The classification of motor oils in ACEA allows motorists and professionals to navigate the market and choose suitable products from tens of thousands of proposals. Everyone high-quality oil Tested for compliance with the International Standard.
ACEA (Association Des Constracteuis Europen Des Automobiles, Association of European Auto-Engineering) is a large organization consisting of the most authoritative car manufacturers in Europe. ASEA standards are international. Oil tolerance (ACEA C3, C2, A2, B3, etc.) indicates the applicability of the composition to the components with those or other characteristics.
About standard
Initially, the world existed the API specification (American Petroleum Institute). However, other operating conditions of cars in Europe, continuous development of technologies, constructive differences from american machines Forced manufacturers to create their tolerances of motor oils. In 1996, the first edition of standards was published european Association. Soon the standard became international.
In 2004, the classification has changed. If the standardization was previously passed separately under diesel and gasoline engines, since 2004, oil brands were combined. ASEA A1 / B1, ASEA A3 / B4, and so on. The first pair of letter / digit means the level of characteristics of the gasoline motor, the second - diesel. Oils applicable only for diesel engines or only for gasoline DVS (for example, AEA A3, ASEA A5 or ASEA B5), are not issued today.
The ASEA specification is divided into 4 groups:
Each group has 5 categories indicated by numbers from 1 to 5. Lubricants from them differ in operational properties, compositions.
Marking and their meanings
The editorial office stands out:
- 4 categories of lubricants for gasoline engine and diesel engines of passenger cars / low-loaded equipment (ASEA A3 / B4, A1 / B1, A3 / B3, A5 / B5);
- 4 categories - for diesel engines of heavy equipment (from C1 to C4);
- Grade 4 - for motors with cleaning systems exhaust gases (E4, E6, E7, E9).
Below you can find the decoding of the ASEA specification for different engines. For convenience, the description is divided into groups for purpose.
Class A / B: for gasoline μs and low-loaded diesel engines
A1 / B1 - compositions for gasoline and diesel engine, in which an extended oil replacement range is provided. Provide low friction at high temperature and shift speed up to 3.5 MPa / s.
A3 / B3 - Lubricants for high-performance petrol engines, Diesel passenger cars. Designed for an extended replacement interval, use throughout the year, providing normal conditions the work of the DVS In severe conditions for him.
ASEA A3 / B4 - for engines with direct injection Fuel. Replace A3 / B3 oils. ASEA A3 / B4 class products are energy-saving, reduces fuel consumption.
ASEA A5 / B5 - for high-performance diesel engines, gasoline engines. Provide low friction coefficient at high temperatures, high shift speed. You can apply instead of class ASA A3 / B4 lubricants.
Class C: for internal combustion engine with sump filters and catalytic neutralizers
C1 - Composition for motors with summary filters, three-component catalytic neutralizers. Extends the service life of the exhaust gas purification system. Provides normal conditions Works in complex operating modes: at high temperatures, shift speed up to 2.9 MPa / s.
C2 - oil for high-performance diesel engines, gasoline engine. Differs from the previous type of content of various substances.
C3 - Low sulphate lubrication. It has a low viscosity at high temperatures, shifts speed up to 3.5 MPa / s.
C4 - Low sulphate lubricants, low sulfur and phosphorus. Have a minimal viscosity at high temperatures and shift speeds up to 3.5 MPa / s.
Class E: For powerful diesel engines, special equipment
E4 - compositions that ensure the purity of the pistons. It is recommended to apply for diesel engines that meet EURO-1-EURO-5 ecology standards working in difficult conditions (high loads, long-term work). Substances are applicable to the technique in which the extended service interval is provided. This specification of motor oil does not imply compatibility with the particulate filters. Compatibility with recycling system must be specified for each specific model Auto.
E6 - lubricants compatible with the particulate filters, exhaust recycling systems. Recommended for cars operating on low sulfur fuel.
E7 - compositions for DVS without particulate filters, but with exhaust recycling systems, reduce nitrogen oxide levels.
E9 - products with a similar previous scope of application, but with more stringent requirements for the composition. Used on the most modern machines.
Other standards: differences and similarities
The classification of ASEA is not the only one in the world. The standards of API and ILSAC are also generally accepted. In the CIS countries, lubricants are brought into line with GOST. But this standard does not use when choosing an oil, trusting international classifications.
API.
