What leads to severe road accidents? Is it possible to avoid a tragic collision? That's what advice give professionals.
Any country road is dangerous - in particular, gradual addictive to speed.
If you go through a low-loaded road for a long time, relaxation occurs from monotonous ride - and the reaction time increases significantly. If the average time of a complex reaction is in a situation where you need to immediately decide, 1.5 seconds, then with long-term relaxed driving it will increase to 4 seconds.
Maneuvering
If the driver starting some kind of maneuver does not warn about it in advance, he provokes other participants to sharp movements, "explains the expert. - And even if he, for example, turned on the "turn signal" in advance, then his signals sees the driver only one, next directly behind it, cars. She sharply goes to the side - and the third car sees an unexpected obstacle.
Therefore, according to experts, it is necessary to always pay attention to the signs - and be particularly careful before crossing roadsor Adjunction of secondary. Moreover, try to see the situation on the road not only through your windshield - through the glass ahead of the riding car. Another thing, if your car is going for an SUV, a truck, a truck - it is very important to keep the most remote. The actions of this driver are absolutely unpredictable for us - he sees an obstacle, invisible to us, and slows down sharply.
Unexpected obstacle in the traffic strip
On the road, simple, potentially dangerous, extreme and emergencies. That is, in the latter case, we do not discuss how to avoid accident- She, unfortunately, is inevitable. And the main thing is to choose from many angry the smallest. For example, if you compare frontal collision and congress in Kuvette, the latter is safer.
About the existing opinion that "Better" crash in ahead standing carthan fly to the counter.
If the wheel rotating machine is already turned to the left - and most drivers stand on a turn with rotated wheels, - from the blow it will throw it on configured stripe. That is - the same heavy will happen DTPBut with other participants, - says the expert.
And remembers how as a result of this accident Two years ago, Russian actor Yuri Stepanov died. In the Lights-standing "Zhiguli", in which he was driving as a passenger, Mazda crashed at speed. From the blow of the VAZ threw into the oncoming lane, where the car ran into another car.
Is it worth turning to the right?
The driver, according to professionals, should constantly scan the situation around the car, to understand every second, what is happening to the right / left, to evaluate the potential probability in advance maneuver. Because when he suddenly detects an obstacle in the strip, he may not have time to look into the mirror.
Suppose everyone is lucky - there are no cars on the right. The car will overtake the obstacle, the man behind the wheel is finished with a light fright. If on the right, someone moves, the driver, dramatically twisted in his direction, will push this car from the track, she will will fly to KuvettePerhaps the belch. People will suffer again. But God forbid it happens in the city, and in the passing car from the blow throws onto the stop public transport?..
Brake or not?
The expert advises: theoretically, if there is at least some possibility, - you need to slow down.
On the other hand, if the speed is very high, sharp braking Also can lead to unpleasant consequences. For example, at extremal driving courses, the output from the speed at a speed of 60 km / h is, that is, harsh braking Even on the "urban" speed Machine lies! At 70 km / h, everything is even faster, and the car is even more difficult to control. The driver who does not know how to leave the extreme situations on the road, can not do anything with her, the car becomes uncontrollable.
If "in the forehead" carries out cars
According to the expert, to predict what the driver will do when the counter car leaves its strip, unrealistic.
Unfortunately, there are situations where the driver is not what to do - I will not have time to think. If the oncoming car in the fraction of a second put into your lane movement - there is no chance to avoid collision, alas, no. If you see it in advance, then the time for maneuvers remains, but here you can make a mistake. For example, the driver goes and sees that the car leaves in his strip. He will signal, flashes - the car is still going to meet. To avoid a collision, our driver makes the decision to turn the left - on the free (!) configured stripe. At that moment the driver of the oncoming car wakes up behind the wheel, understands that he on the "oncoming"And turns back to his strip. There is a frontal collision.
Car
rules road They say to us: in the event of a danger, the driver must take speed \u200b\u200breduction measures, Up to the complete stop of the machine. So brake or maneuver?
In a passing collision, when moving the front course of the driver and passengers, pillows and a safety belt are saved, "says a specialist. - This is the blow, which is projected by manufacturers, is calculated when designing a car. That is, all security systems are "sharpened" at a frontal collision with an obstacle. Hood, motor compartment - This is a crumpled part of the car that shut off. Motor B. modern machines With such a strike, it should be structuring down, and not in the salon. The belt holds the driver, the airbag of its "accepts".
