UAZ-452 is the history of domestic automotive industry. His development at Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant began in 1955, and three years later, the car went into mass production. In 1965, the car was seriously modernized, as a result of which he received a new engine, gearbox and modification. Until the mid-80s, this car was released unchanged, and the next update overtook him in 1985. On this history of the 452nd ended, and he came to a shift an SUV with a new index - 3741.
UAZ-452 is a special cargo-passenger car of increased passability with a wheel formula of 4 × 4. It was made both in the body (wagon) and onboard execution ("Golovastic").
The 452th was proposed in various modifications, including a van, chassis for installing various equipment, a ten-bed minibus, a truck with a double cabin and a wooden body, as well as a sanitary car and even a truck tractor.
The length of the UAZ-452 is 4360 mm, the height is 2090 mm, the width is 1940 mm, the wheelbase is 2300 mm, the road clearance is 220 mm. In the curb, it weighs 1760 kg, and its full mass does not exceed 3000 kg depending on the version.
The UAZ-452 was equipped with a four-cylinder carburetor gasoline engine UMP-451 with a working volume of 2.5 liters, which was given 72 horsepower for power at 4000 revolutions per minute and 156 nm of the maximum torque at 2500 revolutions per minute. Motor combined with a 4-speed manual gearbox. Ulyanovsk SUV is able to develop a peak speed of 110 km / h. The average fuel consumption of 452th is 18 liters per 100 km of way at a constant speed of 90 km / h. The stated engine resource before the first overhaul is 300 thousand km.
UAZ-452 perfectly adapted for off-road. In his arsenal, a 2-speed dispensing box, a plug-in front-wheel drive, solid road clearance and excellent geometric permeability are labeled. In its capabilities, he still surpasses modern SUVs in much.
The main advantages of UAZ-452 are simplicity and reliability of the design, excellent permeability, maintainability, accessibility of spare parts, inexpensive service and much more. There are also minuses - a low level of security that when the front collision can lead to serious traums of seds, outdated design, almost complete ability to ensure comfort.
Despite the "solid age" and the fact that the production of the "452" family has long been discontinued, even in 2017 they can still be purchased (in the secondary market) at a price of ~ 35 thousand rubles (for the copy "on the go" ).
In the early 50s of the last century it seemed that nuclear war between the USSR and the United States would not be able to power. The postpocalyptic future was perceived almost as inevitable, and the whole question was only in the one who is better to prepare to it. The Ulyanovsk Automotive Plant, who was from the time of World War II "branch" on the production of GAZ-69, on the eve of the almost started third receives a secret order from the Ministry of Defense: to develop a car for ... the export of the wounded and died of radioactive defeat foci.
It is now unknown to almost anyone, except for several surviving developers of this car, but in the usual "loaf" with a body van, which you can often watch on the streets, was realized the possibility of transportation, in addition to the driver and passenger, five stretchers with injuries: four Of them are attached on sides in two tiers, and the fifth are rushing between the side ... amazing? Little looks like the truth? Of course, because these facts were many years of stricter classified!
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Made in Usr.
In the second half of the 50s, an understanding began to come that the apocalypse if it would be, it is not necessary right now. He may happen tomorrow, and today the all-wheel drive car of the car layout would be very useful, which is already practically ready for production. The car, at this point, which had the name of the UAZ-450, was at the heart of His chassis GAZ-69 with the original body drawn by the designer V. I. Aryamov ... They say "Bukka" this car began to call more factory tests.
The car could take on board 800 kg of cargo and develop the speed of 90 km / h. In 1957, the preparation of this car was completed, and its mass production began in 1958. Interestingly, two years earlier in the United States began to produce a very similar car - Ford FC. That car had two main options, a truck with a short and long cabins, the van appeared later and was released a little (as the model itself, which looked only until 1965), however, disputes about the Soviet and American "loaf" are still not subsidized .. . Did Aryamov stole the design of Americans? Hardly - the cars were drawn and developed at the same time (in full compliance with the canons of the "Arms race"), simply Soviet, as usual, was detained with entering the series. The point is not in the plagiarism, but in the general orientation of the design of those years - take a look, for example, on the first Volkswagen Transporter.
