Greetings you friends on the site repair cars with your own hands. Cylinder head (GBC) - important element The power node, which only at first glance seems simple.
In the composition of the mechanism there are spark plugs, gas distribution valves, combustion chamber blocks and so on.
At the same time, the block of cylinders and its head is divided by a special gasket made of special material (usually stalecasts).
Fixing the head and block is performed using special bolts, which are always twisted with a certain effort.
Do you need a broach head of the cylinder block?
On the new car broaching the head of the cylinder block for prevention purposes is not required.
Previously, manufacturers obliges to do this work already at the first thing, but in new machines such a need disappeared.
If you are the owner of an old vase, a Muscovite or UAZ, then this work will have to do this much more often.
The need to broach may arise in several cases:
When the leaks are appeared in the place where the cylinder block is connected and the head. Such a malfunction may indicate the rest of one or more bolts or the malfunction of the gasket itself;
after repair. There are situations where the errors in the broach allow "specialists" to a hundred. In this case, it is necessary to redo everything;
periodic check. After 1-2 thousand kilometers after repairing the cylinder head, it is desirable to unscrew the lid and check the torque. There are cases when the bolts are weakened during operation.
How to do work?
Please note that for high-quality performance, you must carefully examine your auto repair guide.
There are clearly painted rules for tightening the head of the cylinder block, namely:
- Bolt broach circuit;
- the required moment of tightening force;
- types of bolts that need to be used for this work.
This information may be needed if one or more bolts require a replacement.
And in general, the question of the bolts for the GBC needs consideration in detail. It is no secret that today manufacturers use better products with better characteristics.
So, on new engines, the so-called spring bolts are increasingly used, which just tighten once and no longer touch. Moreover, if you break this rule, the mount, on the contrary, will be loosen and the bolt may be damaged.
Many experienced motorists establish high-quality pads that are not "sitting" over time. In this case, the probability of weakening pulling can be minimized.
If you decide to check the tightening torque of the bolts, then take into account the order of the cylinder head broach and use a good torque wrench.
How to monitor the quality of work?
To make sure the work done, be sure to check the tightening torque (for this use the torque wrench).
When performing work, you must wait for the moment when the bolt comes to its "yield strength". It is easy to diagnose. As soon as you set the required tightening torque, it will not change.
At the same time, consider two important moments. If you increase the moment to a level of 20 kgf, and the bolt is not rotated, then it must be changed.
The reason is too high strength. If you cannot tighten the bolt and the moment is reduced all the time, it is also worth replaced.
Finally, let's lay out the main tips that it is important to consider when performing such a job:
It makes no sense to bring them, since for each model they may vary.
2. During the bolts, use only a good torque wrench. Do not go to your "Eyemer" and "good old" wrench.
3. With any suspicion of low quality bolt - make a replacement. Here, the principle "Yes, will go" can lead to a variety of problems in the future.
Before spinning the bolts, be sure to check the cleanliness of the thread and its condition.
Note that the secondary use of spring bolts is prohibited - you will not achieve a normal broach.
As a result, in a few hundred kilometers, the oil will begin to squeeze out of the gasket.
4. Special attention Use the selection of the gasket - the allowable moment of force should be specified on it (it is not desirable to exceed it).
At the same time, make sure that the figures on the product at least approximately correspond to the manufacturer's recommendations.
5. If there is a "blind" fastening bolt carefully pour oil. Otherwise, it can be "overdoor" and the bolt simply will not be delayed until the right moment.
In the presence of through hole Thread is desirable to handle a special sealant.
Remember that it is not difficult to stretch the head of the block of the cylinder. The main thing is to clearly comply with the manufacturer's requirements and take into account recommendations in the article. Good luck on the roads and of course without breakdowns.
Tighten the bolt? What is the problem: a wrench and ... forward, delay yourself until you stop.
So thinks a person who is bad to imagine what value is the correct order of tightening bolts of the head of the cylinder block. And to what engine malfunctions can cause a violation of the order and technology of tightening bolts of the GBC. In fact, this is a very scenic question, so let's understand.
Why motorist know the order of tightening the head of the cylinder block?
Naturally, if you have a lot of money signs and even shaking off the ashtray in the cabin, you are going to the car service, then there is no need. But for those car enthusiasts who want and can repair the car in general, and in particular, this information will not be superfluous.
It is important! Before we share the features of the procedure for tightening the GBC, you should draw your attention to the fact that each engine model has their own tightening parameters of the bolts.
No case, especially when working with a GBC modern cars, rely on your knowledge and experience gained at repair GBC On other engines. Tightening order and broaching bolts of the cylinder head is carried out in strict accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer to this engine. You can easily find these parameters in the manual to repair and maintain the engine.
