In the late 50s and early 60s, the giants of unprecedented sizes and power appeared in the USSR. One of the famous new products of that period is a four-axle all-wheel drive (8x8) chassis MAZ-543.
At the initiative of Marshal Soviet Union G.K. Zhukova On June 25, 1954, a resolution of the USSR Council of Ministers is adopted about the organization at the Moscow SIS and Minsk Automobile Plant MAZ Special Design Bureau (SKB), to create multi-axis off-road wheeled machines, for the Ministry of Defense. At ZIS SCB headed V.A. Grachev, on Maza - B.L. Shaposhnik. During 1954, SKB-1 and the workshop of the experienced production (COP) opened in Minsk.
The first development of the new "Mazazovsky" KB was the family of four-axis eight-wheeled ballast and saddle tractacles MAZ-535 and MAZ-537. These cars that have become serial in 1957, many years produced first MAZ, then, from the mid-60s - the Kurgan plant of the wheel tractor. The second basic four-axle MAZ-543 model was designed in 1961. This truck was designed as a chassis for mobile missile systems. As a result of research and testing, it turned out that the wheel chassis is significantly better suited as a mobile starting platter of the rocket than the tracked.
The specific purpose of the machine determined, for example, such a feature as two low and narrow two-door cabins on the right and left. There was a hood of a motor compartment between them - in the transport position, the rocket could be laid so that its nasal part was between the cabins - this was an important difference from the MAZ-535/537, which had an ordinary cabin installed in front of the engine compartment. Both narrow cabins MAZ-543, like the hood, were made of fiberglass.
The aggregate base of the MAZ-543 has retained a number of solutions tested on MAZ-535/537. For example, the engine served as a twelve-cylinder V-shaped diesel engine D-12-525, produced by the Barnaul Plant and created on the basis of a Tank Engine in-2 times of the Great Patriotic War. He was distinguished by the upper arrangement distributional shaftsFour valves per cylinder, lubrication system with "dry" crankcase. The gearbox of all four-axle masses of those years was automatic, hydromechanical, four-stage. The frame was called "troughting" due to a concave form of the cross, this also reduced the overall height of the installation. Running part An independent suspension of wheels with longitudinal torsion rods and planetary wheel gearboxes were distinguished. Managed wheels were the first and second axes. The car received the name of the own - "Hurricane".
On the MAZ-543 chassis, several dozens of weapons were mounted. But, in addition to the army, these machines, as however, and the MAZ-537, there have been many applications and in the national economy. These machines worked for construction sites of oil, gas and industrial enterprises throughout the country. They were used for transportation on special multi-axis trailers especially severe indivisible and oversized cargo. Sometimes a huge industrial installation has transported the "coupling" of several passengers - two cars attached one by one, pull the cargo in front, and another machine pushes from behind. On the chassis of MAZ-543, side trucks were created, ballast tractors, dump trucks, pipes, timber trucks. It should be noted that the existence of the MAZ-543 truck series was not a secret for the Soviet public. Already at the beginning of the 70s, automobile and technical journals, the various modifications of their modifications were exhibited at VDNH. Even self-propelled missile installations since 1965 participated in military parades on Red Square. And, of course, the enormous capabilities of such a car decided to take advantage of firefighters.
In 1973, at the plant of fire trucks in Priluki Chernihiv region, the release of an enormous airfield fire truck AA-60 (543) -160 on the MAZ-543 chassis, developed by the Prilukian OKB-8, which was engaged in fire appliances were mastered. The main specialty of the novelty was the airfield fire service. The machines of this and subsequent modifications of "hurricanes" were used mainly in large airports that took large passenger and transport aircraft. The tank and tank for the foaming agent included more than 10 tons of extinguishing agents: 12,000 liters of water and 900 liters of foam substance. This mass was required to suppress fire on such an airliner as IL-62 or Tu-154 and ensure the evacuation of passengers. In fact, for rescue work in the fires on aircraft such a class of efforts of fire airfield machines on the basis of ZIL-157, ZIL-131 or Ural-375, often lacked.
