OJSC "RUSICH" KZT — Kurgan factory. This is a leading enterprise in Russia that manufactures heavy-class wheel transport equipment, intended for transporting large heavy cargo and equipment, as well as for installation on a variety of equipment.
« Rusich» KZT I started my story 50 years ago as a defense enterprise. At the present stage of development of the tractor " Rusich»Apply and as peaceful technology.
Many years of experience, continuous improvement of structures, the use of nodes and aggregates produced by the best Russian and foreign firms allow the plant to maintain a high technical level and competitiveness of products.
The use of diesel engines with a capacity from 425 to 650 liters. s., Hydromechanical gearboxes, constant drive to drive wheels, large diameter tires, independent wheel suspension make equipment " Rusich"An indispensable in heavy road conditions, and a wide range of operating temperatures from -50 to +50 degrees Celsius and the presence of comfortable and thermo-insulated cabins and effective means of maintaining the necessary temperature regime allow it to be operated in almost any climatic zones.
In the manufacturing program of the plant:
- motor trail-heavy trucks as part of a four-way all-wheel drive tractor KZT-7428. With diesel engines with a capacity of 500-650 liters. from. and semi-trailers with a lifting capacity of up to 80 tons;
- ballast heavy trucks KZT-74282. For transporting trailers with a complete weight of up to 75 tons. And towing aircraft weighing up to 200 tons;
- family of special chassis with a wheel formula 8 × 8, 10 × 8, intended for installation on them, oilfield, lifting and other technological equipment;
- motor trains - tanks with a capacity of up to 50 cubic meters. m.;
- chassis for installing rotary earthmoving and overpass equipment.
Bankruptcy
In the post-Soviet period, the company has repeatedly changed the owners and has repeatedly undergone a bankruptcy procedure.
Back in 2010, the Arbitration Court of the Kurgan region received a statement from OJSC "Energokurgan" demanding the recognition of financial bankruptcy OJSC "RUSICH" - Kurgan factory wheel tractors. D. M. Karbysheva. " Court definition of February 24, 2010 in relation to OJSC RUSICH - KZT External management was introduced for a period of 18 months, Alexander Vladimirovich Maslakov was approved by the External Governor. The external manager came to the conclusion about the impossibility of executing an external management plan to the deadline established by the court. In this regard, on March 17, 2011, Alexander Maslakov appealed to the Arbitration Court with a petition for the early termination of the external management procedure and the transition to the competitive production procedure. The Arbitration Court of the Kurgan region on April 28, 2011 recognized bankrupt OJSC "RUSICH" - Kurgan factory wheel tractors. D. M. Karbysheva. " According to the external control plan, some of the property was subject to implementation by holding an open auction.
Secret Cars of the Soviet Army Kochev Evgeny Dmitrievich
KZT-7428 (1988 - 1991)
(1988 - 1991)
Only after 25 years of production of MAZ-537 cars at the Kurgan plant, they finally appeared to them a decent replacement - the first tractors of the KZT-7428 of the fourth generation, which presented a combination of all previous cars. These works headed the new chief designer Yu. T. Butrov. Formally the basis of the new family was the option of KZT-7427, on which the new power unit and the cabin installed for the first time, although the 537th series remained its initial basis. Cars of Gamma 7428 were also intended to tow all typical semi-trailers weighing up to 70 tons and operation in extreme weather and temperature conditions, and, taking into account the experience of the Afghan campaign for them, the maximum height of overcome mountain pass was increased to 4000 m.
As with intermediate experienced machines, the main design innovations of the 7428 series also became the engine and a cab. They mounted a more economical car diesel engine YAMZ-8401.10 V12 (25.86 l, 650 hp) of liquid cooling with a turbocharger, a combined lubrication system with a "wet" crankcase, shielded electrical equipment and a number of new auxiliary aggregates. These include the electroplate preheater PZD-600A, a tank for preheating fuel, an additional oil cooler, an even more powerful 3-kil-coal generator and a single electrostar starting system. On vehicles stood a metal 6-seal sealed cabin with an increased roof location with a hatch, tilted forward with three windshields, folded side windows and upper quadrangular side windows. The first releases had the front amplifying brazers, since 1989, a solid welded wall of the cockpit was used since 1989. In order to increase strength, it was again 2-door, and the preserved outlines of the rear doors only simulated their real presence. In front of the cabin stood two individual trench seats for the driver and the crew commander, which had adjustments in length, height and tilt of the back. In the second row, four single seats were placed for the crew of towed techniques, which could be transformed into two beds. The cabin includes enhanced noise and thermal insulation, filtering installation, double glazing, two independent heating systems, light-protective curtains, radiation protection screens and brackets for personal weapons. The third and most recent original decision was replacing the longitudinal steel balancing levers of the rear trolley on multi-sized springs. From late experimental samples of the KZT-7426 series 7428, the automatic selection of the gap in the wheeled brakes and the two-circuit brake system was obtained. All other aggregates have practically not changed not only compared to the closest predecessors, but also with the first Minsk tractors MAZ-537.
