There is any substance in the process of its biotransformation, redistribution in the body and (or) excretion from the body.
Clinical meaning of client tests. The study of K. series of substances, or clienteds, is used in diagnostic practice to assess the extraditional and metabolic function of some organs, the size of the regional blood flow, the exchange of a number of substances, and in pharmacology and toxicology - to study the kinetics of drugs and widows. Depending on the objectives of the study, it is determined by either the so-called total plasma C., which characterizes the rate of purification of the plasma from the substance under study (test substance) without information about the nature of this purification (organs, biotransformation, etc.), or the so-called organ K. ( Renal, hepatic, etc.), reflecting the contribution of this organ to the purification of the plasma. It is generally accepted to denote clearance with a symbol of C, next to which the substance is abbreviated in the form of the index, which is studied (for example, C IN - Clearance Inulin, C PNC - Penicillin clearance) or a total plasma clearance (C TP) is denoted.
C TP is determined with respect to the amount of (i) the test substance introduced into a vein by one-time injection, to the area (S) under the curve of changes in its concentration in the blood plasma during the study process: C TP \u003d I / S. To determine the organ K., it is usually a continuous intravenous infusion test substance, maintaining the constancy of its concentration in the blood plasma (P) and determining the concentration (K) in the amount (V) of the author (bile, urine, etc.) obtained During the study. In general, the organization K. is determined by form C \u003d v.k / p, but for some substances in the study of the renal K. in this formula, instead of (k), the difference between the concentrations of the test substance in the blood and in the urine is introduced. To standardize clearance indicators, its values \u200b\u200bobtained are often expressed in recalculation per unit surface of the body of the surveyed.
In clinical practice, clearance tests are most widely used to diagnose disorders of kidney and liver functions. Using differences in the mechanism of highlighting the kidneys of different test substances, according to them, they determine the main indicators of the functional state of the kidneys: renal plasmock, glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption and secretion. To calculate the renovation of the plasmock, substances are used, from which it is fully cleaned with a single pass through the kidneys: a cardiotract, para -amicipurate (PAG), Hippron. Nar Nar corresponds to the cleansing of about 620 ml Plasma for 1. min.by 1.73. m 3.body surfaces. To measure glomerular filtration, substances are used that are not secreted and not reasurable in the tubules and come to urine only by filtration:, sodium thiosulfate, mannitol, polyethylene glycol 1000. by 1.73 m 2.the surface of the body C in is normal about 130 ml / min. Full satisfactory results gives the definition of glomerular filtration according to K. endogenous creatinine (without the introduction of the test substance from the outside). Significantly expanded the possibilities of studying renal functions. Applying clearance tests with radioactive isotopes (see Radionuclide diagnosis, radiography radionuclide). Thus, the definition of K. Inulin, labeled 131 I, allows you to determine the glomerular filtering at a low diurea, separately evaluate the functions of each of the kidneys, calculate the renal.
An important diagnostic clearance tests in hepatology include bromsulfortealein and phartaverdinic tests, a sample with Bengal Pink. With their help, they estimate the absorption and excretory liver functions, their dynamics during the treatment of patients with viral hepatitis and chronic liver diseases. Using the high hepatotropy of the Bengali pink, in the rate of its absorption of blood, judges the state of polygonal liver cells, and with the help of a drug labeled with radioactive iodine, also calculate the degree of absorption of the drug, the indicators of its elimination, the time of excretion, which allows you to identify breeding disorders, judge the obturation or mainly the parenchymal genesis of jaundice.
In the treatment of diseases in which biochemical blood is essentially disturbed, biologically active and toxic substances accumulate in excess, the directional change of them is to increase K. A number of toxic substances helps forced (see diuresis forced), hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, enterosorption, the introduction of complexons, plasche exchange transfusions; To increase the C. circulating immune complexes in immunological conflicts (see Plasmapheresis, Citaferesis), hemosorption (hemosorption).
II. Clearance (eng. Clearance cleansing;. Cleaning coefficient)in medicine - the rate of blood purification (less often - other media and tissues of the body) from any substance in the process of its chemical transformations, redistribution in the body and (or) isolation from the body; Determined as blood volume (in ml), completely freed from this substance for 1 min., or (less often) as the rate of decrease in the indicator substance from the organ under study or tissue (for example, by the semisutiment of elimination).
