How to change the tires to the car. All you need to know about the replacement of summer tires on the winter. Winter tires: key differences from summer

When to change?

Do you remember that winter tires from summer differs not only in the tread pattern, but also the composition, due to which at low temperatures its elasticity is preserved? Even if there are no snow no longer, but on the cold asphalt winter tires It will work better than the "smoking" summer, and less the risk of "slipping" during the night frosts. Consequently, it is possible to move to the "summer" when the stable temperature is on the occurrence of 5-7 degrees of heat.

On the other hand, it is not recommended to delay with the replacement until summer: with increasing temperature (both air and the roadbed itself), the behavior of winter tires changes for the worse, which affects manageability and the brake path. In addition, it is worth remembering that the use of winter tires adversely affects the efficiency and acoustic comfort of the car, so their use is simply inexpedient outside the season.

What do we put?

I will not forget about rotation: there is a recommendation to periodically change the wheels in some places diagonally, and if the "spare" is full-size, then include it in this process. The goal is to provide more or less uniform wear All tires. However, this rule works great in the case of simple models - directed and especially asymmetric tires Diagonal simply do not change this!

By the way about the direction and asymmetry. Choosing which wheel where to put, do not forget to check that it is possible, and make sure that nothing has not dressed when assembling wheels on the tire terminal (although rarely, but such errors happen).

Cheat Sheet for Novika

The following information is intended primarily for beginners. However, and experienced motorists will not be unnecessary to refresh memory. So, what is the procedure when changing wheels, what nuances should be considered?

We find a platform without a flat rigid coating (asphalt, concrete), tighten the "handbrake", we put the car to the transfer (in the case of C - in Parking mode). If there is an opportunity, it will not be superfluous to install anti-parameters under the wheels (small wooden bars can perform their role).

Using a balloon key or a knob, weakening the fastening bolts (nuts). We do it before the wheels of the car will be posted. If the fastener is zakis, you can use a special or universal means like WD40: In this matter, the main thing is not to rush and do not disrupt the thread, making excessive efforts. Nevertheless, sometimes you just need to attach a little more moment - for this, the knob is used with a long handle or extension cord.

Install the jack under the body provided by the manufacturer. The use of other seats is fraught with damage to the thresholds. It is important to make sure that the jack is installed securely, when lifting the car, there is no distortion, the jack does not seek to jump or move aside. The rod jack in the process of operation can move under the reference point.

We carry the wheel with a margin, especially if you plan to raise and the second axis (as this will lead to the movement of the first axis down). In any case, the gap into several centimeters between the wheel and the platform is necessary in order to facilitate the process of removal / installation, as well as with the calculation of the possible additional movement of the suspension lever down during the work.

With the help of a balloon / turn, unscrew the bolts (nuts) and fold them into a dry place, for example, in a wheeled cap or case from the jack. As a last resort, we put the bolts vertically on the asphalt so that the threaded part remains clean.

When removing the wheel, it may be difficult if the disk "Cuckooked" to the hub. First, we are trying to break it with your hands: we carry out opposite points (left and right or on top and bottom), by one hand pull, another push and vice versa. If this is not enough, trying to knock the wheel from the hub, hitting it with your hand (foot) outside or with inner with the help of suitable sirry items. However, such actions can be carried out by making sure the car is reliably on the jack. Even in this case, it will not be superfluous to progress and put under the wheel threshold: if the car still jumps off the jack, it will not remain without a reference point.

In order to avoid problems with fastening and dragging the disk to the hub in the future, these parts can be processed with special lubrication. It is important not to overdo it, especially in the case of threaded compounds, where the lubricant is applied a very thin layer.

We set the wheel so that the holes in the disk coincide with the bolts in the hub. By pressing the disk to the hub, we are convinced that nothing prevents its dense and uniform fit.

We screw the first bolt to the top hole and press the foot to the toe from the bottom: it will help to avoid the disk skew and simplify the fastener process.

Of course, the design of the disk, hubs and fasteners is such that when tightening the bolts (nuts), the necessary centering of the wheel should be provided. Nevertheless, to achieve the best effect, it is still recommended to tighten the bolts in several passes with an increase in effort using the opposite scheme (cross-crosswise). The final "broach" is carried out after the car has already been removed from the jack. The main thing is not to forget about this responsible operation!