If you start maneuveringMost likely, a side blow will happen.
What does the driver protect in this case? Tin door. Everything. Side pillows, if any, are effective only with minor shocks. Compare the "nose" of the car, which should "save" when a collision with a front obstacle, and a tin, which will take a blow to the side, is advised by the expert. Even in the motor racing, he said, people are most often dying - on rally frame machines! - It is from lateral blows.
Frontal collision
Consequences of the frontal collision of cars
Frontal collision - type of collision in which vehicles (ships, airplanes, cars, trains) face each other in counter courses.
In road transport, due to high speeds modern cars, the frontal collision usually leads to death or severe injuries of drivers and passengers.
On the railway transport, the frontal collision implies the finding of trains on one way. This means that at least one of the trains occupies the wrong way or ignored the stop signal.
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.
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In recent years, accidents are increasingly marked, the reason for which the loss of management and departure to the oncoming lane of one of vehicle - Participants of the accident. This can occur both as a result of excessive driver fatigue and due to improper estimate of the distance needed for a safe completion of overtaking. What to do in situations when a vehicle appears on your runway? How to prevent the frontal collision?
Overtaking
According to the information provided by the traffic police service, the overwhelming number of frontal collisions on the track occurs as a result of an excessive confidence of one of the drivers in the ability to quickly overtake the vehicle slowly moving in front. In this case, the driver incorrectly estimates the speed of moving along the counter-lane, the speed of associated vehicles, the optical effects arising under conditions of insufficient visibility (fog), road conditions. All this leads to terrible consequences. However, it is possible to avoid an accident if the actions of a person sitting at the wheel of the second car will be quite literate.
Noticing a moving towards towards the car, it is necessary to maximally rate its speed and the possibility of safe completion of overtaking. In the case when doubts arise, it is recommended to reduce the speed, thereby increasing the distance existing in the counter car to complete the maneuver. Similar actions, with all simplicity, often help to avoid accidents.
In addition, it will not be superfluous and the light notification of the driver of the car, who left for overtaking, on the presence of other vehicles on his counterpart. Often, especially in twilight, the car visually merges with asphalt, becoming almost invisible. Need to enable for a few seconds far lightwhich will be difficult not to notice.
In cases where the distance to the counter car is already critical, and braking is not capable of providing the necessary distance, optimal decision is the congress to the roadside of the road. It is important to take into account the fact that the driver of the broken car, noticing the oncoming transport, can repeat his maneuver. Then the collision will happen on the side of the road. In order to avoid such a development of events, despite the critical lack of time, you must enable the signal of the right turn. In this way, it will be possible to coordinate their actions with the actions of the counter car. If the rotation signal includes a violator, it should not move on the road. IN this case It will be enough to continue inhibition, the maximum reducing speed.
Sleep drive driver
A somewhat different situation occurs in cases where the driver of the counter car falls asleep due to overwork. This often happens to drivers heavy trucks - Four. It is possible to understand that the driver sleeps, it is possible by the dynamics of overclocking the car on the counter-strip, as well as on its trajectory of movement. The vehicle does not seek to quickly leave the "oncoming", can move unevenly, wag on the road.
With such a development of events, experts recommend trying to wake up the driver, feeding sound and light signals. However, this should not last long. If the car continues to move on the oncoming lane, you need to quickly go to the roadside, completely stop the car and leave it. All this should be performed with a margin of time, by the time the car with a sleep driver has not yet approached the critical distance.
It is not recommended to try to disperse with an unmanaged truck with right-wing sides, passing through his strip. This option is possible in extreme situations when it is already impossible to stop, but the risk that the driver will wake up at the moment when your vehicle will be in its "dead" zone on the right. At the same time, a woken man will try in short time Return to your lane, facing or submit a car located there.
Loss of management
Perhaps the most dangerous situation of those considered in this article is the loss of a counter-car control (driving, power lock), accompanied by departure to the oncoming lane. The danger is that the oncoming driver is not able to take any action to prevent accidents. It all depends on the literacy and timeliness of the measures taken by the Second Driver.