In addition, there were cases when the airfields had to sprinkle fuel. Here the power and mass of the fire truck also played a significant role. Firefighters MAZ-543 stood on battle duty directly at the airfields. Between the cabins over the engine compartment was a beftle trunk, rising, descending and rotating with hydraulic cylinders. This system was controlled by the calculation fighter from the cab. From the trunk, the car could produce a stream of water 60 liters per second at a distance of 70 meters or 36 cubic meters of foam 40 meters. In front of the bumper and behind the bottom there were foam generators with four nozzles - each to extinguish the spilled fuel.
In 1977, an upgraded appeared fire engine AA-60 (7310) 160.01. The basic chassis of the truck by that time was renamed the new GOST in the MAZ-7310. New model differed autonomous Enginewhich brought the fire pump Mon-160B into action and installed in the tail part of the tank. This second engine was the 180-strong V-shaped eight-cylinder gas engine ZIL-375, taken from a heavy truck. Then the AA-70 (7310) -220 modification was followed, which provided for the possibility of powder extinguishing fire. It was distinguished by the presence of a third tank for two tons of powder. Accordingly, the capacity of the main hydroda had to shorten up to 9450 liters. Finally, in 1986 basic model The four-axle car was upgraded and received the MAZ-7313 index, and, accordingly, the number in brackets in the name of both fire trucks changed. In addition to airports, firefighters "Hurricanes" were used, for example, in large industrial enterprises.
Of the dozens of fire engines based on Minsk "Hurricanes", many still serve at the airfields of various countries of the former USSR. The museum presents an experimental modification made on the basis of AA-60 (7310) -160 in one copy in the Fire Protection in the Balashiki near Moscow. This fire truck does not have a rear engine compartment, it was equipped with an autonomous engine and a pump of significantly lower power. The pump engine is taken from the passenger Volga, and the pump is from the ordinary fire truck. But this MAZ-7310 can act as a tractor for the trailed tank of a large container converted from the tanker. Such a machine is designed for the provision of more than two tens of tons of water and foam, allowing to fill the tanks and pumps of other fire trucks (on the Zilov chassis, "Urals", Kamaz) away from water bodies and water pipelines. This fireman "Hurricane" served for a long time on combat duty in one of the parts of the Balashikha district, and was used during a high degree of difficulty fires, for example, in 2005 firefare in 2005.
Technical specifications
| Payment | 4 people |
| dimensions | 14300x3180x3300 mm |
| Wheelbase | 2200x3300x2200 mm |
| Track | 2375 mm |
| Ground clearance | 400 mm |
| Engine | diesel, V-shaped, 12-cylinder, D12A-525 |
| Working volume | 38.8 L. |
| Power | 525 hp at 2000 rpm |
| Water tank capacity | 12000 L. |
| Capacity of the foam tank | 900 L. |
| Stud's feed range | 70 m (water), 40 m (foam) |
| Full mass | 43200 kg |
| Maximum speed | 60 km / h |
| Fuel consumption | 98 l / 100 km |
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Heavy freight car MAZ-7310 Hurricane is a civil version of the machine model 543. The serial edition of the technique began in 1976. The all-terrain vehicle is applied as an on-board truck, as well as a platform for mounting fire and special add-ons.
History of creation
Development of a new army all-terrain vehicle intended for transportation military equipment And the installation of rocket weapons began at the MAZ factory in the late 50s. The machine design was based on the nodes already produced MAZ-537. Due to this, the creation of a truck was completed in 1962. The new all-terrain vehicle, which received the designation of the MAZ-543, was submitted to the public in 1965 during the parade dedicated to the anniversary of the October Revolution. The machines shown were equipped with a launching for a rocket 9k72 Elbrus.