Knowledge of the tightening order and tightening the head of the cylinder block you will not need so often. In the case when you need to replace gBC pads Or when repairing the engine.
What are the common features of the Tightening Technology GBC
Let's start with the fact that in the old memory of the operation of domestic models of the car, many motorists are experiencing about the need for preventive pulling bolts of GBC. Especially after overhaul Engine or repair GBC.
Cylinder head broach modern engines not required. This is due to the fact that for fastening the head to apply
Self-tight bolts or so-called "spring bolts".
Their characteristic is such that after the first tightening, they no longer need to be broken during operation. Moreover, broaching the head of the cylinder block in this case can only damage the quality of the bolts.
If earlier, broaching the GBC was one of the required points of the car, today this item can be applied only to outdated models of Muscovites, gas and VAZ engines.
Rules for tightening the head of the cylinder block
If there are different parameters and characteristics, the general rules of tightening bolts, in principle apply when working with all types of engines.
- Mandatory use of the manufacturer's parameters by: Order (diagram) of tightening bolts of the cylinder block head and the moment of tightening force.
- When tightening the GBC, use only a good and verified dynamometric key, but not a simple wrench. In this case, the eye meer and the hope of muscular memory are not helpers.
- Mandatory requirement is the perfect condition of the cylinder bolts: in no case do not apply old bolts, do not put converted bolts, check the condition and purity of the thread before tightening. The reuse of the "spring" bolts will no longer provide the necessary tightening force, which ultimately leads to the flow of oil from under the gasket of the GBC.
- It is strictly forbidden to carry out a tattress or tightening of the GBC with TTY bolts (this type of bolts is used mainly on aluminum cylinder heads). TTY bolts are delayed not with the moment of tightening force, but on the installed degree. This information must be in the manufacturer's instructions.
- When buying a gasket for the head of the cylinder head, it must have a manufacturer's specification, which indicates what time the tightening force is applicable to this type of gasket. It must be taken into account so that the numbers at the time of the engine tightening and the moment of tightening the gaskets did not diverge the cardinal.
- If the hole for the fastening bolt of the GBC "blind", then pouring oil into it before the head of the head, try not to pour. Otherwise, the bolt will not reach the end. If the hole is through and goes into the cooling system, then before screwing the bolt, lubricate the thread with a plastic sealant.
If you still decided to make a touch of a cylinder head bolt (stretch), then take into account that it is produced: the engine with cast-iron GBC is "hot", i.e. At least 80 0 engine temperature, engine with aluminum GBC to "cold".
The head of the cylinder block (or abbreviated GBC) is called one of the most important components of the entire engine system of your car. By itself, the process of its tightening is quite simple, as well as washing the engine cooling system. For high-quality performance, only a special set of tools and the GBC bolts themselves are required.
In what cases is the tightening of the head of the cylinders?
The need to periodically carry out the tightening of the GBC is characteristic only by the brands of the machines, which were carried out until 2010 inclusive. All other models of modern cars have a completely different engine structure, as a result of which this stage of work is not carried out. However, those who are the owner of the same VAZ-2106 or 2107, this problem is primarily relevant during the passage of the annual car.
What is the GBC bolt broach?
If all the cylinder bolts are in order and do not require replacement, but the moment is much lower than the manufacturer of values, it is necessary to spend the bolts. To do this, you will need the following tool:
- Special dynamometric key with moment indicator;
- Stantlechirkul or any small ruler.
The broach of the bolts of the cylinder block runs in 4 main stages:
- To begin with, using a dynamometric key, you need to tighten the bolts in the figure specified in the figure below, the order to the value of the force 2.0 kg / cm.
- Next, in the same order, you need to go through the second circle and reach the value of the moment to the indicator of 8 kgf / m.
- At the end of the work, it will be necessary to trust the bolts up to 90 degrees in the circle 3rd.
Important: If you have 16 valve in the machine force aggregate, All types of bolts on it can be reused. The only limit of the bolts, the length of which does not reach the set of size 95 mm.
Replacing the GBC bolts and their tightening is a simple process that requires only the use of special tools and skills. If you perform this type of work for the first time, then be sure to follow the accuracy of the torque and exposure correctly the tightening angle.
Video: Tightening the head of the cylinder block
Tightening the head of the cylinder block is needed when assembling the engine internal combustionAfter the removal of the GBC was made. If the head was prolonged incorrectly, the quality of the work is worsened, since the head enters the combustion chamber system. After the cylinder bolts were tightened, a single system with a cylinder block is obtained. When installing the GBC, you should not forget about the sealing gasket, which is mounted between the head and the unit itself. If the GBC broach was accompanied by errors, there is a high probability of damage to the sealing gasket, cylinder bolts, as well as holes for them.