The American Oil Institute shares all the foundations on which lubricants are made for 5 groups. They are shown in the table below.
| Group | Description |
|---|---|
| I. | Mineral oils obtained by removing paraffins, sulfur, oil aromatics. The base contains less than 90% of saturated compounds. The viscosity index ranges from 90-100 units, the sulfur content is less than 0.03% of the volume. |
| II. | Products with low aromatics and paraffins. Different with increased oxidative stability - retain their properties even at high temperatures. The viscosity index ranges from 100-120 units., Sulfur content is less than 0.03% of the volume. Contains more than 90% of saturated compounds |
| III | Base C. high index Viscosity. Created with help modern technology - catalytic hydrocracking. The viscosity index is more than 120 units, the sulfur content is less than 0.03% of the volume. Contains more than 90% of saturated compounds. Provides creating more durable and resistant to film temperatures than previous types products. |
| IV | The synthetic bases created by mixing polyalphaolefins (PJSC) with polyethylene glycols (PAG). They differ in oxidative stability, a wide range of use temperatures, high viscosity. |
| V. | Naphthenovy, Esters, aromatic, vegetable and other oils that have not included in previous groups. |
S - Quality categories for gasoline engines; depending on the basis and package of additives, conclusions are made regarding the applicability of the finished composition to the machines of certain annual releases. ASEA Classification divides all lubricants into 4 categories, API - by 2:
- S - Quality categories for gasoline engines;
- C - standards for diesel engines.
Each standard contains 2 letters. The first indicates a group (s or c), the second is the year of production of the car to which the oil is applicable.
API is an American standard, but it is recognized worldwide. Therefore, the class on this standard can give European oil.
Ilsac
ILSAC (International Committee on Standardization and Approbation of Motor Oils -INTERNATIONAL LUBRICANT STANDARTIZATION AND APPROVAL COMMITTEE) - an organization established by American and Japanese Associations of car manufacturers (Aaama and Jama). It is clear from the name that it is engaged exclusively by motor oils in contrast to the associations described above. The Committee tightens existing oil tolerances on the basis of its own studies.
Increased requirements are presented to the following characteristics:
Today, the classification of oils divides all the compositions for 5 categories:
Classification oil Acea, API, ILSAC is an important design selection criterion for a car. It is always necessary to compare the requirements for the manufacturer of the car with the lubricant marks indicated on the package.
In the early 90s, the bulk of the market North America It was occupied by vehicles produced in Japan and the United States.
It is thanks to these manufacturers that new standards in the field of motor oil certify - International Lubricant Standardization and Approval Committee, Ilsac began to be formed.
The name is deciphered as "International Committee for Standardization and Testing of Motor Oils". The creators of the Committee of Steel Aama are the Association of Manufacturers of America and Jama - the same association from Japan. The Committee then entered the API, and today does approve the newest categories Quality Oils Eolcs.
Than ilsac useful for consumers
Often, ILSAC is considered as one of the categories API, although it can be used independently.
ILSAC is, first of all, another additional control between the manufacturer and the consumer, which is very profitable and convenient for car owners. But what qualities determines this category? These include:
- Reduced viscosity - 2.6-2.9 MPa required for engines with increased power;
- Increased stability to shear deformations ensures the performance of the composition at elevated pressure;
- Reduction of fuel consumption;
- Low phosphorus content in fuel, so that the durability of catalysts is ensured;
- Excellent filterness even at reduced operating temperatures;
- Low volatility, that is, minimal evaporation;
- Reduced foaming.
All these characteristics are confirmed by complex laboratory studies, including ASTM I-IV, ASTM, Sequence Via, General Motors.
What categories offers ILSAC
The categories here are marked as a GF digit and define five groups:
- ILSAC GF-1 - since 1996, today is considered obsolete. Completely coincided in terms of the SH API, where they are presented motor oils with viscosity on SAE 0W30, 0W40, 0W50, 5W30, 5W40, 5W50, 5W60, 10W30, 10W40, 10W50, 10W60;
- GF-2 - C 1997Ceables API SJ with SAE 0W30 viscosity classrooms, 0W40, 5W20, 5W30, 5W40, 5W50, 10W30, 10W40 and 10W50;
- GF-3 - from 2001 as the SL API. Here are eco-friendly, economical engine oils with excellent anti-wear properties and resistance to oxion, which can guarantee engine performance even with extremely high loads. The corresponding category oil is obliged to be energy saving;
- GF-4 - from 2004, like API SM and regulated viscosity classes SAE 0W20, 0W30, 5W20, 5W30, 10W30. Energy-saving indicators are required. Moreover, the fuels of this category is highly resistant to oxidation, they have improved detergents, the least prone to the appearance of deposits. These oils are well suited for catalytic systems that restore the spent gases;
- GF-5 - introduced in 2010 together with the SN API. Everything performance features Motor oils are tightened to the limit. Increased replacement intervals and excellent detergents are also characterized. It is this oil that takes as the basis of the designers of engines of the future. They are compatible with elastomers and are perfectly protected from DVS contaminants with turbocharging.
