When the programs are poorly switched, driving a car becomes not only unpleasant, but also unsafe. Consider the main reasons why there are poorly switching gears or do not switch at all. And since the box automatic and manual transmission are too much different, we will consider them separately.
If you have mechanics
Poor shifts by car with manual transmission for three reasons. The first of these clutch malfunction when it does not completely turn off (leads). The first sign of this malfunction - the rear gear is turned on with a characteristic crackle. The rear responds to this anomaly noticeable other gears, because it is the only one is not equipped with a synchronizer.
The second reason is the defect of the gearbox selection mechanism. And finally, the third is excessive wear of the synchronizers of the CAT.
Clutch faults, in which the transmissions of the manual transmission are also well switched: several:
Excessive wear of synchronizers preferably happens on those transmissions that include more often: this is usually the first, second and tie. The rear in this list does not fall, as it does not have a synchronizer. When you have poorly switching programs, and you assume that the reason for the wear of the synchronizers, firstly, the difficulties with this should be only on the go. Secondly, it switches in this case better if you use a double release.
Those who do not know what a double look. To switch to enhanced gear: squeeze the clutch, turn on the neutral, release and squeeze the clutch again, turn on the transmission.
Schedule in so called "helicopter" - one of the reasons for fuzzy transmission
To go to the lowered: Double Climb must be combined with the Peregazovka, that is, when the clutch pedal is released, and the box on neutral, you need to click and release the accelerator pedal. So shift the transmissions on the car whose box does not have synchronizers. If the box is switched easier using double squeezing, then faults are that the transmissions are not likely, most likely, worn synchronizers.
If the transfer is poorly switched when the car stands still with a plugged engine. A malfunction can only be in the gearbox selection mechanism.
Look for a breakdown in it or check the correctness of its adjustment. Do not even think on the clutch and synchronizers.
For those who have an automatic
If your machine is a gearbox machine. You will not prevent knowledge of modes in which your automatic can work:
The gearbox machine has an elder button on the switching lever with an O / D OFF inscription. When it is turned on, there is a prohibition of the inclusion, which increases the transmission of an analog 5 transmission of the manual transmission. That is, if your machine has 4 transmissions to move forward, then for more dynamic overclocking it will only use three lower gears.
On the malfunction of the PPC, the machine is much more difficult for those that are found with the manual transmission, and the chances of repairing it in their garage is small. But despite this something to know about her still needed at least in order to not harm it the wrong exploitation.
The gearbox machine is much more demanding to the accuracy of maintaining the oil level in it than the mechanics. It is very harmful both too low and an overly high oil level. Both can lead to her serious breakdowns. In both cases, oil foaming occurs. With a lack of oil due to the fact that the oil pump along with the oil begins to capture the air. With an excess of oil, it foams with rotating parts, which in this case are immersed in it. Foamed oil is better compressed and has a low thermal conductivity. Therefore, if the automatic with such an oil is exploited in its control systems will be low. That will lead to slipping friction and their intensive wear. The deteriorating thermal conductivity will not allow all excess heat to be distinguished. That in aggregate with low pressure will lead to the fact that the machine will fail and will require serious repairs. 
Foamed oil has a larger volume. Therefore, the oil check will show too high. If you find that the oil level has risen without visible reasons you need to drown out the motor and give oil to stand. After that, check the level. If it is low, you need to add the required porch without fears and repeat the check.
The oil level in the machine is checked using a probe or through the control hole closed by a plug.
How to check the oil level with the help of the probe
- Heat the oil to the operating temperature (for this you need to drive about 15 km).
Select to measure a smooth horizontal platform. Put the car to the handbrake.
- Conduct the lever selection of the mode of the box through all the positions, lingering in each of 3 to 5 seconds, before the automaton is triggered.
- Leave the mode selector in position P, and in this position determine the oil level.
- Do not shut down the engine to remove the oil dipstick, wipe dry and re-insert it into the tube until it stops, then pull out and count the readings. The upper limit of traces of oil on dry dipstick should be from the mark with the inscription HOT or on a plot with crossed notches.
To add oil in case of insufficient level, it is possible through the tube into which the probe is inserted. Do not forget that the automatic transmission is afraid of dirt, so tighten only pure new oil. Wipe the probe with a clean rag, from which the threads do not fall out.
Checking the oil level, pay attention to its appearance. Dark with the smell Gary Liquid says that in the unit is not all right. To begin with, try to change the oil and filter in the automatic transmission. ATF dairy color speaks about getting cooling fluid. The cooling fluid softens and inflates the material from which the frictions are made. Do not slow down with the replacement of such an oil, after removing the cause of antifreeze to the box, otherwise a significant damage will be caused by a machine. The coolant can be included in the box due to the leakage of the oil section in the cooling system radiator. In this case, the emulsion will be observed in the box, and in the engine cooling system. 