Sometimes there are leaks on the site of the sealing gasket, in addition, if the head of the cylinder block was not tightened to the end, a breakthrough of gaseous mixtures is possible into the internal combustion engine cooling system. There is also a possibility of penetrating the coolant into the oil. As a result, the properties of antifreeze and oil are lost, which leads to a breakdown of an internal combustion engine. For this reason, the order should be known pulling a GBC. With the help of a dynamometric key, as well as know and be able to correctly calculate the power at the time of the tightening of the GBC.
How is the tightening of the GBC in DVS
Regardless of which internal combustion engine is used in a vehicle, diesel or gasoline, the device of the cylinder block and the tightening order is the same. In the engine of internal combustion, the MRM mechanism is mounted, which consists of valves and camshafts. Distinctive feature The head of the cylinder block is the fact that it contains part of the combustion chamber. In the housing of the GBC, special channels are mounted through which the coolery fluid and motor oil.
If the procedure for pulling the GBC was observed, then complete sealing of the combustion chamber and all its channels is ensured. As a result, the internal combustion engine works on full powerThereby saving gasoline. If the disassembly of the GBC was produced with an improper tightening force, there is a risk of cracks on the head itself. It is explained by the fact that the head of the bolt is made of aluminum alloys, the bolts themselves are created from steel.
Given the fact that the engine during operation is heavily heated, its parts under the influence of high temperatures increase in size. Do not forget that steel and aluminum will expand in varying degrees. For this reason, if the disassembly order was broken, during operation of the internal combustion engine, uneven voltage is created. This explains the need to be able to properly stretch the GBC.
How to replace the head of the cylinder block correctly
To remove the GBC, a dynamometric key is required. In addition, there should be special noasades for the tool and a small amount of engine oil. Before removing the head of the cylinder block, it is strongly recommended to read the instructions for the repair and use of a specific vehicle. This is due to the fact that the degree of tightening force on different motors It has different meanings. Some cylinder blocks are made of aluminum, in some internal combustion engines are completely made of cast iron.
The degree of tightening force may differ even on internal combustion engines from one manufacturer. Manual also contains information on the procedure for tightening the GBC. Before reaching the head of the cylinder block, you should remember the sequence of each step.
The main thing when tightening the GBC is to remember that the process should be uniformly. There are several recommendations that will help to build a GBC without errors.
- In the process of installing and subsequent tightening there is no difference, participates in the installation of the case or one item.
- Before changing the GBC, it is necessary to process the bolts in the area of \u200b\u200bcarving oil.
- Then the bolts are inserted alternately and twisted into the holes.
- Then with the help of a dynamometric key, according to the cylinder tightening scheme, the mounting elements are stretched. Initially, they are twisted with a small force, after that they are tightened again 1 time.
- An important point is not only the effort that is attached at the time of the tightening. The installation algorithm also plays a big role. During tightening the bolt of fastening the GBC, the broach is carried out, as a rule from the center or cross on the cross. Such an action algorithm reduces the risk of damage to the GBC and the sealing gasket.
- Some internal combustible bolts have tightened bolts after 500 - 1500 kilometers of the mileage must be pulled out again.
This features are explained in the engine design. In those situations where spring bolts were operated during the broach, there is no need for additional stretching.
The most common mistakes
Errors and miscalculations that will be described below lead to serious damage to the sealing gasket and other engine elements. Also, after the tightening, there may be problems with the engine, which in the future can lead to the failure of the engine. However, this is possible in exceptional cases.
- Bolts were tightened too much.
- During tightening, the oil penetrated into the holes for the fastening elements.
- No tables for a dynamometric key were not used.
- The wrong length of the bolts was erroneously selected.
- The order of broaching bolts was broken.
Often a hole for fastening cylinders can be contaminated or being in rust. It is not always possible to get rid of unwanted pollution, which may later prevent the GBC pulling with the necessary effort. It is for this that it is recommended to process the carving with oil, but it should not be allowed to penetrate oil into the hole itself. This process can lead to the destruction of the well after the bolt is screwed. Because of this, the entire block of cylinders will have to give to repair or even replace.
To bring additional problems may attempt to stretch the cylinder block without using a dynamometric key. This is explained by the fact that without this tool correctly calculate the tightening torque is quite difficult. The consequences are different, but in most cases the GBC bolts break, as a result, it is necessary to remove the GBC once again to remove the debris and restore the operation of the cylinder block.
Bolts for pulling a GBC, as a rule, with a head under the hexagon. Significantly less often they have a square shape head. If the sealing nozzle was worn out, when tightening the bolts, it can be checked. Thus, the verge of the bolt will be "jams". In the situation described above, removing the bolts back should be especially neat. This process can be very complicated by "licking". In the repair manual, the internal combustion engine states that the bolts are allowed to re-operate. But practice has shown the opposite. It is strongly recommended to change the fastening elements with each removal of the head of the cylinder block.