Clearance negative - K, characterized by a negative value, which indicates the holding of this substance in the body (in the blood plasma).
Clearance liver - K., which characterizes the absorption-excretory function of the liver, for example, K. Bilirubina.
Clien plasma common (Sin. K. Plasma Total) - K., which characterizes the total activity of all mechanisms for purifying blood plasma from this substance and determined by the dynamics of its plasma concentration after one-time intravenous administration.
Clien plasma Total - cm. Clien plasma common.
Knife clearance - K., which characterizes the excretory function of the kidneys, for example, K. urea, creatinine, inulin.
Clien fabric - K., determined by the rate of elimination of radioactive isotopes from the tissue (organ), in which the depot of the appropriate drug was created; Allows you to judge the speed of regional blood flow.
1. Small medical encyclopedia. - M.: Medical Encyclopedia. 1991-96 2. First health care. - M.: Large Russian Encyclopedia. 1994 3. Encyclopedic Dictionary of Medical Terms. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. - 1982-1984.
Synonyms:Watch what is "clearance" in other dictionaries:
- [English. Clearance] ground clearance Distance between the lower point of the aggregates self-propelled car (eg, car) and expensive. Dictionary of foreign words. Komlev N.G., 2006. Clearance (English Clearance) Road clearance distance between the bottom ... ... Dictionary of foreign words of the Russian language
Light, the depth of Russian synonyms. Clearance of land., Number of synonyms: 3 depth (24) Clearance ... Synonym dictionary
The development of automotive nature carries many innovations and innovations. Unfortunately, this cannot be said about the roads, which are produced great cars. Recently, many vehicle drivers complain that the roads are broken into the debt, and the drivers themselves become victims of accidents and simple "fleems" in the pit, after which the general condition of the car leaves much to be desired.
Especially strong this problem concerns the movement of motorists at night, when the roads are covered by one "unfortunate" headlights that are unable to fully prevent potential danger.
In such cases, a very interesting device - clearance comes to the help of the driver. If the motorist has no "spare" SUV to travel at night, the clearance can solve the problem of transporting the vehicle by completely unsuitable for this road.
1. Clearance - where is he and what happens?
Road clearance, or, differently, the clearance is the distance that is determined by the venomance of the car or its lowest part and expensive, that is, the supporting surface. The more clearance, the way the car is higher. Accordingly, with high clearance, there is a much smaller probability in damage to some part or node located below, or the bumper when moving along a broken and terrible road.
Also, the need for high clearance occurs in situations of extreme parking (some high border, moving through it), as well as in other cases. Quite simple is to clarify the issue of clearance in domestic cars, since in general terms all their possibilities are known in overcoming sitting road obstacles. Nevertheless, the domestic auto industry is not always pleased with the buyer, and when there is still an opportunity to purchase a good and high-quality, more reliable and comfortable foreign car, then a great question arises - what is the state of the car under the "domestic" roads? It is a variety of various selection of brands and car models that can be confused by a car enthusiast.
It is important to know that there are no specific uniform standards for the magnitude of the clearance. Nevertheless, there are mean values \u200b\u200bthat are divided between SUVs and passenger cars. In passenger cars, usually, the clearance distance is determined from front bumper to the ground cover, and the SUV - from the road surface to the protection of the engine or the device rear bridge. In this way:
- Clearance in passenger cars is 12-20 cm;
The clearance of SUVs is 18-35 cm.
When choosing a vehicle, or rather a car, or rather a passenger, plus, when consulting with an expert himself, you need to clarify: for which part of the car the manufacturer itself indicated the level of clearance? This is due to the fact that not all companies presented this data with full accuracy.
Thus, the lowest vehicle point is the front of the car. Also, such a point can be a part where the engine is located, as special protection is installed on top of it. In addition to this lowest point, the front bumper can be served. As the magnitude of the clearance, some manufacturers indicate that the distance that is directly between the Earth and the engine, and the protection dimensions that are located below are discarded and not taken into account. It may also be that the front bumper is closer to the road than the engine itself and its protection.
That is why instead of 150 mm, which were declared by the manufacturer, it is possible to obtain a significant decrease in clearance up to 120 mm. For ordinary comparison These quantities difference is not so big and terrible. Nevertheless, on the road itself, this kind of discrepancy can become a decisive factor and the cause of subsequent damage.