Pull do not drag

So, the car is all the wheels on the ground - it's time to finally tighten all the bolts (nuts), ensuring reliable fastening disk to the hub. At the same time, it is necessary to observe the time-installed moment: on the one hand, it will avoid breaking the thread, on the other, it guarantees a reliable fastening of wheels to the hub when the risk of attenuation is minimized.

Depending on the car model and brand, the tightening torque is within 80-140 nm, it is guaranteed to withstand this parameter using a dynamometric key. But, as practice shows, this tool does not even use a hundred and in tire workshops - for sure they do not have independently changing the wheels of motorists. In general, on the fact the bolts and nuts are tightened by hand ...

Experienced drivers and mechanics are about the effort to work with what effort. But by and large, these knowledge is reduced to the following: when twisting bolts, an ordinary person without special physical training should make a fair effort to a standard balloon key or "cross" without using extension cords.

We decided to check how the bolts on cars of our employees are tightened. For this we got out dynamometric Key And selectively checked fasteners on several wheels. On my car, I dragged the bolts myself - as it turned out, with an effort from 150 to 230 nm!

Perhaps one of the reasons is that I use a long gate against a short regular balloon key - here and "Pass"!

But on the car Sergey Boyar bolts, too, are shifted: in the region of 200 nm against the required 90-110 nm! The wheels changed in the tire workshop, the station worker clamps the bolts manually.

The same 200 nm, which is also noticeable above the norm, showed the key and on the machine Yuri Lihutu, although he immediately admitted that he always moves fasteners. As we can see, twisting the bolts "on the eyes", experienced drivers easily exceeded the required effort of one and a half or twice!

On the way, if the fasteners are insufficient enough, after a while it can relax, which is fraught with the loss of the wheel. That is why it is important, especially in the case of cast discs, after 100-200 km after the "reobey" to check the reliability of fasteners and, if necessary, "Pour" all the wheels.

After tire finger

After assembling wheels, a certain period is required for the "shrinkage" of the tires on the rim, as a result of which an imbalance may occur. It is for this reason that after 500-1000 km may have the need to re-balance the wheels. In the future, balancing should be carried out every 10,000-12.000 km.

When installing new tires, it should be remembered that the first 200-300 km move on them should be carefully, since the grip of the wheels with the road will initially be reduced due to technological lubricantwhich tires are covered in the production process.

If, after replacing the wheels, an input appears aside, then first of all it is necessary to check the pressure and correct installation of the tires (especially if they are directed, asymmetric). But further it is recommended to check the uniform wear of the tread, try to rearrange the wheels in places (rear changes with the front), as the extreme option - overdo the wheels. If all these actions did not have the effect, the cause of the lead should be signed in the other (suspension, brake system etc.).

How to store?

In a dark cool place at a humidity of 50-60%. The optimal is the air temperature of about 10-15 ° C, but permissible oscillations in any direction. If the tires are collected on the discs, the wheels are folded into the stack or suspended for the disk.

Tires without disks store otherwise. Traditional Recommendation: Vertically, preferably on special racks, with a periodic shift point of the support (for which tires once a few weeks should be rotated). Compliance with these non-hard rules ensures performance and covered by the manufacturer of tires.

Immediately, let's say that we strongly recommend performing independent replacement of rubber, because this process will not provide due secure on the road. You can perform a high-quality tire in your garage only if you have a machine for balancing the wheels and a sufficient amount of weights that will help perform this balancing process. Otherwise, you will clearly do not come out to fulfill all the processes qualitatively, the steering wheel will tap, and when braking you will feel the vibration of the entire car. Therefore, it is extremely recommended to change the rubber with your own hands.

But there are different situations. It is sometimes it turns out that on the road the tire fails, and there is no spare wheel, only a set for the repair of the tire can be found in the trunk. Repair some rupture is impossible without removing the wheel. Sometimes we just do not have the ability to use the services of tires. In such cases, you can apply own forces and change rubber.

What instruments and conditions are needed for self-replacement of rubber?