After 9 years, a civilian side version of the car was presented at the VDNH. The technique was distinguished by a simplified design, in which there was no army special equipment. Deliveries began in 2 years, but the all-terrain vehicle did not receive wide distribution in autoships. The main volume of the issued machines was supplied to the construction of oil and gas highways in Siberia. Also, the technique was used as a special airfield fire car and as ballast tractor.
Specifications
The car is based on a frame made of rivets and welding elements. Side spars are equipped with internal reinforcing overlays. Elements are placed on the upper and lower edges over the entire length. The front of the frame is equipped with a bumper and towing, behind the side surface of the spars installed towing eyes.
As power plant A V-shaped 12-cylinder diesel engine D-12A-525A is used.
The motor is equipped with an air supply system under atmospheric pressure and mechanical plunger pump. The power unit develops the maximum power of 525 hp at 1400 rpm. The enhancing transmission is connected to the engine, the torque from which enters the hydraulic 1-step transformer.
A planetary 3-speed transmission works paired with the transformer. Power distribution over bridges is performed using a mechanical dispensing gearbox. In the design of the node there are 2 speeds and an additional inter-sieve differential with the possibility of blocking. On each axis there is a wheeled transmission and an additional planetary gearbox in the hub. Transferring torque between nodes is performed by cardan shafts.
The all-terrain vehicle is equipped with an individual torsion pendant for each wheel. The design has additional levers that provide the wheel in the vertical plane and fixing in the horizontal. A hydraulic shock absorber is used to reduce the stiffness of the unit. On controlled wheels installed rounded fist With hinge of equal angular velocities.
Dimensions and technical specifications of the car in the standard delivery:
- length - 11657 mm;
- width - 2975 mm;
- the base of the front and rear trolley is 2200 mm;
- the distance between the internal axes of the carts is 3300 mm;
- height - 2950 mm;
- clearance - 400 mm;
- load capacity - 20,000 kg;
- weight in the curb - 23000 kg;
- trailer weight - 25000 kg;
- highway speed - 60 km / h;
- fuel supply - 520 liters in the main tanks and 180 liters in the backup;
- fuel consumption - 125 l per 100 km (along the highway);
- the length of the road train with the trailer MAZ-8385 - 20500 mm.
On the all-terrain vehicle installed 2 cabins, between which motor compartment. Each cab is calculated for 2 people, in the side panels there are 2 doors. Windshields Rigidly fixed in the openings, equipped with cleaners. For the heating of the cabin, individual radiators connected to the engine cooling system are installed. Air circulation through cells is carried out using electrical fans.
The cabin of the left side is equipped with a steering column, lever for switching speeds and other controls. Steering Equipped with a hydraulic amplifier for each of the 2 bridges. When turning, the wheels are deviated to 1 and 2 axes to a different angle. Werethod is equipped with drum brake mechanisms with pneumatic control.
Modifications
Based on a 4-axis truck there was a number of modifications:
- The first prototype of a new civil car was built with a side all-metal platform. In the future, such machines were serial under the index 7310. The design provided for joint operation with a 2-axle trailer MAZ-8385.
- For operation as a plettevosis and installation of various equipment, the plant supplied the chassis of the model 73101. The chassis based on the chassis was built airfields AA-60-160 and 160-01 models, as well as AA-70-220 and APS-70.
- Based on the standard length chassis, KS-5573 crane was performed, designed to move the cargo weighing 25 tons. The technique was used in the construction of oil pipelines in hard-to-reach areas of Western Siberia.
- The modified chassis with an increased by 1000 kg with a carrying capacity received the MAZ-73131 index. The car serially produced from the beginning of 1983. The onboard truck with similar changes in the design was indicated as MAZ-7313.
- For the installation of special equipment, an option was supplied by a chassis version, which was distinguished by the shortened frames of the frame on the backset and a reduced to 1,700 mm base of the rear trolley. At the same time, it was reduced to 2470 mm. The distance between the internal axes of the carts. On the basis of the chassis, the MAZ-7510 dump truck was built with small series, designed for transportation of 11.5 m³ of soil with a weight of up to 19,000 kg. The use of a shortened chassis allowed to reduce the total length of the car up to 10235 mm.