2. Cars with high clearance
All high cars can be divided into several categories that will be distributed depending on the size of the car and its cost:
1. Small hatchbacks that are equipped with a "package for bad roads". They are universals and have a relatively small cost.
2. Crossovers. These machines have a fairly convenient and spacious interior. Good for exploitation, but their cost is slightly higher than at hatchbacks.
3. "PARKTERS". Numerous cars that in most cases have a four-wheel drive. Their price is significantly higher than that of previous types.
4. SUV. The data is equipped with reduced transmissions and at the same time fully drive. Often have a large volume, solid total size and the same cost.
The first two categories correspond to the definition of a "high car". This is due to the fact that the developers in them usually do not lay the movement of the car by off-road. That is why the price of such cars is an order of magnitude lower than the price of the above vehicles, and they themselves are quite in fairness. Among this kind of "high cars" in all corners of the world are very often found as leaders in sales of class V.
3. How to increase car clearance
The best option for developing events with increasing clearance is a trip to a car dealership or car market, therefore, buying a car with great clearance. It is very important that cars with great clearance are safest. Speech on security in this case It is not by chance. This is explained by the fact that the small road clearance gives a car a very low location of the center of gravity. Based on this car stability above, and the aerodynamics are better. In addition, at sufficiently high speeds, all the stability of the car directly depends on the aerodynamics of the car.
Under the design of the car, the manufacturer with a certain clearance design is developed optimally taking into account all the above parameters, as well as their relationship with the calculation of the safe management of the vehicle.
The problem of adjusting clearance is that its change changes the other characteristics adjacent to it, which potentially lead to sufficiently deploy values \u200b\u200bof the vehicle stability during separate standard operating conditions of a certain vehicle and entails the car tipping. If there is a maximum inclination angle, which was calculated by the car, and a change in clearance was made, then the car will no longer ride at the maximum calculated coal of the road.
The design changes in the suspension itself lead to the smallest consequences for motorists when driving at high speed, as they can cause total or partial destruction of all its elements. That is why it is necessary to understand that the change in clearance wears both a good side and negative. In the automotive nature there are three ways to increase clearance:
1. Installation of racks and reinforced springs that will be higher and better than previous ones. Under the springs themselves are put on various hordes of gasket and insert.
2. Installation of tires and disks of another diameter. In this case, the winnings in height will be several centimeters, if not to make special design changes in the suspension. But in this case, there is a risk of leading the operation of the speedometer and other systems.
3. Alterations of suspension elements - constructive method. All suspension nodes are subject to replacement for details that are intended for other cars.
Road clearance (also known as clearance) is one of the most basic and important parameters Any car. Many of us when choosing a car often draw on this parameter. special attention. Especially the road clearance is important in winter conditions, when traditionally winter cares for public utilities surprise and roads even in large Russian cities turn into winter rally routes. Unfortunately, the fact that automakers indicate in technical specifications is often not true. For example, few people think about the fact that in fact the clearance of cars in reality is significantly less than the automotive companies are declared.
So if you buy a car with a road clearance of 140 and even 150 mm do not be surprised in winter, that your car literally scraps "high-quality" snow-covered Russian roads due to the fact that in reality road clearance of the machine is similar to some sports cars.
Our Internet edition decided to choose for you ten cars, which because of their road lumen are actually not intended for operation on Russian roads. Especially in winter time. We want to note that we did not include in our rating some exclusive rare sports cars, having a small road clearance due to their specifics. We chose among ordinary carswhich can be officially purchased in Russia and intended for operation in the city. To start, let's still find out what is clearance (road clearance) of the car?
What is ground clearance?
Clearance of any car is the minimum distance between the road and the body of the vehicle (or frame). In other words, the clearance is the height of the lower part of the car in relation to the Earth. As a rule, most manufacturers indicate the size of the road lumen, which is measured in an empty vehicle, in which there is no driver and passengers, as well as a spare wheel and luggage. That is why any car with cargo, driver and passengers has a clearance lower than the automaker states.
On an uneven, bumpy or snow-covered road, the road clearance plays important, because if the machine has a small clearance, there is a risk of getting stuck and even damage the car. As a rule, the smallest road clearance has sports cars. Due to the low clearance, manufacturers tend to maximize the aerodynamic resistance of the car air to increase the dynamic characteristics of a sports car.