This process is quite simple if you do not complicate it with ineptive actions. To fulfill you, you will not need a huge set of tools. You need to think immediately how you will perform the pumping of the wheel, because it is necessary to gain enough pressure so that the car can be normally operated.

Also remember that rubber and disk need to be lubricated to achieve normal installation without any damage. Therefore, a small, but specific set of tools, which will help you get the necessary working conditions, are needed for tires at home. Get around the following devices and materials for performing the work:

• directly new tires for putting on the disk;
• flat mount that will help dismantle old rubber and put on a new one;
• soap solution for disk lubrication and direct rubber edges;
• pump for pumping the wheel - it is desirable to have a compressor at the disposal;
• about an hour of free time, if you have skills like this work.

In the absence of skills, you will have to spend about two hours of time, because each wheel requires a certain attention, it is not worth a hurry in this process. It is necessary to perform high-quality installation, make sure that in any place the tire does not pass the air. In this case, you will have to access specialists to eliminate the problem.

Also working with the tires is necessary enough to not damage the rubber. Especially careful worth being when tightening the tire on the rim of the wheel. In this moment, experts use special equipment that automatically performs necessary work. And in the absence of such equipment, the process can slightly harm rubber.

The process of dismantling rubber with their own hands in the conditions of the garage

First you need to raise on the jack and securely secure one side of the car. Make sure that the car is stable, because when dropping to unprotected suspension, certain destruction may occur. Then you need to remove the wheel, unscrew the holding bolts. The installation process is better to do away from the car, because when performing work, some tools can fly and damage the body of the car.

Next, completely lower the wheel and with the help of a flat longitudinal part of the mount push into a part near the rim. It is necessary to tear the accurate rubber from the metal rim to dismantle the old tire. Such a procedure must be carried out on both sides of the rim. Next, perform the following actions:

• we subscribe a flat mounting edge of rubber and deposited outside the rim;
• a large screwdriver or other tool support rubber so that it does not slip back;
• i get a mount and insert a little from the screwdriver, continuing to get rubber from the rim;
• when the first side of the rubber is released from the disk, it is necessary to remove the second edge by the mount using the mount;
• next, with the help of hands, you can easily remove the old rubber from the disk.

Be careful when performing this task. Especially in the event that you want to use rubber next year. First, make sure that no tool flew out of rubber and did not shoot the surrounding objects. Also, see not to break the rubber, do not damage it.

With the help of mounting, it is impossible to make too great efforts, otherwise this process will end spoiled rubber. Dismantling B. this case It is one of the most important processes and complex tasks. Mount new rubber will be much easier and faster.

We produce installation of new rubber

When the disc is free from the old tire, you can install new tire. To do this, lubricate the extreme parts of the rim and tires with soap solution. This procedure will help get a more dense contact and a soft shrinkage of rubber. The installation procedure is quite simple, it will not become a big problem, however, everything needs to be performed in accordance with the requirements. Installation process Next:

• lubricate the rubber and rim with soap solution, place the rim in the horizontal position on a solid basis;
• put the rubber on top, defining the direction of rotation in advance (indicated on the side of the tire);
• hands start one side of the tire on the rim, and at the last point, use the mounting for mounting;
• next, using the mount alternately, wear one part of the second side of the tire;
• the next step will be the pumping of the tire, in the process of which the tire will become in its place;
• next, check the lack of descent and other problems.

To perform tire pumping, it is better to use an automatic compressor, because a manual or foot pump will have to be used sufficiently long, which will increase the costs of time for tires. Remember that with every opportunity after such a replacement of the tires, you need to contact the specialists and carry out the wheel balancing. Otherwise, the rubber will be eaten unevenly, and at high speeds you will feel certain problems with management and comfort.

Of course, our people can come up with a tire machine from the old broken column and make the procedure as follows:

Let's sum up

To perform an independent tireage, you need to possess small set tools and sufficient amount of free time. This is a simple procedure, it does not need certain specific skills for its execution. But it is possible to resort to the ability to perform this task only if you do not have another concerns about replacing rubber. This is a temporary measure that will only help at a certain time to get the opportunity to operate the car.