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The second "loaf"
From 1958 to 1965, "Buanka" under the name of the UAZ-450 (the letter A for the sanitary car was added to the index, in - for the van and d - for a truck with a wooden body) was produced in its original form: frame, 3-speed box and gasoline 2.1 liter motor, outstanding 52 hp, everything is in pure form from GAZ-69 (the same motor, by the way, was put on GAZ-20 "Victory"). By the mid-60s, the car was made more technological, leaving directly related to the army jeep: the curved welded frame was changed to the original direct, made of a chamber profile, the lever shock absorbers gave way to the telescopic, and the power unit was borrowed from GAZ 21 "Volga" - Upper-flaped 2.5-liter 70-strong engine was associated with a 4-speed gearbox. In addition, the layout of the force aggregate and steering itself was optimized.
At the same time, the car received both Faislift - the design of the front of the cabin in the form in which we know this car now. In the 1965th, the production of UAZ-452D, a modernized nickname "Golovascular") went into production (he received a member of the nickname "Golovastik"), the other modifications were tightened later: the other modifications: the WORD OF UAZ-452, "Senitark" UAZ-452a (it was called "tablet" or " Pills "), and a ten-seater minibus of UAZ-452V, which appeared in the gamma. By the way, according to one of the versions, this "too civilian" and expensive for the UAZ, the modification was born almost by chance - there were people from "Autoexport" on it, organizations sold by Soviet cars abroad. Although the "minibus" option was laid in the first sketches!
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Variations
"Buanka" is a Soviet record holder in the number of modifications and "tuning versions". Conducted by two factors: a) the car was very successful and in demand; b) UAZ had a strong "sharpening" under the army and at the same time very modest production facilities. Modifications can be divided into two large groups: made by third-party organizations and actually UAZ. The first group, numerous options for "non-zero tuning", were generated mainly by a long lack of a minibus - auto repair and mechanical plants rejected vans to buses, cutting the windows and installing the seats. Such cars that received the nickname "Barbukhai" were devoid of normal ventilation, heating and even entering out, but the situation was saved.
And more - "Barbukhai" provoked the development of a whole branch of the Soviet Auto industry: Over time, on the chassis "Buanka", they began to produce quite decent minibuses, sometimes even superior to the factory UAZ-452 in comfort - such, for example, were the apva minibuses (Pskov Author Repair Plant ). And then the same factories began to collect specialized transport on the same proven platform - so there were autocynejects ("Kuban" plant), automobiles for filmmaking (Chernihiv special vehicles plant) and even equipment for amelioration (Pskov Plant "Hydroimpuls"). As for the own research of the UAZ, the engineering staff spawned just a giant number of all sorts of prototypes, and as it is a pity that most of them did not find a place on the conveyor: "Ambulance" with a soft hydropneumatic suspension, a resuscitation car for rescuers, a 16-seater bus , crawler all-terrain vehicle, truck tractor ...
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Evolution
Throughout the 1970s, Buanka was practically not modernized. But during the restructuring in 1985-1989, the all-terrainy family was still updated: the engine power was raised to 90 hp, a two-round drive of brakes with a vacuum amplifier and upgraded bridges with other gear ratios were put. The designations of versions were changed: the onboard truck began to be called UAZ-3303, van - UAZ-3741, minibus - UAZ-2206, and a sanitary car - UAZ-3962.
In 1997, the car finally got a new engine - UMW-4218 with a volume of 2.9 liters and a capacity of 98 hp In 2008, this engine, together with Bosch, with which UAZ collaborated in the field of electronic fuel injection, was modernized, he began to be called UMP-4213 (2.9 liters, 99 hp) and responded to the norms of Euro-3. And in March 2011, he was brought to "Euro-4", in addition to the car by the car seat belts of the same standard ("Euro-4"), ABS system and power steering ... All these are coming attempts to fit into modern times, but now they Already clearly resemble the expression "that the dead poultice" - by now the car designed in the early 60s does not respond to any requirements.