The most common malfunctions of the machine
- The car does not go forward movement back in normal. Possible causes: Wearing friction friction clutches, the defect of the piston of this clutch, breakdown the rings of the same coupling, jamming the hydroblock valves.
- There is no rear speed, there is only 1 and 2. Probable reasons: wear of the reverse clutch clutches, a malfunction of the piston of this coupling, damage to the slotted connection in the drum housing, another defect of this drum.
- No rear, everything works forward. Causes: Brake tape wear, piston malfunction of this tape or breakdown of its rod, braking package defects.
- No movement either forward, no back when you turn on any mode there is a push push, but the car stands still. Causes: The malfunction of the hydrotransformer, lack of oil, clogs the filter.
- Only rear, 1 and 2 transmissions are included. Causes: Valve jamming in the hydraulicone, low oil level, general wear of pistons and clutches of couplings of gears that do not turn on.
The clarity of the inclusion of gears and the operation of the entire switching mechanism is often worried about car owners with a manual box. A common problem is that after starting the engine, one or more gears turn on with a large force or not completely, there is no possibility to turn on the speed, at the time of inclusion, extraneous noises are distributed, extra vibrations appear, etc.
Such malfunctions appear unexpectedly, as well as difficulties when turning on the gear can grow gradually. Speeds can badly turn on "on the cold" and / or "on the hot." It is noteworthy that often transmissions in the manual transmission on a plugged motor switched normally.
Read in this article
Poor turns on the transmissions on the engine center: Possible causes
At the very beginning, it should be noted that the lack of ability to enable the transmission on an unused engine may indicate a serious fault of the CAT, which consists in the failure of synchronizers. The second reason may be the wear or breakage of the gear. It is also possible to encourage nodes and mechanisms responsible for the transfer of effort from the lever in the cabin on the checkpoint when the transmission is selected.
To accurately establish reasons, in the first case, you will need to remove the box for disassembling and subsequently defecting, in the second it is necessary to identify and replace broken nodes. In some cases, it is enough to carry out their prevention: removal, lubrication and thorough configuration.
As for the problem switching when running engine running, then in the list of most frequent faults mark:
- lack of transmission oil in the checkpoint;
- problems with the clutch mechanism;
Low oil level in gearbox
Insufficient amount of oil in the box makes the process of switching the gear extremely difficult, but the speeds should be turned on. With such a switch, a metal crunch is distributed, the box when driving on the transmission is started to noise and "sweep".
The complete absence of lubricant in the checkpoint will not allow switching transmissions, since without oil synchronizers will not be able to work properly, and also will not engage gears in the box.
Any manifestation of these symptoms requires immediate stopping the operation of the car and calibrate the level of transmission oil in the gearbox. It is also necessary to inspect the CAT for damage to the case, oil leaks through the glands and gaskets.
It should be noted that for MCPP many cars oil in a box from the factory is flooded for the entire service life. In practice, the replacement is recommended every 60-80 km. Run.
Clutch faults
If simply, the clutch is a mechanism that serves to transmit the torque of the DVS to the transmission, and also opens the engine and transmission so that the transmission can be switched. The failure of individual components of this node can make it impossible to switch the transfer to the engine manner.
Leakage brake fluid
The design of many modern cars assumes that brake fluid protrudes the working fluid for clutch. If the hydraulic clutch drive system does not turn out to be fluid in due quantity, then the grip will not be turned on completely.
Translations in this case will be tight or not turned on at all. For initial checks, take a look at the fluid level in the tank. With a low level, it is necessary to check for leaks, eliminate defects and pump the clutch.
In the event that the level of fluid is normal and other reasons are not detected, it will be necessary to remove the gearbox to inspect the clutch elements. Usually, when you try to turn on the speed and damage to this mechanism of loud crossed metal sounds, it is not distributed from the checkpoint itself.
The transmissions may not be turned on or on until the end in the event that the fault is associated with the clutch basket. Also, the cause can be a release bearing. In the event that the specified bearing moves along the primary shaft is not free or swapped it, then it is necessary to replace the part.
It is necessary to add separately that the primary sign of the problems with the release is the appearance of a row or a distinct hum on the car head. The noises are manifested exclusively at the moment when the clutch pedal is squeezed to the floor. Such foreign sounds may be present both on a cold car and on a heated. After the clutch pedal is released, the noise must disappear. The clarification of the release will not allow the clutch, which complicates the gear shift, and can also lead to rapid wear and destruction of other elements of the clutch mechanism.
