Almost every label canister with motor oil you can find information about its viscosity class, specifications and admission of automakers. Let's try to decrypt the markings motor oils:
What can be on the label canister with butter:
- SAE viscosity class. One of the main quality characteristics of the oil is, as is known, its viscosity. It is from it that depends the degree of oil distribution over friction surfaces, and ultimately - the engine resource. For all-seated oils, the first digit (next to W) is a winter class, after hyphena "Summer" class. The smaller the numbers - especially liquid oil. From the class of viscosity, the correct engine lubrication depends, especially during the start and warm-up engine at negative temperatures. Liquid oil works better at negative temperatures and saves fuel by 2%. More dense oil is more reliable when engine overheats, in a hot climate and for old worn engines. The most common classes are safe for any engines: 5W-30 and 5W-40. Under the conditions of extremely low temperatures (-40 and below), oils 0W-20 and 0W-30 are recommended. For old and worn: 15W-40. Be careful with the oils of classes 0W-40 and 0W-50, they can be dangerous for your engine.
- Specifications. Specifications were invented to facilitate the choice of oil by car enthusiasts and professionals. When using oil on "its" specification, the wear and risk of the engine breakdown decreases, the "avar" of oil, fuel consumption decreases, the noise is reduced, the driving characteristics of the engine are reduced (especially when low temperatures), and also increases the service life of the catalyst, and the exhaust cleaning system. The most common classes (American and Asian gasoline engines from 2010 g) (oils with high operational properties for modern gasoline and lungs diesel engines)
- Tolerances of automakers. Among European manufacturers are also distributed a tolerance system. In the hierarchy of marking, admission stands on the highest stage. The presence of admission means that the oil in one form or another has passed the "quality control" inside the manufacturer of your car and is recommended to apply on certain models and under certain conditions. Examples of tolerances: MB-Approval 229.5,
- Barcode. Often, the label does not set the country of production, but according to the first diggers of the bar code you can always determine exactly where the oil is made. See the first digit table of the most common barcodes:
- Part number and production date.The party number is specified as a rule on the canister with oil (not on the label), it unique number Which is assigned party lubricant produced in one day on one stirrer. There may also include the date of production. Although the shelf life of the oils is as many as three years, it will not be superfluous that the product is not shifted. If you have suspicions in, you need to send a party number and photo labels to the manufacturer, in the overwhelming majority of cases of your appeal will consider and you will promptly receive an answer
- Pseudo-Arching.In most cases, motor oil manufacturers add a large amount of information to the label, which is not generally accepted standard labeling, but this oil must be allocated among others, show its advantages. Usually this marking has no technical roots And is the fruit of the creativity of marketers who exploit our errors. Examples: FULLY SYNTETIC, HC, cleansing, estant, with the addition of smart molecules, anti-wear, etc.
- Special categories of motor oils. There are engine oils, special mainly industrial applications. As a rule, these oils are seriously different from ordinary car differ in characteristics, they are not allowed to apply them. Examples: ship, aircraft, for gas-piston stationary engines, tractor oils.
Now consider these groups.
Viscosity Oil Marking
The viscosity of the oil is determined at high temperatures and high speed of shift surfaces, characterized by three indicators - dynamic, kinematic, as well as viscosity index. Let's say a change in dynamic viscosity shows how the engine oil will behave under pressure. It is measured in Pouas (P). Kinematic viscosity It characterizes the change in oil properties under the action of forces, for example, centrifugal, and is measured in centistoxes (CST) or in mm2 / s. But the viscosity index gives an assessment of the dependence of the viscosity of the oil from temperature. The wider the temperature range in which the necessary fluidity and viscosity of the oil must be ensured, the higher the index should be. Only then motor oil can be considered high quality.
According to the viscous characteristics of the oil, it is customary to be divided into all-season, summer and winter.
All season include classes oil:
SAE 0W-30, SAE 0W-40, SAE 5W-30, SAE 5W-40, SAE 10W-30, SAE 10W-40, SAE 15W-40, SAE 20W-40.
When labeling all-season oils, two viscosity numbers should be present, the first - viscosity at low temperatures, the second - at high.
