Replacing the oil and maintenance of diesel, gasoline engines of the Motoblocks of the Neva. Motor-roll oil: for the engine, gearbox, transmission which oil is poured into the gearbox of the cultivator

Motoroblock service is to carry out a number of works that ensure the trouble-free and safe operation of the machine during its entire period of operation. Such works include changing the oil in the nodes of the motoblock, checking and preventing engine systems, adjustment of control mechanisms, tire care, and the like.

The motoblock must be cleaned of dirt and installed in a horizontal position, based on the third wheel (if any) or a stand that provides stability of the machine.

When running a new motoblock during the first 30 hours, it is advisable to operate the machine in a gentle mode, not allowing overloads and work on full gas. Such a mode will make it takes to work items and avoid their premature wear.

Periodicity of maintenance

Proper care for motoblocks implies a planning and preventive nature of the work. They include the service of the motoblock before each operation and the event to achieve a certain work of the motoblock. Before starting work:

• Oil level in the engine crankcase, gearbox (gearbox), clutch.
• Reliability of tightening of threaded connections.
• Status of protective devices.
• Tire pressure.

Each manufacturer sets its time limits, depending on the characteristics of the nodes and materials used in the motoblock. The estimated values \u200b\u200bof the operation, upon reaching which the maintenance and configuration of the motoblock is performed, are shown in the table below.

Work held	After each use	After 5 hours	After 25 hours	After 50 hours	After 100 hours or 1 time per season	Of necessity
Cleaning the motoblock and its nodes	+
Check air filter		+
Replacing air filter				+
Check spark plug			+
Replacing the spark plug					+
Replacing the oil in the engine crankcase *			+
Replacing butter in gearbox and clutch					+
Lubrication Cable Management System					+
Adjustment of clutch cable						+
Replacing the muffler						+
Klinorem tension adjustment			+

* The first replacement of oil in the engine crankcase must be carried out after the first 2-5 hours (different manufacturers indicate different times) of work.

Table is given for reference. Exact dates are set forth in operating instructions for specific models Motoblocks.

Engine

Most of the lungs and medium-sized motoblocks are equipped with four-stroke gasoline engines with air cooled. Their service includes the following main works:

• Control of the oil level in the engine crankcase, its regular replacement.
• Maintenance of the ignition system (verification and replacement of the candle, the gap control between the ignition coil and the magnetic core).
• Maintenance of the fuel supply system (system tightness check, fuel cleaning and air filters, adjustment of the carburetor, etc.).

Details of the working or newly stopped engine can be strongly heated, so be careful and do not touch them with bare hands in order not to get a burn.

Engine lubrication system. If the motoblock was purchased without oil in the crankcase engines, during its preparation, it should be poured. Motor oils are used to lubricate the engine for gasoline enginesWith the necessary viscosity on the classification of the SAE and API. Specific brands of oils are indicated in the operating instructions for the motor-block. Sungrarden, in particular, recommends applying for a motoblock MOG oil "SF", "SG", "SH", "SJ", "SL", "SM" aPI classification (S symbol means that the oil is intended for four-stroke gasoline engines) or by SAE classification, guided by the diagram below.

Oil viscosity selection in accordance with the ambient temperature (SAE classification)

The first replacement of oil in the engine crankcase is carried out after 2-5 hours (different manufacturers indicate different times) of the motor-block. Subsequently, according to the operation manual (usually after 25 hours of operation). The oil change is made at a heated engine (this will ensure good oil fluidity necessary when replacing it) in the following order:

• The cover of the oil-colored neck is turned away.
• The plug is turned out drain hole.
• In the pre-substituted container merges the oil (10-15 minutes).
• A drain plug is wrapped.
• Oil is poured to the required level (the level can be checked the dipstick).
• The cover is worst.

For example, at the Motoblock Sungarden, the oil should be inserted into the crankcase to the lower edge of the oil-colored neck.

Ignition system. On the motoblocks is usually implemented contactless electronic system Ignition, consisting of a magnetic pipeline built into the flywheel, ignition coil, high-voltage wire and candles. The distance between the magnetic pipeline and the ignition coil and the ignition advance angle are installed at the factory and usually do not require adjustment. Motoroblock service B. this case It comes down to checking the condition of the candle - every 25 hours of operation - or its replacement - after 100 hours of operation of the motoblock.

To check or replace the candle, you must remove the cap of the high-voltage wire and turn it out with the candle wrench. Inspect the presence of a car and measure the diploma by the interact of the electrodes. Depending on the candle grade, the latter should be about 0.8 mm (different manufacturers provide different recommendations). If you have a car, the candle is cleaned. The state of the threaded part of the candle and its skirt is also checked. If there is damage (cracks on the housing, electrodes wear, crumpled thread), the candle must be replaced.

When operating some models of motoblocks, the gap control between the magneto and the ignition coil is envisaged. The figure below shows the gap adjustment scheme for the motoblock Cascade MB6. The required distance between the ignition coil 1 and the magnetic shoe 3 is installed by turning the screws 2 and the coil displacement relative to the flywheel.

1 - electronic magneto, 2 - screw, 3 - magnetic shoe.

Running mechanism and fiber ignition system Cascade MB6: 1 - starter handle, 2 - fan housing, 3 - protective housing, 4 - cylinder, 5 - cylinder head, 6 - Magneto, 7 - flywheel.