Sedans also have not very large road clearance due to its specific design, when as some hatchbacks often have a slightly enlarged ground clearance. But the largest clearance, of course, have crossovers and SUVs, which are ideal for exploitation in the area with bad roads and on any roads in winter. That is why in our country selling crossovers beat records.
Pros and cons of high road lumen
But, unfortunately, the high ground clearance has a cons. Chief flaw Crossovers and SUVs are a tendency to overturn. After all, because of the high road lumen, the center of gravity of the car is too high. As a result, cars with higher clearance have more likelihood to roll over than vehicleshaving a small ground clearance. Also cars with a small clearance due to the lower location of the center of gravity of the body are more manageable and comfortable.
So when choosing a car, you should always consider that the high road clearance is not ideal. For example, if you want the car to have excellent handling, then you should buy a sports car or sedan, since even the most expensive crossover or an SUV will not be able to provide the perfect level of steering.
Is the reality of the car clearance made by the manufacturer?
But the truth you must remember that the road clearance inventive manufacturers does not correspond to real data. As we have already said, the clearance is measured by automotive companies in an empty not loaded by a luggage car. So in real conditions, the road clearance is always less than indicated in the specifications.
But the worst thing is that the road clearance, specified in the vehicle specification, as a rule, does not take into account the protection of the engine crankcase, which the manufacturer or car buyer sets. As a result, in fact, in fact, any car lumen is less than 10-30 mm. As a result, many cars presented on sale on Russian market, literally turn into a "sandmashin" to rotate snow on the road.
For example, if your machine according to the manufacturer has a good ground clearance of 160 mm, then when installing even plastic protection, the car will lose 10-15 mm clearance. So, at best, 150 mm of the road lumen will remain in the car.
Plus, do not forget that the official clien data do not take into account the load on the body. Therefore, if the driver will sit in the car and three passengers with a luggage, then you can also safely say goodbye, at a minimum, with 3-5 mm of the road lumen. As a result, just 147 mm will remain as ideally from 160 mm. In the worst case, all 140 mm. And this notice is not the same as 160 mm. This is especially disappointing when, buying a car, the road clearance for you was the main criterion of choice.
Yes, of course, when buying a car with a small road clearance, you can certainly and not install the engine protection. But then you risk damaging Carter power aggregate. This is especially true on Russian roadswho love to prevent unexpected surprises to drivers.
So the lower the clearance of the machine, the more reliably the engine crankcase is being protected from below. But, unfortunately, the reliable and high-quality protection of the engine crankcase in any case will eat from any car sufficient road lumen. As a result, possession of the same sedan in winter can be a huge problem for the owner.
Let's find out with the above mentioned information, which cars presented in our country on sale are poorly suitable for Russian harsh roads for operation in winter. We picked up the top 10 cars with the lowest clearance, the operation of which is problematic in winter.
10) Mercedes-Benz E-Class (W212)
150 mm (C AMG kit 135 mm)
Real road clearance:130 mm (with AMG kit 115 mm)
Popular in Russia mercedes-Benz sedan E-class in the W212 body gives its owners an unforgettable level of comfort and manageability. This car failed to many Russian car owners. Many of the appearance of the W212 body even started talking that the E-class again acquired the spirit of the legendary 124-body. But unfortunately, modern E-class Cannot be compared with the old legend. For example, in terms of road lumen. So the E-class in the Body W212 has a road clearance of 150 mm ( standard equipment - code 485). But in our country are popular more cars in AMG body kit. In this configuration, the E-class clearance is only 135 mm (code 486). There is a truth to still modify the suspension with an increased road lumen, which is 165 mm. But such cars can only be bought in Elegance or Avantgarde.
As a result, we see: in most E-class cars in the Body W212, the road clearance is only 150 or 135 mm. For Russian roads, this road clearance is very small. After all, as we have already said, the ground clearance specified in the specification was measured on an unloaded car. This means that from the claimed clearance can be safely taken away, at least 20 mm (5 mm when loading with luggage, when landing three passengers, driver and after installing metal protection). As a result, the E-class clearance in AMG in the kit will be only 115 mm. Agree to a significant difference. Do you imagine what is the wheel of such a car during the snowfall?