This is explained by the fact that after tightening the fastening elements, they are slightly pulled and increase in length. For this reason you need to check permissible length Bolts, information can be found in the TC manual. If the rule was exceeded, the bolt will rest in the bottom of the hole, thereby breakage or the fastening element itself, or the cylinder block.
If the recommended tightening order of the mounting elements was not met, the system creates overvoltage, to which the aluminum head of the cylinder block is not adapted. Thus, the tightness of the combustion system and the engine loses its power, the fuel consumption is also increasing. In that situation, when damage concerns the cooling or lubrication system, the combustion chamber in the engine can get working fluid, And this can lead to a motor breakage.
You should not eliminate the likelihood of oil into the cooling system or the opposite situation. This malfunction requires immediate attention, because it can lead to overheating of the internal combustion engine, which will accelerate the wear of the parts and will lead to the junction of the motor.
Observe the algorithm for pulling the GBC should be in order to protect the cylinder block from sputum, which is explained by the leakage of motor oil.
If you have any questions - leave them in the comments under the article. We or our visitors will gladly respond to them
Repair of the head of the cylinder block (GBC) is an important process that determines the operation of the engine and the car. And the tightening of the GBC is one of the key points of the overall repair of the node. From high-quality I. proper delay The head of the cylinder block depends reliable, correct and economical operation of the motor.
What is affected by the tightening of the head of the cylinder block
Such a job (tightening) is done when the reverse process for assembling the car motor is carried out. And how correctly, the cylinder head bolts are securely and firmly tightened, can strongly affect the operation of the combustion chamber, the gas distribution mechanism and the motor as a whole.
If the head of the cylinder block is tightened incorrectly, or not in the sequence, or weakly, it may entail the puncture of the gasket, which is installed between the GBC and the cylinder block. After damage to the laying of the consequences, it is difficult to predict correctly. Most often after such water from the cooling system enters the engine oil. It turns out an emulsion that is much worse than engine oil lubricates the engine parts, and therefore the motor can quickly "jam".
In addition to getting water into engine oil, the engine power will decrease sharply, the sound of the motor, etc. In any case, there will be nothing good after the wrong tightening of the cylinder head.
To with sufficient effort to tighten the cylinder head bolts, be sure to use a special tool, in this case it is a dynamometric key. He has a special scale that will allow you to determine the effort with which you need to make a tightening of the cubs of the GBC. For each motor, there are tightening parameters for each motor, you will learn from the engine repair manual of this machine.
Next, we will try to explain in detail and demonstrate in the photo key points, how to securely and securely tighten the cylinder head bolts to provide for a long time reliable and properly operation of the car engine.
Instructions for tightening bolts GBC
As mentioned above, for tightening the head of the cylinder block, we use exclusively with a torque wrench. Rozhkov or precipitant keys cannot be tightened with the CBC with the desired effort, even if you use additional tools, lomik or pipe.
A dynamometer located near the handle shows which force was applied when tightening, and this requirement should be performed exactly. A small deviation is allowed from the requirements, about 0.5 kg / m.
After you took a torque wrench, remember the second requirement - the order of tightening bolts (nuts) of the cylinder head of the cylinder head. The order is a specific scheme that must be strictly performed.
The first central nuts (bolts) are tightened, and then gradually go to the edge of the GBC.
There are several head tightening schemes, and they are all correct. The main thing is to comply with the "Iron" rule: tighten the bolts (nuts) pairs from the center to the edges. And do not try to delay completely completely, so you can skew the head. Tightening in three stages: First, the bolts (nuts) are slightly tighten, then pull it hard, and then finally tighten. For the first tightening, the key dynamometer put up 3 kg / m position, further-more. Intermediate tightening must be "voiced" with characteristic crackling. This sound means that the nut (bolt) will reach correctly. Experienced mechanics are recommended to make a tight bolt (nuts diagonally).
After that, finally tighten the GBC, and the motor can be operated. The dynamometric key is set to the maximum position that the repair manual requires this car.
Important! After clicking, with the final tightening, the bolts (nuts) can not be further! This will lead to a breakdown of the thread.
After tightening the head of the cylinder block, let it "stand out." In order not to lose in vain time, you can still fasten the collector, and the other dismantled equipment, stretch the chain, etc. After waiting 30-40 minutes, make a test tighten.
The fact is that the gasket that is set between the head of the cylinder block and the engine itself itself has the property "sit down", that is, filling out irregularities and grooves that are on the surfaces of the CCC and the block, although they are not noticeable with the naked eye. If the control tighten is to ignore, then in the near future the gasket "sell", and repair the engine will have to be repeated.