By the way, the Motor oils of the ILSAC GF category from 1 to 5 groups are certainly all-season. 
Classification of motor oils. API, ILSAC, ACEA. Branded tolerances automakers. Recommendations for the selection of oil.
Motor oil selection for concrete Engine The case is not easy. An error in choosing can cost very expensive! The motorist has two ways here: choose or trust auto repair. But in the car service, too, people who may be wrong. In order to eliminate errors in the selection of engine oil exist standards.
There are several standardization systems for engine oils. The SAE J300 system, which regulates the only characteristic of the engine oil - viscosity, was discussed earlier. Now about the operational classifications. The first international, truly operating system has become API (American Petroleum Institute). It still remains the most common. The simplicity and cleverness of this system is that over time new standards are being developed, and the old ceases to be relevant. Moreover, each new classification tightens the requirements for engine oil, which means the higher the standard, the better the oil.
API classification Units all motor oils into two categories:
S. (Service) - oils for gasoline engines passenger cars, light trucks and minibuses.
C. (Commercial) - oils for diesel engines.
Each category is broken into classes. The higher the class, the higher the level of oil requirements. Thus, the oil is denoted by two letters. The first is the category, the second - class. For universal oils, double labeling is used, for example: SL / CF.
It makes no sense to consider outdated classifications.
For gasoline engines The following classes are used today:
SJ. - oils for gasoline engines that meet high requirements for oil consumption in the engine. Promote fuel economy. Designed for cars since 1997 releases to 2001.
SL. - introduced in 2001. Tightened the requirements for the protection of components that reduce harmful emissions. Improved energy-saving oil properties.
SM. - This oil class is approved on November 30, 2004. Such oils have better detergents, dispersing and anti-wear properties. Classified as energy saving.
SN. - Classification of oils for this standard began from October 1, 2010. Today it is the newest class on the API. It introduces the norms to limit the amount of phosphorus to increase the resource for the neutralization of exhaust gases. SN class oil is a resource-saving.
For diesel engines:
CF. - oil for diesel engines with a separated combustion chamber and operating on sulfur fuel.
CF-4. - Classification replaced outdated CE
CG-4. - Designed for diesel engines of high power. They have improved (compared to CF-4) detergent and anti-wear characteristics. Can be used with a small-sized fuel (less than 0.05%).
CH-4. - oil for diesel engines working on a small-sized fuel. For engines that comply with toxic emission standards introduced in the United States in 1998. The oil of this class is designed for an enlarged interservice interval.
CI-4. - For high-breasted, four-stroke diesel engines. Such oils are designed for use in engines with exhaust gas protection system (EGR). In terms of properties are superior classes API CH-4, CG-4, CF-4.
CJ-4. – New Class. Commissioned in 2006. The quality exceeds all previous classes. Designed for diesel engines running on fuel with a reduced sulfur content.
Attention! When using a fuel with a sulfur content of more than 0.0015%, interservice intervals need to be reduced (in agreement with the car manufacturer).
The minus is that engines different manufacturers (and sometimes one) can differ quite strongly for technical execution. So, and the requirements for motor oil in such engines will be different.
IlsacINTERNATIONAL LUBRICANT STANDARDIZATION AND APPROVAL COMMITTEE) - was created jointly by American and Japanese automakers associations. This committee issues the quality standards of motor oils for petrol engines of passenger cars. The first two classes (GF-1 and GF-2) are outdated and today does not apply.
ILSAC GF-3 - introduced in 2001. It practically duplicates the API SL, but with a limitation of high-temperature dynamic viscosity, that is, it is energy-saving.
ILSAC GF-4 - Oils are also energy saving. They are compatible with the neutralization systems of exhaust gases and provide improved wear protection. The level of requirements corresponds to the SM API.
ILSAC GF-5 - Used from October 1, 2010 and corresponds to the SN API. Compared to GF-4, it provides work with type E 85 biofuels. Compatibility with elastomers has been improved.
The greatest distribution classification of ilsac Received in Japan.
Acea.. In Europe, neither ILSAC nor an API is practically used. In 1996. Acea. (Association of European car manufacturers) introduced a new classification of motor oils, which is applied today. But the structure of ACEA standards is different from the API and ILSAC because the outdated classifications are not replaced with new ones, and specify and complemented regularly. Today, the latest revision of the ACEA 2012. New editions were produced in 2004, 2007, 2008, 2010 and 2012. Changes in standards are dictated by the introduction of new technologies in the manufacture of engines, and also take into account the requirements of international environmental organizations and norms. Today ACEA is the most complete and flexible system of the classification of motor oils. It practically does not apply in the Asian and American market. Modern trends are such that car manufacturers are combined into transcontinental holdings, and it is possible that on other (not European markets) the role of ACEA will increase.