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Pros and cons
European crash test This car in its current form will never pass. The chauffes even have such a sad joke about the "loaf": "to death 1.5 millimeters." It is in mind the distance that separates sitting in the cabin from the "Street" - nothing that could extinguish the energy of the strike in a collision, in this car, in principle. Add a complete absence of comfort in his modern understanding (if someone did not go to such a car, try, you are waiting for a wonderful expirers - shakes there a thoughcase and at any speed) and a very high fuel consumption (passport through the mixed cycle - 13 l / 100 km, but real - 5-7 liters more). So why is this car still alive?
Indispensable?
Under the passability of "Buanka" is located almost at the level with his "brother", the great and terrible UAZ-469 (he is 3151, now Hunter). Even the rear-wheel drive version of the loaf (in the 1960-1970s there was such a thing) was able to pass there, where ordinary minibuses could not crawl - the clearance was 230 mm against 170-180 at the "civilian"! Think: all-wheel drive "loaves" are able to overcome the 40-centimeter snowy virgin virgin and calmly move along a kee rolled out by the "Urals". A simplicity of design allows you to repair in almost the field and without a special tool - here they are, army roots!
So, she does not have a replacement? And what in this case she is prepared by learning? To get under the prohibition of production after entering the next security and environmental norms? Yes, it is a very likely outcome. But ... As we know, UAZ participates in the project "Mean" (which, in addition to the government, implies "civil" versions of cars), and now in Ulyanovsk began working with a completely new platform, where they should start Build a wide family of SUVs. It is also not excluded that on the same platform UAZ will build (attention!) Minibuses. And indeed, why would Whase, experiencing a complex "transient" period, abandon such an exclusive niche, as a minibus all-terrain vehicle? .. "Buka New"?! Why not! We drove on the topic, as such a car might look, and that's what we did ...
The body on the UAZ 452 is called a certain part of the car intended for the placement of passengers or cargo. He is fixed to the frame. Body UAZ is the most expensive detail requiring timely care and repair.
The people of the 452th as soon as they do not call - loaf, tablet, etc. The serial release of this car began on the UAZ back in 1965.
About UAZ 452.
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A car is created as a special vehicle, equipped with a complete drive. The car is characterized by increased patency. This model comes to the change of UAZ 450, produced at the factory since 1957.
The Uziki, which were produced until 1979, were equipped with an old sample optics. The headlights were installed round type, the rear case corners also spinled. On the body behind the left door there was a place for the room.
The body manufacturing variations were two: in the onboard execution and in the car. The body itself could be equipped with side 1-folded doors or 2-folded doors at the back.
The main advantage of the body design of the UAZ 452 many experts call versatility. So, in Buanka at the same time, up to 10 passengers were placed, not counting the driver. In addition, UAZ 452 could transport 450-1000 kg of cargo. Interestingly, inside the car could be completed both as an option with an isolated compartment, and as an option in the carriage.
The manufacturer installed inside the table, a high-quality stove with great heat production, in every possible way transformed the salon - all this was done with the sole purpose - to turn the car in a reliable assistant in work and rest.
Modifications
UAZ 452 had several modifications. Consider them in more detail.
| UAZ-452. | Van | Main modification. |
| UAZ-452A. | Sanitary car | The people are nruck "tablet". The car was accompanied up to 4 stretcher or six on benches and one accompanying in both cases. The nurse did not provide for comfort when moving, the suspension remained from the standard model, but was the only sanitary machine capable of getting into the most distant places. |
| UAZ-452As. | Sanitary car | In the northern execution. |
| UAZ-452AEE | Chassis for installing various equipment | - |
| UAZ-452V. | Minibus | Tenth-month minibus wagon layout. |
| UAZ-452D | Truck | With double cabin and wooden body. |
| UAZ-452 | Sanitary car | Differs from UAZ-452A with a capacity. |
| UAZ-452K. | Bus | Experimental 16-seater three-axle bus, (6x4) (1973 g). |
| UAZ-452P. | Saddle tractor. |
Body
As mentioned above, the body of this car can have several variations. As a rule, it was 3 lateral and 1 rear bivalve door. Also two rear folding steps were envisaged.
The body itself is made of solid metal, is very durable and distinguished by good kzh parameters. The special partition was installed inside to separate the back and cabin.
