Market overview of import wheeled excavators. Trailed Mini Excavator Scorpio

Exist different kinds Excavators, depending on the principle of operation, the device chassis, destination and other parameters

Types of excavators on the principle of action

Excavators are divided into continuously working (multidimal) and cyclic (single-line).

The first associated with continuous work is used mainly when digging trenches. They are simultaneously cut into the ground, move it and ship into special transport, conveyor or dump.

The second, single-line, interrupt the soil digging at the time of movement. They are used mainly during construction, to perform major earthworks. In the appointment of single-line excavators, in turn, are divided into construction and careers. Career are used in places of development of mineral deposits.

Types of excavators by type of device

Wheel excavators. Based on a car wheel or pneumocole chassis. They are distinguished by mobility, high movement speed, wide use area. This technique is mainly used for work within the city, where there is an opportunity to get to the destination on a relatively good road.

Crawler excavators. Based on caterpillar. They are distinguished increased patency On the terrain inaccessible to the wheeled technology. These are loose sandy soils, off-road, overwhelmed swampy soil, etc. However, they are delivered to the place with the help of special equipment. In terms of sales, for example, tracked models exceed wheels by 15-20%.

Railway excavators Based on the railway platform, floating excavators - on pontoons. The latter are used for clearing water bodies, deepening bottom, sand mining.

The most sought-after types of special equipment and their appointment

Field-turn excavator on a wheeled or caterpillar - Universal view of special equipment used on construction sites. It performs earthworks on the development of the soil, the device of pots, loading bulk materials, leveling platforms, demolition of buildings and structures.

Mini-excavator - solution for cases when big car Not applicable or excessive.

Backhoe loader Performs the trenches, the development of kittlers, the movement of the soil, the loading of construction waste, clearing the territories, preparation of the base of the road for asphalting.

Using additional equipment For excavators makes it possible to expand the functionality of the special equipment. So, backhoe loader, Combines earth-loading bucket with bulldozer equipment.

Excavators manufacturers

Dear, but very powerful and extremely reliable JCB, Caterpillar and Liebherr excavators are in demand on the primary market and retain their high cost when subsequent resale. Terex, Komatsu, Hyundai, Hydrema, Hidromek, Volvo, Case, John Deere, New Holland, Hitachi, Exmash are also considerably popular. Inexpensive Chinese technician Yuchai, Xcmg, Sunward, Liugon also in demand.

How much is the excavator?

• DEM-310 excavator loader with both bridges produced by the Italian company Carraro and the Motor Perkins 1104D-44T per 100 hp costs 2,170,000 rubles.
• China Liugong Excavator Model with 92.5 L.S. and fully drive There is a price of 2 250,000 rubles.
• EO2626 wheel excavator, which is made on the basis of the tractor Belarus, are estimated at 990,000 rubles, and the tracked model EO3223 with an increased support surface and engine capacity of 100 hp costs 3,000,000 rubles.
• Japanese Crawler Compact Excavator KUBOTA KX1213G with a diesel engine capacity of 40 hp costs 2,120,000 rubles.
• The Kubota KX080AC model already has a motor power of 65 hp, but it costs 3,700,000 rubles.
• Chinese Wheel Excavator XCMG WZ30-25 with a capacity of 88 hp has a price of 2,010,000 rubles.

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Diesel single-loving excavators relate to category building machines Cyclic Action and are agricultural gauge-loading mechanisms intended for mining, as well as ground removal when digging kitty shoes or trenches

Excavators, like all cars created by a person, are different between themselves and are divided into seven dimensional groups. To the first, for example, there are earthmoving machines with a production mass from 3 to 6.3 tons, and to the seventh - mountain, career excavators Weight 100 tons and more.

Our today's review is devoted to miniature machines, the existence of which, apparently, did not know or did not suspect the compilers of the classifier of this technique.

We are talking about single-loving full-time excavators with the production mass to one ton. Of course, such cars will not see so often so often in our building organizations, but, nevertheless, they are already on sale - both new and used. Why do they need and what are the prospects for mini excavators in the Russian market?