The ACEA standards system subdivides all engine oils into three classes:
A / B. - oils for gasoline and diesel engines of passenger cars.
FROM - oils for gasoline and diesel engines of passenger cars corresponding to the latest, tightened requirements for the ecology of EURO IV exhaust gases (as amended in 2005). These oils are compatible with catalysts and diesel filters.
E. - oils for high-loaded diesel engines trucks and commercial vehicles.
ACEA A / B Class It has four categories (A1 / B1, A3 / B3, A3 / B4, A5 / B5):
A1 / B1. - Energy-saving oils. Resistant mechanical destruction, designed to use with increased substitution intervals in gasoline and diesel engines passenger and light trucks vehicledesigned to use low-grade oils that reduce friction with hTHS viscosity 2.6 MPa * C for SAE XW-20 and from 2.9 to 3.5 MPa * C for other viscosity classes. These oils can be unsuitable for use in some engines. It is necessary to be guided by the prescriptions of the car manufacturer.
A3 / B3. - oils with high operational properties intended for use in highly functionated gasoline and diesel engines of passenger and light trucks. Can be used in engines with increased oil replacement intervals in accordance with the recommendations of engine manufacturers. HTHS\u003e 3.5
A3 / B4. - oils having stable viscosity and high performance properties. High-performance oils intended for use in highly structural gasoline and diesel engines with direct fuel injection, system COMMON RAIL. or pump-nozzles. Also suitable for use according to the A3 / B3 specification.
A5 / B5. - Energy-saving oils. Resistant to mechanical destruction are intended for use with increased replacement intervals in highly structural gasoline and diesel engines of passenger and light trucks designed to use low-viscosity oils that reduce friction, with viscosity of HHS 2.9 to 3.5 MPa * C for other classes Viscosity. These oils can be unsuitable for use in some engines. It is necessary to be guided by the recommendations of the car manufacturer.
Class ACEA C. (Low Saps). Oils for engines equipped with systems neutralization of exhaust gases. This class also has four categories (as early as 2012):
C1 - energy-saving oils with low sulfur, phosphorus and low sulphate ash content (Low Saps). Compatible with exhaust cleaning systems (TWC and DPF). Designed for use in highly confined gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles in which the use of low-viscous oils that reduce friction, and the viscosity of HTHS\u003e 2.9 MPa * p. They are characterized by the most stringent requirements among Low SAPS oils on sulfur content (<0,2%), фосфора (<0,05%) и сульфатной золы (<0,05%). Эти масла увеличивают срок службы сажевых фильтров (DPF) и трехкомпонентных катализаторов (TWC), а также обеспечивают экономию топлива. Данные типы масел имеют низкий показатель SAPS и могут быть непригодны для использования в некоторых видах двигателей. Необходимо руководствоваться инструкцией по эксплуатации производителя.
C2. - energy-saving oils with low sulfur, phosphorus and low sulphate ash content (Low Saps). Compatible with exhaust cleaning systems. Designed for use in gasoline and diesel engines of passenger cars, in which the use of low-viscous oils that reduce friction, and the viscosity of HTHS\u003e 2.9 MPa * s. These oils increase the service life of the particle filters (DPF) and three-component catalysts (TWC) and ensure fuel savings. These types of oils have a low SAPS indicator and may be unsuitable for use in some types of engines. You must guide the manufacturer's instruction manual.
C3.- Category oils having a stable viscosity and low sulfur, phosphorus and low sulphate ash content (Low SAPS). Compatible with exhaust cleaning systems. Designed for use in gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles. The most popular category among Low Saps oils. HHS\u003e 3.5. These oils can be unsuitable for use in some engines. You must guide the manufacturer's instruction manual.
C4. - oils having a stable viscosity and low sulfur content, phosphorus and small sulphate ash content (Low Saps). Compatible with exhaust cleaning systems. Designed for use in gasoline engines and diesel engines of light vehicles. The category was first introduced in the 2008 revision. These oils are characterized by the most stringent requirements among the oils of Low SAPS for evaporation (<11%), содержанию серы (<0,2%) и сульфатной золы (<0,05%). HTHS > 3.5. These oils increase the service life of the particulate filters (DPF) and three-component catalysts (TWC). These types of oils have a low SAPS indicator and may be unsuitable for use in some types of engines. It is necessary to be guided by the recommendations of the car manufacturer.