9) KIA CEE "D
Road clearance in the specification:150 mm
Real road clearance:125 mm
Another popular car in Russia, with which there may be problems with winter operation. We are talking about KIA CEE "D, the ground clearance of which, according to the official specification, is 150 mm. On the one hand, quite acceptable clearance on modern standards. But again, it is excluding the driver, passengers, baggage and traditional protection of the engine crankcase, which eat from The initial road lumen is about 25 mm.
If we compare with the Mercedes E-class, then because of the small size of KIA CEE "D, with full loading of the cabin, it sits down much lower, which ultimately leads to a lot of loss of the road space declared by the automotive company. Also, the feature of the KIA CEE design" D cannot be installed Carter protection, which would have eaten ground clearance. As a result, the real road clearance kia. CEE "D is not 150 mm, but 125, which is extremely small for Russian winter roads.
8) BMW 3-series F30
Road clearance in the specification:140 mm
Real road clearance:120 mm
Once-popular BMW 3-Series in Russia has for several years for several years she has been putting its position in the car market for several years. Naturally, it is primarily due to pricing and increasing popularity of crossovers in our country. But not the last role in the fall of popularity played a small clearance model. On the one hand, the "treshka" has the perfect "weighing" weight (50:50) and amazing aerodynamic characteristics, which makes it one of the best cars in its class.
But for controllability, the consumer is paid by low road lumen, which delivers inconvenience even in the summer when traveling the countryside. The fact is that according to technical characteristics, clearance BMW The 3-series is only 140 mm, which will agree very little for this size of the car. In reality, when landing in the driver of the driver and three passengers, the clearance decrease by 3-5 mm. Plus, naturally, each owner is set to protect the engine crankcase, which eats another 15 mm of the road lumen. As a result, the clearance of BMW is only 120 mm.
7) Lexus IS (third generation since 2013)
Road clearance in the specification:135 mm
Real road clearance:117 mm
As you already understood, we started our rating from cars, the road clearance of which is not very small, but, nevertheless, not very comfortable for winter driving conditions. Especially on Russian roads that traditionally hide from drivers under the snow before the arrival of birds.
Starting with this car, you will see cars with indecently low ground clearance, despite the fact that we have conventional cars that do not belong to sports cars.
And so in front of you LEXUS IS sedan, which has a clearance of only 135 mm!
As you already understood, this ground clearance declared by the manufacturer, you can only see in an empty car without luggage, as well as without factory protection of the engine crankcase. By establishing protection and putting passengers with a luggage, at least, get ready for the fact that the road lumen will decrease by 18 mm. As a result, in actually Lexus IS has a ground clearance of 117 mm.
6) Ford Focus restyling (third generation)
Road clearance in the specification:130 mm
Real road clearance:110 mm
Most recently, this car was one of the leaders of the Russian car market. In general, Ford Focus Quality and reliable carwhich is quite high-tech. But many owners of this model are rarely complaining about the small road clearance of the car, which often gives their masters a lot of problems. Especially in winter. The fact is that the third generation of focus in the body of the hatchback clearance is only 130 mm, which, taking into account the loading of the machine and install the engine protection, is very small, since the road clearance is not more than 110 mm in reality.
In winter driving conditions, even in large cities, this car can deliver a lot of unpleasant impressions to its owners.
5) Audi A1 Sportback
Road clearance in the specification:125 mm
Real road clearance:105 mm
As we said than less car In its sizes, the machine more loses the road lumen when landing into it the driver and passengers with a luggage. Therefore, so low Audi A1 Sportback, with full load loses 5 mm clearance. Plus the protection of the engine crankcase and as a result, the road clearance of a mini-car is not 125 mm in reality, and only 105 mm, which will agree even for a microheater vehicle very little. That's why audi owners A1 Sportback is trying not to travel to Russia on the road in winter.
4) BMW 6-series
Road clearance in the specification:124 mm
Real road clearance:109 mm
Another car of the Bavarian company, who fell into our vehicle rating with the smallest road clearance. We are talking about a 6-series engineers made very low in favor of manageability. As a result, when loading the machine and install the factory protection of the engine, the car clearance is only 109 mm. So no 124 mm of the road lumen does not go. Taking into account the fact that the wheelbase of this model is large enough low road clearance in 109 mm can bring their owner big problems on the winter road.
