When at the factory, GAZ-3102 was started at the factory, it was considered to be granted that, in the near future, it will completely turn out the outdated twenty fourth model from the conveyor. On its basis, the projects of a mass car were developed to change GAZ-24 and even a car-taxi. Such a solution is two models in one body, characterized by the level of configuration and, probably, the power unit would be absolutely consistent with the point of view of ordinary logic.
However, in practice, the development of GAZ-3102 in production was a very slow pace. Even after the start of mass release of a new model, gas-and enterprises were not able to ensure the stable supply of individual items of components, which is why the volume of production was limited to several thousand per year. In addition, the new Volga quickly acquired the special, elite status of the car for high rank officials, generals and party apparatus.
The result of this process was somewhat unexpected: the idea of \u200b\u200bproducing in the same body and the mass model to the Gas came to forget for a while. In those years, Vladimir Nikitich Nosakov, the main designer of the plant for passenger cars, remembers that the question was decided at the very top: Minister automotive industry It was clear and directly said that the car on which the officials go and generals should not go to the taxi.
Meanwhile, by 1984, the situation has changed: all major constructive and technological problems with the release of GAZ-3102 were already solved, the opportunity began to gradually increase the release, in which the enterprises - gas-A were blood interested - the increase in the issue would significantly reduce the cost of the cost their products, reduce costs. Yes, and the plant itself is to keep two kindred in production, but the modifies that use different nodes and aggregates did not make any sense. Therefore, it was decided to create a new mass model of the plant based on the old body GAZ-24, and not upgraded GAZ-3102, while as possible retaining the greatest possible degree of unification with the "zero-second" on nodes and aggregates.
For some reason, the development of a technological nature in the production of the modernized model was hard, so all modernization took several years - from the appearance of a plastic lattice of the radiator in 1984 on exporting machines and before the universal update in 1987. The factory workers themselves remember that over the modernization of the obviously obsolete car worked without much enthusiasm. Moreover, by that time, work was already started on a car of a fundamentally new generation, which took place over time to the GAZ-3105 project (by the way, written about this car - not me - ).
The first copy of GAZ-24-10 was demonstrated in 1984 at the exhibition in Moscow, but this machine externally, by and large, the GAZ-24 corresponded to it, from 24-10 there was only a "filling".
In 1985 and the beginning of 1986, cars were produced by the so-called "transitional" series, which are sometimes called GAZ-24M in everyday life (it is believed that they officially went either as GAZ-24, or as GAZ-24-10 - although the information is emphasized Machines with an inscription 24m on the plate). These cars (in use of "mutants", "transition") had the main components and aggregates from GAZ-24-10, but in terms of external view And the interior design was almost an arbitrary mixing of elements of old and new models. They did them, apparently, until the spare parts remained in the warehouses old model.
Finally, in 1986, there were already full-fledged restyled "Volga" GAZ-24-10 in the body of the sedan. Another year of GAZ-24-12 was left for a similar update of the GAZ-24-12. The remaining modifications were also renamed in the same way - received the top ten in plus to the designation.
The basis of the upgraded model was taken by the GAZ-24 body, which received the doors from GAZ-3102 without the windows in the glazing and a number of other, less noticeable changes. (including in power units). The car lost a significant part of the chrome decor (chrome-plated "Volga" inscriptions on the front wings and rear panel, molding on the bottom of the trunk cover and so on; but the moldings on the thresholds have been preserved and put on the factory until the appearance of GAZ-31029), with bumpers of the fangs, and with exhaust ventilation deflectors in the rear racks - parking lights, was removed located near the front bumper platform for the license plate. On wheels appeared "aerodynamic" plastic caps, fully closing disk.
The aggregates were essentially the same as on GAZ-3102, with the exception of the most deficient positions - the front disc brakes, an all-mounted soft panel of instruments and a forkar engine.
As for the engine, the article reports in the journal "behind the wheel" No. 1 for 1987, its modernization was carried out in several stages.
Until April 1986, partially upgraded engines were established from 24-ki, with marking 24D-85m and 2401-85m.
From April 1986, engines 402.10 and 4021.10 began to put on GAZ-24-10, which had a number of differences from their predecessors: reinforced cylinder block (Part of the first 402 engines was collected in the block from the forkar engine with the top fixation of the sleeves; subsequently refused it), sophisticated indigenous bearing caps, fadless supports distribution Vala, upgraded cooling system with a new pump, new intake and exhaust valves of increased diameter, double valve springs, cast-iron camshaft modified profile, vibrant damper damper on the crankshaft pulley, contactless system Ignition, new generator, upgraded carburetor K-126GM and A14V1 candles. Later on part of the engines began to install the K-151 carburetor, which turned out to be "problematic" and not enjoyed by love car enthusiasts and repairmen (not to be confused with the upgraded 151c of the mid-90s).