After a certain period, you must contact a professional tire and perform the wheel balancing. It is simply impossible to produce this procedure with qualitatively without specialized equipment. Therefore, it is better to give preference to specialists.

Like any other auto element, rubber is subject to external mechanical effects, which can affect its performance. Using cheap and low-quality tires, you not only expose yourself and your car danger, but also come into the frequent visit to the tire.

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What tires?

To this issue, each driver is suitable separately, based on its preferences and financial resources.

In addition, acquiring, for example, winter tires in the summer, you can save a lot of money.

Dismantling wheels with damaged tire

To remove the wheel, you will need a jack and a balcony key. For the tire process itself, water will need water with soap (in order to determine the place where the wheel is breaking through), as well as two special blades for mounting. Before you begin to replace, you need to choose a safe place where you will definitely believe that the car will not ride.

As a rule, the tires change before winter and spring, that is, during the offseason. Sometimes car enthusiasts are asked for help on tireage, but some do not want to spend extra money and change tires on their own.

In any case, even if you drive to this tireage, know how the process itself takes place, there must be every self-respecting motorist.

1. Lift the side of the car on which you will change the tire. When the distance between the tire and the ground is about 4 cm, take the baloon star and turn all the nuts alternately.
2. Put the wheel on the ground and wet the place of contact of the disk with a bus of soapy water. Take two blades: using them, you need to disrupt the rim from the landing place.
3. When you removed the bus, you need to decide what to do next: either change the camera to a new one, or it is necessary to put the place of damage and put it in place. Anyway, but the same method as you shot the bus, it must be installed in place. Carefully swipe it all over the perimeter of the disc using the mounting blades.
4. After that, mount the wheel in place and pump. Remember that it is better not to regret money once, but always ride on high-quality tires.

Passing the tires is an important point in the operation of any car. IN winter Asphalt is usually covered with a layer of snow or an icy crust. In such conditions, the length of the brake path increases significantly, just as the handling of the car decreases. Here it is clearly necessary to use a winter set of tires, created specifically for operation in frost and snow, but first need to figure out how these species are different.

Winter tires: key differences from summer

In the market you can always meet two types of tires: summer and winter. Not every driver will be able to determine which wheel in front of him. Keywords distinctive features Winter rubber belongs:

• The first visual difference is a deeper protector. It is necessary for better clutch when driving through the snow.
• Winter tire, as picked up, has completely symmetrical pattern tread. In summer, it is asymmetrical to increase noise insulation.
• Often winter option Has special metal spikes. They provide the best grip with road coating During ice.
• Rubber for winter has a special composition that allows you to maintain elasticity even at minus temperatures. Software tires guarantees better handling.

These signs will allow you to easily determine the type of tire.

When to replace rubber

The legislative framework has no clear time prescribing the need to replace. The choice of the moment when changing the tires to the winter, completely falls on the driver's shoulders. The weather is quite deceptive, so with the first easy snow motorists hurry to replace the wheels, but should not do it too early. Winter tires Does not apply to universal, so suitable only for low temperatures.

Managing the vehicle on winter tires in warm weather is very difficult. Drivers may experience a number of problems, in particular:

• the car holds the road at high speeds;
• low braking efficiency;
• increased tire noise;
• tangible overrun of fuel.

The key indicator from which it is necessary to repel is the temperature. If the temperature is consistently held below +5 - +7 degrees Celsius, it is possible to transfer to winter tires. At the same time, if the temperature fell to -5 degrees, it is already unsafe to ride on summer rubber. It is recommended to urgently replace.

What will happen if you don't change rubber

It is worth noting that seasonal replacement Tire is the key to your safety. Ride in winter by summer tiresah can lead to a traffic accident. You are dangering not only your life, but also the lives of other participants road. Losing the car management is very simple, while stopping it will be much more difficult.

A vivid example is the numbers showing the length of the braking path depending on the installed tires. In the snow at the initial speed of 50 kilometers per hour for winter rubber, this indicator is 31-35 meters. On summer tires under the same conditions, the braking path will be 62 meters. On Ice, these indicators increase by 10-15 percent. If you have a dangerous situation, your reaction may not help you if the tires cannot cope with their task.