When the size matters

It is believed that mini-excavators first appeared in Japan - in a country where there are not so much free space, and where people live with growth below average. But from the children's years I perfectly remember that "two soldiers from Stroybat are replaced by an excavator." Yes, the poor Japanese, it can be seen, just did not know this, so they began to design a mini construction technique. Pioneer in this direction has become japanese company Takeuchi. MFG. Co. Ltd., which was founded in 1963, and since 1971, the production of mini-excavators has already unfolded. In the late 70s, the firm became the first supplier of this equipment to the American construction equipment market. Maybe someone from the "titans" and "giants" of construction engineering this topic then seeing non-serious, but as the life showed, these construction mini cars have become quite popular throughout the world. Now such equipment is released in large quantities almost all European, Asian and American firms, and the company Takeuchi and today specializes mainly at the production of mini-excavators, mini-loaders and low-tonnage tracked dump trucks.

The main advantages of compact excavators is that this mini-technique is capable of working in very constrained conditions when each square centimeter on the account. The following, and it is important - this is saving fuel and means for depreciation, as with relatively small volumes of construction work (for example, with individual construction, cable laying, repair, etc.) such an excavator will be uniquely more efficient. And the latter is the exceptional mobility of technology with the prefix "mini", that is, the builders have the opportunity to transport the excavator to vehicles Middle lifting capacity, without the use of heavy trucks and coordination with road inspection.

Where you can use mini excavator

Mini-excavators are usually applied in works inside buildings in the destruction of partitions and overlaps, for digging small trenches under the telephone cable, in parks and central quarters, when it is necessary to minimize the destruction of an existing landscape. They can be used in tunnels and even in the holds of ships. Just imagine, such a baby calmly goes into the usual doorway and go down to the basement of the building! The unique hydraulics of some models allows to achieve digging depth of 1.6 m.

Design

According to the design, one-photon excavators are not very different from their older brothers, they are equipped with a diesel engine, a hydraulic system, a tracked propulsion, a rotary platform and replaceable working bodies. Often the chassis in mini-excavators has a variable width of the gauge. This correction takes place with the help of a built-in hydraulic line: in the transport position it is minimal, in the working - maximum, and it is done to increase the stability of the excavator.

Returning to the Japanese leader, I will say that all models of mini-excavators Takeuchi are equipped with rubber and rubber-metal tracked traccles that minimize vibration even on the solid ground. Moreover, rubber caterpillars It is possible to work on such delicate surfaces as lawns or asphalt without making any damage. The batch design of the tracks enhances the grip with the ground, which makes it possible to significantly extend the life of the excavator chassis and eliminates the possibility that the tracked trunk tracks with a guide even on steep slopes.

System emergency shutdown The engine automatically returns it to the idle course in case of increasing the temperature of the coolant and completely turns off if the lubricant pressure is overly dropped. The speed selection valve of the operation mode allows you to quickly change the excavator control modes at the discretion of the operator, and the telescopic arrow increases the radius of the work performed. The built-in engine brake is triggered from one touch and allows you to reduce fuel consumption, especially when the excavator goes to mode idle move. Among other technical solutions - restrictive boom device, fully eliminating the erase of cables about the fragments of construction waste, disk hydraulic parking brakes, rear headlamps and cast-iron counterweights.

Workers

These building mini cars are usually equipped with a reverse shovel, since their main task is to dig pits and trenches. In this case, the platform allows the excavator booster to a fairly large angle. Almost all kids have a dump. Its presence allows you to perform a small bulldozer. But you should not expect something significant from him. The design of the mini-arrows allows you to install attachments on it for various purposes. These include hydraulic hammers, borants, hydronomas, etc.

Place operator

The operator's workplace, which usually equip the mini-excavator, is three types. Often it is identical to an ordinary excavator, and the mini-car can equip cabins, protective arcs with an awning, and sometimes - just, without frills. It is less likely to meet the layout of the workplace as a biker seat on a motorcycle. And in very rare cases come across the designs, in which the operator is located, standing for motor compartmentAnd the excavator control levers are located in front of it on the power plant cover.

Speaking about the management bodies, it should be noted that mini-excavators are equipped with both control levers (more common scheme) and joysticks.

Abroad to deliver mini excavators to the place of work commonly used all-wheel drive carssuch as heavy American pickups, coupling with a special trailer. In our country, a small construction machine is transported in the bodies of the onboard truck, in rare cases - on the auto-avacuator.