Classification ACEA for trucks:
E4. - Oils of increased stability for use in high-speed diesel engines of trucks that meet the requirements of EURO I, EURO II, EURO III, EURO IV and EURO V, which work in particularly severe operating conditions, for example, significantly increased oil replacement intervals. Provide excellent purity of pistons, depreciation and planting. Oils are applicable to engines that are not equipped with particulate filters (DPF), as well as for some engines equipped with exhaust gas recirculation systems (EGR) and selective catalytic recovery system (SCR NOX) to reduce the level of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases.
E6. - Increased stability oils for use in high-speed diesel engines of trucks that meet the requirements of EURO I, EURO II, EURO III, EURO IV, EURO V and EURO VI, which work in particularly severe operating conditions, for example, significantly increased oil replacement intervals. Provide excellent purity of pistons, depreciation and planting. Oils are recommended for engines equipped with particulate filters (DPF) and fuel-based sulfur.
E7. - oils having a stable viscosity and high performance properties that ensure the purity of the pistons and preventing the polishing walls of the cylinders. Oils also provide improved wear and plant protection and stability of lubricating properties. Recommended for use in high-speed diesel engines that meet the requirements of EURO I, EURO II, EURO III, EURO IV and EURO V. OILS Applicable for engines that are not equipped with particulate filters (DPF), as well as for most engines equipped with exhaust gas recycling system ( EGR) and selective catalytic reduction system (SCR NOX) to reduce nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases.
E9. - Increased stability oils for use in high-speed diesel engines of trucks that meet the requirements of EURO I, EURO II, EURO III, EURO IV, EURO V and EURO VI, which work in particularly severe operating conditions, for example, significantly increased oil replacement intervals. They can be applied in engines both with particulate filters (DPF), and without them, as well as for most recycling systems (EGR) and systems for reducing nitrogen oxide emission (SCR NOX). Recommended when using fuel with a small sulfur content.
Even the most detailed, general classifications can not always take into account the design features of a particular engine, so the car manufacturers left the right to put forward their own requirements or additions to general standards. Such requirements are customary to be called registered or branded tolerances of car manufacturers. The presence of such tolerances can speak both on the characteristics of the design and the materials used and the desire of the manufacturer of the technique to control the quality of motor oils. In addition, the existence of these requirements makes it possible to make car manufacturers to further earn on the issuance of tolerances for motor oils.
For today, all European automakers formulated their requirements for motor oils.
For manufacturers of oils, the product testing and receiving the approval of the automaker turns into addition expenditures. Therefore, often manufacturers of oils are introduced into their assortment a line of so-called OEM oils oriented on specific car manufacturers.
In the car operating manual, the consumer can find directions for both general, international standards and branded tolerances of the manufacturer. In addition, there are always recommendations on the viscosity of the oil.
In practice, it is not easy to understand the abundance of tolerances and recommendations. And yet there are some rules when choosing a engine oil.
The starting point when selecting engine oil to a particular car are the recommendations of the manufacturer. They are spelled out in the car operating manual. If there is no such - you can try to find on the Internet (with a loan to the authenticity of the source) or directly request from the regional dealer. In branded car services there are also such information. Why is it important? No one knows the engine features better than its manufacturer. For owners of cars, which are under warranty, ignoring the requirements can turn into loss of right to warranty repairs. As a rule, in the recommendations there is an indication of the optimal and recommended viscosity of the oil and the level of oil quality on one of the international standardization systems (ACEA, API, ILSAC, etc.). If the car manufacturer has its own system of branded tolerances - it will definitely indicate the number of the appropriate tolerance.
For wear engines, more viscous oil is required. Recently, the recommendations of car manufacturers have appeared to use small glass oils for some models, for example 0W-20. Only in some cases it is dictated by the constructive features of the engine, otherwise it is the struggle for fuel economy and ecology. The reduced resource of such engines is made to silence. Choosing such an oil, make sure that it really needs your engine. If you use 0W-20 - use high-quality oil! Xenum Nippon Energy has an ultra-shock oil film! It will not be superfluous and additional protection: for example, the Xenum VX500's ester-ceramic complex.
The operating conditions include climatic features and modes in which the car is used. The heavier operating conditions, the better the quality oil must be used. In addition, it is necessary to reduce the intersavice intervals.
There are features of the selection of oil for hybrid cars. The main idea of \u200b\u200bdesigners when creating them is energy efficiency. In addition, peak loads on such engines are smoothed. This is ensured by connecting electric motors during disks. So, the requirements for the durability of the oil film are not so important for them. But energy saving in the foreground. Engines such cars are initially designed for low-grade oils.