With the engines of ZMZ-24D and 24-01, a new family has remained back compatible cylinder liner, crankshaft, connecting rod and indigenous liners, camshaft with rods and distribution gears.
Brake System 24-10 was a hybrid based on GAZ-3102 nodes (tandem main brake cylinder, in the design of which made a number of changes, a vacuum amplifier, a pressure regulator in the rear brakes, pipelines, handbone drive) and GAZ-24 (wheels, Except for the work cylinders of the rear brakes, which received pistons of reduced diameter - 28 mm against 32, due to the transition to a new brake fluid Type "Neva"). Part of the cars from the factory had disc brakes, but it was an exception to the rule.
There were other differences regarding GAZ-24 - a changed front suspension geometry with an enlarged kolas, a wider radial rubber, a modified wipe trapezer with an increased resource, a new, much more powerful generator, rear window electric heating instead of blowing, front overall lights moved to headlights, etc.
Most of the "Volga" of GAZ-24-10 was completed simplified relative to GAZ-3102 salon with a tight plastic instrument panel, although using the same combination of devices as on "zero-second" and tissue seats (In the photo above, the "taxi" option with a leatherette trim, except inserts in the driver's seat). Part of the machines in the version of the GAZ-24-10-051 version at the same time still supplied with a soft panel from GAZ 3102 and velor seats from it, but such a relatively little was released.
Of course, modernization hardly made thoroughly outdated by that time "twenty-seater" is either markedly modern compared to foreign models of the mid-eighties. But, nevertheless, the growth of the operational and consumer quality of the car was completely noticeable. The car was significantly more comfortable for the driver and passengers, with more convenient and modern controls, and got rid of a number of not quite successful technical solutions, such as a hydraulic amplifier and separator in the brake drive. In other words, the car as much as possible "pulled up" to the level of the latest options for the "classic" family of the Volzhsky Automobile Play - "Zhiguli" VAZ-2105 and VAZ-2107.
At the same time, no problems with their sales of their products were not experienced, since more than half the Volga GAZ-24-10 immediately went on the distribution in taxi, administrative and trade organizations. The rest immediately diverged the hands of private traders, which constituted a clear difference from, say, AZLK, who already in 1984, began to solder, since the population of "Muscovite-2140" was not too happy. Exports "Volga" continued, mainly within the Socratran.
Meanwhile, in the second half of the eighties, problems of other nature, associated with the aging and physical wear of the stamps, which over a million cycles have already passed the entire conveyor life of the entire conveyor life. Actually, this is well noticeable in the quality of the Body of GAZ-24-10, which has become noticeably worse than ten years before. At the same time, a fundamentally new "Volga" of GAZ-3103/3104/3105 developed to replace the model range 24-10 / 3102 was still in the early stages of the finishes - no reason for them in mass production In the near future could not be speech.
After the equipment wear has reached a critical level on the entire technological chain of the stamping line, the plant turned out to be in front of the choice: either order new stamps for the old model - even at least a million cars and 15-20 years of release, or still start collecting a mass model in The body of a minor 3102, for which there were fresh, practically non-worn stamps.
The choice was made in favor of the second option, while the GAZ-3102 for the Body 3102 was developed, with a calm, not causing design and optics from Muscovite-2141, and the benzobac moved back to the floor of the trunk, since with zero-second tank It was impossible to install gas-tank equipment on sedan taxi and achieve the desired unification of the floor panel with a universal.
It is thus at the very end of the eighties, a GAZ-31029 model appeared. The development of it in bulk production was carried out after the collapse of the USSR, in 1992. At the same time, the GAZ-24-10 model was removed from the conveyor, although the last copy of its high-speed modification of GAZ-24-34 was collected in 1993.
It was a hard period for the plant. Traditional consumers of its main products, Middle Tonnage trucks - Army and agriculture - About new cars in those years could not even dream. Up to the appearance in 1994, Gazelles, only "Volga" used from all products of gas. But but in some kind of demand! .. Working with full tension, the plant issued 450 "Volga" every day, for which the factory workers worked in three shifts of 6 days a week. Annual edition passenger cars On the year in just a year increased from 65 to 124 thousand and continued to increase. It was the "Volga" GAZ-31029 reversed the plant into this difficult period of its history, giving the necessary financing to run into the Gazelle series.