Also, the need to use winter rubber is supported by law. The relevant project establishes the requirements according to which from December to February, the operation of vehicles with summer tires is strictly prohibited. There is also a fine of 500 rubles for riding worn winter tires. Thus, the threat of a fine is an excellent motivation to be passed down by law.

There are economic benefits of use. Tires without a deep tread and spikes are much more often slipped. This means that the car will spend more fuel. The increase in consumption is 10-12% per 100 kilometers. If you are making daily trips all winter, overpaying fuel will be tangible. For this reason, it is quite reasonable to purchase a set of winter tires.

Also year-round use summer tires will result in their accelerated wear. In other words, the driver will have to regularly update the rubber, not to mention the possibility of obtaining a fine and enter the road accident.

Replacing tires: what you need to know

The law provides for full replacement Rubber on all four wheels. Using tire S. different treads It can lead to exchange instability, as well as a bad coupling with an expensive. If you live in a large megalopolis, where snow cleaning is regularly produced, while there are asphalt roads, then the usual "velcro" will be suitable. For riding in the snow and ice it is worth buying a studded option.

Can be replaced by one of three ways:

• Alone. The process is quite complicated, without certain knowledge and skills, the usual driver will not cope.
• Contact a specialized auto repair shop. This is the optimal option, since quite cheap and fast.
• Buy disc with the necessary rubber. This pleasure is expensive, but the installation will be able to be practical every motorist.

If you are going to use the services of the auto repair shop, we recommend pre-ringing several points to find out the cost of the service.

Where and how to store summer tires

To protect against external contamination, you can use special covers or polyethylene packages. The main rule is necessary to pack clean and completely dry rubber. Also should not close covers closely, as it threatens the formation of condensate.

The optimal indicators for storing tires are:

• Lack of direct sunlight.
• The temperature is not higher than 25 degrees Celsius.
• Humidity must lie from 50-80 percent.
• Lack of dust and dirt indoors.

The violation of these rules may cause the formation of microcracks, which will eventually lead to a complete rupture. Optimal option For storage is a dry and clean garage of concrete or brick. Storage is allowed in the pantry or basement with the indicators described above. You can not store tires on the balcony under the canopy, as this will lead to adverse consequences.

conclusions

Installing winter rubber is not just a whim of states, but the need. It is from them that your safety on the road depends. Do not save on the purchase, always choose high-quality winter tires, then you will have no problems on the roads.

For the normal operation of the car periodically it is necessary to replace and install high-quality tires. This is a practically simple process, but not all car enthusiasts can cope with it, it applies to newbies.

Usually the replacement is performed for certain reasons:

• serious deformation or seating of several tires without the possibilities of their repair and recovery;
• strong wear of one or more tires;
• seasonal replacement of summer rubber on winter or vice versa.

To produce competent work on the replacement of rubber, you must comply with the recommendations and rules. Otherwise, it can lead to a wheel on the track and a serious accident.

First of all, you need to know that the installed tires must correspond to the total size and characteristics recommended from the manufacturer of the car. There may be small differences, but not more than 2%.

General properties and dimensions are indicated in the operating instructions vehicle. If there are no such, use the auto dealer's recommendation.

In the next step, it is necessary to learn the load index of the tire installed, as well as high-speed characteristics. They should not be less than the parameters specified in the instructions from the manufacturer.

Replacing tires can be produced with large index indicators, but not with less demands. Usually indexes are indicated in the instruction manual for the car.

Next, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of the air pressure in the tires. Indicators must be completely identical to the factory parameters. Otherwise, the wheel can be subjected to serious deformation and burst when driving on a passenger car.

In the case when the tires are too pinched or, on the contrary, have a smaller amount of air, it will negatively affect the vehicle stability indicators and its high control characteristics. Tire pressure indicators are specified in auto operating instructions.

Now select another an important rulewhich should be used by novice and experienced auto owners when installing a complete set of tires: purchasing tires, you need to make sure that the planting and departure characteristics and departure correspond to the factory vehicle parameters.

If such properties do not match, it will negatively affect the controllability of the car and will quickly lead to the deformation of the automotive suspension. General characteristics Departure and landing are indicated by the manufacturer of the tires and the plant, where vehicles are produced.