Fuel supply system

Fuel filter. Filter contamination can lead to engine malfunctions due to insufficient fuel flow into the carburetor. When checking the condition of the filter from the tank, you need to drain the fuel, extract fuel filter And inspect it for pollution. Recruit and install it if necessary.

Air filter. The air filter cleans the air entering the carburetor. With its contamination, high-quality and quantitative composition is broken. fuel mixesAs a result, the engine is disruption. The condition of the air filter should be checked every 5 hours of engine operation. After 50 hours of operation, the filter should be cleaned or changed.

To clean the air filter, it is necessary to remove its cover, remove the filter element (there may be several of them) and clean it. Technology Cleaning depends on the filter material and stipulates in the instruction manual. Paper filters are cleaned with a vacuum cleaner and a slight tapping about a solid surface. Porolone is washed with water with some domestic detergent and dried.

Air filters of some models of motoblocks are located in an oil bath or impregnated with oil. In this case, after cleaning the filter, it is necessary to impregnate it again or replace the oil in the filter housing.

Carburetor. Initial adjustment of the carburetor of the Motoblock is carried out at the factory. Some manufacturers of motoblocks do not mention at all in the manuals for the need to adjust the carburetor, wanting to protect this delicate and capricious mechanism from the intervention of inexperienced users. Those manufacturers that provide such an opportunity are limited to regulation recommendations. idle move, the order of which is set out in the instruction manual. The essence of any idle adjustment is to achieve stable engine operation at minimum revolutions. Adjusting the Motoblock Carburetor according to the instructions for another motoblock (engine), can lead to engine breakdown.

Transmission (reducer)

In the gearboxes of motoblocks, transmission oils are used (SAE 80W-90, etc.). Oil level is checked before each use of the machine. For this, from the filling hole is extracted oil Prope, Washed rag, is inserted into the hole again and recovered again. The boundary between the dry and oil surface of the probe should be located between the minimum and maximum levels. If the oil is not enough, it must be addressed.

Replacing the oil in the gearbox (gearbox) is carried out every 100 hours of operation of the motoblock. Some manufacturers advise changing the oil after 50 hours of operation. When replacing oil, it is necessary:

• Unscrew the tube of the oil hole (with a dipstick).
• Remove the plug hole and drain the oil into the substituted container for 15 minutes.
• Split drain plug.
• Pour into the motor-block gearbox is clean butter to the required level (with the checker).
• Tighten the filler plug.

Clutch

In motoblocks, a disk clutch is most often used in a dry or wet (oil) mode. In the latter case, an SAE 80W oil is used or similar to characteristics. If a clutch in the oil bath is implemented in the motoblock, a periodic oil change is necessary, carried out simultaneously with the replacement of lubricant in the gearbox - after 100 hours of operation.

Klinoremented broadcasts. Belts tension adjustment is performed every 25-30 hours of the motoblock. Belts are changing when cutting, cracks depth to the carrier layer, bundles are more than 1/3 of the belt length and the impossibility of compensating for lengthening with belt tension mechanisms.

Control mechanisms

Service of control mechanisms is lubricating cable and adjusting the free move control levers. The lubrication of the cables is performed with the frequency of 100 hours of operation, but at least once per season. Free move The handles are checked and, if necessary, regulated daily. For more information on how to configure the motoblock in these cases, you can find out in the instructions for a particular motoblock. In particular, insufficiently stretched cables can cause incomplete closure or clutch opening.

Wheels

Operation and maintenance of tires of the motoblock is made in compliance ordinary rules Operating pneumatic tires. It is necessary to maintain pressure within the normal range (in the range of 1-2 kgf / cm 2, depending on the characteristics of the used tires) and produce the daily inspection of the wheels for damage and defects. When you install the bus, you need to focus on the image of the arrow on the sidewall of the bus, which shows the direction of rotation of the tire, in which the protector provides the largest traction wheel force. The operation of a low-pressure motoblock in tires leads to their premature failure as a result of the bundle. Increased pressure is also fraught with expedited wear.

Filling Motoblock.

When working with fuel, you must follow all the necessary safety rules.

The gasoline brand at an octane number must comply with the requirement of operating manual. For imported motoblocks, it is recommended to usually use gasoline with octane number Not lower than 92. The fuel should be poured not higher than the lower edge of the neck, too complete tank filling can lead to leaks and risk of fire.

Before each launch, the machine is checked for fuel leakage. Detected leaks are eliminated.

Launching Motoblock.

Before starting the engine, the motor-block should be filled with fuel, in the engine crankcase, gearbox and other nodes, the operation of which requires an oil bath, there must be oil, the ignition should be turned on, the speed switching lever must be in a neutral position. Consider the launch of the motoblock using the example of gasoline motoblock Cascade MB6. The start of this motoblock is performed in the following order:

• Open fuel tap, wait 2-3 minutes to fill in a gasoline carburetor.
• Put the gas handle to the middle position.
• Close the carburetor air damper (if the engine is cold). When starting the heated motoblock, it is not recommended to completely close the air damper, because This can lead to the re-enrolling of the fuel mixture and the engine flaw.
• After making sure the stable position of the motoblock, slowly pull the cable until the engine starts to perform a fuel compression cycle (at that moment the cable will have a slightly greater resistance). Now pull over the cable quickly continuous movement in full hand. Holding the starter handle, give a cable slowly shunt again on the coil. Do not stop the starter knob on the starter.
• In the event of an engine invision, repeat an attempt with an open air damper. If, after the second attempt, the engine did not start, wait 2-3 minutes to fill the carburetor with gasoline and repeat the launch with a closed air damper and with an open valve alternately.
• After starting the engine, open an air damper by turning its lever counterclockwise until it stops.
• Install the Gas Lever Small turnover and warm the engine in this mode for 2-3 minutes.