In a similar situation, it is necessary to maximize the approximate trajectory of the movement of the driving control of the car. Next steps Directly depend on this.
If the car in the drift leaves on the row of the oncoming movement far enough ahead, there is no need to use emergency methods of braking and departing. It is enough just to reduce the speed, and in some cases completely stop your car. As a rule, the skid does not continue throughout the large portion of the road. Emergency transport or again acquires management, or drives off the road.
In cases where the counter car began to put right on you, the braking is no longer able to save the situation. Much more benefit will bring a sharp acceleration, which allows you to get out of the zone of a possible hit, while leaving the driver's control space for maneuver.
Situations when the car leaves for an "oncoming" in close proximity to you, requires the most quickly evaluation of the situation, competent reaction. Perhaps the only possible action here is a sharp departure from the right, on the roadside. However, there is a risk of drift at the time when the right wheels of the car are already on the ground, and the left is still on the asphalt.
If the detour is not possible, the departure from the frontal collision is carried out by the congress in the suburban ditch (cuvet). At the same time, the Congress, in order to avoid tipping, is carried out under the most stupid angle.
One of the most terrible traffic accidents is a frontal collision. At the same time, even if both cars moved with a sufficiently moderate rate, the consequences can still be disastrous, since the speed of both vehicles with front collision Summed. That is, if cars moved at a speed of 50 km / h each, the collision will cause the same consequences as if the car crashed into a wall at a speed of 100 km / h. Based on numerous studies, such a blow will have the saddest consequences for the driver and passengers.
After the collision and instant vehicle stop, the driver with passengers continue to move forward by inertia. That is why serious injuries are obtained. Among the most common belongs to the head of the glass. Therefore, for the driver, an extremely important skill is the ability to get away from the frontal collision. In some cases, if it is impossible to avoid a traffic accident completely, it makes sense to prefer the collision "on the tangent" or "contact" with a car moving in the passing direction.
The first thing to do with the threat of a frontal collision
As practice shows, the lower the vehicle speed before the frontal collision, the less serious consequences entails it. Therefore, with the slightest threat of a collision, the first thing is obliged to make the driver - to reduce the speed of your car. To date, many cars are equipped with the most advanced systems that are monitored automatically. road situation. With a dangerous rapprochement or his threat, give the driver the corresponding signal.
In addition, a number of systems, for example, CMBS, are able to independently activate the system emergency braking. But with their absence, tracking the situation on the road becomes the responsibility of the driver. In addition to compliance speed \u200b\u200bregimeIt is worth aware that in the threat of a frontal collision, much more preferably to be in roadside bushes or a cuvette, rather than to undergo their own life of danger, and a car - serious destruction. Naturally, it is not necessary to neglect the use of seat belts, since the airbag is calculated only on the fastened driver.
One of important momentsthat allow you to get away from the frontal collision is experience. But it is absolutely necessary to carry out for the wheel for many years, it suffices to pass special courses of contraloan or extreme driving. Such classes are a maximum of 6 days, and give the driver not only a sufficient set of skills, but also the necessary "muscle memory", allowing to act in an extreme situation almost automatically (reflexively). If it is impossible to undergo special training, you can conduct independent classes in the desert sites. Several sensible tips on how to get away from the frontal collision can be viewed on the video:
Proper landing in the car and the rule 2 seconds
Proper landing in the vehicle begins with adjusting the position of the chair. With its normal position, the driver is on the inclusion of any speed and the full squeezing of any pedal. In addition, before starting, it is necessary to adjust the position of the mirrors "for itself" - they must provide the highest possible overview. In no case cannot begin the movement during frozen glasses, which impede normal overview.
The rule of two seconds exists for a long time ago. Its main principle consists in measuring the distance to the nearest car not in its buildings or meters, but in seconds. To implement this rule, in practice, you should choose a landmark for a car moving in front and damage the time of its passage. If you go through the selected distance, it is possible to quickly 2 seconds, it will need to increase it. It is worth knowing that when moving along a slippery road, the distance is increased several times.