Unfortunately, Volga herself in the form in which she knew it in the USSR - strong, solid and good collected car - Before that, a happy event did not live. Constructively laid qualified qualities, of course, remained, but the quality of the assembly - fell in front of the eyes, soon reaching completely indecent even according to Russian standards of level. Some as the assembled body were painted without soil, having cut the consumption of paint materials to the maximum: the paint, which was previously painted by one body, they were now poured two. It was during this period that motors collected by unwashed legs appeared, with unrelated imbalance that had to be sought already on new Machine, gearboxes that caused car drivers to return to their arsenal such a reception as the "double press and passage", and other "charms" of the Volga cars of the nineties and, in part, two thousand years.
Apparently, it was then that the management of the plant believed that the "Volga" of the current generation would be for him "eternal bread": the rate was made not on the immediate development in the production of a modern family 3103-3104-3105, but to the "economically advantageous" increase in the scale of release The current model with a smooth replacement of it to the "upgraded" 3111. It was a fatal error, the subsequently accounted for the gas of its entire passenger line.
Even in the early 2000s, the management of the plant in the face of N. Pyagina joyfully reported that 100 thousand cars per year - this is not enough that the plant needs another conveyor, where you can collect another 100 thousand of the same "Volga", etc. d. etc. In practice, already in December 2002, the passenger conveyor of the gas in the first (but not the last!) Once stood up because of the overhang. By the mid-2000s, the volume of the production of "cars" on Gaza rolled to 40 ... 50 thousand per year, and afterwards only fell.
For some time, the gas was still trying to position his passenger products as a business class car, but, for obvious reasons, by the end of the nineties it became impossible, with the exception, perhaps, a small-sized GAZ-3102, followed by a special "Director »Status. By 1998, adding several thousand dollars to the price of Volga, several thousand dollars could already buy inexpensive and practical new korean car, or "European" of the same class Little used like VW Passat.
"Helped" the financial crisis of 1998, after which, due to the collapse of the ruble "Volga" with its price from about 3 to 5 thousand dollars (for 1999-2000), became one of the cheapest (if not the cheapest) car of its class in world. And then "Volga" survived the second birth - as a relatively inexpensive and strong family caraddressed to the conservative and hand-sized man of the Middle Ages, who forgiving the archaic design of the design and all the flaws of the assembly. During these years, Nizhny Novgorod yards were filled with new "Volgami" purchased in their cheap, at that time the GAZ-3110 models that received a pair to the plump "face" the same chubby "stern" and the roof.
On the Volga conveyor, GAZ-31029 has been launched from 1992 to 1997. During this time, more than 830 thousand cars left it - twice as much as GAZ-24-10 for incomplete 6 years of its release. It is curious that by now the number of surviving cars of both models approximately compared to how much it can be judged by ads for sale. Apparently, the "twenty-ninth" simply did not live to this day for the reasons mentioned above ...
Over time, this machine has become a landfill for a platform for running in later models of technical and technological solutions: injection 16-valve motors of the 406th family, a five-speed gearbox, a rear axle with a solid crankcase, steering hydraulic power, coloring of two-component metallic enamels , etc. Together with her, the bottom-up engine with a four-stage gearbox as the main power unit of Gorky sedans, cutting, went into the past of the "twenty-first" Volga rear axle And many other constructive solutions of forty years ago.
This car, at one time, gave a wide variety of estimates, and mostly negative properties, I will express about this and me. From my personal point of view, the exterior of the Volga GAZ-31029 was slightly worse than the GAZ-3102, and was very well combined with the latter as a mass model of the plant. Subsequent external modernization, very expensive, only made "Volga" even more eclectic than it was at the beginning of the nineties, and also reduced some of its consumer qualities: in particular, the magazines "modern" volumetric bumpers with very low skirts were so extomed Only worsened geometric permeability and increased the cost of restoring the car after the accident.
The money that came to all this buttuff, which would be more logical to spend, for example, to master the rear spring suspension (was designed for GAZ 31107, but did not go to the series), the introduction automatic transmission and aBS systems (Designed for GAZ-31105, but also not implanted), which was more topical and gave a much more pronounced effect.
The car GAZ-24-10 "Volga" is the modernization of the GAZ-24 model - the mid-sized sedan was made at the Gorky Automobile Plant from the end of 1985 to the spring of 1992. By 1985, the car of Volga GAZ-24 is already outdated by the order remaining almost unchanged on the Connel for 15 years. Work on the launch of a fundamentally new model GAZ-3105 was somewhat delayed. Gaza decided to update the base gas GAZ-24 by making it more affordable and cheap in production.