- Ballast tractor MAZ-73132, built on a shortened version of the car. Used on army airfields for towing aircraft.
- Crane installations of KS-6571 were mounted on a modified chassis, designed to work with a weight of 40 tons. The release of cars was carried out by the factory "them. January uprising, located in Odessa.
Autochnika today is an integral part of the fire protection. After people, this is the most important item. Belarusians with a complete base can be proud of their own achievements on this field.
IN soviet time Such a branch of industry, as the creation of fire equipment, did not exist in the BSSR. After the collapse of the Union, the theme began "on the knee", gradually developing into a fairly powerful industry. We remember the evolution and consider manufacturers of fire equipment from Belarus.
In 1993, the Fire Security program was adopted in the Republic of Belarus, which included an item to create a tank truck on the chassis of the Minsk Automobile Plan. The development of the design documentation was engaged in the military NGO "Agat", and the manufacture of the first prototype - the factory "Neman" in the city of Lida. During the test, the firstborn of the Belarusian fire truck caused many complaints. "The first pancake", as usual, came out with a com. The car did not pass the test, afterwards it was removed from it the cockpit of the combat calculation and redid the car into a foam move. As a "Pennik", the car "serves in the reserve" so far.
But the creators of fire trucks, by that time I had already accumulated experience, did not despair. In 1995, the processing of design documentation began. As a result, 95% of this documentation was subjected to radical changes. The second instance of the tank truck was built on the Dzerzhinsky experimentally mechanical factory. The car successfully passed the test, although this time not all the ideas of the designers received a ticket to life. That car and the remaining single instance serves in Dzerzhinsk.
In the meantime, the production of fire equipment for forestry was engaged in Belkommunmash. We started with tanks for leshozes, and then decided on the draft tank truck for the Ministry of Emergency Situations. Designers who worked on the creation of the Belarusian tank truck on the "agate" again met on the "Belkommunmash". For eight months, design documentation was developed, and in July 1998, the first display of new items took place. The third Belarusian fire tank truck on the MAZ-5337 chassis turned out to be a very successful and structurally worked out machine. It installed the Rosenbauer NH-40 fire pump with a capacity of 4000 l / min, or 66 l / s. The capacity of the waterboard was 4,700 liters, foam - 450 liters.
Belkommunmash and to this day makes fire trucks, although this activity does not particularly advertise. Why dont know. "Fiction" from "Belkommunmash" is obtained very good, structurally worked out, from good materials and in their own way even beautiful. However, in the center of public attention - trolleybuses, trams or highly fashionable electrobes are now. Just know that in addition public transport "Belkommunash" creates a fire technique.
Brest company Steam is very famous in professional circles. The motto of firms - "We know everything about the road markup." The company deals with all that is related to machinery and technologies road markup. There is own production of milling machines.
But, probably, few of the current employees of the company remembers that in 2006 a fire car was made. Fire tanker Az-3,15-40 has become the "first pancake" in the fire themes of Steam. The tank turned out not very successful, but in the history of the Belarusian fire truck, the Steam entered. The only built copy remained to serve in Brest.
Minsk LLC "Midivisan" has been engaged in the design and production of car vans: isothermal, trade, watch, repair. Products "Midivisans" in Belarus are now well known under the brand name "Lyubava". Sometime, the enterprise was almost a "garage-cooperative" manufacturer of simple "booths", and today it is well equipped with production, producing very high-tech products.
The fire technician is not a specialization of the company, but at least one fire tank truck model has created here.
Plant "MAZ-KUPAVA" - a recognized Master in the manufacture of bodies-vans of any destination on any chassis. The experience of manufacturing special vehicles for the Ministry of Emergency Situations is also available here.