The basic car of the new family was the Saddle tractor KZT-7428 without a winch, assembled in 1988 and had a load on the coupling device 27 tons. When using an elongated front Svet cabin reached 2984 mm, the overall length increased to 10,060 mm, the height is up to 3060 mm. All this could not but affect the weight parameters that significantly exceeded the values \u200b\u200bof the model MAZ-537G with a winch: Curb weight - 23.7 tons (+1.4 t), complete - 50.7 tons (+1 t), total weight MotorPost - 93.7 tons (+3 t). The maximum speed remained at the same level (65 km / h), the fuel control console rate returned to the early value (125 liters per 100 km), but the reserve of the course reached 1.5 thousand km, right, he took into account the contents of spare fuel tanks on the semi-trailer. Mouched road train overcame 1.1-meter ferrod and rises of steepness to 16?. The official warranty mileage of the tractor was at the level of 20 thousand km at a service life of at least five years. All other characteristics corresponded to the 537 series. The derivative seat 74281 was distinguished by the installation of a 15-ton winch with a cable length of 100 m and in general was an analogue of the machine 537. It weighed at 1.3 tons more than the base model 7428, and worked as part of road trains with a complete weight of up to 95 tons. Ballast tractor 74282 with a winch and a metal 3.2-meter platform from the machine 74261 also had all the parameters inherited from the 537A models and 537l, but was the hardest in the range of 7428 - 25.8 tons.
These three basic vehicles successfully passed acceptance tests, were adopted by the Soviet Army and in 1990 were formally enrolled in virtual serial production. The last new car brand of the Soviet period of the Soviet period in 1991 was a special tractor 74283 with a trapped device shifted by 345 mm. All these machines were the progenitors of the KZT-7428 families producing to the present time. Since then, it has been replenished with specialized military options with new aggregates and nodes that are now entering the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. In the early 1990s, such a rainbow future was seriously overshadowed by the start of the transition to commercial versions, thanks to which Rusich OJSC hardly managed to experience the times of economic reforms, the lack of military orders, the free market and remain afloat as part of a ruined domestic military automotive complex.
650-Strong Saddle KZT-74281 with a new two-row 2-door cabin. 1988
Ballast tractor KZT-74282 with a winch and a cab with a flat front panel. 1989
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By the seventies, MAZ-537 tractor, produced at the Kurgan Plant of Wheel Tractors named after D.M. Karbyshev (KZT, later - OJSC "Rusich"), began to obscure morally. Then the designers of the plant led by V.A. Piskarev - began work on improving the tractor. The main direction of work was an increase in engine power. Attempts to install on the car of tank diesel engines in B-38 (on KZT-545) and D-12A-650 (on KZT-7426), experienced cars have successfully passed tests, but they did not get into the series due to the small resource of the engines.
On April 6, 1978, the decree of the CPSU Central Committee and the CFS of the USSR No. 262 was published (supported by the relevant Order of Maintoprom No. 141 of June 6), entrusted to the KPT of the development of a family of promising tractors to work with a heavy trailer. Work on the creation of a tractor was headed by the chief designer V.P. Kosov. As a result, there was a car KZT-7427 with D-12Un-650 diesel engine produced by BarnaulTransmash. In 1985, acceptance tests began, in which two experienced Ballast tractors KZT-7427 took part. But the resource and this engine turned out to be insufficient - during normal operation, the tractor would have enough for a year.
Then it was decided to apply the YAMZ-8401 engine of the same capacity of the manufacture of the Yaroslavl Motor Plant. Further work on the improvement of the tractor headed the new chief designer of the village of Yu.T. Boat. Using the experience of creating KZT-7426 and KZT-7427, a new basic model was developed - KZT-7428. As a power plant, it was decided to use the YMZ-8401.10-04 engine, which by that time was already successfully applied to the career dump trucks of BelAZ-7540 and BelAZ-7548. In the late 1980s, KZT-7428 successfully passed all types of tests and was recommended in production.
The functions of the main bearing element took over the sparron frame, to which most mechanisms and systems are attached. As a power plant, a four-stroke twelve cylinder V-shaped diesel engine of liquid cooling NMZ-8401.10-14, which is located in the motor compartment behind the cabin. The engine is equipped with two turbochargers and an intermediate air cooling system. The air system has two filters with replaceable filtering elements. For reliable engine starting, there is a candle electro-torch EFC device.