Many solutions applied to GAZ-2410 have already been worked out on the GAZ-3102 models manufactured from 1982. So the car received from GAZ-3102 part of electrical equipment, safe-recessed door handles, squeezed glasses without submersions and much more.
The salon was updated and it was cheap dashboard From thermoplastic that has significantly losing on consumer qualities of GAZ-24 and GAZ-3102 cars. Although the design in general, the gas-24-10 panel is similar to the GAZ-3102 panel and is largely compatible with it.
On the body of significant changes did not happen - almost all panels were used from GAZ-24. Only the motor shield and the rear back of the cabin were like GAZ-3102. Although the GAZ-3102 was tested a fairly successful solution with a spare wheel in the floor, which increased the convenience of using the trunk. But with the external bodybukes of GAZ-24, this solution was poorly combined. The car received simplified bumpers without fangs - they became similar to the bumpers of GAZ-24 release until 1978 (and differed from them the presence of holes for fog lights). The grill of the radiator on most cars became plastic. In general, the number of chrome elements of the external decoration was reduced in order to save. So chrome inscriptions of the Volga with the wings and the rear panel disappeared, abolished and molding on the bottom of the trunk cover. Part of the cars was equipped with painted black metal mirrors instead of chromed.
The car got the wheels from the gas GAZ-3102 - radial dimension 205/70R14 (instead of 7.35-14 per gas 24). Since the radius of the steering wheel was also reduced at low speeds, it became more difficult. Width wheel Disc Increased by 0.5 inches. Applied delicious tires. The caps of the wheels became plastic "aerodynamic" - they closed all the wheel and had a fastening with a central nut (on the heel).
In the car suspension, modified front suspension sleeves are used to increase reliability.
The brake system unchanged with a drum version of the car GAZ-3102. That is, the drums were installed in front and behind brake mechanisms.
The main cylinder was used a two-round main cylinder tandem type. He worked in a pair with a dual-fagmented vacuum amplifier. In general, the reliability of the brake system increased, but the drum brakes in front of the decision very archaic and unsafe.
The car received an updated ZMZ-4021.10 engine. From the predecessor ZMZ-24D, it was distinguished by the cooling system device, double springs in the valve drive, increased diameter exhaust valves, an oil pump of increased performance, a cast iron camshaft with a modified profile of cams, modified K-151 carburetor (or K-126-GM). In general, the engine has become more powerful and turning. Power increased from 95 to 100 hp. The torque was 186 at 2500 rpm instead of 190 nm at 2200-2400 rpm. Gasoline consumption with a new engine decreased by about 3-4%. K-151 carburetor was good enough in the concept, but he held badly adjusting parameters. As a result, many of them were replaced with ozone vases or on good old K-126g or GM. The exhaust system of the new engine is treason - instead of the exhaust manifold 4-1, release 4-2-1 was used. He was tuned. Thus, 24-10 received a corporate gas casherm with acceleration in the circuit range of 2-4 thousand rpm.
The gear shift box got from GAZ-24 unchanged.
Rear axle GAZ-24-10 car received from GAZ-3102 car, ratio The main pair of 3.9 (in GAZ-24 - 4,1).
The car received a new wiper with an increased resource of the trapezoid, electrical heating of the rear window (instead of blowing), the glass of the front doors were on a new fashion without forces (improved overview, but the salon ventilation was worse at low speeds). parking lights From the subharbones moved to the headlights, and the parking lights in the rear racks disappeared at all. lever arm parking brake According to new trends, moved from the instrument panel between the seats to the floor. The seats were much better than the seats from GAZ-24. So their form has become more ergonomic, the packing is better. Also attended the opportunity to adjust the height of the seating in the garage. Also, the seats were equipped with head restraints that raised convenience and safety during accidents.
The car station wagon GAZ-24-12 received almost all changes applied in GAZ-24-10. The beginning of his release was in the 1987 year.
The eight-cylinder (5,5l, 195 hp) was released (5,5l, 195 hp) Modifications for special services - GAZ-24-34.
The gas-24-10 car has become more massive than its predecessors. Despite the queue by private owners more machines The earlier. However, due to the decline in the quality of anti-corrosion treatment, deterioration of the geometry of the body due to wear of body stamps, the deterioration of the quality of chromium car began to lose popularity. Especially in the late years of release.
Also noted problems with poor quality parts of the salon heating system - plastic details The heaters were blocked well with each other, the result was worsened by the air distribution.
despite all the disadvantages, most of the cars are in operation while maintaining the unpretentiousness and reliability of the predecessor.