Model manifold

Miniature excavators today produce a fairly large number of machine-building companies. Among the leaders - Caterpillar, Therex, John Deere., Case, Coyote, Airman, Bobcat, Komatsu, Hitachi Construction Machinery, Yanmar, Takeuchi MFG. Co. Ltd., IHI (Japan), Volvo Construction Equipment, JCB, Daewoo Heavy Industries, Avant (Finland), Gehl, Wacker Neuson. In recent years, mini-equipment appears increasingly chinese manufacturers. However, it does not occupy a significant position in the Russian market and CIS countries.

Firm Kubota. Multiple models of mini-excavators with a production weight up to 1 ton are manufactured. This today japanese manufacturer Releases a whole range of compact construction equipment, mini-tractors, diesel engines, generators, conveyors, lawn mowers, etc. According to the scale of its production, statistics says, and it is such - recently, more than 50,000 mini-excavators and other compact construction equipment of the Kubota brand are being implemented annually around the world.

The new series of compact excavators Kubota KX-3 is a promising solution for the 21st century construction equipment market. When developing a series of KX-3, emphasis was placed on the development of three main characteristics: improvement technical parameters, convenience in operation and environmental friendliness. The Kh-3 family includes cars with a standard counterweight, and among them - the most-selling model of the mini-excavator KUBOTA K008-3 with an operational weight of 850 kg (without a cabin) in the world. Model K008-3 has a digging force of 9.8 kN (1000 kgf), maximum digging depth of 1705 mm, an extrusion height of 2870 mm, equipped with an engine Kubota D772-BH-3 with a capacity of 10.2 hp. and a bucket with a volume of 0.018m3.

Quickly raised bucket pins allow you to easily replace attachments, without using an additional tool. In the excavator K008-3, it is not necessary to produce a wiring of the hydraulic system - it is already equipped with outputs for its maintenance and the connection of the hydraulic hammer. Adjusting the width of the rubber caterpillars of the excavator makes the operator, using just one lever. This allows literally in a few seconds to move from the gauge of 700 mm (for the passage of narrow places) to a rut of stable 860 mm.

Among the mini-excavators of the U series with a shortened counterweight, the model U10-3 is distinguished by a mass of 990 kg (without a cabin). It opens up new prospects for the development of the construction equipment market. This machine is characteristic of such qualities such as ultra-compactness, excellent smoothness and convenience of work, as well as greater performance. The effort of digging a bucket with a volume of 0.024 m3 is 1060 kgf, the maximum digging radius is 3380 mm, limit depth digging - 1800 mm.

Next Japanese Machine - Crawler Excavator Without Cabin Hitachi. Zaxis 8-2b with a bulldozer dump. Its operational mass is 810 kg, the bucket capacity does not exceed 0.016 m3 (equivalent of one and a half vest), the maximum depth of digging is 1.53m, and the digging force on the bucket is 960 kgf. The excavator is equipped with a diesel engine Kubota with a capacity of 7.8 hp

Famous Japanese company Komatsu.Having ranked second among world engine builders, also produces mini-excavators with a mass of up to one ton. This is the Komatsu model of PC09-1 with an equipped weight of 890 kg and a bucket with a volume of 0.025 m3. Despite its small sizes and tonnage, this mini-excavator has all the advantages (high performance, reliability and efficiency) peculiar to its larger brethren on the prestigious brand. Excavator RS09-1, equipped with a diesel engine with a capacity of 11.4 hp, can get the ground from the depth of 1.5 m.

German firm Wacker Neuson. Kramer. Releases Neuson 803 mini-excavator with an operational mass of 935 kg. A non-vacable construction mini machine is equipped with a Diesel engine of Yanmar with a capacity of 18.6 hp, rubber tracks, an excavator bucket with a volume of 0.03 m3 and a chassis with a variable width - 700/860 mm. Neuson 803 excavator has a digging depth of 1.73m.

British company JCB. produces 11 models of compact excavators. Among them, the JCB 8008 mini machine with an operational mass of 850 kg and a bucket with a volume of 0.03 m3. The layout of this excavator is made so that the operator is located on the motor casing of the machine, as on a motorcycle. JCB 8008 is equipped with an engine with a capacity of 12.5 hp and has a maximum depth of digging 1690 mm.