As an example, we show the car of the technical service PBX with the body of the COP 5225-01 on the chassis of the MAZ 631705-370. In fact, it is a mobile repair shop for fire technology. In the passenger compartment there are three seats with seat belts, a closet for documentation. The locksmore-tool compartment has a workbench with vice, drilling and sharpening machines, a cabinet tool, lathe, a niche for a generator with an installed generator, compartments for gas cylinders. A hydraulic manipulator is mounted in the back of the car.
The Minsk company "Interrakurs-Plus" was once simply a dealer of the Russian plant "fiwash", but in the process of "evolution" became a separate manufacturer, who produces fire tank trucks of their own design. The peculiarity of the "intercurses" machines - the cabin of the combat calculation looks like a single chassis with a regular cabin, but these are two independent structures. The truck cabin rises, and the CBD remains in place.
Fire crankshaft lifts make in Vitebsk. The company "Vitstroytekhmash" - a noticeable player for the construction aged cargo market. The manufacturer claims that he is the only machine-building factory The CIS, which provides the conveyor type of assembly with the possibility of release up to 45 models of lifts per month.
Fire crankshaft lifts are a higher class of equipment. Lit it, however, using a large number of imported parts. In the production of work equipment, materials and components of such European manufacturers like Oleo Meccanica Industriale Componenti S.R.L (Italy), COMER Industries S.P.A. (Italy), Sandern Schneid-und UmforMatechnik (Germany), BadestNost (Bulgaria), Galli Erio SRL (Italy), MP Filtri (Italy), Hydraulfunktion AB (Sweden).
The 24-meter crankshaft lift AKP-24 (5337A2) is the fruit of cooperation between Belarusian and Polish fire equipment manufacturers. Built the lift Fabryka Maszyn Bumar-Koszalin. But the Belarusian SOOO "Plant of Modern Fire Techniques" was engaged in the installation of the superstructure and preparation of the chassis. The compact lift for urban conditions is already massive "worthwhile" of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. There are in the range of plant and a number of other interesting fire trucks.
The unconditional leader of the Belarusian Fire and Automotive Industry is SOOO "FiShnab" from Borisov. The once small manufacturer, and now a noticeable market player not only Belorussky, but also Russian. "FiShnab" began as a trading company "Fireman" directions, at one time conceived about its own production. We started with the installation of equipment in the body of other manufacturers, then they themselves began to collect tank trucks. Today, the tanks made by the "coherent" can be found in almost every fire unit of Belarus.
In the manufacturing program not only tankers, but also almost all the options for special fire and rescue cars: machines of foam and powder extinguishing, cars of combined extinguishing, airfield, staff, smoke removal machines, equipment for a diving and rescue service and much more, dozens of options. "Fireball" not only the leader of the domestic market, but also a noticeable player in foreign markets. Many Borisov fire trucks serves in Russia, they are even in Turkmenistan.
For several years, the official certified manufacturer of fire equipment has been the Ministry of Emergency Situations. In each area, there were powerful fire and technical centers (PTC) from Soviet years, read repair enterprises. There, the technique was previously repaired, and over time, the exhaust technologies allowed to design and produce fire trucks from scratch. Today, all PTC of all areas of Belarus - certified manufacturers, each has its own international WMI code.
But that's not all. At various times, the fire technician was also engaged in the Minsk MotoNews, and the Minsk Tractor. MMVZ made tricycles for firefighters, and MTZ - special mine fire trucks and fire special equipment for leshozes. Noteworthy is the fact that its own two-row cabins for fire trucks produces MAZ.
Noticed that in Belarus almost not to find the old fireman Zil? And, probably, in each fire department of the Republic of Belarus will be at least one car of Belarusian production. Most of the large parts are equipped with the Belarusian technology.
Ethi cars were secret only in the process of their development and implementation into production, and the selection of secrecy was imposed only on the types of weapons and special equipment mounted on them. As a result, with the beginning of the army four-axis, they immediately appeared civil versions capable of performing their functions in the Armed Forces of the country and in the national economy.