Car GAZ-24-10 "Volga"
GAZ 24 is a Soviet passenger machine of the middle class, which was produced in a serial order at the enterprise in the city of Gorky from 1969 to 1992.
The Soviet car was considered a symbol of the era of their years, as well as she was a prestigious model, which officials and representatives of state institutions moved to.
Most of the "ordinary people" just dreamed of a similar model, since there were no competitors with such dimensions in the USSR. All model range of gas.
History of car
Before the 60s of the twentieth century began, which was massively produced in the city of Gorky, already produced for some time and quite outdated, especially if we talk about the designer component.
Initially, a debut attempt to develop a car that could replace the 21st wave, the designer make up in 1960. In those days, the designer group was under the influence of American-made models, which were demonstrated at the 1959 Moscow Exhibition.
Based on this, it is not necessary to be very surprised due to the fact that the project of the future machine of the 2nd family, designed by a group of specialists, had a majority of foreign vehicle Thoms. Although, a bit of "Volga" brushed on a certain car, how Ford was 1959 production. However, anyway, it is impossible to call it with copying.
And now, after two years later, in 1961, the design department headed by the general designer Alexander Nevzorov and designers Leonid Tsikolenko and Nikolai Kireyev began work on the design of the car, whatever could change the already familiar Volga-2121.
Serial production was planned to start the 50th anniversary of the Great October Revolution, which was noted in 1967, however, due to the unfavorable economic situation, the plans were violated. One of the reasons why the release of the 24th model was delayed, it was only under construction of the Volga Automobile Plant in Tolyatti.
But state structures could no longer deduct so many subsidies to employees of the enterprise. In addition, the Gorky Automobile Plant was instructed to establish the production and development of military vehicles, for example, BTR-60 and BTR-70, due to the exacerbation of the political situation in the world.
In the period from 1962 to 1965, about 6 search layouts of plasticine, which seriously differed from each other in appearance were built. By the time of the occurrence of 1965, the exterior of the car in general has already developed, it remains only to complete the development of aggregate parts.
Debut sketches of the 24th model had fashionable fins, bent panoramic front and rear glasses and two-color body color. This was influenced by the American fashion, which was quite popular in those days, as well as the fact that some designers of Gorkovsky car factory Passed training in the United States of America.
And it is impossible to say that this moment somehow negatively had its influence on the automotive industry of the domestic car. During tracking all world cars of those times, the Specialists of the Gorky enterprise saw that the aerodynamic component of their machines seriously loses restrained styles that they produced.
This entailed the refusal of the younger sister "Seagulls" - its design decision was not applied to the novelty. It is impossible to say that the gas-24 car began to quickly produce. There were problems with the beginning of the serial release, which depended not only from the Gorky Automobile Plant. This required not one year, but the effort was worth it.
It is very curious that initially, similar to the Japanese, put on the machines of the rear visibility mirrors on the hood, but in Japan, such a decision was made in order to timely detect cyclists. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics simply, most likely copied this implementation.
However, later the mirrors were placed in their standard area - and there was only a driver's door mirror. 1965 was the first to be the first when incomprehensible "foreign cars" began to ride - prototypes of the 24th model, which possessed SUPER named. They allowed to test various variations of power units and gear shift boxes.
This model came the entire USSR, together with american cars. And it is impossible to say that the tests were insignificant, they had state importance. The test result showed that GAZ-24 is not inferior to foreign analogues.
Despite lowering (10 mm) road SuitCompared to Last GAZ-21, the car did not infer the functionality on a bad road. A little later, the car was checked in a taxi, initially for what purpose it was created.
In 1966, the Soviet government allocated on a large-scale reconstruction of about 125,000,000 rubles, which in those times was just a huge number. What for? Everything is very simple - GAZ-24, if it is compared with GAZ-21, it became in technical Plan Much more complicated, therefore, the introduction of new equipment was required.
It will not be superfluous to recall that the Savolzhsky Motor Plant (ZMZ), which made a power unit for the 24th model, was the first worldwide, where they developed and used high-performance technology for casting aluminum engine cylinders under pressure.
The first experienced party, for a full 1968, the conveyor was only 31 units with marking GAZ 24. The mid-1970 provided for a complete cessation of the construction of the last 21st Volga, so the Gorky enterprise passenger cars Fully started working on a fresh model. Interestingly, the car has acquired even imported equipment.