Replacing tires due to strong wear

The front tires are most often deformed on any type of passenger cars, since the front leading bridges are installed on most passenger vehicles. Respectively, rear wheels They are subject to smaller wear.

Many owners often try to regularly replace the front rubber, and the rear leave for another few seasons.

But in this situation, each lover car should be aware that the absolute indicators of safe and reliable ride will be achieved only through the use of all 4 tires with the same treads.

Naturally, the tires are expensive products and not everyone can afford to carry out regular replacement of products, especially in full configuration.

In such a situation, you can divide the installation of tires into two stages. To begin with, the replacement of front rubber is performed and the rear tires are installed after a certain period of time. However, all processes are recommended to perform only with identical pairs of tires.

Replacement of automotive rubber with a serious defect

If the installation work on the installation of new tires has to do urgently due to the deformation of older, then a certain rule should be known. Regardless of the model or brand of tires, the thickness of all four protector must be identical to each other.

If only one bus is spoiled and it is impossible to repair, then you should use at least a pair of new ones.

It is possible to replace only one damaged bus only in that situation, if the kit is completely new and managed to travel only a few hundred kilometers.

In this situation, the vehicle owner can purchase only a similar tire and install it instead of damaged, not afraid for the loss of quality management and safety during the ride.

When the motorist managed to drive more than 1000 km, it is no longer possible to replace only one bus. The protector is quickly erased, and the balance will probably lose when installing only one new one.

Installing new rubber on disk

Immediately before installing the new tire, you need to make a detailed check of its state.

The disk check is performed for serious defects, curvature, as well as wear of the cloud and rim. It is recommended to eliminate additional cargoes, balancing the wheel and the valve at the moment of replacing the old rubber. This procedure is performed only in the situation when the tire has no camera.

When installing a new tire, it is desirable to take into account the marking in the form of color marks applied to its surface. They indicate the main director of rotation in the form of an arrow on the side part.

The fulfillment of simpler and easy installation of the tire is directly interconnected with the application of individual spots on its side or the use of soap fluid. However, you should not overdo it with lubricant, because the rubber will start sliding on the disk rim.

Installing a new rubber on the disk is performed in the opposite direction relative to the dismantling. First you need to wear a bus on one side of the disk rim, and then put the camera. Moreover, the valve should get into a small hole of the rim. At the next stage, installing the second sidewall rubber.

How to puncture rubber properly for reliable rim additive

Thus, the tire is well put on the rim, after which the air pressure should be reduced to the desired parameters. It is important here to take into account the fact that the pressure is measured at the moment when the tire is installed on the wheel when the automotive weight is observed.

For tireless tires This process is a bit more complicated. Simple pumping nanos or a special compressor will not be able to use until the side of the rubber will be completely leaning up to the disk rim, since the air actively penetrates through the gap between it and the tire.

You can use an alternative method: to pump up a vehicle tire up to four atmospheres. After that, we remove the hose and one of its ends install on the mounted rubber valve.

It is first necessary to promote nipple and part of the hose with a special fitting insert into the tire pumped.

Then, how the fitting will be installed, the main part of the air will penetrate into the beless-free rubber and set it into place due to the stabilization of pressure. On the automotive hundred for pumping wheels use original compressors with large receivers.

However, this task can be implemented and yourself, if you show some skill and logic. Also, do not forget that after installing new rubber, the wheel is balancing.

Rubber on the front axle of the vehicle

Each owner I. experienced motorist He knows that the front rubber should be changed at the very beginning. Since the car is exposed to a large drift when driving on the worn back tires, there is a big risk of deformation and rupture of the front wheels.

In that situation when tires are broken on front wheel, accidents without serious consequences can no longer be avoided.

Basically, the causes of strong wear of the front rubber are associated with maximum loads on the axis and regular rotations of the steering system.

Since regular front wheels are subject to serious impact and subsequently burst, then higher requirements in terms of reinforced strength and reliability are presented.

To reduce the risks of puncture and deformation, the front rubber must be changed with pairwise tires. The level of controllability of the car depends on the competent selection of the tire.