A government ruling from January 1966 was the impetus for the implementation of this process, which bidding Minsk Automobile Plant to send 5-10% of its military products for peaceful needs.
MAZ-543P (1966-1974)
In fulfillment of the instructions of the highest instance in the same year, the plant presented a multi-purpose onboard version of the MAZ-543P with a payload of 19.6 tons, made on the military chassis MAZ-543. His main things external differences From the combat vehicles were a low-voltage all-metal cargo platform with wooden lattice extensions, lack of special army equipment and freebies.
In the first year, 80 cars MAZ-543P were collected, and before the end of the release, there were a total of over two thousand cars. Initially, they were planned to be used at the enterprises of the oil and gas complex of the USSR in remote regions of the country with a weakly developed road network, but gradually the range of their application has expanded into industry, construction and logging.
In the 1970s, an experimental sample of a tractor with an experimental gas turbine engine with a capacity of 1,100 liters was constructed on the MAZ-543P chassis. from. Yaroslavl Motor Plant.
Family MAZ-7310 (1973-1991)
The activation of civil versions of military vehicles took place in the early 1970s and was directly related to the implementation of the promising project of a more powerful army family "Optot" (talking about it in front). The idea of \u200b\u200bcombining the development and introduction of two unified types of machines, military and civilians, could significantly reduce costs and time for expensive research and allowed to simultaneously experience different types Car with various aggregates and nodes.
In reality, it was not possible to achieve high results in this business: new people's versions were still based on the aggregates of the 543-series machines and with the Lot family did not have anything in common. As a result, new civilian sectors of the economy were only easy modifications of famous army trucks without shielded electrical equipment, free-storey devices, communications and other military attributes. They all had their own labeling and double appointment, but did not fit in either the national economy, nor in Soviet army.
The first in 1973 appeared car tractor MAZ-7310, adapted for towing heavy trailers. Its base was the army chassis of MAZ-543 with a 525-strong diesel engine and a hydromechanical transmission. The main exterior a distinctive feature Machines were a high-brewell all-metal cargo platform. On each side, she had two metal boards, who were twisted separately or together with the average pillar and equipped with lattice extensions, together with which their full height reached two meters. Wide-profile 14-layer tires invisible from the novelty. An optional onboard machine was a 22-ton MAZ-73101 chassis with a reinforced rear suspension.
In 1974-1975, the car MAZ-7310 in a coupling with a two-axis trailer MAZ-8950 passed state acceptance tests in 21 NII. It was not accepted for arms, but in the Soviet army in small quantities, these machines were used on secondary rear transportation, to install simple add-ons and as educational agents. Traditionally, they were all green, but they allocated for a "citizen". They allocated a ridiculous yellow-orange painting immediately.
In 1974, this gamut replenished two more civilians: a prototype of the 19-ton construction dump truck MAZ-7510 and the enhanced MAZ-7910 chassis with nodes rear suspension From the series "Plot". The last option served to transport long tubes, metal rolling, sawing wood (sorts) and remained in production for 12 years.
In experimental purposes on two chassis, the MAZ-7910 was mounted an experienced combat laser complex "Dreif", consisting of technological machine With a quantum generator and a launcher with a laser beam telescopic system. There is no information about his further fate.
In the national economy, cars of the MAZ-7310 family and their derivatives were planned to be used primarily for the delivery of large indivisible goods and towing trailers weighing up to 25 tons in remote regions of the USSR with a harsh climate. Forces transport enterprises They mounted additional fuel tanks with a capacity of up to 1,220 l, providing a record high stroke - up to 1.5 thousand km, allowed to overcome long distances with the complete absence filling stations and repair shops.
In 1986, the MAZ-7310 series was replaced by a modernized 21-ton truck MAZ-7313 and the MAZ-73131 chassis with a payload of about 23 tons. They were also based on the aggregates of MAZ-543, but the reinforced knots of the spiner frame and the chassis were used in them. Parts from the army gamut "PLOT".