Summer, most viscous, oils of classes:
SAE 20, SAE 30, SAE 40, SAE 50, SAE 60.
The number after SAE denotes the degree of viscosity than it is more, the greater the viscosity of the particular oil.
Winter, less viscous, classes oils:
SAE 0W, SAE 5W, SAE 10W, SAE 15W, SAE 20W.
In the symbols of winter engine oils, the letter W - Winter (Winter) should be present.
Specialized oils (summer, winter) Currently in the consumer market are practically not found, they gradually displaced all-season, but it does not mean that you can use any of the all-season motor oils offered on the market.
To properly choose oil for a particular engine, you need to consider a number of factors
1. Requirements of the manufacturer of the car outlined in the instruction manual (service book).
Engine design can be very different from each other. When developing new motors, designers are oriented on a certain viscosity of the oil. Therefore, W. different models - Different power of oil-grades, bandwidth diameter, Honinovka size, different parameters for heat removal. Therefore, before buying engine oil, look into the instruction manual, as a last resort, use one of the chambers of the oil on the Shell, Mobile website, Castrol, etc. All of them pick up the oil on the Orsollaler system, where the requirements of automakers and the selection of oils goes on them.
2. Climatic operating conditions of the car.
Everything is quite simple than colder temperatures ambientThe smaller the viscosity class of the engine oil should be (the number that stands after the SAE letters):
Approximate temperature limits of oil use different classes by SAE 3. Lifecycle and current status of the engine.
For for a long time The operation of the car gaps in the engine friction pairs is significantly increasing, which requires the use of more viscous oil to provide satisfactory pressure in the lubricant system. This is especially important in the summer when the car engine can be heated to maximum temperatures.
For older worn enginesThe resource of which comes to an end, recommend using motor oils, whose class is higher than the service book. This may be the SAE 15W-40 classes, SAE 20W-40, for completely old engines it is better to stay on classes: SAE 15W-50, SAE 20W-50. Attention, pouring an elevated class oil pay attention to the temperature. A viscous oil with a strong frost - it can not be a medicine, but a poison that will kill the engine.
4. Fuel economy or driving racing style?
If the savings are 1-2% important to you and in your service book, it is allowed to use low viscosity oils (0W-20, 5W-20, 5W-30) - pay attention to the brands of the oils of the SAE class. On the contrary, if the fuel economy you do not care and you like to squeeze the pedal to the floor, choose as thick oil as possible from the fact that it is allowed for your motor. Fat film between driving details - will reduce wear and prevent possible breakdownscaused by extreme operating conditions.
API and ACEA Specifications
In addition to the designations of viscosity, there are other letter notation on the labels beginning with letters. This marking leads its pedigree from the United States, which is why the requirements for pouring oil corresponding to a specific API class can be found primarily from American and Asian car brands. Letting the API marking decryption. API classification divides oil into two main categories:
- S (Service) suggests that this oil is intended for gasoline engines passenger cars, minibuses and small load trucks;
- Oil category C (Commercial) is used in diesel engines of commercial vehicles.
After the letter S indicates the "version" of the specification A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, L, N (Each improvement in the specification is indicated by the new letter of the Latin alphabet). As a rule, the later specification, the higher the level of the main operational properties of the oil. Only oils with the latest specifications are suitable for newest engines. At the expense of the opposite there are contradictory opinions. Despite the fact that the API assures in backward compatibility, many retro-automatic owners use the oils of early, and even canceled categories.
Standardized API Marking in United States After the letter C (diesel), the level of the main operational properties of the oil is indicated, which is indicated by the letters: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J. Additionally, after the letter, the digit indicates the type of diesel engine: 2 - Two-stroke, 4 - four-stroke. Currently, classes are mainly used: CF, CF-2, CF-4, CG-4, CH-4, CI-4, CI-4 PLUS, CJ-4. Oils at later categories, more expensive and designed primarily for cars with exhaust cleaning system (catalyst, EGR, diesel filter)
In the US, a certain type of marking API is required in the illustration. (1) - category API (2) Viscosity class (3) Designation - that oil is environmentally friendly / resource-saving. The API Special Commission regularly checks oil in stores, reveals and punishes marking violators, and those whose oil does not correspond to the level of the claimed specification.