If the launch was made when the air damper was closed more than two times and gasoline dripping out of the carburetor, close the fuel tap, open the air damper and turn it out for the starter cord from five to seven times. After starting the engine, open the fuel tap and set the small speed to warm up the engine.

To stop the engine, move the gas handle to the stop position until it stops. Close the fuel faucet.

Storage of Motoblock

The motoblock should be stored in a dry, well ventilated room that does not contain aggressive substances (acids, alkalis). When laying a motoblock for storage, you need to perform a number of works:

• Clear motor-block from pollution.
• Drain fuel from the tank and carburetor.
• Merge oil from the engine crankcase.
• Turning the candle, pour into the engine 20 g of pure engine oil. Shut down the hole with a rap and turn several times crankshaft, then set the candle to the place without putting on it the cap.
• When stored over 3 months, install a motoblock on the stand, unloading the tires.

With regard to oil in the gearbox and clutch, manufacturers may vary. Some are recommended when making a storage of a storage for storage to merge oil, others - change it in the freshest.

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In service of agricultural tools, it is important to choose correctly pick up and consumables. Particularly acute, in this sense, the question is: what oil to fill in a motoblock. This choice depends the performance of the technique, its service life and a number of other factors that concern concrete brand Motoblock. Some manufacturers clearly indicate technical documentation that comes with the device, the recommended brand and the type of oil. However, this information is not always saved and as a result, the user of the equipment is forced to follow the basic recommendations, ignoring the manufacturer's warnings.

Which oil is better to pour into the engine of the motoblock

There is a lot of disputes, what kind of oil is worth pouring into the engine home Motoroblock. Who considers their point of view right, otherwise disprove it, but only one thing can allow these disputes - instructions for the device created by the manufacturer of equipment. Each of the manufacturers in it indicates the exact amount of oil poured, the method of measuring this quantity, and even the type of oil that is used.

What makes all their points of view, so this is that the oil should be intended for the motor. Severe two types of oils - oils for two clock engines And oil for four-stroke. Both of these options are used for motor blocks, depending on which engine is installed in the model. Mainly motor blocks have 4-attach engines, but to determine the type of engine worth viewing its factory labeling.

Both types of oils are separated by 2 types by their composition. This criterion allows you to select semi-synthetic and synthetic oils, or as they are also called mineral. It is believed that synthetic oils are more versatile and can be used constantly, but it is not.

The use of oils are separated by seasonality of using a motor-block. So, some models can be operated in winter time years, and due to the thickening of natural components that are sensitive to decrease in temperature, semi-synthetic oils Can not be mineral used in winter. But the same oils are successfully used in the summer and reliably protect the technique.

So, the oil is used as not only the lubricant agent for component parts The engine, but also is a medium that effectively holds the soot produced in the fuel combustion process, and metal fractions appearing in the process of erasing the parts. That is why most oils have a thick, viscous structure.

Which oil is pouring into a motor-block gearbox

Check out these articles

Despite the fact that the gearbox, as the engine actively work, they require absolutely different types of oils for lubrication. Inside the gearbox is not poured oil for the engine, but transmission oilproviding an excellent degree of lubrication of moving parts. The amount of oil poured is also determined by the manufacturer, but no longer the engine, namely the devices in general, in this case it is a motoblock.

Which oil is better to pour into diesel motoblock

In addition to the fact that oils are divided into synthetic and minerals are also separated by the type of fuel, which is burned by the engine. By standard API Three types of oils are distinguished - for gasoline engines, for diesel engines, as well as universal, which are suitable for devices of both categories. The first category includes oils with two-liter labels. In this case, the first letter of the left must be s, the second can be any of the list (A, B, C, F, G, H, J). If the oil is intended for diesel engines, then it will be the first letter, namely, C.

Universal oils suitable for all types of engines are usually marked with double marking, in which 2 types of device type are specified immediately. For example, it can be SF / CC, or SG / CD.

As for more detailed decryption of labels, it is worth noting that the quality of all oils is determined by the second symbol in the marking. The closer to the beginning of the Latin alphabet, the worse the quality of the oil. Thus, the diesel oil with the CC marking is somewhat worse on the operational properties than motor oil With CD marking.

What oil to fill in the motor

The peculiarity of the Motoblocks of Neva is a wide variety of modifications model Row by using different engines, respectively, from different manufacturers. Therefore, before you choose the oil for the motoblock, it is worth reconsider the instructions for the engine and to verify which oil is recommended by its manufacturer. On the peculiarities of models of motoblocks and technical specifications, read in the relevant articles - as well as specifications And the device of motor-cultivators - ,.