In practice, this makes it possible to adequately assess the impending danger and in time to take appropriate measures to prevent it. The so-called response distance for the driver moving at a speed of 60 km / h is about 20 meters - such a distance has time to drive a car before the driver has time to click on the brake. The braking path is added to this. In general, the distance should turn out to be so that the car can reduce the speed and maneuver, leaving the frontal collision.
Simple rules to help avoid a frontal collision
Frequently, the frontal collision is the result of incorrect overtaking, before the commission of which the driver could not adequately assess the situation on the road. To answer the question of how to avoid a frontal collision when performing overtaking, it makes sense to list simple rules:
- timely turning on the turn signal will warn all participants about maneuver;
- when displaced only one meter, left visibility should be at least 100 meters;
- it will take care of the reserve of space for overclocking so that the time to find the oncoming lane is minimal;
- before maneuver, choose the transmission that allows you to instantly dial the speed;
- the appearance of a car on the "oncoming" is a reason to refuse overtaking and return to your lane.
Skills to help prevent the frontal collision
In addition to the banal observance of the simplest rules and culture on the road (to serve alarm signal, avoid sharp maneuvers), it is necessary to show the maximum concentration and not to be distracted by existential affairs. Each food, drink drinks or lift the things fallen to the floor during the movement is unacceptable. Also, how to change the radio station or talk on the phone - all this is significantly distracting from the road.
Important! At a speed of 100 km / h in just one second, the car drives 30 meters in just one second, and even a slight weakening of the driver's attention is enough to learn to the oncoming lane and commit the frontal collision.
Sufficient attention must be paid to the availability of free space around the vehicle. At the same time, the distance must be chosen in accordance with the type of vehicle in front. So, it's better to stay away from the motorcycle, because it is less braking path. It is worthwhile to go from the truck, because it greatly complicates the review, and the sudden danger can be noticed too late when the frontal / other clash will be inevitable.
Do you know what is dangerous frontal collision? It is very, and to avoid it, you need to know special leases of care. And probably, many motorists faced such a situation when they meet the car with a mad speed from the counter-strip. Then collisions managed to avoid or because of a favorable case, or the driver knew how to behave. And what to do those who do not know this?
First of all, to avoid a frontal collision, the driver at a meeting of an unexpected obstacle must definitely slow down or reset the speed, but the steering wheel should only be done at the very last moment.
Frontal collision
The frontal collision is the worst thing that can happen on the road. Especially if. Therefore, first of all should be reset.
This is the most terrible accident, and the driver is in every way to avoid it.
A typical situation, and such an accident could be avoided. The road is well covered, the visibility is beautiful, not limited to anything. The day although winter, but everything is clearly visible and on the roads are not slippery. Why is that?
The fact is that the driver of the passenger car began overtaking on the rise. And as it is known, it is impossible to overtake on the rise, because you do not see the road ahead, especially if the track slightly worst right. What was supposed to do in this case by the driver of the car? How to get away from the frontal collision at such a moment? Of course, to reset the speed and try to return to your strip.
Often such types of accidents end tragically and especially the car, which is less than the size. The law of physics is different weight categories. And the driver a passenger carThat on the video from above, it can be seen immediately. He panicked and confused.
In addition, on trucks, if they face cars, there is a robust frame ahead. She not only really protects freight carBut also becomes a real scourge for cars.
If unexpectedly, an obstacle appeared in the form of the same passenger car, do not repeat the errors. Avoid a frontal collision, resetting the speed as much as possible and at the last moment acting the wheel. It is even desirable to send the car to the snow or a dormant on the roadside, but not facing the forehead.
As mentioned above, with a frontal collision of speed faces.
And now the consequences of such a terrible collision:
By the way, when a collision of the truck and the passenger cars, which we saw on the roller, the truck driver should not be signaling, and take a little to the right. Thanks to such an uncomplicated reception, the accident could be avoided.
What to do if the collisions can not be avoided
And if it's too late and nothing? What to do at such a moment?
Some experienced drivers advise (if there is a fixed vehicle accident with traveling), hide him behind the car standing ahead and avoid the frontal collision.
In addition, even stopping, you should know that with the frontal blow, the airbag will not work, if anything, and necessarily need to be a fastened safety belt.