Firm Avant. Releases a small-sized construction machine AVANT 220. A four-wheel drive wheel chassis with this Finnish station is used as a drive. gasoline engine Kohler V20 with a capacity of 20 hp, independent hydraulic drive of each wheel, with inter-axis differential lock. For this mini car, more than 20 different attached guns have already been created. The equipment of Avanta is 620 kg, and the lifting capacity on the arrows is 300kg.

Compact construction machinery brand Bobcat. Available in Ingersoll Rand - one of the leading manufacturers of heavy equipment for road construction and soil seals. The Bobcat 316 mini-excavator is a machine with an operational mass of 820 kg. The excavator is equipped with a 10 hp engine. and a bucket with a volume of 0.04 m3. The maximum depth of the digging is 1550 mm, and the elevation height of the unloading is 2010 mm.

Japanese compact excavator Takeuchi. TV 108 with an equipped weight of 835 kg equipped with a 2-cylinder engine capacity of 9.3 hp (6.8 kW) (Euro-4) and is able to get the ground from the depth of 1.53 m and unload the bucket at a height of 2 m. The bucket volume is 0.018 m3. TV 108 is equipped with a hydraulic system for regulating its own width dimension. Its rubber caterpillars can be spread to a width of 900 mm to increase stability when working, or compressed to 680 mm in order to pass into narrow openings. The operator's workplace is equipped with an awning. And for the dumping of the soil, the Takeuchi TV 108 is equipped with a bulldozer dump.

Buy mini excavator or not

Before you decide on the purchase, it is necessary to make economic calculations and find out whether it is not cheaper to hire shovels from the Central Asian countries instead of using a mini-excavator. However, migration laws are becoming tougher, therefore, I think, in the near future, the demand for compact techniques that replaces the work of a whole brigade will increase.

An important aspect is the versatility of mounted excavator equipment, which allows one machine to perform various types of work, in a small space. However, it is impossible to forget that miniature mechanisms are not limitless.

If you have decisled to make investments in a mini technique, then, of course, it is necessary to take into account the scope of its further use and weather conditions of your region. If the excavator is not operated in the southern part of Russia, you should pay attention to the models with a closed cabin. And if you plan to use an excavator in warm climatic conditions, you can save on the cabin.

Every year, mini excavators are becoming an increasingly more common type of technology. And although in the near future they are unlikely to take a significant share of the construction machine market, but nevertheless mini excavators are no longer exotic on Russian expanses.

Share

Excavator This is always a great assistant in solving complex tasks in the construction, communal and industrial spheres, so the demand for such products always exists. But a full-fledged big excavator costs a lot of money, and therefore some are limited to special mini-excavators with excellent characteristics and performing a certain spectrum of work.

A mini-excavator is a small technique with a weight of from 500 to 6,000 kg, the presence of a tracked chassis and the possibility of digging at a depth of 2.5 meters. Small dimensions and a great direct engine allow you to transport an excavator to different places, some models are transported even by a trailer. The compactness of technology makes managing maneuverable, therefore the permeability in various narrow and complex places at a high level. The main advantages of such equipment can be attributed:

• Low fuel consumption;
• Bucket of various widths from 30 cm to 1 meter;
• Quiet work and compatibility with various attachments;
• High performance features, increase the capabilities of the mini excavator.

Scope of application

Most of the presented models are ideally compatible with attachments to perform certain tasks, so the scope of the small excavator is enormous.

1. Coppe trench for water pipe, cable;
2. Digging pools, small ponds;
3. Correction of irregularities;
4. Destruction of solid materials - stone, concrete, asphalt.

Best models

The range of mini-excavators is already represented by more than 10 manufacturers and multiple models, each of which has interesting features And it will help to make one or another work. An important role is played for a mini excavator sizes, because they show as far as the technique is powerful and productive. Among the most popular brands can be allocated: Volvo, Bobcat, Isuzu, Yanmar, Komatsu, Scorpio. We offer the three most interesting models.

Trailed Mini Excavator Scorpio

This is one of the simplest and easy models, the excavator is designed to grow small trenches (under the cable or for an artificial pond). Trailed mini excavators are a separate category, technique are not able to move independently on the ground and therefore transported to the place of destination by the car. The car serves as a tug, on the excavator there are two or four wheels. Also, the design assumes a small bucket, which is carried out by digging trenches. Be sure to each trailer model has a support by which the excavator hitch with the surface is carried out.