Exterior
Notwithstanding for a long time of development, the appearance of the gas-24 sedan almost did not undergo change, although the design composition sometimes rejected the radiator grille, supplied the car that pair, then 4 headlights.
But it was decided to accept the body with a pair of headlights and a frequency of the slotes of the famous "Whale Us" in vertical execution. It is worth noting that a similar solution has already been applied at the last family of vehicles of the Gorky Automobile Plant.
In addition, the 24th Volga with a similar appearance will exist until 1984, and in fact - until the completion of production. The front of the car has become much better and immediately liked many car enthusiasts. Here it was already impossible to find those large and distinguished elements of headlights, a massive radiator lattice.
The last part has become a little already and longer, and on the sides it was crowned by a couple of headlights. The bumper, installed in front, in the "first series" of the 24th sedan did not receive fangs, but there were sidewalls of the number plate signs from chromium under the bumper.
The hood turned out to be long and almost even, with the exception of a small climbing in the middle. Windshield It became more modern and increased the aerodynamic indicators of the car as a whole. Most, if not everyone, fell in love with GAZ-24 "Volga" and just dreamed of acquiring it to themselves.
The lateral part demonstrated the longest sedan among all those produced at that time domestic cars. Perhaps this is exactly what gas-24 trump card before the same. The front side range had an inscription above the Wheel "Volga", although it is difficult to imagine that people who could confuse, say, with Zhigul.
The designer composition could not immediately decide on the caps of the wheels. Some experienced cars were supplied with the wheel closing the wheel cap. The right side of the sedan had a refueling department, which opened with the help of the key. Door handles received a metal color, and you could open the door with the help of the button.
Initially, on the side part there were lanterns on "scallops" of ventilation deflectors, but later the GAZ-24-10 model no longer had lanterns. The feed part of the GAZ-24 also turned out to be radically new. Cars "First Series" received the rear bumper without fangs, however, they had separate cataphoths from the rear lights, which could be found on the back body panel.
It was difficult not to notice just huge sizes luggage compartmentwhich opened with the help of the key and the rotary mechanism, which set around the nest of the lock itself.
The last solution seems very successful and unusual, which clearly allocated a sedan among other competitors, which, in fact, was not in fact. Trumpet exhaust system was with the traditional right side.
Interior
After entering the Salon, the Volga gas is immediately noticeable that the free space has become really greater, despite almost unchanged dimensions. However, the interior decoration on the sedan did not differ as sophisticated, despite the last century of production. The seats were quite comfortable, which smoothed the first sensations from visiting the cabin.
The debut issues of the car received the presence of an armrest, which was established between the front chairs. A little later, he stopped applying in the interior. The Salon of the GAZ-24-10 model was fully updated, which made it possible to have comfortable head restraints and a full-fledged clutch upholstery.
The dashboard is not highlighted with luxuriousness. The front part was glued to the film under the tree. The glove box looked simple, there was no any finish. The bottom of the panel turned out to be an iron type, and the steering wheel is large enough with a thin rim.
After 1985, the improvement was significantly reflected in these details, where the steering wheel was reduced in diameter, and his rim added widely in width. The dashboard has been fundamentally changed, now there was much more plastic details.
The upholstery of the interior was not particularly retracted by the difference. The upholstery was performed from the leatherette, and the colors were separated for the presence of brown, gray and red. A little later replaced a ribbon type speedometer on a standard shooter, which was more workable and not so quickly failed.
Also, the car received finishing door panels having a horizontal drawing, there was static seat belts for sitting ahead and rear, because of what, just, and removed the front armrest, the new seat upholstery and other changes.
Specifications
Force aggregate
During the design of the 24th models, first thought over the installation of three types of power units - the presence of a six-cylinder, four-cylinder and V-shaped eight-cylinder was envisaged.
The model with six cylinders was immediately removed, and the 8-cylinder engines were most often for special Services and cars which are on state institutions. "Eight" walked in most cases for special services where required powerful engine And good dynamic characteristics.
Based on this, it is not difficult to guess that a 4-cylinder engine with a topless arrangement was as the basic power unit. Its volume was 2.445 liters. For 100 km fuel consumption was about 15 liters (according to the passport 12).
The model with a 4-cylinder engine walked in a pair of variations - 95 (AI-93) and 85 (A-76) of horsepower. All differences in the power units consisted in the head of the cylinder block. The engine, which was done under the 76th gasoline, the head was higher, which was reflected in the increased combustion chamber.
The four-cylinder motor was produced for GAZ-24 until 1985, when the machines began to put ZMZ 402/4021. New models of power units received a modified block of cylinders and the head of the cylinder block. His core modernization almost did not touch, only began to use the presence of an upgraded high-performance oil pump.