In addition to the above, abbreviation can be present in the designation of motor oil - classification of the association of European car manufacturers. According to the specifics of this classification of oil, they are divided into three classes: a / b - for gasoline and diesel engines of passenger cars, C - for gasoline and diesel engines equipped with a catalyst, E - for diesel engines of trucks. An alphabetic designation follows a category - a figure that characterizes the level of basic operational properties this oil. Also at the end of the specification - the year of adoption of the category can be given.
Other specifications
Pretty rarely, mostly Japanese cars can meet specification Global DHD I.. Creating these specifications was an attempt to combine the requirements of the API and ACEA with the requirements of Japanese automakers. However, this idea did not receive a special development and the second version did not appear. For Japanese and Korean motorcycles, the specification is distributed . For 2-stroke engines (FA, FB, FC, FD, as the properties increase, and for clear MA and MB). For engine hydrocycles and snowmobiles - oriented to the specification NMMA.
Now you can easily understand the labeling features on the labels canister with engine oils. If nevertheless, something is incomprehensible and the questions remained - ask in the comments, I will definitely answer. Attention: due to the large number of automatic spam comments on premocodents, i.e. Your question will be published when I respond to him (I do it about once a week). If you want to receive an oil brand recommendation please specify a car model, engine characteristics (diesel or gasoline, volume, model, year), operating conditions, which oil is filled now, which recommendations are written in the service book).
ACEA (Eng. European Automobile Manufacturers Association) - Association of European Car Manufacturers. This abbreviation is denoted by the Community of Auto Producers from Europe. It includes fifteen firms producing engine oil in large volumes. Nine years ago, the community created a special standard, which allows to divide oils for cars to the subgroups, reminds GOST. SpecificationACEA classifies all oil fluids by their properties and parameters.
In the classification aCEA oils Consider three categories:
- The first includes oils intended for passenger cars, vans, minibuses.
- The second category includes lubricants, including a catalyst that restores spent gases.
- Oils from the third category are used in high-loaded diesel engines.
Class 1.
Any class entering the ACEA specification contains four groups of oils. Their marking consists of letters and numbers. The 1st grade includes lubricants A1 / B1, A3 / B3, A3 / B4, A5 / B5. These oils can be used for gasoline engines, low-loaded diesel engines, minibuses.
Removal designation on canister A1 / B1 have a large operational resource. Such consumables are minus, flowable. In detail to familiarize yourself with their characteristics, it is possible to look into the operational guidance attached to the car.
A3 / B3 are designed to fill in highly affiliated engines. Automal data can be used all year round. Automakers argue that they do not need to be changed.
ACEA A3 / B4 is suitable for filling in high-resistant DVS, which enclose the fuel injection system.
A5 / B5 can be used in highly affiliated motors to increase the replacement intervals. Such lubricants are sufficiently fluid, because of which they cannot be pouring into certain engines.
Class 2.
For highly affiliated motors, including the exhaust gas recovery catalyst, in the classification of motor oils by ACEA there is a special category. Oils that are included in it are used in MOX on gasoline / diesel. Lubricants prolong the operating period of soot filters and three-component catalysts.
C1 encloses the minimum number of sulfur compounds and phosphorus, have a small ash of sulfates. Oils are small, are intended to reduce the cost of fuel.
ACEA C3 for its own characteristics resemble C2, but more viscous.
C4 are similar to C1, but more viscous. The content of sulfur, phosphoric elements, the ash content of sulfates is minimal.
It is necessary to remember that the ACEA quality tolerances describe quite specialized lubricants that are intended for use in certain motors. However, this does not mean that you need to ignore the recommendations of the automaker. The manufacturer is best known which petroleum product is required to pour into its car.
Class 3.
Automas belonging to this class are marked with the letter E, poured into high-loaded motors on the diesel. They cannot be used in gasoline / gas engines. In addition to providing lubrication of parts, these consumables purify piston nodes. Commodally, they are poured into the engine, certified by Euro-1 / 2/3/4/5. Also, these lubricants increase the replacement intervals.
E4 make it possible to reduce wear of motor parts. The additive elements that are contained in them allow to reduce the formation of particulate sediments. In view of this car it is possible to apply in force aggregatesnot equipped with soot filter, but equipped with EGR, SCR. In this case, the lubricant provides a reduction in the concentration of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases.
E6 is similar to E4, but are intended for use in power units, including soot filters.
E7 polish engine spare parts internal combustion. They provide smoothness of piston cylinders. Lubricants are poured into engines that are not equipped with soot filters. The presence / absence of ERG / SCR does not matter.
E8 are used in power units equipped with soot filters. In its characteristics, these oils are close to E7.
Selection of cars
Choosing a fresh consumator for cars, first of all, consider the recommendations of the manufacturer of the machine. Before pouring into the car, the car, differing from the recommended, be sure to consult with an employee of the service center. Remember that, the bay in the engine of the unsuitable petroleum product, you give the automaker the right to refuse you in warranty repairs.
In order not to make a mistake with the choice, you need to understand how oil labeling decryl. To be able to fulfill the labeling is not enough, it is necessary to understand what the characteristics of a petroleum product. Get acquainted with the lubricant parameters, it is possible to look into special tables.
The ACEA specification can be considered only as a source of additional information on the form and characteristics of the machine. This standard designed to simplify drivers choice lubricating fluids. For example, if the lubricants recommended by your automaker are not in stores, you can pick up the other related to the same ACEA class.
Acea. - Association created by the largest European manufacturers (Alfa Romeo, BMW, Citroen, Peugeot, Fiat, Renault, Volkswagen, Daimler Benz, British Leyland, DAF).
It was founded as a result of the CCMC merge with ATIEL. The CCMC specification, which is currently replaced by ACEA, classify products as G for gasoline, PD for lungs and D for heavy diesel engines.
ACEA Specifications were designed to improve quality, performance and better attitude towards the surrounding environment.
Acceptance of ACEA specifications implies:
- Introduction to the operation of new innovation materials, in comparison with the currently used
- Analysis and certification of quality levels of each used formula
- The obligation of manufacturers does not make changes to the approved formulas
- ISO 9001/2 Factory Certification
- Consent of manufacturers with ATIEL standards, organization, together with CCMC identifying methods and parameters of the basis of ACEA certificates
Tests required by ACEA specifications are added to the CCMC formulated and make them more stringent.
The following letters classly class types:
[A] - gasoline engines
[B] - Light diesel engines
[C] - Fangs with devices to reduce the number of exhaust
[E] - Heavy diesel engines
Digital categories indicate various methods Applications associated with a certain class of engines specified by letters. The latest update of the ACEA specifications occurred in February 2002.
Responsibility for choice necessary category ACEA lies on the engine manufacturer.
Oils attached to a certain category can also comply with the requirements of another, but in specific engines The oil should be poured a certain category and class.
The reference for the year is only for industrial necessities, giving information about the level and quality of the materials used. More than fresh editions of the specifications mean that new tests were conducted or new requirements were introduced into the category. At the same time, the editors retain backward compatibility, new will always fully maintain the level of old, except when a new category is introduced.
Gasoline engines
A1 Oil for gasoline engines, low viscosity, friction and high temperature. These oils are not suitable for use in some engines. For more information, you need to watch the car service book. The oils that increase fuel savings are described.
A2. Canceled
A3. Stable oil for use in high-performance engines with an increased oil change interval, in which manufacturers of low viscosity oils and a wide temperature range
A4. Not used
A5. Stable oil with a constant viscosity, for engines with an increased oil replacement interval, which requires low viscosity oil and high use temperature. May not be approached for some types of engines, for more information you need to watch the car's service book.
Light diesel engines
B1. Oil for diesel engines of light machines that require low viscosity and friction oil and high operating temperatures. This oil may not be approached by some types of engines, for more information you need to watch the car's customer book.
B2. Canceled
B3. Stable oil for use in high-performance diesel engines for light cars with an increased oil replacement interval, in which manufacturers of low viscosity oils and a wide temperature range
B4. Repeats specifics B3, but for direct injection engines
B5. Stable oil with a constant viscosity, for diesel engines of light machines with an increased interval of oils, which requires low viscosity and high temperature oil. May not be approached for some types of engines, for more information you need to watch the car's service book.
Diesel buggers with devices to reduce the number of exhaust
C1. Stable oil, created for use in diesel engines, equipped with filters of exhaust solid particles, which also requires low viscosity oil, low ash and at HHS above 2.9. These oils increase the lifetime of solid particle filter and maintain fuel savings. Attention. Oil data is supported by a largest low ash contentment requirements and may not be approached for all bikes, for more information you need to watch car service book.
C2. Stable oil, created for use in diesel engines, equipped with extlined solid particle filters, which also requires low ash oil and HHS above 2.9. These oils increase the lifetime of solid particle filter and maintain fuel savings. Attention. Oil data is supported by a largest low ash contentment requirements and may not be approached for all bikes, for more information you need to watch car service book.
C3. Stable oil created for use in diesel engines equipped with extlop solid particle filters. These oils increase the lifetime of solid particle filter and maintain fuel savings. Attention. Oil data is supported by a largest low ash contentment requirements and may not be approached for all bikes, for more information you need to watch car service book.
C4. Stable oil, created for use in diesel engines equipped with fetal exhaust filters, which also requires low ash oil and HHS above 3.5. These oils increase the lifetime of solid particle filter and maintain fuel savings. Attention. Oil data is supported by a largest low ash contentment requirements and may not be approached for all bikes, for more information you need to watch car service book.
Heavy diesel engines
E1 Outdated.
E2. Oil for overall prizes in diesel engines, including superimposed, designed to work in normal and extreme conditions, with normal oil replacement intervals.
E3. This lubricant category provides effective care for cleaning the pole, reducing friction and nagar, as well as increasing the stability of lubrication. Also, this category is recommended for engines that meet EURO-I or EURO-II emissions in severe working conditions. It is also suitable for an enlarged oil replacement interval.
E4. Stable oils that ensure efficient care for cleaning the pole, reducing friction and nagar, as well as increasing the stability of lubrication. Also, this category is recommended for high-performance engines that meet EURO-I, EURO-II and EURO-III emissions in difficult working conditions, such as Silbly Increased oil change intervals
E5 Stable oils that ensure efficient care for cleaning the pole. It also ensures control of friction and the number of deposits on the discharge. The level of carbon monoxide and lubrication stability meets the Specifications E3. Recommended for high-power engines
E6. Stable oil, providing excellent purification of pistons, control over naigar and lubrication stability. Recommended for the highest efficient engines falling under the requirements of Euro I-IV by level harmful emissions and working in the most difficult conditions like a significantly enlarged oil change interval according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Suitable for engines with the exhaust gas recirculation system with or without particle filters, as well as for engines equipped with catalysts for the neutralization of exhaust gases. E6 specifications are especially recommended for engines equipped with particle filters and are designed for use in combination with diesel fuel Low sulfur content. Recommendations may vary depending on the engine, so if doubt you need to contact the service book.
E7. Stable oil, providing excellent purification of pistons and polishing cylinders. Provides a decrease in wear, control over naigar and lubrication stability. Recommended for the highest efficient engines that fall under the requirements of EURO I-IV in terms of harmful emissions and working in the most difficult conditions such as a significantly enlarged oil change interval on the manufacturer's recommendations. Suitable for engines with the exhaust gas recirculation system with or without particle filters, as well as for engines equipped with catalysts for the neutralization of exhaust gases. Recommendations may vary depending on the engine, so if doubt you need to contact the service book.
Types of motor oils - decoding of engine oil
Oil, which is called "Synthetics" (on the box is usually indicated as Fully Synthetic), has a synthetic base obtained by synthesizing chemical elements. The main differences between "synthetics" - the ability to set a number of parameters in advance, while creating the base of the oil, as well as the maximum content of various additives. Therefore, often such oils provide better protection and detergent properties, not much thick with severe frosts, withstand maximum operating temperatures.
« Mineralwood"(Often on the box designation Mineral), oil with a mineral base derived from oil by processing it, it is much cheaper. However, such an oil does not provide the same maximal operations as "synthetics" - it does not withstand such high temperatures, it thickly thick in the cold, it is oxidized faster and requires replacement, during boiling - leaves slags in the motor.
« Semi-synthetic"(SEMI-Synthetic designation) is a certain gold mediteral between the two previous oil species. Often the semi-synthetic is created on a mineral basis, but with the addition of a large number of different additives, bringing the operational properties of this oil to the "synthetics". At the same time, the "semi-synthetic" is somewhat cheaper than "synthetics".
Motor oil allocate two main parameters for which its classification is carried out - its area of \u200b\u200buse (diesel engine, old gasoline engine, modern turbo diesel, etc.) and viscosity-temperature properties. Despite the various bases of oils, they are all classified according to one standards. Today, the most popular classification by SAE and API.
Viscosity properties are classified only by SAE (SOCIETY OF AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERS) - in other words, it is sAE indicator Regulates how much it is "thick" or "liquid". Most of the oils today are "universal", i.e. Suitable for winter, and for summer use. Their SAE class is written by two digits through a hyphen, with the letter in the span w - for example 10W-40. Letter W means that this oil is suitable for winter use, and the figure in front of it is an indicator of low-temperature viscosity (roughly speaking - what frost will withstand this oil). The second digit is an indicator. high temperature viscosity (i.e., what summer heat is withstanding the oil). However, if the oil is only suitable for summer use, then its designation will look, for example, as SAE 30.
Decryption of motor oil - SAE numbers
Low-temperature viscosity indicators mean the following:
* 0W- The oil is suitable for use in frosts up to -35-30 degrees. FROM
* 5w- The oil is suitable for use in frosts up to -30-25 degrees. FROM
* 10w- The oil is suitable for use in frosts up to -25-20 degrees. FROM
* 15w- The oil is suitable for use in frosts up to -20-15 degrees. FROM
* 20w- The oil is suitable for use in frosts up to -15-10 degrees. FROM
High-temperature viscosity indicators mean the following:
* 30 - The oil is suitable for use with heat to + 20-25 degrees. FROM
* 40 The oil is suitable for use with heat to + 35-40 degrees. FROM
* 50 The oil is suitable for use with heat to + 45-50 degrees. FROM
* 60 Oil is suitable for use with heat to +50 degrees. C and higher
The smaller the number - the "fat" oil, the larger the figure - the more thick. Thus, the oil of 10W-30 can be used at ambient temperature from -20-25 degrees of frost, to + 20-25 degrees of heat.
Decoding of engine oil - Figures API
The oil use area is classified mainly by API (American Petroleum Institute) - the API designation is set two letters (for example, SJ or CF), the first of which denotes the engine type: S-gasoline motor, C-diesel. The second letter specifies the conditions for the use of oil - modern engine Or old, with a turbine or without. If the oil is indicated by the SJ / CF API means, it is also suitable for gasoline and for diesel engines of this category.
The designations of the API for gasoline engines:
* SC - Cars, Development until 1964
* SD - Cars, Development 1964-1968
* SE - Cars, Development 1969-1972
* SF - Cars, Development 1973-1988
* SG - Cars, Developments 1989-1994, For Hard Operating Conditions
* SH - cars, development of 1995-1996, for rigid operating conditions
* SJ - Cars, Developments 1997-2000, Better Energy Saving Properties
* SL - Cars, Development 2001-2003, increased service life
* SM - Development Cars since 2004, SL + Increased oxidation resistance
When changing the type of oil, by aPI classification You can only go "in the increasing", and change the class only on a couple of points. For example, instead of SH, use SJ, usually the higher class oil already contains the necessary additives of the "previous" oil. However, for example, switch to SD (for old cars) on SL (for modern cars) Do not - the oil may be too aggressive.
Designations API for diesel engines:
* CB - Cars until 1961, high sulfur content in fuel
* CC - Cars until 1983, working in difficult conditions
* CD - Cars until 1990, a lot of sulfur in fuel and difficult working conditions
* CE - Cars until 1990, Engine with turbine
* CF - Cars since 1990, with turbine
* CG-4 - Cars since 1994, with turbine
* CH-4 - Cars since 1998, under high US toxic standards
* CI-4 - modern cars, with turbine, with an EGR valve
* CI-4 Plus - similar to the previous one, under high US toxic standards
In Europe, the classification of oil on ACEA is often used ( European Association Auto-producers). In part, the requirements for oil qualities intersect with the requirements of the API, however, they are more stringent by a number of parameters. Oils for gasoline and diesel engines are denoted by the lettering "A / B" with a certain number after the letter. And the more this figure is the higher the requirements for the oil: for example, the oil with the ACEA A3 / B3 class also has aPI class SL / CF. However, using high-loaded turbocharged compact motors, Europeans are forced to develop and special oils with maximum protective properties and minimal viscosity (in order to reduce friction losses and improve environmental performance). For example, the ACEA ACEA A5 / B5 class for a number of parameters may be "cooler" API SM / CI-4.
There is also a classification of an ISLAC oil (international committee created by Americans and Japanese), but all ISLAC quality standards intersect with aPI standards. So, the ISLAC oil class GL-1 is used for gasoline engines and correspond oils API. SH, ISLAC GL-2 oils are used in gasoline engines And correspond to API SJ, well, the ISLAC GL-3, as it is not difficult to guess, are used in gasoline engines and correspond to the SL API. Also for Japanese diesel cars The Jaso DX-1 specification can be required, which takes into account the stringent requirements for the quality of motor oils for modern eco-friendly high-loaded Japanese turbo diesel engines.
Video: Are all engine oils are the same?
Watch the video about choosing and replacing machine oil.
Video: Motor oil composition.
Video clip about unique additive in engine oil.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v\u003dj6zt8_su3eq
Tags: Decryption of engine oil, figures SAE and API.
This is the Association of European Car Manufacturers. This organization was created to lobby the interests of automakers. One of the activities of ACEA was the issuance of requirements for the use of motor oils in engines of companies in this organization of companies.
To date, its membership is very impressive: BMW, Daf, Daimler-Crysler, Fiat, Ford, GM-Europe, Jaguar Land Rover., Man, Porshe, Psa Peugeot Citroen, Renault, Saab-Scania, Toyota, Volkswagen, Volvo.
The latest edition of the ACE motor oil classification was adopted in 2004. From this year, motor oils for diesel and gasoline engines of passenger cars in ASA are combined into one category. But, due to the fact that not all the latest cars, which are classified by the new edition of ASA, can be used in engines earlier releases, manufacturers of car oils still often write on the packages of engine oil assigned earlier grades of quality according to the previous revision of 2002 .
Please note that any machine manufacturer, which uses ACEA standards in its advertising and on packaging, must necessarily conduct the necessary tests according to the requirements of the organization responsible for matching the quality of motor oils ACEA standards.
What do the numbers and letters in the class ASA?
In the latest edition of ACEA (2004), the car is divided into three categories:
A / B. - Motor oils for gasoline and diesel engines. This category included all previously designed classes A and B (until 2004 a - auto-oil for gasoline engines, in - for diesel). To date, there are four classes in this category: A1 / B1-04, A3 / B3-04, A3 / B4-04, A5 / B5-04.
FROM – new Class - Automal for diesel and gasoline engines that meet the latest tightened ecology requirements exhaust gases EURO-4 (as amended 2005). These motor oils are compatible with catalysts and summary filters. Actually, it is the innovation in European environmental requirements and caused the reconstruction of the ACEA classification. To date, there are three classes in this new category: C1-04, C2-04, C3-04.
E. - Motor oils for loaded diesel engines of heavy vehicles. This category existed from the very introduction of a classification (since 1995). In 2004, cosmetic changes were made, 2 new E6 and E7 classes were added, and two other, obsolete class were excluded.