The Scorpio Excavator is created in Volgograd, the domestic technology is ideally adapted to our conditions and is presented at quite an accessible cost. Differs in small sizes, you can transport passenger car. The weight of the Scorpio model is 650 kg, while it is possible to pierce the ground to a depth of 2.5 meters. A bucket of a width of 16 to 45 cm is used, so there should be no difficulties with the ruin. The width of the excavator itself was 2.07 m, for the operator was created quite comfortable workplace. It became possible to immerse at an altitude of up to 2.2 meters, and for long work The volume of the fuel tank was increased - up to 22.5 liters.

Kubota U25-3.

This representative of mini-excavators is considered a more serious model of a modern type with a lot of interesting decisions. The manufacturer initially created a model for use in small spaces, so Kubota U25-3 received modest dimensions with a length of 4,100 mm and 1,500 mm width. The final weight was 2,470 kg, which still belongs this technique to the class of mini excavators. The technique is standardly completed with a bucket with a volume of 0.08 cubic meters, the bucket width with the presence of a lateral tooth was 50 cm, without it 45 cm. Such buckets perfectly copes with the chicken ridge and aligning various surfaces, the maximum digging depth is 2820 kg. The technique is well combined with different attachments and therefore has decent performance.

Engineers create every detail in accordance with international norms, therefore in operation the technique is excellent and will serve for many years. The basis of Kubota U25-3 is a diesel engine E-TVC with water-cooled, has a rated power of 21 horsepower and rotation of 2,400 rpm. There are 3 cylinders, so the thrust and an applied effort at a high level. For long-term work is set big fuel tank by 28 liters.

• Maximum safety - for loading and unloading the excavator is provided by a system of hydraulic coordination, so the movement will be direct and uniform
• Economic engine - the company's branded engine has received a three-voice fuel combustion system, thanks to which the power is 100% issued, the vibration decreases, and the fuel consumption is one of the best among mini-excavators.
• Workplace - in the Kubota U25-3 model there is a roof and protection of the operator, so you can not be afraid of tipping or stones. Inside the cabin is convenient and equipped with a modern comfortable seat.

Mini Excavator MKSM-800

Domestic model with good popularity, produces Kurgan factory. The technique has a large set of features, compact dimensions and affordable cost. Designers were able to create an excavator that is easy to maintain and is available for repair, spare parts are available. Often, a mini-loader is used in agriculture, construction, loading or unloading, growing trenches and water pipes. It shows the perfect efficiency in places where the standard large excavator cannot help. Maneuverable, powerful and affordable.

Deciphered the name of the ICM as a "multi-purpose communal construction machine". The figure 800 in the title describes possible loading capacity in kilograms. Today, technique can be used with more than 10 names of attachments, so the IMM-800 will help out in the most special cases.

You can control the technique from the operator's cab, which is reliably protected from tipping and hitting stones. Overview from the operator's cabin is excellent, so the excavator is very convenient in operation. Management occurs with two joysticks having a mechanical or electrical drive. The MKSM-800 model is considered the primary, 800H, 800K, 800A and 800A-1 modifications are also proposed. As standard, the MKSM-800 model is equipped with a diesel engine with a capacity of 46.2 horsepower and the presence of 3 cylinders. Cooling liquid, so you can work with the technique for a long time. The diesel engine has a Cummins A2100 designation. Regardless of the modification, the excavator has a fixed bucket width of 173 cm and maximum height Unloading 2.4 meters. Management in the initial modification mechanical, model MKSM-800A is offered with electrical control.

Other mini-loaders

It is also worth highlighting the following good models that deserved positive reviews from Russian owners:

• Doosan DX55WA is a mini-excavator wheel model, suitable for digging trenches, quarries, unloading and loading bulk materials. One of the most versatile models has a power engine with a capacity of 54.7 horsepower, 4 cylinders and a volume of 3.3 liters. Pneumatic wheels allow moving on public roads.

Yanmar SV08 - The initial model in a ruler with a weight of only 1,035 kg, received a length of 3 meters and a corporate engine with minimal noise. Produced in France and therefore quality at a decent level. The technique received sliding caterpillars and a bulldozer dump with the ruins.

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The speed of movement of the excavator on a wheeling can reach 35 km / h (and if it is attached to the truck, even more), which is about 8 times higher than the speed of the tracked machine. Shoes in the tires of the wheels do not apply almost no damage road covering. Therefore, these cars are trying to use in those places where the tracked car is ordered, for example, within the city.