3) Renault Clio (Fourth Generation Hatchback)
Road clearance in the specification:120 mm
Real road clearance:100 mm
What do you expect from a small city car? Of course, fuel economy and ease of parking on narrow streets. But few people know that buying Renault Clio owners to face a problem that is associated with a small road clearance, constituting only 120 mm (according to the official specification. At first glance, the clearance is real small, but critical.
But this parameter in specifications refers to an empty car without passengers and baggage, as well as without crankcase protection. If the owner sets the engine to the car and go on a trip along with passengers and luggage, then the car's ground clearance will be approximately 100 mm. You can imagine how hard it is to exploit the car in winter even in a large city.
2) Mercedes-Benz Cla class (C117)
Road clearance in the specification:117 mm
Real road clearance:99 mm
Since the appearance of the Mercedes-Benz Cla class in the C117 body on the Russian market, this car began to be popular mainly in young people, which did not think about low traffic. But a few years later, most young motorists realized that this model was not intended for winter operating conditions.
The fact is that according to the technical characteristics of the manufacturer, the Mercedes-Benz Cla class has a clearance of only 117 mm, which will agree very little. After all, this is not a sports car. Moreover, after installing the engine protection and when the car is loaded, only 99 mm remains from the road lumen. As a result, most owners of this model prefer to use the car in winter only from time to time. Do not believe. Read several pages on the forum dedicated to this model and you will see one negative feedback pro winter operation cars.
1) Volkswagen Polo (Fourth Generation) Restyling
Road clearance in the specification:110 mm
Real road clearance:95 mm
Traditionally, everything volkswagen cars They have a good ground clearance, which actually allows them to exploit them in Russia even in winter without any problems. But only N. Volkswagen Polo.which was produced from 2005 to 2009. This model was very low.
For example, the road clearance of the car was only 110 mm. Since this indicator is designed by the manufacturer with an empty machine and without the protection of the engine crankcase, it is safe to say that in reality clearance will be no more than 95 mm. You imagine only 9.5 cm !!! For urban small car. Notice it is not about sports car. So if you are going to acquire VW Polo and expect to ride it all year round, then in winter, prepare a cable, a shovel and money to feed the car in each yard.
Clearance of the car - distance (lumen) from the lower central part of the machine to the road surface. The more this clearance, the more confident the driver feels behind the wheel. Only with great clearance can be easily driving along a snow-covered yard or on a rustic road. A short distance indicates that you can ride only on asphalt road covering.
Main varieties
Three varieties of clearance distinguish:
- small - 110 - 180 ml (passenger cars);
- average - 160 - 220 ml (PARCOnits and crossovers);
- big - 200 - 420 ml (SUVs).
Rules for independent measurement
It is not always easy to determine where this central part is located, because there are many convex elements on the bottom of the car. However, the most low is the front part of the vehicle - where is located heavy engine. For this reason, the lumen is measured in front.
You can make measurement yourself. To do this, climb under the car and find the bottom point. It is convenient to perform work on the auto-lifting or in a special observation pit. It is advisable to have not only a roulette, but also the level to determine the plane. Do frozen from the bumper - a mistake.
Before carrying out the manipulation, the car should be filmed with all the necessary liquids so that it falls as much as possible under its severity. There should be no people in the cabin.
What clearance is better?
On the level road surface can be ride with a lumen of 130 ml. For riding on the road with pita, the distance from the bottom of the car to the coating should be at least 160 ml. Such a car clearance will help the driver and in winterWhen he will move along a snowy road.
Car clearance can be increased. True, the other characteristics of the car will change. The increase in distance reduces the stability of the machine. There is a maximum inclination angle calculated for each car. For this reason, after changing the road lumen, the vehicle will no longer go smoothly at the maximum road slope. The change in the suspension can lead to partial or complete destruction of its elements when driving at high speed.
There are three ways to increase the lumen.
- Installing higher racks and reinforced springs under which various gaskets and inserts are placed.
- Installing rubber hoop and rims having a larger diameter. The height will change a few centimeters without any special changes in the suspension. But in this case, there is a risk of disorders in the operation of the systems of the car, first of all the speedometer.
- Replace suspension elements with details from other vehicles (read how to install).
If the car clearance increases, then this may have negative consequences for the operation of other auto systems. For such manipulation should be very good reasons.