Transmission
Machines that were supplied with an eight-cylinder power unit were synchronized with an automatic three-stage gearbox. However, it was rarely seen on the 24th Volga.
More often, it was possible to meet a mechanical four-stage gearbox with synchronizers at all speeds. The clutch is represented by dry one-skate. Type of clutch - hydraulic.
Suspension
The front suspension had a pivot type. She stood on the transverse levers and had cylindrical springs. And the rear was residual with springs. Shock absorbers stood a hydraulic telescopic type with bilateral effect.
Steering
The steering mechanism represented the presence of a global worm with a three-grab roller. There was an anti-theft and a trauma-safe coupling.
Brake system
The working brake system included the presence of drum mechanisms on all wheels with hydraulic drive and an amplifier, separator and alarm for the refusal of one of the contours. In the parking brake system included mechanical drive on brake devices rear wheels.
| Body type | Sedan |
| Number of places | 5 |
| dimensions | |
| Length | 4735 mm |
| Width | 1800 mm |
| Height without load | 1490 mm |
| Height with load | 1450 mm |
| Base | 2800 mm |
| King of front wheels | 1476 mm |
| Pitch rear wheels | 1420 mm |
| Engine | |
| Engine model | ZMZ-24D |
| A type | An inline four-stroke carburetor with the top arrangement of the valves |
| Diameter and piston | 92x92. |
| Working volume in l. | 2,445 |
| Compression ratio | 8,2 |
| Maximum power in l. from. at a speed of 4500 rpm | 95 |
| Maximum torque in kg * cm at a rotational speed of 2200-2400 rpm | 19,0 |
| Transmission | |
| Clutch | One-piece dry with hydraulic shutdown drive |
| Transmission | Mechanical four-stage with synchronizers on all forward transmissions; The drive is on the top lever derived in the floor of the body. |
| first transmission | 3.5 |
| second transmission | 2.26 |
| third transmission | 1,45 |
| fourth Transfer | 1 |
| reverse | -3,54 |
External modernization
The car often was often subjected to some upgrades. For example, until 1975 changed the shape of the external mirrors of the rear visibility, put more recent, convenient and confident in the reliability of the luggage compartment lock, rear racks The roofs had the presence of parking lights, which were lit when people disembarking.
The car has always improved. Initially decided to remove from the right front wing rearview mirror. In turn, the left was moved to the rack of windshield. During the 1976-1978, a debut-based high modernization of the Volga was produced.
GAZ-24 with rear mirrors I saw on the hood This many is called the start of the production of the second generation GAZ 24. These years allowed the car to get "fangs" on the bumper, where there were rubber inserts, there was also a presence fog lightswhich are located on the bumper installed in front.
Rear lights began to have built-in catathotes. The mid-80s allowed experts to subjected to a car with new improvements, which were more substantial and radical.
Updated Gas Model 24 As a result, the GAZ-24-10 car was released, which is often referred to as the 3rd frequency family of the 24th Volga. In the car there were lanterns on the deflectors of the ventilation system, changed the cladding of the radiator grid from chromium on the usual plastic black. On wheels began to establish the presence of new plastic caps.
It is very important that the glasses installed from behind, instead of blowing warm air Purchased electric heating. However, all changes were not made at the same time. Since 1986, it was already the presence of recessed door handles, which were mounted in a body plane. The windows were removed on the windows of the front doors, there were simple bumpers without fangs. The dimensions were removed, the headlights of the head lighting began to perform their option.
Cost
Buy new GAZ-24 will not work. But secondary market Car offers decent choice Techniques, cost begins approximately 150,000 rubles. The more expensive the price, the "younger" sedan and the more qualitative it is. If the car was safely preserved, it is logical to expect that the owner will ask for more.
Pros and cons
Pluses of cars
- Quality body of the Volga;
- Little price policy and the ease of interchangeability of spare parts and parts;
- Pleasant and stylish appearance (for years);
- Improved aerodynamic component, compared with past models (GAZ-21);
- Good power units;
- Cute height of the road lumen;
- Good volume of luggage compartment;
- Comfortable seats with armrests;
- Good dynamic characteristics;
- Soft suspension that allows you to swallow most irregularities and pits;
- Many modifications;
- Not afraid of loads;
- Small radius of the car turning, despite the large dimensions;
- Understandable dashboard;
- Unpretentious to fuel machine;
- There are seat belts;
- Large volume of luggage compartment;
- The height of the body has become lower;
- The quality of the design of the manual brake has increased;
- The front suspension beam has become more durable and reliable;
- Increased the quality of the paintwork body cover and body parts;
- Good visibility inside the car;
- The interior has become lighter.