In this sense, any movement of the caterpillar excavator on the roadway leads to the formation of dents and cracks, and work on the territory of the park or recreation area turns this zone into the mash, while low pressure on the ground pneumatic tires Allows the wheelchair to move freely on soft or paved surfaces without prejudice to the coating.

Wheel excavators Builders prefer to acquire or lease, of course, provided that the maximum high permeability and lifting capacity will not need, but it will be necessary enough high power Special machinery. At the same time, "Kolesniks" capable of working on the soils to the IV category are inclusive, are often used on very serious excavator work - when the soil is drawn up and obtaining the desired slope when creating a basis for the future construction site or during the preparation of a pit for laying the foundation. For such work, except power requires accuracy when moving the soil, very good handling and circular visibility - all these qualities, modern full-turn wheeled excavators just possess. But, in addition, they are very convenient when working in cramped conditions and are generally universal, as they can be used to remove asphalt, cleaning cuvettes, digging trenches for laying communications, moving the construction trash, planning under the base and clearing platforms by bulldozer, use in quality of the lifting mechanism. These machines, in addition to the obligatory bucket ("reverse shovel") and a bulldozer dump, are equipped with a wide variety of tools: a "direct shovel" bucket, a hydraulic hammer, hydronic, grab, a ripper, etc. With the help of an excavator, you can even drill well under the poles.

Manufacturers of wheeled excavators

Wheel excavators russian production Basically represented by Tver Twex and Eksmash plants. Tverskaya Excavator (TVECs) is included in the company "RM-Tereks" (is a joint venture of the Russian Holding "Russian cars" and the global manufacturer Terex Corporation). Here release wheel Excavators TVEX Series The operational mass of 14.4 tons and 17.6 tons and the EC operational mass of 14.9, 18.0 and 20.2 tons. TVEX cars - the new product of the company with a comfortable modern cabin, the engine of the Minsk motor factory D-245 with a capacity of 122 liters. from. (Tier II), Zahnradfabrik bridges and transmission, Bosch-Rexroth hydraulic equipment components, Poclain turning mechanism.

Plant "ExMash" produces two models of pneumatic full-time excavators with an operational mass of 13.2 and 16.2 tons. The machines are equipped with an economical turbocharged engine Deutz with a capacity of 91 hp, drive bridges and gearbox production of Germany, hydraulics produced by Bosch Rexroth. The hydraulic system, made according to the LUDV scheme of the Bosch Rexroth company, provides an unlimited number of combinations in the working cycle. Power distribution of the main LS pump between executive mechanisms It occurs with the priority of the rotary mechanism to reduce the time of the working cycle. The feature of the excavators is not analogue in the world, a capotic system with a horizontal counterweight. In 2013, the plant increased the warranty for excavators to two years or 1500 m / h, and the maintenance interval rose to 500 m / h.

Significant share of imports to Russia wheel excavators Now make up hyundai cars (Operational mass of 5.5 - 20.5 tons) - more than 30%, Doosan (5.6-20.8 tons) - 20% and Caterpillar (14.0 - 22.5 T) - more than 10%. Also in our market are well represented wheel excavators CASE (10.0 - 22.7 tons), Hitachi (16.5 - 21.1 tons), JCB (12.7 - 21.4 T), Komatsu (14.2 - 22.3 tons), Liebherr ( 18 - 21 tons), Volvo (12.8 - 20.1 tons). The company "RM-Tereks" offers compact TEREX wheel excavators of the TW series of 6.8-11.0 tons.

Constructive features of wheeled excavators

Somedokshova hydraulic excavators have a long-standing design, which is nevertheless constantly being improved. Hydraulic systemwhich performs the functions of the power actuator and managing the working bodies, in modern excavators is equipped with an adjustable performance depending on the load. This reduces the duration of the working cycles, increases the effort on the bucket and handle.