In a difficult situation in Russia, owners of cars equipped with additional purification of exhaust gases (sage filters, multistage neutralizers) were found. For such machines, it is necessary to use motor oils with reduced ash. If you ignore this requirement, the excess asola quickly clogs the pores of the particulate filter and blocks the active elements of the neutralizer. Electronics will quickly report a malfunction, the elimination of which is a very expensive procedure. Such oil, as a rule, has a low alkaline number, and for our conditions and our fuel it is extremely undesirable. Owners of such cars need to almost twice the oil.
Cars for sports or street racing, SUVs, which are used for their intended purpose, deserve separate attention. Protection of the engine of such cars must be maximum. Oil for such machines should be used high viscosity and better on a synthetic basis (it is less susceptible to mechanical destruction). It is necessary to use additional engine protection in the form of solid lubricants (microcramber, carbon graphite) or oil-soluble anti-virus additives.
Thus, in the context of Russia, only high-quality oil can work out the recommended interval without prejudice to the engine. Only such oil proudly represents the company XENUM in the Russian market.
Replacing motor oil - the procedure that the driver can perform independently. To do this, it is enough to find a flight, after which the performance will require the maximum half an hour. But before performing work on the replacement of oil, it must be purchased. When choosing consumable liquids, you must always follow the recommendations of manufacturers. But if there are specific requirements for oil, or find the desired composition cannot be in the store, you can independently understand the labeling of the oil to choose the optimal option.
Table of contents:What are the types of motor oils
As you know, the main task of engine oil is to minimize the friction of moving parts in the car engine. The smaller the details rub, the less likelihood of breakage, which means the engine will last longer.
Depending on which motor is used by car, there are 3 types of engine oils: gasoline, diesel and universal. As you can understand from their names, the first two are designed for specific types of engines, and the universal version will suit for a diesel engine and for a gasoline engine.
In addition to dividing oils by type of engine, you can also classify them for seasonality when such compositions are recommended. Oil can be summer, winter or all-season. It is worth noting that the seasonality of the oil depends on its viscosity, as well as the indicator of the change in the consistency with increasing or decreasing the temperature.
In winter, it is better to use less viscous oils so that the motor is easier to start after parking in the cold. In the summer, such oils are not applied, since they are not enough high-quality lubricate engine components. For summer, more viscous options will be suitable, but if they use them in winter, they may interfere with the fast start of the motor at a negative ambient temperature.
Please note: all-season motor oils are most common, the viscosity of which is practically not changing from ambient temperature.
What motor oils consist of
Each manufacturer of engine oil has its own unique recipe, which, in his opinion and testing, is an ideal combination between the cost and executable protective functions. However, the basis of all engine oils one is the oil fractions that were obtained during oil refining.
Please note: Recently, some manufacturers have begun to use oil fractions obtained by artificially.
Motor oils can be divided into 3 types of composition: mineral, synthetic and semi-synthetic.
Modern car manufacturers recommend using synthetic or semi-synthetic oils to improve the service life. Mineral compositions are currently applied, for the most part, for trucks or old models of passenger cars.
Important: If on the canister with motor oil it is not indicated that it is synthetic or semi-synthetic, most likely, this composition is mineral.
When choosing a type of oil for a car, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with the manufacturer's recommendation. Not always, the synthetic oil is suitable for engines for which the use of mineral composition was initially installed.
Main properties and parameters of motor oils
As noted above, each manufacturer stores the accurate composition of its engine oils in the secrecy, as it uses its own unique sets of additives. But the basic parameter of viscosity must be specified when marking the engine oil.
Viscosity of motor oil
When choosing a suitable composition, you need to pay attention, first of all, on the viscosity of the oil. It directly depends on how much the parts will be damaged during the work:
- High viscosity. Overly high viscosity leads to the fact that the motor is difficult to start at low ambient temperature. In addition, at high viscosity, "oil starvation" may occur, since it does not immediately after starting the engine to the rubbing parts it will reach the oil composition;
- Low viscosity. It can also lead to damage to the rubbing parts due to insufficient pressure in the lubrication system.
Additional additives
Each engine oil that can be found on sale has its own unique set of additives that complement its operational properties. Depending on the state of the motor, its tendency to wear, as well as other parameters, the car owner may choose the needy oil. Some of the properties that are added with additive sets:
- Additional protection against wear;
- Minimization of the probability of chip deposition and various foreign substances in the motor;
- Resistance to corrosion;
- The presence of additional antioxidant properties;
- Additional "cleaning" additives.