Modifications GAZ 24.
GAZ-24-01, 1970-1971, to work in a taxi. He was equipped with a deformed ZMZ-24-01 engine, a special labeling of the body of the "checkerel" type, the green color lantern is "free", the interior trim from the leatherette, which allows sanitation.
GAZ-24-02, 1972-1987, was produced serially with a five-door body of the type wagon.
GAZ-24-03, Sanitary based on GAZ-24-02.
GAZ-24-04, with a five-door body wagon to work in a taxi. Equipped with a decorned ZMZ-24-01 engine.
GAZ-24-07, 1977-1985, to work in a taxi, was equipped with a gas-filled installation.
GAZ-24-24., Version for special services, "Catching" or "Machine of accompaniment". Equipped with modified power installation From GAZ-13 "Seagull" - the engine ZMZ-2424, V8, 5.53 liters, 195 liters. from. and three-stage automatic box Gear, as well as steering power steering. There were also reinforced body and running part. Maximum speed - up to 170 km / h.
GAZ-24-54., right-handed export modification (less than 1000 copies released).
GAZ-24-95, Experimental all-wheel drive modification, created using GAZ-69 aggregates, characteristic design feature is the absence of a frame.
GAZ-24A-247 and GAZ-24A-948, respectively, the van and pickup, produced in small quantities of emergency car taxi on the Voronezh Author Repair Plant. In addition to him, the larger parties, pickups and vans were produced in the same way in the Riga and Cheboksary car repair factories (Charz-274 model).
GAZ-24-76 "SCALDIA" - Export modification of the Volga GAZ-24 with the body of the sedan produced in the late 1970s.
GAZ-24-77 "SCALDIA" - Export modification of the Volga GAZ-24 with the body of the Universal, produced in the late 1970s.
Machine components of these models were supplied for the small-scale assembly of the Belgian company SCALDIA-VOLGA S.A. Force aggregate was diesel engine Peugeot Indenor XD2P; The brake system is structurally different from the standard gas - Rover brand. In the 1990s. Pretty a lot of used cars of the Belgian assembly were re-expected in the Russian Federation.
Second generation GAZ 2410
GAZ-24-10. - Basic sedan.
GAZ-24-11 - Taxi, with a body of type "Sedan".
GAZ-24-12. - Wagon based on GAZ-24-10. It was designed to replace the Volga GAZ-24-02.
GAZ-24-13. - Sanitary, with a body of the "Universal". Ambulance carrier with a capacity of 4 + 1 (onto stretchers).
GAZ-24-14. - Cargo-passenger taxi, refurbished under gasoline AI-76.
GAZ-24-17. - Taxi with an engine operating on liquefied gas.
GAZ-24-34. - "High-speed car" or "accompaniment machine" (unofficially workers of the automobile plant and ordinary people called "catch-up" or "mad").
GAZ-24-60 - Southern or tropical execution (dry and wet climate).
Operating Characteristics GAZ 24-10 Volga Sedan
Maximum speed: 150 km / h
Fuel consumption 100km in the city: 15 L.
Fuel consumption 100km on the highway: 10 L.
The volume of gas tank: 55 L.
Curb weight car: 1400 kg
Tire size: 205/70 R14.
Disc size: 5.5J x 14.
Engine characteristics
Location: Front, longitudinally
Engine volume: 2445 cm3
Engine power: 100 hp
Number of revolutions: 4500
Torque: 182/2600 N * m
Supply system: Carburetor
Turbocharddv: not
Gas distribution mechanism: not
Cylinder Location: In line
Number of cylinders: 4
Cylinder diameter: 92 mm
Piston move: 92 mm
Compression ratio: 8.2
Number of valves per cylinder: 2
Recommended fuel: AI-92.
Brake system
Front brakes: Drum
Rear brakes: Drum
Steering
Power steering: not
Steering Type: Globid Worm with Recycling Balls
Transmission
Drive unit: Rear
Number of gears: mechanical box - 4
Suspension
Front suspension: Screw spring
Rear suspension: Spring
Body
Body type: sedan
Number of doors: 4
Number of seats: 5
Machine length: 4735 mm
Machine width: 1800 mm
Machine height: 1476 mm
Wheelbase: 2800 mm
Front track: 1496 mm
Pitch back: 1428 mm
Road clearance (clearance): 174 mm
Production
Year of issue: From 1986 to 1992