For starting at temperatures below -15 ° C, the PZH-600 PZD preheater is used. The fuel supply is placed in two main pots of 420 liters. In the system, there is a heated flowable tank with a capacity of 60 liters. For pumping the fuel system, a manual PNM-1KU2 pump is installed. Transmission Hydromechanical, includes a hydrotransformer, three-speed planetary transmission, a two-step dispensing box and a hydraulic sequencer (used as an auxiliary brake system). On 2 and 3 transmissions, the torque converter can be blocked.
To increase the passability of intercoles differentials of the two front axles, both the mechanisms of increased friction, two rear - self-locking. Inter-semicircle differentials are blocked. Drive on all wheels with tires 18.00-24 "- permanent. The suspension of each wheel is independent, on transverse levers, torsion elastic elements and hydraulic shock absorbers. At the same time, two rear bridges are associated with a frame only with the help of longitudinal balancers. The steering mechanism is equipped with a hydraulic fluid. The brake system has a separate pneumohydraulic drive.
The two-row six local all-metal cabin provides the carriage of the crew of the transported technique. The cabin is equipped with heat insulation, a FIV, a dose level meter of the IMD-21B, double glazing, light-protective curtains on windows, two heating systems independently (one heater is associated with the engine cooling system, the other - autonomous) allowing the car to operate in almost any climatic zones (from -50 o C - up to +50 o C), brackets for fastening weapons.
In 1963, the Kurgan Plant, referring to the defense enterprises of the USSR, released a military car MAZ-537, which was a saddled octal tractor. The main purpose of the car was towing semi-trailers with a low frame, which were used to deliver large-sized cargo and tracked technology.
Birth of a new tractor
The development of the military industry did not stand still, the 537th tractor is quite quickly outdated and could no longer fulfill the necessary amounts of tasks. Therefore, the leadership of the country commissioned the KB Kurgan plant to create a new car. He headed the work on the project Yu.T. Butrov who held the position of chief designer of the enterprise.
The main focus of KB engineers tried to make an increase in the power of the tractor. Experienced samples (KRT-545 and KZT-7426) were decided to supply tank engines, however, due to the small resource of diesel engines from this idea, they decided to refuse. Works continued, and as a result, KZT 7427 appeared on the light with the engine released on BarnaulTransMash, which was marked D-12Un-650.
Testing the car took place in 1985. Two ballast experienced KZT-7427 tractors were presented to the Commission's court. But then the old problem surfaced - the new engine was able to withstand only the year of normal operation of the equipment, after which he would have taken overhaul. From such an engine, it was also decided to refuse, and the further development of the tractor was conducted in the direction of the use of the NMZ-8401 power unit, which was designed to the KB of the Yaroslavl Plant.
The new model of the tractor received the KZT-7428 index. As a power unit, the YMZ-8401.10 engine was installed on the car, which was already checked and well shown himself in practice. The engines of such a brand were installed on the career and 7548. The prototype of a new tractor is considered to be KZT-7427, but for the sake of fairness to say that the real basis for creating the car is the "old man" MAZ-537.
Characteristics of the car
As well as its predecessors, the new tractor was designed to tow the semi-trailers with a permissible mass of 70 tons. Equipped with two turbocharger, the engine was installed in a special engine compartment located right behind the cab. The power unit had 12 cylinders, possessed with a capacity of 650 liters. from. For fuel, two 420 liters tanks were provided and an additional 60-liter container, equipped with a heating system.
In addition, the car was allowed to be used in mountainous areas if the height of the overcome pass did not exceed 4000 meters. The guaranteed service life of the car was at least 5 years, subject to a run of 20,000 km. The maximum speed that traged could be 65 km / h at a 125 liter fuel consumption per hundred kilometers.
Transmission tractor
The basis of the entire design of KZT-7428 was a spiner frame. It was on her that all the elements of the car were mounted and hung.
To switch the speeds, a three-stage hydromechanical KP was used, equipped with a torque converter with the possibility of its lock, and a dispensing box with two steps. In order to increase the passability, a whole system of differential locks was installed in the transmission. In all bridges, automatic self-blocks were installed, the inter-sieve differentials were blocked manually.
KZT-7428 tractor was equipped with a separate drive for each wheel, with independent suspension and hydraulic shock absorbers. Traditional for other models Balancing longitudinal levers of the back truck were replaced with multi-ride springs.
CABKT-7428
A tractor cabin made of metal is designed for 6 people. Two front adjustable tight seats were discharged for the driver and senior car. The second row was intended for the crew of the technique located on the trailer platform. If necessary, it was possible to transform the seats in two seats for sleep. Cabins include:
- heat and noise insulation of reinforced type;
- two layers of glazing with light-grazing, implemented in the form of a curtain;
- installation for filtering and air ventilation;
- protection screens from radiation exposure;
- two heating systems with the possibility of independent work.