This list is not complete. On the canister of each engine oil, you can see the main advantages that highlight it is productively.
Marking of motor oils
In Russia on motor oil, regardless of where it is produced, certification marks on standards: SAE, ILSAC, ACEA, API may be.
This determines GOST 17479.1-85. Deciphering the labeling of automotive engine oils according to the GOST is carried out as follows:
- Kinematic viscosity of motor oil. Denotes the number. Depending on the viscosity, the oil refers to the summer, winter or year-round (all-season). Figures from 6 to 16 (even even), as well as 20 and 24 are summer oil indicators. Zimnik is the numbers from 3 to 6. If the oil can be used in both seasons, the summer and winter class is indicated through the line;
- Application area. According to this parameter, the compositions are divided into 6 categories, which are denoted by Russian letters from A to E;
- Engine's type. If index 1 is installed, this suggests that the oil is manufactured for gasoline engines if 2 is for diesel engines. If the index is not installed, then the oil is universal.
Consider detailed international standards for labeling engine oils that are recognized in Russia.
SAE marking decryption
An oil viscosity indicator is classified by the International SAE Standard (Automotive Engineers Society). This classification has been drawn up for more than 100 years, when for the first time the drivers and car manufacturers have arisen the question of choosing and creating a suitable engine oil.
According to the SAE standard, each engine oil has certain properties at low and high ambient temperatures. Depending on what conditions the car will be operated, you need to choose an oil suitable for viscosity.
SAE Standard Marking is read simply:
- If the letter W is present in the marking - this suggests that the oil is winter;
- If the marking contains only a number - this indicates that the oil is summer. At the same time, the higher the number - the higher the viscosity. Variation of the number - from 0 to 50;
- If the marking is present with W and a separate number, this suggests that the all-season oil.
Deciphering API marking
The API marking is developed by the American Oil Institute. It is necessary to read it as follows:
- If after specifying the API there is an EC attack - this indicates that the oil is energy saving;
- These figures (Roman) after the abbreviation speak about the degree of savings used by the fuel used;
- If the letter S is present - it means that the oil is suitable for gasoline engines, while the letter C indicates that the oil is designed for diesel engines. If the oil is universal, both letters are indicated;
- The level of operational properties is also denoted by the letter - from A to L. The closer the letter to the beginning of the alphabet, the lower the level of operational properties;
- Diesel oils can be double and fourfold. They correspond to numbers 2 or 4 at the end of the marking.
Decoding ACEA Oil Classification
This marking was developed in Europe by the Association of Car Manufacturers. It includes the largest companies: Volvo, BMW, Ford, Porsche and dozens of others.
ACEA classification divides oil into 3 categories as follows:
- A / B. Oils designed for gasoline and diesel engines;
- S. Oils, which are designed for diesel and gasoline engines, but are more environmental - comply with the standard of exhaust gases in the EURO-4 class. Such engine oils can be used in conjunction with a catalyst and sump filters;
- E. Motor oils for heavy cargo diesel cars.
Each of the categories includes several classes, that is, you can meet categories A1 / B1, A3 / B3, C1, C2, C3, and so on. The greater the digit after the letters, the better the operational properties of the oil. At the same time, the number of classes may increase over time if the Association will decide on the introduction of a new class.
ILSAC Oily Classification Decoding
Japanese and American car manufacturers jointly developed the classification of ILSAC. It is used most often when the release of consumable fluids for Japanese cars.
The oil producer is the largest Japanese company IDEMITSU KOSAN CO.LTD. Japanese brand Idemitsu is popular all over the world due to the highest quality lubricants.
Product description
IDEMITSU 5W30 is made on the basis of synthetic base oil obtained using hydrocracking technology for gasoline engines comply with very high technical requirements for machine lubrication.
The lubricant includes a highly efficient standard set of additives, due to which environmental friendliness is achieved, a decrease in the fuel consumption, a decrease in the engine wear and a slight start of the motor at sufficiently low temperatures (up to -30c).
A high yield rate of Idemitsus 5W30 contributes to a significant temperature range of use. Keeps fluidity at low temperatures and excellent lubricating qualities at high operating temperatures.
Due to the use of hydrogenization reforming technology, the oil is extremely delivered from unnecessary inclusions, such as nitrogen, sulfur and chlorine. Thus, the best physicomechanical properties are achieved, and, specifically, high antioxidant parameters, low evapability and viscosity stability.
Lubrication contributes to maintaining a car engine clean. The oil is practically not lit and creates excellent protection of the pistons from the formation of Nagara.
Also lubricant contains anti-virus additives based on phosphorus and zinc. The oil contains calcium as a cleaning neutralizing additive and boron as a silent dispersant, due to which particles are held in suspension.