Which oil to fill in the motor block Subaru

One of the most popular models of the SUBARU engines installed in the motor-block is the Robin Subaru model. This engine is sufficiently sensitive to the quality of the oil used, so the manufacturer is recommended for it. automotive oil # 20, # 30, as well as 10W-30 according to SAE classification. Recommended class of oil - SE or higher. In this case, the quality of the oil should be no worse than SG. Therefore, once again, asking for a question: what kind of oil to fill in the Motoroblock Subaru, Ideally, it is necessary to prefer oil with the marking SJ or SH in case of its absence.

Whatever the motoblock worked perfectly perfectly, it must be maintained correctly and operated. Oil is a key factor that provides engine operation. Which oil to fill in the engine of the motor-block, let's try to figure it out on this page of the site.

The most correct recommendation on the selection of oil will be the recommendation of the engine manufacturer for the motoblock. Therefore, you will get acquainted with the instructions for the operation of the main engine manufacturers to the motoblocks and make excerpts from the instructions.

The choice of engine oil, as well as any other type of oil, depends on the two main parameters - operational category and viscosity class.

Classification of varieties of oil
Classification of the API on the operational category (American Oil Institute). See more detail

Classification of viscosity oil varieties
SAE classification (automotive and transport engineers society). See more details

If briefly:

Winter - With the letter W (Winter). Oils satisfying these categories - low-viscosity and used in winter - SAE 0W, 5W, 10W, 15W, 20W, 25W

Summer - Without alphabetic designation. Oils that satisfy these categories are highly viscous and used in summer - SAE 20, 30, 40, 50, 60.

All-season - At the moment, universal oils, which are also used in winter and summer, are most widely distributed.

There are such oils with a combination of winter and summer series: 5W-30, 10W-40

In winter, use oil with a smaller SAE numeric value (less viscous), and in summer - oil with a large value (more viscous).

Oil with several viscosity indicators has comprehensive stability in seasonal and temperature changes. For example, oil type SAE 10W-30 is suitable for use as a all-season. At low temperatures it is equivalent to viscosity oil Sae. 10W, and in the process of work possesses the same lubricating properties as SAE 30.

Motor brand Motoroblok.	Recommended engine oil manufacturer
	summer	winter	operating class
Robin Subaru (Subaru)	SAE 10W-30 - in moderate climate	SAE 5W-30 - in cold regions	Automotive engine oil; class SE or higher (SG, SH or SJ are recommended)
Honda (Honda)	SAE 10W-30 class oil is recommended for use at any temperature. If you wish to use seasonal oil, cholect the oil with a suitable viscosity factor based on the average temperature in your region		SG, SF.
Lifan (Lifan)	SAE-30.	SAE-10W-30 - All-season
BRIGGS & STRATTON (Brigcs)	When working at temperatures below 0 ° C, Briggs & Stratton recommends using synthetic oil. If you do not have synthetic oil, you can use Briggs & Stratton 10W-30 Intertectic Oil Article 998208 Note: Synthetic oil, corresponding to the ILSAC GF-2, API certification mark, and an API service symbol with an SJ / CF Energy Conserving inscription and above, can be used at any temperatures. Replace the synthetic oil by usual graphics. Air-cooled engines are heated faster than car engines. The use of instextectic thickened oil (5W-30, 10W-30, etc.) at temperatures above 4 ° C will lead to high oil consumption. In the case of using such an oil, it follows more often to check the oil level.		SF, SG, SH, SJ or higher
DM-1-01 (OJSC Kaluga Engine)	M6 3/12G 1 or M5 3 / 10G 1 GOST 10541-78, oil corresponding to the requirements of the API: SF; SG; SH and SAE: 10W30; 15W30.
DM-1K. Instruction from OJSC "Red October"	M10Gi, M12GA TU 38.10148-85 M6 3 / 12G 1 or M5 3 / 10G 1 GOST 10541-78,
Cascade MB-6	Motor oil M-5Z / 10G1, M-6Z / 12G1 GOST 10541-78 (Motor oils are allowed for carburetor engines According to the classification of SAE in accordance with the recommendations for use at various ambient temperatures. Mixing mineral and synthetic oils are not allowed.)

The engines of these stamps are installed on almost all motoblocks produced at this time such as non-Neva, MTZ, Salute, Cascade, Okra, Ugric, Taruin, Tarpan, Agat, Favorite, ICM and many others.

Motors such famous firms It is tested and tested on the specified oils, therefore the result of operation in accordance with the recommendations of manufacturers will be the best. The use of engine oil of the specified variety and viscosity significantly extends the engine life and increases its performance. Using insufficient or excess number Oils can lead to serious problems, including engine jamming.

In gasoline engines of widespread use, only motor oils of SE, SF, SG classes should be used.

SA	For use in low-mechanical stress conditions, when the additives are not required
SB.	For use in the average range of mechanical stresses. It has a weak oxidation, stable lubricating properties, protects engines from wear and prevents corrosion of bearings.
SC	For use in gasoline engines produced in the period 1964-1967. and not equipped pCV system. Minimizes the formation of deposits over the widespread temperature range, as well as wear and corrosion of the engine.
SD.	For use in gasoline engines produced in the period 1968-1971, equipped with PCV system. Compared to the SC category, it is better to reduce the formation of deposits in a wide temperature range, wear and corrosion of the engine.
SE	For use in gasoline engines produced after 1972 compared with the SD category, it is better preventing the formation of deposits in a wide temperature range, reduces wear and engine corrosion.
Sf.	For use in gasoline engines produced after 1980 compared with the category SE, it is better preventing the formation of deposits in a wide temperature range, reduces wear and corrosion of the engine.
SG.	It appeared in 1988 according to its characteristics, comparable to the SF category oil and is distinguished by additional high-quality improvements.
Sh	The highest category of motor oils introduced since 1992