Externally, the cabin has 4 doors, but in fact the designers left the only two fronts opening. The rear remained only in the form of imitation. This decision was made to increase the strength indicators of the structure. All this equipment made it possible to exploit tractors with almost no limit on climatic zones. The guaranteed service life of the car was at least 5 years, subject to a run of 20,000 km.
Serial production
Passing the test and having received the approval of the Acceptance Commission, in 1990, Tractor entered the CA, its mass production was allowed. However, the mass release of cars did not happen. In the early 1990s, the countries at the beginning of the 90s led to the fact that the plant, passing the bankruptcy procedure, was transformed into an enterprise that received the name of Rusich OJSC. Despite all the difficulties, he still managed to survive economic straps and not drown as most defense enterprises. To date, the plant has established the release of various techniques intended for difficult operating conditions. Among the list, KZT-7428 "Rusich" tractor took its place, which became the basis for creating new wheel chassis KZT-8003, 8005 and 8014.
Tractors were always surprised by their power and impressive dimensions, but even among them there are such giants, at the form of which breathing freezes. I suggest your attention to take a look at the 5 most huge truck tractors that we are unlikely to see in real life.
KZT-7428.
Sadel tractor KZT-7428 came to replace the MAZ-537 tractor, which was released at the Kurgan Plants of the wheel tractor named after D.M. Karbyshev (KZT, later - OJSC Rusich). Dina Giant Monster was 10 meters, the width is almost 3 meters, and the height is 3.3 meters. 23-ton tractor can tow trailers weighing up to 75 tons, and all its eight wheels were leading. KZT-7428 is able to overcome not only the harsh off-road, but also a brother depth to 1.1 meters.
A two-rowed six-grade all-metal cabin provides the carriage of the crew of the transported technique. The rear row of seats can be transformed into two beds. The cabin is equipped with thermoshumoise, filtering installation, two heating systems independently from each other and allows you to operate the car in almost any climatic zones (-50 ° C .. + 50 ° C). In different years, four engines were installed on a truck: 8401.10-14 with a capacity of 650 hp, 240НМ1Б with a capacity of 500 hp, D-12A-525A from MAZ-537 with a capacity of 550 hp, as well as American CUMMINS KTTA19-C650 With a capacity of 650 hp. The average fuel consumption of the engines was about 125 liters per 100 km.
OSHKOSH M1070.
The agenous off-road tractor OSHKOSH M1070 is designed to operate intersections, including over the absolute off-road of any category in difficult weather-climatic conditions from - 50 ° to + 50 °. The design of the machine is optimized for hard operation and can carry out cargo weighing 80 tons.
The length of the M1070 is 9 meters, the height is almost 4 meters, and the curb weight is about 21 tons. American tractor M1070 is equipped with two power units: 12 liter Detroit Diesel 8V-92TA with a capacity of 500 hp and 18 liter Caterpillar C-18 with a capacity of 700 hp (seven-step automaton).
ELPHINSTONE HAULMAX 3900.
This huge monster called Elphinstone Haulmax 3900 is impossible to leave for ordinary roads. It is designed to deliver parts and heavy machinery in the quarry. The length of this Mahina is 13 meters, the width is 3.4 meters, and the height is 5.2 meters. ELPHINSTONE HAULMAX 3900 47 tons weighs. It can be towed to 183 tons.
To shift such a mass from the place, the 27-liter Caterpillar C27 ACERT engine is used, which gives 740 hp. and 3501 nm. The Haulmax 3900 has a 1000-liter fuel tank.
BelAZ 7420.
In 1973, the first road train-carv was out of 19 meters long, 5 meters wide and 4.6 meters high. BelAZ 7420, combined with a uniaxial semi-trailer of BelAZ-9590, was intended for the transportation of coal and other rocks from quarries. Gol, taken out at a time, could fill out two railway cars.
The full mass of the Belarusian giant was 217 tons, of which 120 had only for minerals in the bodies of the semi-trailer. On the usual roads of BelAZ 7420, of course, it cannot move, but the diesel power supply of 1200 hp helps on the careers. This tractor was established even a monument in the city of Neryungri, which in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
Nicolas Tractomas.
The huge tractor Tractomas serves to transport transformers from seaports at the power station in South Africa. Such cars, lined up in the road train, slowly go to the destination. The speed of such a trip is only 14-16 km / h. The weight of the road from 3 loaded machines is approximately 900 tons.
Nicolas Tractoma dimensions: 11 meters long, 3.48 meters width, 4.67 meters height. The five-axis tractor is equipped with a 950-power engine, which allows you to accelerate up to 62 km / h.