So, U. hyundai excavators The CAPO automated system is used, which controls the hydraulic system and adjusts its parameters to obtain maximum parameters Performance. On the excavators JCB. The improved intelligent AMS control system is installed standard - it controls all the basic functions of the machine to ensure maximum performance and fuel efficiency. Doosan excavators are also equipped with a new hydraulic system controlled with the engine with the engine electronic control E-EPOS to obtain optimal power and fuel economy. Komatsu excavators Equipped with an exclusive on-board Hydraumind system, which makes it easy to perform all operations, providing increased operational performance of the machine. The Liebherr LSC excavators hydraulic system ensures the coordinated operation of the engine and hydraulics, allowing simultaneously saving fuel and rationally use the pressure of 350 bar.

The excavators are set pretty powerful four or more often six-cylinder diesel engines with liquid cooling, turbocharged, direct fuel injection using the battery injection system COMMON RAIL. Or systems of individual pumps with high injection pressure - up to 2000 bar. Such diesel engines have a high torque at low revs. crankshaftWhat is just required for the efficient operation of the excavator. Moreover, modern motors Comply with the tight standards of exhaust gas toxicity - American EPA Tier 3 and European EU Stage IIIa. For example, for engines with a capacity of 75 to 130 kW emissions with exhaust gases of carbon oxides according to Stage IIIa, should not exceed 5 g / (kWh), nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons - 4 g / (kWh), and solid particles, then There are soot, - 0.3 g / (kWh). These standards correspond, for example, all Caterpillar turbodiesels, performed using ACERT technology, all motors Volvo.created using the technology of organizing the combustion process V-ACT, all new Komatsu engines with Ecot3 designation, LIEBHERR engines of own production D 934 S.

Transmission is installed directly to the rear axle for maximum road Suit, as well as to protect it with a powerful bridge from those flying from under the wheels of stones. Front axle Perform swinging, with a swing angle to 10 °, while the automatic locking of the cylinder of the bridge swing is applied, or it is performed from the operator's cab. Transmission on modern machines is fully supplied automatic box Transmissions switched under load. The standard uses permanent drive on all wheels. On modern machines, bridges are equipped with non-servant disk brakes with hydraulic drive.

The drive mechanism of the platform rotation is carried out by a separate adjustable piston hydraulic pump and an unregulated piston hydraulic motor. A separate pump means that the hydraulic drive circuit is closed, that is, no power reduction occurs when the other connection is connected. hydraulic devices. Arm beams and handles have a box cross section. A number of different arrows and several arms of different length are proposed. Arrows can be both monoblock and two-section. The boom hydraulic cylinders, handles and bucket to mitigate shocks are equipped with damper devices (hydraulic plates). The device is used everywhere to quickly shift attachments so that it is possible to install hydraulic hammer instead of the bucket instead of the bucket, etc. In this case, the machine is equipped with a separate hydraulic circuit.

To improve stability and reduce the load on the support surface on both excavators bridges, dual wheels are installed. For greater stability during the operation of the excavator, the role of support, as is known, performs a bulldozer dump, and on the opposite side of the car, independent remote supports (outriggers) are lowered with swivel shoes. Dumps and remote supports are now interchangeable, so that the outriggers can easily be installed in front and behind.

The cabin has a thick-walled tubular frame. Fastening to the frame - through rubber supports for breeding vibrations. Multilayer shockproof glasses are attached in the openings of the cab panel without frames, which increases the overview. Windshield is performed divided. Steps and platforms are covered with perforated steel plates so that the operator does not slip. In addition, in the zone of the heads of the bolts, they are recessed so that the operator does not stumble about them. Of course, the cabin must meet the requirements of the ROPS system. At the request of the customer, some manufacturers produce machines with a hydraulically raised cab - it is necessary to increase the survey of the operator, for example, when unloading high wagons.

Operator seat is equipped pneumatic suspensionwhich automatically adjusts to the mass of the operator. Adjusts the settings of the seat, armrest, consoles. The right console establishes frequently used arrow controls, handle and buckets, on the left - control bodies and remote consoles. In order to increase the free space on the floor, a two-way pedal of controlling and circuits of work equipment is used. The high-pressure working circuit control pedal is fixed in a non-working position. For ease of informing an operator about the operation of the machine, a color monitor or a multifunctional display with the menu system and the programmable shortcut keys of some of the most required functions are applied. Under the order is installed by the rear view camera. In the cockpit is maintained overpressure. A climate installation is used, which includes the heater and air conditioning. Distribution warm air Cabin takes place with blowing all window openings. Cabin noise insulation is at a high level, so you can install a good music center. Noise level in the cabin modern car does not exceed 72 dB (a). Reducing the level of noise and vibration is ensured largely due to the flexible fixing of the cabin to the frame. By the way, for the implementation of Directive 2000/14 / EC, designers work on a decrease in the outdoor level of noise, reducing it to 98-100 dB (a).