Few people will argue with the fact that in Russia when choosing a new car, one of the most important aspects (if not the most important) is the magnitude of the road lumen. And such attention to this parameter appeared, unfortunately, not from a good life.
Traveling by car on the boundless expanses of our Motherland, no one will be surprised if the road suddenly turns into the "direction". There were still places in the outback, where people saw asphalt only on TV. Even in modern megalopolis, where some streets resemble the obstacle course rather, and winter comes unexpectedly, the appearance of a person with a portfolio in one hand and a shovel in another, became absolutely familiar. And very often, having bought a new car, the new owners, discussing the acquisition with friends or acquaintances, hear the disapproval: "Low!".
Let's try to figure out whether the magnitude of the road lumen is really so important, on which it is still worth paying attention and what to do those motorists who are not satisfied with the height of the landing of their car.
First you should decide what kind of traffic clearance or clearance is. GOST determines this concept as a distance between the supporting surface and the lowest point of the central part of the car. Where, in turn, the central part is a part concluded between two planes, parallel to the longitudinal plane of the vehicle symmetry and equidate from the inner surface of the wheels.
Of course, being in the car dealership, no one will count on the central part of the car, therefore, translating from Russian into Russian, the road clearance is the distance from the ground to the lower point of the car. Only find this lowest point is not easy. After all, the space under the bottom of the car is a whole journey of all sorts of structures: hanging parts from motor compartment, suspension elements, exhaust system, tank, located under the bottom of the "Outlet" - all this increases the chances of clinging when driving irregularities. Therefore, the increasingly of these lower points to find several.
The first-suffering element is most often the front bumper. It is he "checks" the height of urban borders and winter snowdrifts, grinds the snow riding between ribs. And it is precisely the distance from the surface to the edge of the front bumper it is worth measuring first, especially since doing it is the easiest. As a rule, the distance from the surface to the edge of the front bumper is noticeably higher than the minimum road clearance declared in TTX and the average is:
Road clearance of cars under the front bumper
For passenger cars - from 14 to 20 cm
For "PARKTERS" - from 18 to 25 cm
For SUVs - from 20 to 35 cm
On many modern cars around the perimeter of the bumper, you can meet the "skirt" from flexible unpainted plastic. This protective element is a kind of sound alarm at an obstacle. It is not necessary to scare a unpleasant plastic cutter, since the "skirt" is intended to warn the owner about the possibility of damage to the bumper or paint coating. Even if the "skirt" comes in complete disrepair, it will not be able to replace it on its own, especially since the cost of this part is usually kopeck. Some owners immediately remove this part of the bumper, thereby increasing the distance from the ground to the front edge of the car for 2-3, or even more centimeters. But keep in mind, with the next contact, it will have to suffer directly to the bumper with all the ensuing consequences.
Recommendation: best way Relo yourself from the experiences and save the front of the car at an initial form is to install the disconnected parking sensor. Moreover, if possible, a pair of sensors to position as low as possible. It is better once again Hear sound from the speaker than the bumper crosses.
Moving on the bottom of the bottom, the next important point, to which it is worth producing a measure of the distance from the ground is the engine crankcase pallet. It is he who most often will be the lowest point open space car. The elements of the front suspension or steering control into the calculation does not have a special meaning, since the total area of \u200b\u200btheir surfaces is too small. Even in case of damage, the cost of repair or replacement of individual parts of the suspension does not include any comparison with possible consequences Troubleside pallet crankcase. On average, the magnitude of the clearance varies:
Road clearance of cars under the pallet Carter
For passenger cars - from 12 to 17 cm
For "PARCATHERS" - from 17 to 21 cm
For SUVs - from 20 cm and above
Recommendation: Be sure to install the engine protection. Plastic linings are standardly present on some cars, at best, protect against dirt, performing, in fact, the role of anthers. But a piece of metal or carbon fiber, "eating" a few centimeters of the road enlightenment, will be able to protect most of the elements of the engine compartment from the stone or hiding in a snowdrift or a snow rut of the boulder. Carboral protection is more durable, but some manufacturers refuse to use it for safety purposes: front collision, engine, having met a solid "obstacle" from below, can squeeze into the salon. Despite all the evidence of the benefit from the protection of the Carter, many still neglect the installation of this equipment.