CA.	For use in the conditions of low and medium mechanical stresses in engines operating on a small-sized diesel fuel. Reduces the corrosion of bearings and the formation of deposits at high temperatures, but unsuitable for the conditions of high mechanical stresses.
CB.	For use in the conditions of low and medium-sized mechanical stresses in engines operating on high-fired diesel fuel. Compared with the category Ca additionally reduces the corrosion of bearings and other parts of the engine.
CC.	For use in the conditions of medium and high mechanical stresses in engines without blowers and turbocharging. Sometimes used in gasoline engines operating under high loads. Reduces the formation of deposits at high temperatures (and in gasoline engines - both at low) and corrosion of bearings and other engine parts.
CD	For use in high-speed engines without blowers and turbocharging. Reduces the formation of deposits at high temperatures and corrosion of bearings and other engine parts.

Let us give the information on the oils used from the manufacturer of the manufacturer of motoblocks and cultivators of the Patriot brand (Patriot)

Patriot motor oil for 4-stroke engines (information from the official site)

Special high-quality engine oil for use in modern four-stroke gasoline and diesel engines with air and water cooling, installed on lawn mines, cultivators, generators, motoblocks, minitractors and other techniques.

Increased additive content reliably protects the engine at extremely severe operating conditions, providing excellent anti-wear, anti-corrosion properties and increasing oil resource before replacing it.

Special formula ensures the stability of the oil film.

Application provides:

1. Performance of Nagar formation, lacquer deposits and sludge;

2. Cooling the pistons, crankshaft bearings and other engine parts;

3. Maximum efficient engine protection from wear during cold start;

4. Reducing noise when operating the engine;

5. Extension of the engine resource;

7. Impecable engine cleanliness.

Oil 4x-clutter semi-synthetic Expert special all-season semi-synthetic engine oil for use in modern four-stroke gasoline and diesel engines.	Oil 4x-clock semi-synthetic Specific is a special all-season semi-synthetic engine oil for use in modern four-stroke gasoline and diesel engines. The use of the latest packages of additives allows you to securely protect the engine with extremely heavy operating conditions. Oil has excellent anti-wear, anti-corrosion and energy-saving properties.	Oil 4x-clock mineral SUPREME - Special high-quality efficient engine oil for use in modern four-stroke gasoline and diesel engines with air and water-cooled. Increased additive content reliably protects the engine at extremely severe operating conditions, providing excellent anti-wear, anti-corrosion properties and increasing oil resource before replacing it.

Periodicity of oil replacement in the engine of the motoblock

• check the oil level by installing the engine on the horizontal surface, wait until it stalks into the crankcase.
• when replacing the oil, drain it on the hot engine, unscrewing, drain and filling covers
• do not use additives and supplements to the oil
• get rid of the used oil in such a way that it would not harm the environment, do not drain it to the ground, do not throw in the garbage tank, the best option is renovating the oil in a closed container to the local processing point.

Please note that there are such engines in which an additional gearbox is built, in which periodic oil change is also needed. Here is an excerpt from the user manual for the Honda engine.

In general, there are two main types of engines to the "Neva" motoblocks, classify them in fuel - diesel and gasoline.

Electric units are also used in agriculture, but often much less often.

Diesel engines

Most farmers try to rationally spend any resources, including fuel for motoblocks. Diesel engines are considered a more economical option than gasoline due to less faster fuel consumption.

The main pluses of the diesel engine are:

• high efficiency (efficiency);
• long service term;
• economical fuel consumption;
• suitable for large land plots;
• it works more efficiently on low revs;
• it has a greater body effort.

It is believed that the details of the diesel engine wear less than his "gasoline competitor".

The owners of Motoblocks "Neva MB-23SD" on numerous reviews on the forums confirm that the life of the engine on a diesel engine longer than that of the gasoline unit. In addition, the high efficiency allows you to spend less fuel, and therefore financially this option is more acceptable.

Important! To lengthen the diesel engine service - it is necessary to start the motoblock from time to time full powerAt least for several hours so that it did not stand without work for years - this will noticeably increase the service life of the diesel engine.

The main problems of the diesel engine and their elimination

Technique working without failures is a dream of any farmer. However, in practice, it often happens that with the engine of the Motoroblock "Neva" problems arise.

The most common problems and factors leading to the malfunction in the operation of the diesel engine are:

• fuel thickening (eliminated fuel dilution);
• zoom nozzle (eliminated by cleaning);
• low air temperature (when working in frost, for example);
• low pressure on fuel injection (adjust the injection system);
• the reduced level of compression in the cylinder (caused by a number of reasons, including the attenuation of the cylinder head nuts, which is eliminated by adjusting the nuts; damage to the gasket, which is eliminated by the replacement; the destruction of the piston rings, their jam; damage to the components of the cylinder-piston group; too large gap between valves which is eliminated by adjusting the size of the gap; the valve rod sharing - will help dismantle the valve for flushing and cleaning the guide) ..

Another serious problem is a violation of the operation of the transmission. The main reasons for these failures are:

• clutch slipping due to belt or cable loss, high drives or springs;
• the clutch turns off not completely (it is necessary to check the health of the friction discs and the tension of the cable);
• the gearbox publishes a high level of noise (the first thing should be checked and the quality of the oil, as well as the level of wear of gears and bearings. If necessary - replace the worn items);

Finally, if the "Neva" with a diesel engine does not switch speeds, the reasons may be the following:

• the ends of the gears failed (eliminate this problem can be discerning the gearbox and grinding or replacement of defective gears);
• bearings and slots of the shafts were worn out, because of what the shafts are shifted along the axis (helps the installation of another set of locking rings and, of course, replacing bearings);
• the clutch system is negotiated (if the motor-block manages the newcomer, it is likely that the wrong way to switch gear was used. In this case, the adjustment of the clutch system must be entrusted with a professional).

Diesel engine maintenance - key points

In order to uninterrupted the operation of diesel motoblocks "Neva", the manufacturer recommends the following types of work on maintenance Engines:

• checking the oil level, topping or oil change;
• adjustment of clutch cables;
• check gear;
• check clutch friction units;
• checking and tightening bolts and nuts;

In obligatory order before installing the diesel motoblock, the Neva "On Easy" should be performed such actions:

• work out fuel until the engine stops;
• leave the engine to a complete cooling, and after drain fuel residues from the tank.

Maintenance of the diesel engine filter must be carried out after 8-50 hours of operation (depending on the degree of load and the duration of continuous operation).

After 100 hours of work, you need to replace the oil, clean oil filter and oil distribution box, carry out lubricants.

After 500 hours of operation, the same actions are carried out as at the same time after the first 50-100 hours of operation, it is additionally removed by car and dirt from the cylinder cover, oil filters and oil distribution box. You should also clean from the water tank scale.

Gasoline engines

Gasoline Motoblock "Neva" MB 23c-9,0Pro

The gasoline engine of the Motoroblock "Neva" has such advantages in front of diesel:

• easier to maintain;
• fuel does not freeze in the cold (for example, if you need to clear the site from snow);
• suitable for light soil (not virgin);
• perfectly proven themselves at work with plots of small size;
• noise level of such an engine is lower than that of diesel;
• lower cost.

The main problems of the operation of the gasoline engine and their elimination

Despite the set positive feedback Farmers about the operation of any type of engine, sometimes land owners when working on Earth, still have to face failures.

The main problems in the work of the gasoline engine are:

• power drop after motoblock idle ( possible reason such a failure - deposits on the walls of the carburetor and fuel systemis eliminated by cleaning and short-term idle work "for heating");
• the carburetor zoom (eliminated by cleaning);
• pumping a gasoline hose (eliminated by cleaning);
• air filter zoom (cleaner needed);

If the engine does not start, the likely causes of such a condition:

• too big angle of tilt of the motoblock (set on a flat surface);
• the fuel supply is broken (it will help the fuel system purge);
• filter zoom (recommended replacement or cleaning);
• candle fault (twist, clean, if necessary - replace);

If the gasoline engine stalls or works with failures, perhaps the reasons are as follows:

• the engine simply did not warm;
• candle contaminated (clean and remove Nagar);
• denied magneto (alternator) - will help replacement;
• it appeared white smoke (probable reason - low-quality gasoline or motor-block tilted, leaks oil and falls on the valve, it is burned and is the source of smoke).

Service of the gasoline engine - what to pay attention to

Gasoline Motoblock "Neva" MB 23B-10.0

Basic work on the maintenance of gasoline engines of Motoblocks "Neva" is:

• oil level tracking
• oil change according to the manufacturer's recommendation
• control of the ignition system
• control of the fuel supply system
• air filter maintenance (as a rule, after 50 hours). If necessary, such services can be done earlier, especially if the Motoroblock "Neva" is used on dusty terrain.

The gas station refueling is made using the oil grade used only for this type of engines or universal, suitable and diesel, and gasoline Motoblocks "Neva".

The oil level should achieve a special mark on the filler neck.
Replacing the oil in the motoblock:

The first planned oil change in the engines of Motoblocks "Neva" is made after 25-50 working hours.

If the motoblock is operated every day, then the oil replacement must be carried out after 25 hours, if less frequently, then, respectively, after 50. It is mandatory to change the oil during the change of seasons, for example, in front of spring harvest or sowing work.

What gasoline fill?

Motoblock owners on gasoline engines disagree in opinions, which gasoline is better pouring into the Motoblock "Neva". For example, for "Neva MB-2" and all its modifications the manufacturer recommends choosing only AI-92 and AI-95 gasoline.

Farm forums meet mention that motor-blocks are better working on gasoline with a low octane number, for example, the AI-80 brand. GOST 2084-77 regulates the separation of gasoline to winter and summer. It is obvious that gasoline with a high octane number contributes to corrosion and more chemically stable, therefore are suitable for most motoblocks by default.

What kind of oil to choose?

There are two types of oil - for two-stroke and four-stroke engines.

Engine type is determined by factory labeling.

Oils are divided into:

• synthetic (mineral)
• semi-synthetic

Oils for engines of motoblocks "Neva" are used depending on the time of year, for example, in the winter season, it is better to use synthetic oils, they are less sensitive to a decrease in temperature. In summer, semi-synthetic oils are used.

The API standard defines three types of oils - for gasoline and diesel engines, and universal. For gasoline engines, oils are used with the first letter S and the second, determined by the quality of oil (A, B, C, F, G) descending quality. For diesel engines, oils are used with the first letter C.

For oils, suitable and diesel, and gasoline engines, use double labeling, for example, SG / CD. The second symbol in the marking shows the quality of the oil, the closer the letter to the beginning of the alphabet, the lower the quality of the oil (the CD marking shows that the engine oil is better than the product with the CD marking).

Carefully examine the manual for the operation of the motoblock. The manufacturer indicates which oil must be poured into the engine or gearbox, so it is desirable to follow these recommendations.

For example, for MB-2 motoblock MB-2, the manufacturer recommends using TEP-15 transmission oil (-5 ° C to + 35 ° C) GOST 23652-79, TM-5 (-5 ° C to -25 ° C) GOST 17479.2 -85 by SAE90 API Gi-2 and SAE90 API GI-5, respectively. For "Neva" MB-1, transmission oil is recommended according to GOST 23652-79 (TAD-17I, TAP-15B and others).

Popular brands today: Motul, Esso, Mobil, Lukoil, Shell, Valco, Yarneft, Kama Oil, Leol, Wog, Unioyl, Krol, Spectrol.

Replacing the oil in the Motoblock "Neva"

First of all, you should decide whether to replace the oil? It is possible that its level is still enough to efficiently work the motoblock. If you need to change the oil, install the motobock on a flat surface and clean the surface around the plug-probe to fill the oil into the engine. This plug is located on the side bottom of the engine.

How to determine the oil level after the fill? Very simple - with the help of measuring probe. To check the oil level, it is necessary to wipe the cork-probe to the dry state, and then, without spinning it, insert it into the hole for filling the oil. On the trail of oil on the probe, you can determine which level it is.

Important! The oil level in the engine should not exceed the maximum mark. With an excess of oil in the tank, it can start leak. This will increase the irregular oil consumption, and therefore the cost of operation.

Before checking the oil level, it is necessary that the engine is cooled. The newly operated engine or gearbox will give incorrect oil level indicators, and it will be higher than in fact. When the parts are cooled, the level can be measured accurately.

Oil for Motoblock "Neva" with the engine Subaru

Separately, it is worth mentioning about the "Neva" model with the subaru engine. This is a very popular model, especially among newcomer farmers. The unit is quite powerful, with a big engine weight, so popular. The manufacturer recommends using TEP-15 transmission oil for this model (-5 ° C to + 35 ° C) GOST 23652-79, TM-5 (-5 ° C to -25 ° C) GOST 17479.2-85 according to the international system of classification of motor SAE90 API GI-2 viscosity oils and SAE90 API GI-5. The volume of refueling 2.2 liters.

For the Robin Subaru engine, car oil # 20 or # 30 is suitable, as well as 10W-30 (according to SAE classification). Oil class: SE or higher. Quality should not be worse than SG. For example, when choosing between oils with different marks, it is recommended to select SJ oil, and in the case of its absence - oil with labeling SH in the case of its absence.

Most an important recommendation The engine maintenance is to comply with the schedule of transition from operation in the warm season to operation during the cold season. When the air temperature drops below + 4 ° C should be swapped the summer type of engine oil on the winter. The same procedure in the reverse order should be performed when moving to a summer exploitation, when the air temperature constantly exceeds + 4 ° C.

Oil level in reducer

To find out whether oil is enough in a gearbox, you should unscrew the bolt of the control opening, which is usually located on the right. If the bolt starts to flow oil, its level is normal. If the oil does not flow, it should be addressed. The plot must be performed using a funnel and hose. The hose is inserted into the filling hole, then the oil fills, and when it starts to pour out of the control opening, it means that its level has reached the norm.

After tall oil, the cork of the test hole is tightly twisted, the cover of the filling hole is closed. Oil residues must be completely removed from the surface with a dry cloth. Types of oil for gearbox and engine are fundamentally different! The gearbox is filled with a transmission oil, and in the engine - ordinary engine oil.

If the motor unit is not used (located on storage), it is necessary to replace the oil with regularity at least once every 1-2 years.

Important! Pulling oil and replacement is not the same thing. To work the motoblock for a long time and without breakdowns, you must follow the replacement schedule and monitor the oil level in the gearbox.

What is the best use of the oil for a motoblock, how to change it correctly? To such a question, it is worth considering a special seriousness, since the choice have a good means It has a direct impact on the durability of the unit and the quality of its work.

What kind of oil to pour into the motoblock?

Before you go to the store, you need to read the instructions for equipment, there often indicate the recommended oil brands. There you can also find the instructions for changing the oil substance and the required fill. If this information is present, it should be unconditionally adhere to.

If no recommendations were found, attention should be paid to the model of the motoblock. For example, in a diesel unit it is necessary to pour diesel oil. It is important to take into account the time of year - separate species Oil substances are not used in minus temperature. For example, a snow blower oil must be purchased resistant to low temperatures.

If there is a motoblock running on gasoline and non-instruction, it is better to take the 4-stroke SAE 30 or 5W30 brand oil. In winter, preference is worth paying 0W40. They are expensive, but provide smaller engine wear. This criterion is very important, since the work of the motoblock has a serious load on the details of the motor. To purchase must be treated with caution.

There are cases of acquiring fakes that can cause significant damage to the mechanism of country technicians. To improve the operation of the oil in the engine to it, you can add additives - these are special liquid substances that enhance the quality of lubricant.

A selling of different compositions: oil for gas station, cultivator, trimmers, oil for 4-stroke engines lawn mowers, etc. Each has a number of features you want to know. Quality and viscosity The main of them. It is necessary to pay special attention. The first must comply with the requirements for the engine model, and the second - climatic conditions and the season in which the unit will be operating. The choice of oil substance depends on the model of the motor-block and from weather conditions in which it will work. Usually all this data are indicated on the label.

Main stamps and properties of motor oils

Criterias of choice:

1. The composition of SAE withstands large temperature differences. Oil oil for 4-stroke engines and not only, the garden units with the Honda engine work well on it. Oil substance is suitable for use at any time of the year. The degree of endurance can be determined by looking at the labeling under the letter W. The smaller number is indicated next to the letter W, the fluid is more adapted to changing climatic conditions (the smallest value is 0W). If the letter W is absent, then the oil is suitable only for use in the summer. The letters API indicate the quality of the oil. The numbers indicate the number of clocks in the engine. There are also combined oils that can be used in multi engines. EU indicator, or the degree of energy conservation, is denoted by Roman numbers and increases their meaning accordingly.
2. ASEA can also be used in passenger and in trucks cars. After the letter notation is set numeric. At the same time, high means the ability to make severe working conditions. The oil for the lawn mower may be with such marking.
3. MIL-L is applied to military equipment and denotes the nature of the engine. The cipher 2104 indicates that the oil is suitable for diesel motoblock, cipher 46152 - for gasoline.
4. GOST 17479,1-85 characterizes the viscosity of the oil. After this inscription, the set of letters and numbers are set, which indicate the type of fuel. In the absence of the latter, you need to know that the oil is universal.

The main condition of operation worm gear - Regular oil change. This contributes to the extension of the service life of the structure, as it protects them from foaming, and therefore, the transmission gearbox in operation. Today, there are already mechanisms that do not require lubricant replacement.

To successfully passed the oil change in the motor-block gearbox, you must use transmission substances. Before replacing the replacement, it is necessary to check the level of the old oil at mandatory, after that a soft cloth wipe the dipstick. The normal lubricant content in the motor-block should be between dashes indicating the maximum and minimum values. With insufficient quantity it is necessary to increase the level.

After 100 hours of operation of the motor, a lubricant is required. In rare cases, this should be done every 50 hours. What kind of oil to fill in the motoblock? That which satisfies all the required operating conditions.

The replacement procedure consists of several stages:

1. Locate the motoblock in a horizontal position.
2. Using a durable screwdriver, remove the plug on the drain tank.
3. Drain its contents in specially prepared dishes with a volume of at least 2 liters. It takes this process for approximately 15 minutes.
4. Split a plug tank.
5. Pour up to the desired level oil for the gearbox gearbox in the gearbox, after closing the hole. Pouring oil must be carefully so that it does not fit around the edges.

The most successful will be the use of the 10W30 brand. This is suitable for trimmer oil and for any four-stroke engine. The substance bonus is anticorrosive properties. The effect is enhanced when used in a combination with special additives, which can be poured at any time of the year at temperatures from -25 to + 25 ° C.

Some buyers acquire motoblocks without lubrication. Then you need to fill them with a new product before starting operation. Select oil into the engine of the motor-block you need high-quality and suitable. Be sure to pay attention to the viscosity, which is specified on the label. This indicator is perfectly suitable oil for the SAE and API Motor Windlock. But first you need to read the instructions for the unit, in which the recommended type of lubrication will be indicated.

The replacement is carried out every 3 hours of continuous operation. But it should still be familiar with the instruction manual and take into account the recommendations specified in it.

After the first procedure, conducted through the time interval noted in the documents, the replacement should be carried out every 25 hours of operation.

All actions should be organized only with a well-haired engine. So the oil will appear the optimal viscosity, which is important for this process. The motoblock during operation should be placed in a horizontal position.

The main stages of changing the oil in the motoblock:

1. Remove the container cover containing oil.
2. With a long and durable screwdriver, open the drain tank.
3. Dry the old lubricant in the dishes of at least 2 liters, close the drain tank.
4. Pour a new oil into the engine of the motor-block to the desired level. Pour in the motoblock more than the specified mark should not be.
5. Close a hole intended for filling the product.

Subject to the instruction, the process of replacing the oil does not take much time.

Conclusion on the topic

The cost has a direct dependence on the quality of the product, its indicators, as well as from the manufacturer's brand. Synthetic oils have price scatter in the range of 300-700 rubles. High-quality lubricants are produced by Strock, SAE and Rezoil firms. They stand quite a few, but when buying the original, their quality is guaranteed. The purchase of a new engine will cost somewhat more expensive. As a rule, people buying cheap lubricant remain unhappy with the result of its use. Therefore, it is not recommended to save on such things. It is important to ensure that they did not give fake.

In order not to make a useless purchase, you must take into account several basic moments. First, decide on the season to which the oil will be used. Secondly, to acquire additives to enhance its properties. They will definitely provide the details of the motoblock with additional protection.

If you choose a high-quality and appropriate type of motor product, then you can extend the service life of the unit and improve its work.