Description of classes and categories
| A1 / B1. | Oils intended for use in gasoline engines and lung diesel vehiclein which it is possible to use oils that reduce friction, oil visible at high temperature and high shear rate (from 2.9 to 3.5 MPa · c). These oils may not be suitable for lubricating some engines. It is necessary to be guided by the instruction manual and reference books. |
| A3 / B3. | Resistant to mechanical destruction of oils with high operational properties, intended for use in highly struxulated gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles and / or for use with increased intervals between oil changes in accordance with the recommendations of engine manufacturers, and / or for use in particularly severe operating conditions. , and / or the all-season use of low-viscosity oils. |
| A3 / B4. | Resistant to mechanical destruction of oil with high operational properties, intended for use in highly functionated gasoline engines and diesel engines with direct injection Fuel. |
| A5 / B5. | Resistant to mechanical destruction of oils intended for use with increased intervals between oil shifts in highly struxized gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles in which it is possible to use oils that reduce friction, low-viscosity at high temperature and high shear rate (from 2.9 to 3, 5 MPa · s). These oils may not be suitable for lubricating some engines. It is necessary to be guided by the instruction manual and reference books. |
| C1. | Resistant to mechanical destruction of oils, compatible with exhaust gas neutralization units, intended for use in highly affiliated gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles equipped with particulate filters and three-component catalysts. They are suitable for engines in which it is possible to use oils that reduce friction, oil visible at high temperature and high shear rate (2.9 MPa · s). These oils have the smallest sulphate ash content and the lowest phosphorus and sulfur content and may not be suitable for lubricating some engines. It is necessary to be guided by the instruction manual and reference books. |
| C2. | Resistant to mechanical destruction of oils, compatible with exhaust gas neutralization units, intended for use in highly affiliated gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles equipped with particulate filters and three-component catalysts. They are suitable for engines in which it is possible to use oils that reduce friction, oil visible at high temperature and high shear rate (2.9 MPa · s). These oils increase the life of the diesel particulate filters and catalysts and provide fuel savings. It is necessary to manage the instruction manual and reference books. |
| C3. | Resistant to mechanical destruction of oils, compatible with exhaust gas neutralization units, intended for use in highly struxulated gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles equipped with particulate filters and three-component catalysts, increase the service life of the latter. |
| C4. | Machines for diesel and gasoline engines corresponding to the latest tightened requirements for the ecology of EURO-4 exhaust gases (as amended in 2005). Resistant to mechanical destruction of oils compatible with exhaust gas neutralization units intended for use in highly struxulated gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles requiring SAPS (reduced content of sulfated ash, phosphorus, sulfur) and minimal viscosity at HHS (3.5MPA.s) equipped with DPF particulate filters and three-component TWC catalysts increase the life of the latter. |
| E6. | Resistant to mechanical destruction and aging oil, providing high purity pistons, low wear and preventing the negative effect of soot on oil properties. Recommended for use in high-speed diesel engines working in particularly severe operating conditions that fulfill the requirements of EURO-1, EURO-2, EURO-3 and EURO-4 by emission toxic substances, and workable with significantly increased intervals between oil change in accordance with the recommendations of automakers. They are applicable in the presence or absence of the particulate filters and for engines with the recycling of waste gases, with the system of catalysts for reducing oxides of oxides. Oils of this category should be used in conjunction with a small diesel fuel (sulfur content of not more than 0.005%). |
| E7. | Resistant to mechanical destruction and aging oil, providing high purity pistons, low wear and preventing the negative effect of soot on oil properties. Recommended for use in high-speed diesel engines working in particularly severe operating conditions that fulfill the requirements of EURO-1, EURO-2, EURO-3 and EURO-4 on emissions of toxic substances, and workable with significantly increased intervals between oil change in accordance with the recommendations of automakers. . They have high anti-wear properties, resistance to aging, prevent the formation of deposits in the turbocharger and the negative effect of soot on the oil properties. They are applicable in cars without particulate filters and in most engines with recycling of exhaust gases and a system of catalysts for reducing oxides of oxides. |