Successfully overcoming the obstacle to the first third car, we should not relax. Elements exhaust systemLocated along the entire bottom of the car, can be objects of attention of the speakers of the uneven road. Crop you can fuel tank or absorber, often located next to him. Design rear suspension (Especially dependent) also reduces the rate of the road lumege in the forage part of the vehicle. On the posterior or all-wheel drive cars blow can come to cardan Val. or the hull of the rear differential.
Recommendation: Examine your car from below, drove it to the overpack or lift. Knowledge constructive features Located under the bottom of the elements, will give the opportunity to skip the obstacles between the wheels from the right side, without fear of hooking something or tear.
In describing a vehicle in the automotive press, the term "geometric patency" is often found. But not everyone pays due attention to the values \u200b\u200bof this characteristic. And in vain! Cars with good geometric permeability, sometimes can easily drive there, where cars will not always erupt the vehicle.
First of all, it is explained by the angles of entry and the congress, the values \u200b\u200bof which are directly dependent on the length of the front and rear sinks, as well as the forms of bumpers. For cars with a long "nose", even the arrival on the tow truck sometimes represents the problem. And sin with a similar disadvantage not only cars, but also large all-wheel drive SUVs like Cadillac Escalade. Hanging under the rear bumper full-sized spare wheel or the "bank" of a powerful silencer do not add off-road advantages.
The second important value is the angle of longitudinal patency, which is determined by the maximum degree, in which the car can move from the slope to the horizontal part of the surface, does not hurt anything. Directly depends on the length of the wheelbase. Even with a large value of the clearance and corners of the entry / Congress for the long-base car, a banal congress from the border may be an irresistible obstacle. In close megalopolis, there are often vehicles, the drivers of which, without sparing the thresholds, are parked on the sidewalk.
But cars S. a small distance from the center of the front to the center rear wheel Can strike with their abilities. For example, the city's urban region 107, it would seem that at all adapted to the congress from the asphalt, having short overhangs, the minimum road lumen 15 cm and the base of only 2.34 meters easily overcomes steep roadsuckors and deep holes simply along the contour, without the slightest hint on That is to cling to something.
But an example of the loss of part of the off-road characteristics due to a stretched body is VAZ-2131. Classical Niva, who worked on off-road wonders, lengthened by half the meter, began to regularly cling to the "belly".
Recommendation: When choosing a car, pay attention to the features of the body structure and its individual items. A large all-wheel drive "PARTNER" or even an SUV can catch out where the usual car will take.
As a result, we can say that it is necessary to consider the magnitude of the road lumen solely in the complex with the rest of the characteristics of Pentility. When choosing a car, you need to clearly represent where and how often it will be used. In the end, the lion's share of the Russian fleet is far from Niva, UAZ, Hammer and Land Rovers. And neat driving, a good "sense of dimensions" and the knowledge of the design features of their car will make good compensation for the missing gentometers of clearance.
But, if still, the desire to increase the clearance of his car does not leave alone, you can make the following:
- Increase wheel dimension. The easiest and most inexpensive way to make the car is higher, having, however, your nuances. If you choose new car, in the list of options of which there are wheels of a larger radius, then it is not necessary to calculate in the clien. By increasing the radius of the disks, the manufacturer reduces rubber profile: wheels dimension 195/65R15, 205 / 55R16, 225 / 45R17, 225 / 40R18 have almost the same external radius. It is necessary to increase the rubber profile, but also an increase in the road will give a replacement of wheels from 195/65R15 to 205/65R16, that is, with the same profile, but a large radius. But in this case, not everything is so simple. The fact is that the external radius of the wheels, at best, will affect the accuracy of the speedometer readings, in worst, the speed sensor will fail, the malfunction of which will affect performance aBS systems and ESP (if they are in the car). So you need to think firmly before going to the tire store.
- A more radical way is to replace shock absorbers and springs on more "high". Now the proposal of tuning centers, especially in major cities, allows you to easily choose the suspension elements for almost any car. But, replacing any regular vehicle nodes - instant loss of the factory guarantee (if it has not yet ended). The increased road clearance will increase the center of gravity of the car, as a result of which the car will noticeably lose in stability, especially when the turns are passed.
- As can be seen from the first two points, the increase in clearance turns into noticeable shortcomings. And, if the car landing is categorically not satisfied, then the best way to make the car above is ... buying a more "high" car. And then everything depends on the requirements and opportunities.
Good luck on the roads and directions!