Now about how to take the most weakly to strike with a frontal collision on the riding car. The first thing to do is try to translate a blow by tangential. In other words, again, to do everything to avoid a frontal collision, directing a blow to the side part. If you are not stipped, then there will always be time.
As for or light, it is also needed. That is what the truck driver has faced with a car (watch the video above), continuously signaling the danger. Often it helps, removes the driver of the counter vehicle from the stupor. A loud signal at such a moment can affect how the eared cold water, emptied on the head of the driver who lost himself. In addition, you warn the participants of other vehicles about the accident.
If it was not possible to avoid the frontal collision, and you are fastened by the safety belt (it is very important), close your face, especially eyes. Glass fragments can make them very much.
If at such a moment when the collision is inevitable, you are not fastened by the belt, then you need to lie down to the seat of the passenger.
It will also be easily removed from the metal pedals.
Causes due to which accidents and frontal collisions occur
Frontal collisions more often occur in winter. Although the roads are sprinkled by a merciless reagent, the weather is changed in winter and the surface road coat Frequently covered with ice crust. It also happens that the real winter ruts arise, especially on the roads of the local, not federal significance. It is clear that the safety of movement is very interferes. And such that elements can play a screw joke, even if you are experienced driver.
If we have the main cause of the frontal collision in Russia, then, according to the foreign edition of Forbes, frequent cause Such an accident becomes drunkenness. As you know, I have drank, even a little, the driver reaction is noticeably reduced and in extreme situations he behaves inadequately. In the same states due to wine there are about half of all accidents.
Not only drunkenness and bad roads, but also mobile phone It becomes the cause of the frontal collision. Oddly enough, but young people, and not only they, they speak the phone on the handle, and even the SMS messages are sent. And as you know, when talking on a mobile device, the risk of an accident is increasing four times, and when messing is six times. The same and speed of the reaction, which decreases by 9%, if the driver speaks by telephone, and for as many as 30%, if he writes SMS.
Adverse emotions can also cause accidents. Often, drivers go to the oncoming lane, having heard anything bad, or in a rage on someone become inadequate. There was a case of similar in the capital, when the driver at a huge speed crashed into a truck. What prompted him? The same emotions. He learned that his neighbors poured his apartment and hurried to save the property, but unfortunately, died in place.
Finally, the usual, no one needs or necessary to accidentally lead to accidents on the roads and a frontal collision. It is no secret that there are often hostages of such situations, inexperienced and young drivers. Exceeding speed, they think they learned to ride. But it is not. Diet leads to death and makes up as the reason, 13% of all the incidents of accidents in the world.
Ability to overtake the ability
All the above causes of accidents are nothing compared to. Indeed, it is the ability to ride the right saves many people from accidents, a frontal collision and death.
It will be not just about the skill of riding, but about the ability to properly overtake. And often, with an incorrect overtaking, the driver of the car leaves on the oncoming lane and faces his forehead in the forehead with another machine.
Care from the frontal collision depends on this skill. And to overtake on the track, I want almost all motor vehicles, especially if there is a dirty in front.
It will be useful to see this video if you read the following paragraph No time:
Technique overtaking. And the first rule reads: do not overtake, until you make sure that you do not move the car or there are no other obstacles! We must not forget that by overtaking, your car can be sandwiched between the two cars we ride on both sides.
In addition, there is always the likelihood that behind the reaching car at this point will decide to overtake. Therefore, you can never forget about the turn signals and always need to follow the road in the rearview mirror.
Each driver is obliged to comply with the following overall requirements:
- in addition to the overtaking overtakes, the turns turn to the other side where we want to collapse to warn all the participants in the motion of the maneuver;
- know that, shifting to the left on a meter or one and a half, the space ahead should be viewed by meters per service station;
- you can also forget about the reserve of space for overclocking, in order to minimize the time of stay at the opposite;
- if you are traveling by car with manual transmission, you should choose such a transfer that would allow you to instantly accelerate;
- it is always necessary to be ready for possible abongrability and return to your row;
- it is better to abong the overtaking, if suddenly a car appeared on the opposite, and not to look for the interval-space between it and the engine overtake;
- when overtaking, they should be armed with maximum concentration and attentiveness.
Observing all the above rules, the driver will secure himself from the most terrible accident that can occur - a frontal collision.
Video - frontal collision:
