Austria is famous for a widely developed system of first-grayscale, high-quality roads. Movement in Austria is very intense, but driving culture at a very high level, although they are too slow down, so he has been kneading at the traffic light, you can hear how cars buzz different marks. The fare on highways and autobackers paid - on each car, under the windshield, the vignette (sticker, brand) should be installed, indicating the payment. Vignettes can be bought at gas stations or mail, with different time actions. Payment of highways is included in the rental price of our cars . On some roads in the Alps, additional pay for vignette is charged. Driving on such roads: Felbertauern-Tunnel 10.74 euros, Tauern-autoBahn 10.50 euros, Arlberg-Tunnel-Strasse 9,70 euros, Brenner - AutoBahn - 8.18 euros, Karawanken - Tunnel - 6.65 euros. IN winter time In Tyrol, there are certain areas of roads due to the danger of a snowy avalanger. And in some mountainous areas, movement is allowed only with special chains of anti-skid. When driving along narrow mountain roads, the rule of preferential passage is not available, mandatory on other roads - is inferior to the best condition for this.
When moving in Europe, it should be borne in mind that, despite the existence of international traffic rules, there are some differences in the rules of the road. Most often, this concerns high-speed restrictions and parking rules. Below we present the main features PDD Austria.
Behind the wheel is forbidden to talk on the phone, but it is allowed to talk through Hands Free in the presence of a device fastener.
Driver I. everything Passengers are required feed belt security.
Transport in cars of children to twin ten years and growth below 1.5 meters can be only in special chairs with seat belts. In the form of an exception, you can use adult belts if they are suitable for the growth of the child, i.e. when the shoulder belt belt seat does not go around the neck.
80 meters before and after the railway crossing is prohibited by overtaking vehicles. For violations associated with overtaking vehicles - a fine of 70 euros.
It is forbidden to include alarms during towing vehicle.
Use the anti-skid chains is allowed only on specially designated road signs of roads. A sign looks like a sign with a picture of an anti-slip chain on a blue background.
It is forbidden to overtake school busWhen he is blinking warning alarms (when boarding passengers).
High-speed modes: In the settlements, the maximum permitted speed is 50 km / h, on high-speed roads - 100 km / h, on the autobahn - 130 km / h during the road and 110 km / h at night (from 22:00 to 5:00). The dimensions of the fines for speeding are starting from 35 euros and can be a very impressive amount, depending on how much speed has been exceeded.
Together with this article, usually read about
To help those who independently plans their own travels, an overview article about transport in.
Automobile Roads in Austria
The first thing to know with those who are going to move around this country by car are: paid roads of Austria, and this is the mains of category A and S (autobahn) marked by shields of blue colorare paid with a special road collection, the so-called vignette. Vignettes in Austria should be attached to the windshield on the right or under the rear view mirror and the police have already published can determine: the intruder in front of it or not. The length of paid roads exceeds 2,000 km (2016).
Movement on a car with non-paid road collecting can lead to a fine of 120 euros - if you pay without conversations in place. In the case of post-payment, 300 euros will have to pay. In the case of a judicial recovery, the amount may increase repeatedly.
- There were cases that the transit drivers were penalized and including rented cars, which joked in Austria literally on the "minute". It is curious that read the presence of vignettes taught even road cameras!
Toll roads In Austria - Map - Tourists who come to Austria for a certain period or even moving transit can receive a 10-day, 2-month or annual sticker to their choice. Buy vignette is best right on the border of the country, or already on its territory (for example, on gas station, in newsstands, in post offices). The cost of a 10-day "passage" on the fare on the local highway is € 8.8 for a car weighing up to 3.5 tons and € 5.1 - for a motorcycle
- There are separate areas of roads in the country that require additional payment even in addition to the presence of vignette. For example, one-time passage on a beautiful length of about 48 km will cost € 25 (2016). Additional money from auto-travelers will be required for the passage from Innsbruck to Brenner's pass to Italy, and for the high mountain road of Sylvrett, and for the Dakhsteinstrasse and for more than ten such places.
Road Roads in Austria
Austria is predominantly a mountainous country and in winter movement in certain areas of roads can be very difficult due to snowfalls. If you are going to go by car in the mountains, you may need to take care of such an important thing as chains on the wheels: this measure can not be at all extra after heavy snowfall and will avoid jams on steep climbs or, worse, rolling under Slide at the most inopportune moment.
You don't have to joke with it - the mountains in Austria are high, and the roads are steep and climbing the ethnu at all risks will seem like a children's fun compared to such a sliding.
Winter in Austria is allowed to use spiderman rubber (from November 15 to the first after Easter Monday).
All cars at any time of the day must use the headlights of the Middle Light. Movement in Austria right-hand, the use of seat belts is required.
- The speed of movement in the settlements is 50 km / h (many are limited to 30 km / h). On the motorways can be moved at a speed of 100 km / h, high-speed roads in Austria (paid), which, as in Germany are called autobahn - up to 130 km / h.
Next to the driver, children under 14 years and growth of up to 150 cm can only be on a special seat. The maximum allowable blood alcohol content: 0.5 ppm.
This is a normal European level and it is designed to conscious drivers. That is, to drink a glass of good white wine in the restaurant and then you can sit behind the wheel, but more - no longer! Driving a car drunk can entail a completely serious, even by the standards of Austria, a fine, as well as deprivation of the right to control the vehicle.
- In Austria there are free parking for limited time (time is indicated on the road sign). If you stopped on such a parking lot, you need to install a special counter on the windshield, which will show the parking time (when renting the car, it is usually included in the kit). Otherwise, you again may run into a fine
Telephone emergency service (analogue of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations): 120 or 123
Road map of Austria
- There is also a large number of different bus routes In Austria connecting various places and places. The most popular operator: postbus (postbus.at).
Airports in Austria
As for airports - namely, the majority of people arriving at the mountain, the country has a whole line of airports serving both domestic and international flights.
The largest airport of Austria, Schwell in (Wien-Schwechat), is just 18 km south-west of the capital of Austria in the town of the same name. It is most convenient to get from it to Vienna with the help of S-Bahn Wien (Viennese suburban metro) - line S7, or with the help of a more expensive City Airport Train (CAT), running only between the airport and the capital. Naturally, from the airport you can also get out of the bus and taxis.
There are a number of smaller airports, such as: Graz Airport (Innsbruck Kranebitten Airport), Klagenfurt (Klagenfurt Airport), Linz (Blue Danube Airport) and Salzburg (W. Mozart Airport). All of them are not far from the city of the same name and mainly serviced internland and intraavry flights. Note that traveling with the use of regional airports can significantly reduce traveler transportation costs.
- National Austrian Airline Carrier: Austrian Airlines (Aua.com).
Railways Austria
Concerning railway transport, and here Austria can boast a well-established and clearly functioning system. The country's railway network (its length is about 5,700 km) well adapted for passenger traffic and is famous for pure German pedantry.
It connects both all the largest cities of Austria (for example, Vienne-Salzburg-Villah-Innsbruck-Feldkirch) and serves international routes: Vienna, Vienna Hamburg, Vienna Düsseldorf.
Main operator: Austrian Federal Railways (Österreiche Bundesbahn, Öbb, Oebb.at).
On the railways Austria uses a lot of diverse preferential tariffs designed for completely different age groups. Children under 6 years old enjoy the right of free travel, from 6 to 15 have the right to 50% discount. Also, 50% discount applies to traveling groups: for example, from one adult and one child.
Despite the existence of international traffic rules, Austria has its own driving features.
For the country, the ideal roads and a high driving culture are characteristic: aggressive style, as well as excessive non-historical, should be left outside Austria.
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Primary requirements:
- Middle light. Turn on the headlights at night and with a bad review (in the rain, snow, fog, etc.).
- Seat belts. The driver and passengers should be fastened, regardless of whether they are sitting in front or rear.
- Transportation of children. Children under 12 should ride only on rear seat And in the car seat by age. For children, more than 150 cm increases with regular belts, provided that the belt passes below the neck neck.
- Telephone conversations. You can talk on the phone only through the headset Hands-Free.
With an accident on the Austrian roads, the police challenge only with the presence of victims.
Maximum allowed speed
Blood alcohol norms for drivers
Permissible level - no more than 0.49 ppm for experienced drivers and 0.1 ppm with more than two years.
Penalties:
Penalties
In Austria there are no general established tariffs for violation of traffic rules, the amount of fines is established within the federal land. Separately, payment of fines is adjusted if the violations are made abroad, where the decision of the EU Directive 2015/413 is valid.
Austrian police have the right to recover a fine on the spot, but at the same time they are obliged to issue an official receipt.
If the fine size is too large and the driver cannot pay it immediately, it is necessary to leave a deposit, and the rest of the way to pay extra for two weeks.
The dimensions of the fines for the most frequent violations of traffic rules in Austria:
Fine size in Austria for speeding
In settlement
Outside the settlement
On the autobahn
Error - 3-7 km / h, depends on the speed (up to 100 km / h or higher) and the type of radar. The decision on punishment is made on the basis of the specific circumstances of the situation.
Equipment that should be in the car
- Reflective vest (used in all cases when the driver goes to the road, even during the daytime).
- Warning triangle.
- A first-aid kit
- Winter tires - from 1.11 to 15.04, studded rubber is allowed from 1.10 to 31.05.
Road traffic in Austria, in general, comply with European, but to avoid possible misunderstandings on the roads, you should learn in advance about some subtleties. We tried to talk about what everyone who is going to ride in Austria by car.
If you did not find an answer to your question in the article, leave it in the comments! We will gladly answer it! And if you are going to move exclusively on public transport, we recommend.
Tolerances for measuring the speed by police radar in Europe
This note is dedicated to the configuration of police radar (speed control systems) in various European countries, as well as the question of how these settings can be considered when performing travel in Europe.
Like any measurement means, a police radar (speed control camera) has a certain measurement error (tolerance). This error is taken into account by the police (often, but not everywhere), when determining the value of speeding.
Tolerances (or errors) measuring the speed of police radars - different countries in Europe, and are determined by the internal legislation of a particular state.
Sometimes tolerances are mounted depending on the type of radar and the speed measured by it, and sometimes a single tolerance is installed for all types of radars and any speeds.
In some cases, (for simplification) the value of the applied tolerance varies only depending on the measured radar speed, regardless of the specific type of radar - everything depends on local legislation.
The value of the established tolerance is subtracted from the speed of a certain radar, after which the value of exceeding is determined, on the basis of which the penalty is discharged, it will stop in more detail on this below.
For example:
In the figure, a penalty receipt for exceeding the speed in Switzerland is presented. Follow the numbers in the column:
123 km / h - speed measured by the radar;
100 km / h - permitted speed on the plot;
6 km / h - the accuracy of measuring speed radar;
17 km / h (\u003d 123 - 100 - 6) - the value of exceeding the resolved speed.
This shows how the admission (or error) of the police radar occurs when determining the speed of exceeding the speed and the amount of the fine.
In this part of the note, the data of the accepted errors (tolerances) of measurements of the speed of different countries Europe, the data on which are known (published). It should be noted that not all countries willingly disclose such information.
When I collected the material for this notes, (rereading a bunch of forums of foreign car owners, as well as road police sites of various countries, news sites, etc.), it discovered that an approach in disclosing tolerances (radar errors) used when measuring the speed of the traffic police , very different.
According to some countries, official information on the errors used in determining the value of exceeding the speed was obtained from one or two clicks, and in others it had to spend a pair (and more) hours to get to the truth.
Most of all, "encrypted" Danes. On the specific question To the road police (asked by the local driver on the site of this police itself): "What tolerance is used when determining the speed control chambers?", the police gives the answer: "You should not ride too fast."
That's right, a good answer. Essentially. But I still found the correct digit in one of the interviews.
In some countries (Portugal, Greece, Macedonia), the drivers themselves do not really know what magnitude you can exceed the speed "free". There is no such information.
In Portugal, for example, local drivers on specialized forums converge on what " like, Up to 20 km / h is not fine. "
Although usually (in other countries), on such forums there is one other connoisseur, which gives a reference to some local law in which specific numbers are indicated.
But this is clearly not about Portugal (and not about Greece with Montenegro, Macedonia and Albania). On these five countries, it was not possible to detect clear information.
Tolerances for measuring the speed of Europe
In fact, the radars measure the speed more precisely than indicated below (with an accuracy of ± 1.5-2.5% of the measured velocity), depending on the type of radar, and the method of its use (stationary, mobile, etc.).
In order to take into account all possible nuances, as a rule, the authorities of the country are legally established by the error, which overlaps the real (physical) error of the radar with a margin in order to avoid possible debates in the courts, etc.
So, the figures below are established by the state The accuracy of measuring the speed of police radars, when monitoring compliance speed \u200b\u200bregime On the roads in all countries of Europe.
But before, a couple of paragraphs for a better understanding of what is being taken to below.
Any radar measures speed with some error, that is, it can both overstate and reduce the speed measured by it relative to the real one. This is called the physical error of the radar (and this value is published by its manufacturer in the documentation for the Radar).
To take into account all the moments, legislators (in each country), establish some common measurement errors with radar speeds that local police should consider when performing speed control.
Legally established error includes The physical error in the speed measurement rate of the radar (as a rule, overlapping it a couple of times).
When determining the value of exceeding the speed (and, accordingly, the amount of the fine), the physical error of the radar separately not taken into account. It is assumed that it is taken into account in the magnitude that the legislator has established for all cases:
For example, if with a speed limit of 50 km / h, the stationary laser radar in Austria (the error established by law - 3 km / h) determined the vehicle speed equal to 58 km / h, then the fine will be discharged for speeding by 5 km / h:
58 km / h (the rate measured by the radar) is 3 km / h (established error) \u003d 55 km / h - 50 km / h (speed limit on this section) \u003d 5 km / h (speed excess).
Police, when installing the speed control means, takes into account this data ( established by law errors) when it is configured.
On the section with a speed limit of 50 km / h (in the city, for example), a stationary laser radar (a set error of 3 km / h) will be configured by the police to fix violations from 54 km / h, and the usual radar (Installed Error 5 km / h) In this case, it will be set to fixation of disorders, starting with a speed measured by 56 km / h.
About setting up radar and how this data can be used in practice, when traveling around Europe, will be described below.
To appeal, for example, in court to the fact that, they say, the radar could turn the speed, so let's take the velocity measured by them yet and its physical error (installed by the manufacturer) - will not work.
It is assumed that the legislatively established error is overlapped ( and includes) The error is physical. In my opinion, and we have done so in Russia (I was not interested in this issue separately).
AUSTRIA
- 7 km / h Mobile radar.
- 3% stationary laser radar;
- 5% stationary radar radar;
- 7% Mobile radar.
ALBANIA
There is no data, and even hints on them. Although, I saw the policemen with radar (stationary there was practically no in 2015, nor in 2018 - when I traveled there), but on the roads, employees with cameras met quite regularly. Most likely, 10 km / h, but I do not know. I did not find the slightest information on this topic.
Andorra
Measured speed:
- up to 100 km / h - 5
This is unverified (informal data).Roads that allow you to drive at a speed of more than 90 km / h in Andorra not. In principle, the magnitude of the admission "beats" with the same value in neighboring France (i.e. information looks plausible).
BELGIUM
ITALY
MONACO
San Marino.
FRANCE
Measured speed:
- up to 100 km / h - 5 km / h for all types of radar.
- over 100 km / h - 5% for all types of radar.
Belorussia
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
LATVIA
LITHUANIA
POLAND
- 10 km / h for all types of radars and for all speeds.
BULGARIA
HUNGARY
GERMANY
Liechtenstein
LUXEMBOURG
NETHERLANDS
NORWAY
Serbia
SLOVAKIA
FINLAND
CZECH REPUBLIC
SWEDEN
Measured speed:
- up to 100 km / h - 3 km / h for all types of radar.
- over 100 km / h - 3% for all types of radar.
In SerbiaSince 2017, the "zero tolerance" mode has been set to violations to exceed the speed, therefore, the penalty is discharged from exceeding 1 km / h (excluding the radard error).
Moreover, from September 1, 2017, Serbia has begun implementation electronic control above the average speed of movement on motorways in the country.
The essence of this method is simple. When you get a ticket at the entrance to the paid section of the road, it is indicated on it. When you drive up to the payment point and insert the ticket, the system calculates the time difference (for how much you drove this site), and your middle speed On it (the distance between points is known).
If the average rate by calculation exceeds 121 km / h, then the amount of the fine is automatically added to the fee. Police on duty in the same place, and discharges a fine on the spot. The minimum amount of the fine is about 25 euros (per middle speed from 121 to 140 km / h).
In the Netherlands, on motorways (at a permitted speed of 130 km / h), the fines begin with a speed of 2 km / h, and on the other roads, when limiting the speed of up to 100 km / h - with exceeding 4 km / h, while restricted from 100 to 120 km / h with exceeding 5 km / h (this is taking into account the above-mentioned radar error).
In Finland, Excess speed of 3-6 km / h does not lead to a fine, a warning is provided for such a violation. Penalties begin with 7 km / h exceeding and more, taking into account the error of the radar.
Quotes: "Sen Mukaan 3-6 Kilometrin Ylinopeudesta Seurauksena on Kaikilla Nopeusrajoitusalueilla Huomautus. Sakko Seuraa Kaikilla Nopeurajoitusalueilla Jo 7 Kilometrin ylinopeudesta.
Käytännössä Poliisi Vähentää Mitatusta Nopeudesta Mahdolliseen Mittausvirheesen Perustuen 3km / H, Jolloin Sakkoon Merkitty Nopeus on Mitattua Nopeutta Pienempi. ESIMERKIKSI JOS AJAT 60 KM / H Nopeusrajoitusalueella 70 KM / H, Niin Saat Rikesakon Etkä Huomautusta Ja Sakkoon Merkitään Nopeudeksi 67km / h. Mikäli Ajaisit Alueella 69 KM / H, YlinopeUtesi Olisi Varmuusvähennyksen Jälkeen 6 Km / H Jolloin Selviäisit Huomautuksella. »
GREECE
It was not possible to find accurate data, but for exceeding 6 km / h, fines are already coming (the lowest digit that managed to detect on the forums of local drivers).
It will be reasonable to accept the assumption that the error of measuring the speed is adopted as in most European countries - 3 km / h / 3%.
DENMARK
- 8 km / h for all types of radars and all speeds.
I had to work hard to find this data. Helped one spelling police officer who gave an interview to some local newspaper. Police officer quote:
"- HVIS VI SKAL MÅLE ET STED, HVOR DET ER TILLADT MED 50 KM / T, SÅ SæTTER VI UDSTIRET TIL AT MÅLE DEM, DER KØRER 59 KM / T, SIGER PETER STRYHN.»
Of course, for speeds 100 and above km / h, a higher tolerance can be installed there, but it is not necessary to experiment with it, the fines are also high there. Therefore, it will be reasonable to take it equal to 8 km / h for all radars and speeds.
SPAIN
Measured speed:
- up to 100 km / h - 7 km / h for all types of radar.
- over 100 km / h - 7% for all types of radar.
Macedonia
The exact data is not published. From the materials of the court proceedings of local drivers with the traffic police, it turns out that the local court recognizes the error in measuring the speed of ± 1 km / h. Stupid, of course, but I did not find other information.
PORTUGAL
The exact data is not officially published. From the words of local drivers on thematic forums, excess to 20 km / h - without problems. What, in principle, is confirmed by my personal observations for their behavior (speed) on the highway highways.
ROMANIA
Moldova
- 9 km / h for all types of radars and for all speeds.
SLOVENIA
Measured speed:
- up to 100 km / h - 5 km / h for all types of radar.
- over 100 km / h - 7 km / h for all types of radar.
TURKEY
- 9% for all types of radars and all speeds.
For the exceeding speed by 10% or more of the established limit, a fine is issued.
CROATIA
Measured speed:
- up to 100 km / h - 10 km / h for all types of radar.
- over 100 km / h - 10% for all types of radars.
SWITZERLAND
Measured speed up to 100 km / h:
- 3 km / h Stationary laser radar;
- 5 km / h Stationary radar radar;
- 10 km / h Mobile radar.
Measured speed Over 100 km / h:
- 4 km / h Stationary laser radar;
- 6 km / h Stationary radar radar;
- 10% Mobile radar.
ESTONIA
- 4 km / h for all types of radars and for all speeds.
The penalty for speeding is discharged when the speed of restriction is exceeded by 3 km / h or more.
How to consider the speed measurement error by the radar, in practice
How can information about the magnitude of the speed measurement error of the radar, and why?
If the tolerance is installed quite large, then consider (If desired and possibilities - i.e. if there is information about it), you can move on the roads a little faster than the bulk of drivers without disturbing traffic rules (and not receiving fines).
If you also consider the speedometer error (and its need to To take into account when performing trips to long distances, and not only), then the total speed of movement increases even more.
Here will also be told how to take into account the errors of the speedometer and the radar when traveling in Europe (you can take into account them when moving in Russia, in principle there is no difference).
But before that, you need to know how the radars of the traffic police are configured.
How to configure radars in Europe
Suppose that the speed limit on this section of the road is 90 km / h. The police will configure the radar for the trigger (on the fixation of the violation), when they define a speed of 98 km / h and above.
That is, if you move with a real (non-speedometer, but with a real) speed of 97.9 km / h, then the violations will not be fixed. Yes, it would be so if the radar had no measurement error (i.e., ideally).
If for this radar, the speed determination error is equal to, say, ± 2.5 km / h, then it can determine your speed equal to 98 km / h (and, accordingly, to fix the violation), as at a real speed of 95.5 km / h and at a speed of 100.5 km / h.
If the radar is wrong towards the understatement of the measured speed from real, it is good, there will be no problems. But if it is a bit (within its admission) will overeat the measured speed, then problems will appear. This moment is displayed in Figure Signature "May be fine - may be free."
And you never guess which way the radar will be wrong. Conclusion Simple: No need to use this "gap" completely, even if it is installed. Always leave the reserve of 3-5 km / h to the real error of the radar (the higher the speed - the more stock).
In the countries where the law is not established by the Radar errors in the implementation of speed control, the police simply set up a radar 1 km / h above limiting the speed of the speed installed in this area (which, of course, methodologically incorrectly, but ... DURA LEX SED LEX).
How to ride the faster all without disturbing traffic rules
The faster of all can be driving if, when withsting speed when traveling, take into account the correction to the speedometer speed, and the accuracy of measuring the speed of the radar. How to do it - told below.
A good speedometer on all machines, always slightly (by 3-10%) overlaps the speed. It depends on the manufacturer and specific model car. For example, a speedometer on my car overstate the speed of 5%.
This means that when moving at a speed of exactly 100 km / h along a speedometer, the actual speed will be 95 km / h. The value of the speedometer error is usually not voiced by the manufacturer, but it can be calculated independently.
How can I use this information?
For example, when driving on highways in Europe, a permitted speed is 130 km / h (in most countries). But the speedometer overstimizes the speed indications, therefore, when, according to its testimony, the speed is maintained exactly 130 km / h, the real speed will be slightly lower.
For example, for my car (speedometer overstimizes 5% indications), the actual speed will be not 130 km / h, and:
130 (speed meter speed) - 5% (error) \u003d 123.5 km / h.
Oh-from ... and you can drive 130 km / h. So, on the speedometer, you can keep the speed above 6.5 km / h (136.5 km / h), and the fine will not be, since the actual speed will be 130 km / h. Already more fun.
Knowing the features of local traffic rules, you can choose this "gap" even more, taking into account the permissible error of measuring the speed of the radar installed in a particular country.
For example, in Croatia, permitted speed when driving through a highway - 130 km / h, and the accepted error of measuring measurements radar - 10% at speeds above 100 km / h (see the data above).
That is, when measuring the speed on the highway, the Croatian police set up radars for fixing the speed disturbance from 146 km / h:
146 km / h - 10% \u003d 131 km / h.
That is, when determining the rate radar of 146 km / h, in the receipt, the value of the measured velocity is 131 km / h, and exceeding the speed for which the penalty will be discharged, will be 1 km / h.
Based on the foregoing, at a speed of 145 km / h, it is quite possible to move and not be afraid to get a fine. But if my speedometer overestims the speed by 5%, the real speed of 145 km / h will be achieved at speedometer speed:
145 + 5% \u003d 152 km / h
Thus, in Croatia on the highway, you can go on a speedometer 152 km / h (on my, concrete car), and there will be no problems. While most drivers (who do not bother with similar details), there will be 130-135 km / h there and you will quietly overtake them without disturbing the rules (notice!).
BUT! As always, there is one small, but important "but", which should be taken into account, and about which has already been mentioned above. The fact is that the error of the Radar is like a "plus" sign, and with the "minus" sign. And it can work and not in your favor.
Suppose the error of the radar controlling speed (real, in factual conditions, and not established by the rules) is 2.5% of the speed measured. What does it mean?
This means that when measuring speed, the radar can both "guess" it exactly, and overstate or underestimated the measured value within this error, from the actual speed. Moreover, it is never unknown when it will overestimate the measured value, and when it takes off.
That is, (returning to example above), if you go along the highway in Croatia with a real speed of exactly 145 km / h, then the radar can determine your speed as exactly 145 km / h (that is, without an error), can undress it By magnitude up to 2.5% (i.e., to determine it as 145-2.5% \u003d 141 km / h), and maybe both overeating the error value, i.e. Determine it as 145 + 2.5% \u003d 148.5 km / h - but this will already be a fine (it is also configured to fix disorders from 146 km / h and higher).
Morality is simple if you use the method described above, then:
Never choose "gaps" in speed completely, to the last kilometer per hour.
Always leave 3-5 km / h to the real error of the radar (it is always present).
And the more speed - the more this stock should be. That is, it is still not necessary to go at a speed of 152 km / h along the speedometer on the highways of Croatia. Put the speed on it 145-146 km / h, and you will be happy, and fines will definitely not (in Croatia).
The same applies to all other countries whose data is known. In those countries where the speed measurement error of the radar is minimal (3%, for example) It is very stitched with speed, you can take into account when moving only a speedometer amendment, and the radar error does not touch.
For example, in the Czech Republic (admission of 3% at speeds above 100 km / h, allowed on the highway - 130 km / h), I am going on a speedometer 136-138 km / h (this corresponds to a real speed of 129-131 km / h, What is confirmed by GPS), and the radars in Czechs are configured by 135 km / h (135-3% \u003d 131 km / h) - this is already a fine.
Thus, I leave the reserve 4-6 km / h to the real error of the radar (and on your mistakes: a little pedal pressed - the speed exceeded), and I feel calm. In any case, about any claims from the local police to me, I am unknown.
On this, the note on the tolerances and errors of measuring the speed of police radars in Europe, as well as how this information can be used when traveling in Europe by car, I will finish.
Do you need to use this information and how to use it - decide, as always, only to you. But I use, and nothing, I do not have any and fines. :)
And you think yourself.
Austria is a state where the road is impeccable, and the culture of driving local residents is the same perfectness. Road traffic is observed punctually and unquestioned. In order for the tourist to enjoy driving a car in Austrian motorways, he needs to take into account certain points. About them and will be discussed in this article.
Driving Documents in Austria
If the tourist is a citizen of any of the EU countries and has the driver's license of the EU sample, it does not require any other documents to drive a car in Austria. But the rest of the arrival must have an international driver's license, as national driver's license will be considered invalid.
Specificity austrian road roads and traffic rules
In Austria, many paid sites (autobahn and highways). The fare on them depends on the validity period of the permit. Immediately when crossing the border you need to buy vignette. They are sold in specially designated items at the entrance to the country and on border gas stations. The cost of vignette for 10 days is 9 euros, for two months - 26 euros and a year - 87 euros. Vignette must be attached in the upper left corner or in the center of the top windshieldAccording to the instructions with back side. Not attached to all the rules vignette is considered invalid.
In addition, panoramic alpine roads and tunnels are also paid. In winter, for travel, it is necessary to have anti-skid chains, and this is a prerequisite for motorists.
High-speed mode allows the autobahn to accelerate up to 130 km / h, but only during the daytime. At night (from 22.00 to 5.00), the maximum permitted speed of 110 km / h. If the driver is located on the territory of the settlement, it can drive at a speed of 50 km / h maximum. The city is permissible at a speed of 100 km / h.
If the high-speed impairment will notice, the minimum penalty will be 20 euros, and the more the permissible limit will be exceeded, the higher the fine size will be.
The police charge the fines on the spot, writing to the violator of the rules of the road to the receipt. If it happens that the driver will not be with him the necessary amount, he leaves a deposit, and the missing pays in the bank over the next two weeks. If the penalty is not paid for this period, it will be charged from the violator through the court, increasing twice.
In Austria, there is a clear rule regarding entry to the intersection with circular motion. If there are no other road signsThe advantage have cars that enter the circle. It should be borne in mind that in a number of European states there is an opposite rule, and drivers who are moving in a circle have priority.
Antiardars in Austria are not only forbidden to use, but even simply transported in the cabin. But there (and not in the trunk!) There must be a reflective vest. If a breakdown suddenly happens, you can go out of the car on the roadway only in it.
In addition to the vest, in the car should always be:
- first aid kit;
- warning triangle;
- fire extinguisher;
– winter tires (from November 1 to April 15) or studded tires (from October 1 to May 31).
Remember: DVRs are prohibited in Austria.
Middle light lights should be included regardless of weather conditions and time of day. Penalty for violation this rule is 21 euros.
In the road traffic jam, it is impossible to take the left strip (high-speed corridor). The penalty for such a violation will be very weighty by pocket, since its size reaches 2,180 euros.
It is impossible to ride without fastening the seat belt (fine 35 euros) and talking behind the wheel of mobile phone (Penalty 50 euros, exception - complete set of phone device "Hands FREE").
Drunk driving is not welcome, but at the same time the content of alcohol in the blood is not more than 0.5 ppm. If this level is exceeded, it will have to part with the amount from 300 to 5900 euros Plus can be lost driver's license For up to six months. If the driver's experience has not reached two years, the permissible level of alcohol is 0.1 ppm.
It is impossible to carry more than 10 liters of fuel in the car. ROOFORATE ROOM STOCK STATEMENTS. Mainly mode filling stations 12-hour, from 9 am to 9 pm, plus a day off Sunday. The cost of liter of gasoline AI-95 is 1 euro. By the way, toilets at refueling charges.
If an accident occurred, the police should be caused only if there are victims. Police telephone in Austria 133, firefighters - 122, ambulance - 144, and mountain carriers - 140.
How to park a car in Austria
All parking in Austria are paid, but on Sunday days payment is not charged. On Saturday, too, you can also not pay (the exception is parking in the city center from 9 to 13 hours).
If tramways pass on the way, it is impossible to park in winter. It is forbidden to put the car where zigzag yellow markup. Total one and a half hours you can keep the car on outdoor parking in the city center. If this time is not enough to solve your affairs, it is better to leave cars on closed underground parking.
In large cities you can find the so-called " blue parking"You can distinguish them from others by the presence of blue markup. To use such parking, you must have a timer card, which can be completely free to take in the nearest tobacco kiosk. You can leave the car on such parking lots at more than three hours.
Metropolitan parking rules involve charging from 9 to 22 hours. You can put the car by special parking receipts (it is sold in any tobacco kiosk or at refueling).
In Bluddenz, Dornbier, Feldkirchen and Bregenza payment for parking is made in special machines or in cash.
If the car is put in the parking lot, the penalty for violation will be 200 euros or more. In addition, it is evacuated on far and uncomfortable free parking.
Features of renting a car
Austria is concentrated by a great many architectural monuments: castles, monasteries, historical cities. Austria lies in several climatic zones, and therefore rich in painful natural reservations, national parks, a variety of resorts: from ski to hydrotheys. There are eight UNESCO World Heritage sites, and Vienna is rightfully considered the "pearl" of Europe. Fully inspect this variety with public transport It is simply impossible, but with the help of transfers - is very expensive and inconvenient. Even taking a car for rent, you can not meet a week to inspect all the sights of the country. The best way out - car rental.
Based on the route preferences, you can reserve small car For ride in urban environments and a car more for a trip for the city, for example, in the mountains. But car S. automatic box The programs will have to book in advance - such cars in Austria are deficit.
There is a contract between the client who wish to rent a vehicle and the company is a contract in which all the nuances are negotiated in detail. Mainly propose several types of payment, the fixed amount of payment for every day of the rental or for the car mileage. In the second case, a certain limit of kilometers is agreed, the excess of which threatens to the client pay each subsequent kilometer separately.
In Austria, only a civil type of insurance is obligatory for drivers. In the case of renting a car, it is advisable to arrange insurance in case of damage to the rented car according to its own fault. To rent a car in Austria is possible only to citizens who have reached 21 years, the driver's experience is two years.
Insurance companies independently regulate the procedure for acquiring the policy, according to their internal rules. Usually, the standard set required to obtain a civil liability policy includes: driver's license, a certificate of car registration, which may be temporary. The cost directly depends on the power of the vehicle and the driver's experience, trouble-free driving.
The entire procedure for making documents and transferring the machine takes place for 10-15 minutes. You can make a car rental without a bank card and without prepayments for the reservation of the car.
By the way, if you have no international driver's license, you can easily and quickly arrange it on our website. With an international driver's license, ride on the roads of Austria is convenient and easy! At the same time, do not forget to take a national certificate (driver's license).