As for the connection of body elements, they were fixed with electric welding. Only doors and roofs are put on the loop. Doors hang to the body, additionally fixing except loops, screws.
UAZ seats are soft, folding type. They manage to configure along the axis.
The windshield of UAZ 452 is made of tempered glass called Stalinitis. Due to the quality glass execution, excellent visibility is supported. Windshield bent and does not open.
By modifications:
- The body of 452 A - Sanitary version of the UAZ is equipped with a folding type armchairs, special locks and straps for fixing the stretcher. Side of the body is provided for 2 windows;
- In a 10-seater minibus 452 V seats of soft type installed. To ensure good ventilation, the manufacturer has provided special turning vents and much more;
- Ventilation of the venge modifications 452 is provided by the blinds installed in the sidewalls of the body.
More interesting points on the bodies:
- On the frame of the body is attached at 10 points, and the cabin - in 4;
- In the field of fixing the island and frames are provided for special gaskets of rubberized type.
About the room
Today, many issues are asked in various autofors about the UAZ 452 number. We provide useful information:
- On the UAZ, released until 1999, the body number or chassis, as customary, is applied by the paint manufacturer. The location of him is the right side member frame, right under the rear wheel arch;
- On the UAZ released after 1999, the room is knocked out on the frame, more precisely - on its rear cross;
- After 2001, the number began to knock out, again, on the right side member.
Maintenance features
An experienced motorist knows that if you do not care for a timely car body, no matter how high-quality the latter was not, then with time it will fall apart. So that this does not happen, the body should be treated with various compositions, carefully diagnose its certain period of time, carefully study on damage after each long trip.
Here, how and what should be done periodically:
- Diagnose the fixation of body elements (if you notice a weak fastener, be sure to delay);
- Check how wipers work;
- Door locks and drive hinges lubricate cyatim-201;
- It is also necessary to lubricate a loop using oil and solidol;
- The roof loops of the UAZ 452 are recommended to be treated with mineral oil.
But how to care for the surface of the body, if the surface of the LCP becomes matte:
- It should be treated with polishing paste at number 290. Thus, it is possible not only to increase the duration of operation, but also to improve the appearance;
- Polishing is performed by hand or using electric drills;
- This procedure is recommended to be carried out no more than 1-2 times a year.
If a separate plot of LCP is damaged to the soil, the following is done:
- The deformed body zone is cleaned carefully using sandpaper under the number 180-240;
- The surface is wiping with a dry cloth;
- Then everything is tinted with enamel;
- Drying is carried out by air;
- At the end, it is recommended to apply nitroemal in the body color.
If the body surface is damaged to the metal, then before coloring it is necessary to be uploaded to the place using the composition at number 147.
Watch the video on how to carry out the repair of the body 452
To learn how the repair of the body is carried out from other articles of our site. Photographs and video materials are also recommended for study.
1966- 1985(van, minibus, sanitary car, truck) with a drive for all wheels. Load capacity of 800 kg.
In the 1970s, the chassis, the engine and transmission were unified by design with UAZ-469 aggregates
Models:
- UAZ-452 - van with side opening door.
- UAZ-452A - sanitary car. Weight - 1.9 tons, capacity - 2 + 4 lying or 7 seats. Series in 1968-85.
- UAZ-452As - a sanitary car in the northern design, equipped with additional heating, double glasses in the cabin, enhanced thermal insulation of the floor, roofs and sidewalls. Designed for frosts up to 60 °.
- UAZ-452AE - chassis for installing various equipment
- UAZ-452B - a ten-month minibus of the wagon layout
- UAZ-452D - truck with a double cabin and wooden body. Series since 1966
- UAZ-452DH is a three-axle truck, a loading for 2 tons. In the series did not go.
- UAZ-452g - a sanitary car, differs from UAZ-452a with a capacity. Series since 1971
- UAZ-452K - Experimental 16-seater bus, 1973 (6x4)
- "Medea" -Reansing car based on UAZ-452K (6x4)
- STP-21 and TPS-22-aircraft passenger trapp on the chassis of UAZ-452D
- AT-6 - Aerodrome conveyor (for loading-unloading of goods) on the chassis of UAZ-452D, 1975 with a 1-seater cab
- "Belozur-2M" - a combined radio station (CSM) on the chassis of the UAZ-452
- R-849m - Moving airfield radio robes on the UAZ-452AE chassis with a GAZ-704 trailer
The mobile communications radio is intended to provide telephone radio communications in the ranges of HF, MV and DMV, as well as the provision of telegraph auditory and letter-printing radio communications in the range of sq. Can be used both open and closed channels. For the implementation of bilateral radio communications used R-847TD radio stations, R-802 and P-832m. The reception attendance is carried out on radio receivers-873, P-870m and P-871. Radiozel is located on the UAZ-452AE car with a GAZ-704 sample. - PAR-9M - drive airfield transceiver telegraph-telephone radio station of low power.
Drive airfield transceiver Middle Power Radio Points .. The composition includes "Pereleng-Yum-2" transmitters of the power of the mind-9 power on the GU-81 lamp (2 pcs.), Marker Radiomayak E.615.6, VHF radio station R-809m2, Receiver R-880m. Nutrition - network 220/380 in 50 Hz. It is located on the UAZ-452 chassis with the GAZ-704 trailer. - SRKR-1 "Octava" (1ark-10) - a range of radiocontrol and intelligence on the UAZ-452 chassis (receiver of the control and exploration of PRTR-1 "Dnipro-1km" (1РК-9), etc.)
- OPMS-68 - Lightweight mobile meteorological station on the chassis UAZ-452
Cars exported to different countries, incl. and in western. And often under other brands. As an example of uaz-452d under the brandla
If a shielded electrical equipment was installed on the car, then added the letter "E" (UAZ-452DE ...)
On the basis of the UAZ-452AE, in particular, the Top IZ-452T top acceptance cars, UAZ-452T-II and UAZ-452T-2 were created.
Cars UAZ-452 (loaf) served as the basis for Italian campers
Due to the characteristic layout, it is considered unsafe for the front passengers with a frontal impact. What was confirmed
UAZ 452 (loaf, tablet) is a special cargo-passenger, all-wheel drive, two-axle car of increased patency, with wheel formula 4x4. The car is produced by Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant since 1957. The car is made both in the body (carriage) and in the onboard version (taddastic). The body of the car can be equipped with side single-door doors and a double door behind (doors configuration depends on a specific modification).
The main plus of the car is universality and permeability. In Buanka, the driver can coexist, from one to 10 passengers and from 450 kg to 1 ton of cargo. Internally, space can be performed as in an option with an isolated compartment (the passenger salon is separated by a partition with a window) and in the carriage. The table installed in the cabin, the heater of great heat produceness, numerous options for transformation of the cabin (including the possibility of the overall of the hatch), make UAZ Buankka not only a reliable assistant in work, but also an indispensable companion when leaving for hunting, fishing and just in nature: the word for those places and Conditions where there is nothing to do without a full drive, good geometric patency and a roomy salon.
UAZ-452 history.
In 1955, the designers of the Ulyanovsky Automobile Plant were given a task to design a car with a carrying capacity of 800 kg on the GAZ-69 chassis. Since GAZ-69 had a short base, it was possible to place 800 kg of cargo possible only with the car layout clock. The prototype was developed in two versions: a truck with a wooden body and a all-metal van. On the roof of the car were made cross-ribs of stiffness, because of this, it resembled the chopped loaf of bread from above. From here the people went the name "Buanka". In 1958, the car went into mass production.
The first cars had an index and completed with GAZ-69 engines, a 3-speed gearbox and a 2-speed dispensing box. It was the first domestic car with a cabin over the engine. The UAZ-450 series was all-wheel drive. In 1961, a rear-wheel drive modification of the UAZ-451 appeared. From the all-wheel drive version, it was different only by the presence of a side door on van.
Serious modernization, the car was subjected in 1965. First of all, the car received a new GAZ-21 engine and a 4-speed gearbox. The design of the front is changed. The new model received the UAZ-452D index (on-board truck), the van was simply called UAZ-452, and the sanitary van - UAZ-452a. In addition, a 10-seater minibus UAZ-452B was designed. At the same time, the rear-wheel drive version was also upgraded, but no changes in the index, in addition to adding the letter "M", did not occur. The carrying capacity of these machines was increased to 1000 kg.
In 1966, the UAZ-452D car was awarded a gold medal at the Moscow International Exhibition of Agricultural Equipment. And on August 20, 1966, the Ulyanovsky Automobile Plant was awarded the Order of the Labor Red Banner. In 1974, on February 18, a million UAZ came off the conveyor. It was a van UAZ-452. Later, on February 16, 1976, the plant received the second Order of the Red Banner, and in November 1977 the UAZ-452 car received a quality mark.
Until the mid-80s, UAZ cars were released unchanged. Another modernization was made in 1985, the indices of cars were changed with it. On this history of the 452th model is exhausted.
Specifications UAZ-452
Massage of cargo transported on the platform, no more than 700 kg
The mass of cargo transported in the cargo compartment: from 400 kg to 1 ton
Number of seats: from 2 to 10 permissible total weight from 2500 kg to 3000 kg
Full mass of the towed trailer: with brakes 1500 kg, without brakes 750 kg Maximum speed: from 100 to 130 km / h
Fuel consumption (when moving at a constant speed): from 13 to 18 l / 100km Maximum lifting, overcome by a car full of mass: about 30 degrees (58%)
Depth of the overcome fusion: 0.5 m
Engine Model: UMPS-4213
Type: 4-stroke, with fuel injection
The number of cylinders: four
Cylinder location: row, vertical
Working volume: 2,89 liters
Compression ratio: 8.2
Maximum torque: 201.0 nm in the frequency range from 3000-3500 min
Modifications UAZ 452.
UAZ-452 - van, basic modification
UAZ-452A - a sanitary car, nasp with "tablet". The car was accompanied up to 4 stretcher or six on benches and one accompanying in both cases. The nurse did not provide for comfort when moving, the suspension remained from the standard model, but was the only sanitary machine capable of getting into the most distant places.
UAZ-452As - Sanitary car in the northern performance
UAZ-452AE - chassis for installing various equipment
UAZ-452B - a ten-month minibus of the wagon layout
UAZ-452D - truck with double cabin and wooden body
UAZ-452g - sanitary car, differs from UAZ-452a with a capacity
UAZ-452K - Experimental 16-seater three-axle bus, (6x4) (1973 g).
UAZ-452P - Sadel tractor
Universality and all-proven UAZ 452
Incompatible, it would seem that the features were reflected in the whole line of modifications of the UAZ: from the farmer to ambulance or nurse. A gasoline engine, manual transmission and a connected front-wheel drive are regularly installed on the car.
Watch on video UAZ 452:
Pros and Cons UAZ 452
The common pros and cons of the UAZ, as well as the details of the choice of a new or experienced UAZ are greatly described on the Weasebuk, and if you need a briefly, the garage is needed, and the ability + desire to twist nuts yourself: otherwise the car will be sufficiently costly in service.
I would like to draw attention to the difference between loaf from other oaks: the engine in the cabin (fresh paint was tritely heated and adhered to the drivers jacket, which were distilled by loaf from Ulyanovsk) + the complete lack of protection for the feet and the driver itself during the front collision. These facts should be considered when choosing a loaf.
Reliability UAZ 452.
In general, it is necessary to understand that UAZ 452 is the brainchild of the domestic auto industry. If you immediately accept this fact and do not try to treat UAZ as a foreign car that does not break and does not flow, then communication with UAZ immediately becomes easier and more honest: UAZ is quite simple, utilitarian machine that was not created for comfort and not for records Fireless operation: The task of the UAZ - accompaniment of the tank column on the march. Everything else is only attempts to like an army machine in a civil appearance. See even in the photo UAZ 452:
Maintainability of UAZ often pays off its low reliability and comfort.
There is also the opinion that Buanka, compared with other models of UAZ (for example, the Chanters and Patriots produced at the moment) are much more technically reliable, as they are manufactured for doctors and the Ministry of Emergency Situations, where reliability requirements are much higher than in a citizen . As far as this is true - we do not take judge.