Experienced short-passable MAZ-73132 crags with shortened all-metal cargo platform and 23-ton refinery MAZ-73136 with a two-axis trailer. In general, all the main operational parameters of the 7310/7313 series did not differ from the basic military versions.
In the civil service, where high power And the nickname "Hurricane" received a good passability of these cars in the Sheer's environment, they were too unusual for Soviet drivers, difficult, expensive and distribution on the "Citizer" did not receive. Small-sector assembly of a number of versions continued until 1991.
Autocran on the chassis of the MAZ-7310 family
On the civil chassis of the MAZ-73101 and MAZ-73131 Odessa plant named after the January uprising and his heir of Krayan OJSC mounted equipment of heavy multipurpose hydraulic dual-use trucks. In the army, they no longer found proper use and were used mainly in the national economy on general lifting works and in construction.
Since 1981, a 25-ton KS-5573 truck crane has been in production on the MAZ-73101 chassis - a direct heir to the KS-5571 military model. It was created for operation at the oil-producing enterprises of Western Siberia, but in single samples, he served in the large northern military formations of the Air Force and the Navy of the USSR. It also mounted an autonomous power unit in 50 liters. from. and a two-piece arrow of 14 m long.
In the 1990s, its development was the option of KS-5574 on the MAZ-73131 chassis with a three-section arrow, which was in length of 32 m, and the new heir model 5571 in general design and the configuration became a multi-purpose 40-ton hydrocar of KS-6571 with 18- meter boom and own force aggregate For driving of work equipment.
Fire trucks in the MAZ-7310/7313 family
The most famous intention of the machines of this family became heavy airfields of high passability for operational rescue operations and extinguishing of fire vehicles directly on the runway tracks of large airfields of the USSR Air Force and in the adjacent territories.
AA-60 airfield fire truck (7310) -160.01 on the MAZ-7310 chassis (photo of the author) The first attempt to create their own multi-axis dual-use fire trucks took place in 1975, when the AA-60 airfield car (7310) -160.01 appeared on the MAZ-7310 chassis (7310) -160.01. It was a massive red car full mass 43 ta, which developed on concrete coatings of military and civil airfields an incredible rate of 60 km / h, which allowed the fire-fighting agent to emergency aircraft in a relatively short time.
In those days, ordinary water remained the main means of extinguishing the fire, which was transported in a tank with a capacity of 12 thousand liters, and to increase the efficiency, special substances were mixed for the formation of a large amount of foam that prevented the combustion process. For the release of water and foam on the burning facility, a powerful boilers and special nozzles under the bumper were served to distribute them along the surface of the ignition. To drive a water pump, the machine was equipped with an additional 180-strong engine.
In the mid-1980s, fire-fighting equipment began to rearrange on the MAZ-7313 chassis, which led to the creation of an upgraded version AA-60 (7313) -160.01, in general, not different from the predecessor.
In 1979, on the basis of the MAZ-7310, a new fire truck AA-70 (7310) -220 was built with a tank for 9.5 thousand liters of water for the traditional struggle with the fire in conventional water and foam. The "highlight" of this car was the use of a new way of extinguishing fires with flameled powder, which under pressure was thrown through the second lightning barrel of small diameter.
Later, this equipment was mounted on an upgraded version of AA-70 (7313) -220. In this series, for the first time, a version with a regular beftle barrel between the cabins and two brandscapes on the lifting six-meter mast, which served to combat fire at height or in large areas.
Compared to foreign analogues, heavy Soviet fire trucks did not meet the rigid international requirements for the speed and dynamics of movement through the territory of airports, but they all for the first time allowed the closest to approach a higher level of development of our fire vehicles.
In this article, we mentioned a little-known family of Minsk army cars "Oplot" several times. For a number of reasons, he was not destined to replace the 543th generation outdated by that time, but nevertheless, it is worth telling about these promising military machines. They will be devoted to the following article, which, according to tradition, will also be released on Thursday.