Many firms to track the work of the techniques in order to save fuel and reduce expenditures for operation began to actively use navigation systems. Hyundai excavators, for example, a Hi-Mate remote control system is installed, which functions using GPS navigation. VOLVO, CareTrack branded telemetra, is used as standard equipment - this equipment is included in the standard package of most new large-sized models of this company. Liebherr serially applies Lidat on machines. The machine is equipped with a built-in GPS, modem and antenna receiver. With this equipment, the data comes from the machine to the central database through mobile network GPRS / GSM or satellite communications. In addition, the GPS network serves to determine the accurate location of the machine. The CareTrack connected system transmits the operational reports of the machine, about the daily operation in machine commodities, about the timing maintenance, On fuel consumption. By the way, fuel consumption is determined by again the branded "Volvovsky" on-board diagnostic computer MATRIS, which is able to provide a detailed analysis of the entire history of the machine.

Modern excavators have a high ability to reutelize, which is very important for protection ambient. Volvo machines it reaches a record 95%. This company is generally famous for the ecology - paintwork Outdoor parts from Volvo excavators does not contain lead.

A very timely decision in the struggle for the ecology was accepted by Caterpillar, starting to apply biodegradable hydraulic oilthat is unlike mineral oils Fully decomposes with microorganisms in soil and water.

In 2012, Caterpillar presented an updated line of wheel excavators of the 300th series, created specifically for the CIS market.

Flagship updated Series Became wheel excavator Cat M318D. IN basic configuration In addition to traditional options, such as a hydraulic hammer and a device for quickly changing attachments, CAT M318D may have a unique SmartBoom system. It allows when using a hydraulic woman to translate the boom and handle into the "floating" position in order to reduce the load on the hydraulic and equipment.

All excavators of the updated line are equipped with default by the Caterpillar Product Link system that remotely informs the client about the basic parameters of the excavator.

Separately, I would like to say about the automatic retainer of the transport position of the turning platform. With the help of the pedal in the cockpit, the operator fixes the platform and can start moving without leaving the cab.

Among the changes in the design can also be noted:

• increased area of \u200b\u200bdump-support for greater stability of the car in cramped urban environments, when there is no possibility to take advantage of remote supports (legs);
• the new monitor and the control panel, on which all switches are grouped under the right hand of the operator, which greatly simplifies work;
• new pressure, temperature and new drainage valve in the hydraulic tank for greater reliability of the machine.

But the versatility of the wheeled vehicles, inferior to this indicator only to loader excavators, has its limits. Wheel excavators unambiguously leave the tracked machines on unstable soils. In addition, the presence of a wheel chassis implies serious load limits on the axis than, in fact, the fact that there is no "kolester" with a production mass of more than 30 tons.

Nevertheless, universality is often much more valuable quality than power. It has proven excavators-forkliers that are now more in demand. Statistics russian market Excavator equipment shows that the loader excavators use the greatest demand: for the first half of 2013, about 4,000 units sold in Russia, while the wheeled excavators are just over 1000 units, and medium hydraulic (tracked) excavators of the operational mass. 20 to 33 tons - about 2000 units.

Construction and road organizations seem, reflecting on a dilemma: to purchase a new wheel excavator or an excavator loader, which in some cases will save on frontal loader, choose the second. Although the builders, of course, understand that, acquiring a more universal excavator loader, they receive a weak and moreover an incomplete excavator, which is not able to cope with any large-scale task, when needed, for example, transfer a large ground for very a short time. The fact is that the loader excavators and wheel excavators are in different weight categories: the first occupy a niche to 12 tons, the second - up to 27 tons.

The reason for the popularity of excess loaders More is associated with a general tendency of mechanization growth in construction sites, when developers with the help of this technique begin to actively deprive the operation of unqualified workers with a shovel. Wheel excavators on this wave does not become much more - heavy equipment and unskilled labor does not intersect if, of course, not counting the distant times of the first five years. However, some increase in competition in the market of earthmoving vehicles in itself is not bad - all this leads to the emergence of more advanced technology.