In his reviews, experts note solid thermal stability, minor evaporation and good alkaline numbers.
Application area
Synthetics Idemitsus 5V30 is used in 4 clock gasoline engines of the newest sample, including turbocharged engines.
Plastic canister 4 liters
Specifications
| Indicator | Verification method (ASTM) | Meaning / Unit | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vissedity characteristics | ||
| - | Viscosity class | SAE | SAE 5W-30 |
| - | Color | ASTM D - 1500 | L 3.0 |
| - | Density (at 15 ° C) | D - 4052 - 96 | 0.8555 g / cm³ |
| - | Viscosity at a temperature of 40 ° C | D - 445. | 60.08 mm2 / s |
| - | Viscosity at a temperature of 100 ° C | D - 445. | 10.24 mm2 / s |
| - | Viscosity index | D - 2270. | 159 |
| - | General Alkaline, TBN | D-2896-96 | 7.66 MGC / G |
| - | Evaporability by Noack | D-5800. | 7.11% Weight (MAX-15.0%) |
| - | Viscosity at a temperature of 150 ℃ and high Shift speeds (HTHS) | SAE J 300. | 3.00 MPA · s |
| - | Washing viscosity, (CCS) at -35 ° C | SAE J 300. | 5000 MPA · s |
| - | The content of sulfate ash | 0.84% \u200b\u200bWeight | |
| - | Foaming at 93.5 ° C | D-892. | |
| 2 | Temperature characteristics | ||
| - | Flash temperature (COC) ° C | D - 92. | 238 ° C. |
| - | Frozen temperature, ° C | JIS K 2269. | -41 ° C. |
Approval, tolerances and specifications
Approved and complies with standards:
- API SN;
- ILSAC GF-5.
Release form and articles
Until 2015, the oil wore another name: IDEMITSU EXTREME ECO 5W-30, but then a container has changed with a label and name, below can be familiar with the articles and form of release:
- 30021326724 Demitsu 5W-30 SN / GF-5 1l
- 30011328724 Demitsu 5W-30 SN / GF-5 1l
- 30021326746 Demitsu 5W-30 SN / GF-5 4l
- 30011328746 Demitsu 5W-30 SN / GF-5 4l
- 30021326520 Demitsu 5W-30 SN / GF-5 20l
- 30021326200 Demitsu 5W-30 SN / GF-5 200l
The viscosity schedule of oils depending on the ambient temperature
How 5W30 is decrypted
The first marks of the classification show how soon oil will easily pass on the lubricant system, reaching working surfaces, as well as how much energy will be consumed in the winter period of operation.
Then after the W symbol (which shows the possibility of using motor lubricant in winter), information on the use of lubricant is indicated at a specific temperature in the summer at the time when the temperature of the motor is not higher than +100 degrees.
The numbers indicate that the engine oil can be used at temperatures from -30 ° C to + 25 ° C, the lubricant is actually all-season (if the temperature is not greater than + 25 ° C in the summer season) and synthetic.
Advantages and disadvantages
- Saving lubricating properties at different loads. Motor oil Idemitsus 5-30 has the best viscosity even in conditions of intense driving.
- Increase the period of the car's engine at the expense of high-quality cleaning of its parts and reduce wear of rubbing nodes.
- Beautiful detergents that eliminate all sorts of mud formations and prevent their further deposits.
- Reliable motor start even at the very negative temperatures.
- Large stability of the oil film with serious loads and high temperatures of the engine.
- Thanks to the excellent technical characteristics, fuel economy is achieved, reducing harmful emissions into an air atmosphere, a small level of fucker and evaporation.
Canister Left Production: Singapore / Vietnam, Canister Right Production: Thailand
How to distinguish fake
It is necessary to pay attention to the quality of paint, which is painted by the canister. The paint should not be sled at the slightest friction. If the lubricant is in a tin can, then the material of the jar must be quite durable. If the lubrication fluid is in plastic container, then you need to look at the evenness of the glued tag and the quality of the font applied to the canister.
Memitsu 5-30 lubrication has a Batch code on each canister, which indicates the date of manufacture. The 1st digit of the code means the year of manufacture, the 2nd figure is a month in which the oil was made (it is important that the first 9 months of the year are designated by the corresponding figures, and then: October - X, November - Y, December - z) . The absence of code means that the goods are falsified.
The protective ring of the lid must be even, not have traces of opening.
On the 4-liter canister there is a chute from plastic for pouring lubricant into the engine. The lid has a ring for removing the seal before opening the canister. The ring and the cover are roasted and not turning.