Basket malfunctions are often associated with critical wear of petals. Worn means the basket ceases to perform its functions with heating. Increased temperature leads to the fact that through the clutch basket, it is not possible to completely remove the pressure disk. The result becomes hard to switch speeds after a small engine warming.
After the box is removed, it is necessary to inspect the basket for deformation, traces of overheating and other defects. In case of detection, the element is subject to mandatory replacement.
Another reason that the transmissions are not included on the machine or turn on with an effort, there may be a wipe clutch disc.
After analysis, it is necessary to inspect the friction pads on the disk. They should not be critically worn, burnt or damaged, disk deformation is also not allowed. Additionally, the clutch inspection process requires a diaphragm springs. After replacing the clutch elements of the clutch, during the subsequent assembly, it is necessary to poison well, and the grip must be pumped.
Read also
Turnover and motor engine. Disadvantages of driving at low and high revs. At what number of motor turns ride the best. Tips and recommendations.
The rear rate is rarely turning on the first time, and the process itself is accompanied by a crunch? With such problems, the owners are faced not only models of Lada Priora, Kalina and grant, but also modern cars Lada Vesta and Xray. Tell me what is the reason for this ailment.
The feature of the rear transmission on Lada cars is that it does not have synchronizers. Therefore, the problem of turning on the rear velocity is most often related to the fact that the gear hits the tooth.
What if the rear is not turned on:
- If you feel that the rear speed did not reach, release a slight clutch, the gear will move, and the lever of the gearbox will be inserted to the end.
- After pressing the clutch, try to turn on the rear transmission after 2-3 seconds.
- Try to squeeze the grip and translate into neutral, then release the clutch, and then squeeze and turn on the back.
- Try to turn on the rear transmission through another speed. For example, first a 4th or 5th gear, and then rear.
Sometimes to solve the reverse transmission problem helps replacement of transmission oil.
Articles about Tuning Lada Xray
Some Lada owners write that the gearbox began to work normally only after a certain run (3000-5000 km).
Another reason for the poor turning on the reverse transmission to Lada Vesta is the injection of moisture for the flow of the gear shift mechanism (in the engine compartment).
If none of the tips helped solve the problem, seek help to the official dealer (perhaps the problem in the CAT). Have you come across similar cases? How did you manage to solve the problem?
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Year of issue: 2014.
Asks: Anonymous.
Essence of the question: After replacing the oil in the gearbox, the second gear does not turn on?
I have a grant purchased in 2014, after replacing the oil, the second gear is turned on. Oil changed to the checkpoint. It was also noticed that sometimes not working. He, too. Question: What is why the second speed does not turn on the grant? I also wanted to know if the sensor could be changed.
Bad gears turn on, we know why
As for the first question, everything seems to be clear here. The viscosity of the "new oil" was lower than it was. Therefore, on high revs, switching must be performed "with a pause".
The Following Two Tabs Change Content Below.
Francois "Owner with experience"
Car enthusiast with great experience. At first there was a VAZ-2107, then the Russian front-wheel drive, then foreign cars, were even right-handed. I try to fully watch and listen to the "Doctor" and listen to the car. Each of his vehicle I give my name.
Explanation of the inclusion of transmission to Lada Grant
The 81th box has a feature: gear ratios in steps 1 and 2 differ in the maximum. When switching, it is necessary to wait when the primary shaft slows down. And he began to slow down after replacing the oil became worse, to which there may be reasons:
- Nothing (albeit small);
- Low viscosity.
Suppose, on Kalina 2 or on the grant, the second speed turns on, and the owner decided to fix everything - to increase the oil level or replace again. The first option looks more reasonably. But with the replacement it is better to postpone: maybe the defect will stop manifest itself. The bottom line is that the oil will be gradually thick.
To control turn over the top cork
On the box 2181, the oil level control is difficult (see photo). The filling volume is 2.2-2.3 liters.
Exceeding the filling volume leads to the destruction of the seals. Be careful!
Case from practice
After replacing we go like this:
- On the first motor, do not twist up to 3000 rpm - go to the second "with a pause";
- You can move before, then "pause" is reduced.
Over 3000 turns and without a long pause, the transition "1-2" is excluded.
Video example: synchronizer does not save
Diagnostics and Speed \u200b\u200bSensor Replacement
Let's start responding to the last question. Never, under no circumstances attempt to unscrew the fastening of the speed sensor. It is fixed on the CATER CARTER and there is access to it. But this does not mean that the sensor is replaced easily.
Speed \u200b\u200bsensor on the box 2181
Even when installing an "old" sensor, it will not be possible to achieve complete tightness. The oil will gradually leave the crankcase, and his tank in the PPC 2181 is difficult.
So, the reader understood: dismantling the sensor is prohibited, even if it is removed not to replace.
