High-quality engine operation, as well as fuel supply systems are important aspects of durable exploitation. vehicle. If the power unit operates incorrectly, the fuel consumption increases, the engine power is reduced, and other unpleasant moments are developing in the technical part of the car. Therefore, it is always necessary to monitor the quality of the work of important nodes of the car, to provide timely service and diagnose malfunctions in the early stages. If because exhaust pipe Your car shall be black smoke, you need to think about the factors that could cause such trouble. Often the problem can be solved without the intervention of professionals, but sometimes it is necessary to complete the engine diagnostics.
Black smoke may mean that in the combustion chambers does not fully burn gasoline, and such a factor may indicate that piston system The engine includes third-party elements, except for pure and high-quality gasoline. There are many problems that can cause such manifestations. Today we will look at the most common possibilities for the appearance of black smoke of their exhaust pipes and solutions to this problem with their own hands or on a professional station. maintenance.
The main causes of black smoke from the exhaust pipe
Immediately, let's say that the main reason for the appearance of black smoke from the exhaust pipe is incomplete combustion of fuel. IN this case Particles of soot, which were charred, but did not give out their energy, break through the exhaust pipe, contaminate the car exhaust gases and interfere with the normal operation of the vehicle. For some diesel engines to measure black smoke is a normal phenomenon when working on a cold and when the unit is started. Often, black smoke can be easily determined according to noticeable particles of soot, and its emission intensity is constantly increasing. The main reasons for such a phenomenon are as follows:
- fuel can be low quality, then its main part does not burn, but it turns out through the exhaust pipe;
- there was a malfunction in the system, the fuel supply does not work well, gasoline is poured uncontrollably;
- there was a breakdown or contamination of the nozzles, the fuel is fed not in the sprayed form, but an abundant jet;
- in the fuel there are additives and additives that are incompatible with the work of your engine type;
- perhaps the fuel injection sensors were broken, gasoline is constantly filed intensively and in large quantities;
- almost always in such situations significantly increases fuel consumption, toxicity is growing exhaust gases;
- the machine loses power, and the power unit begins to work with interruptions, badly start;
- one of the reasons for black smoke can also be depressing the cylinder block, which will require major repairs.
Too strong wear piston group Sometimes gives such consequences as black smoke from the exhaust pipe. In this case, the intensity of the output of smoke increases, the component of the black particles is constantly growing. As a result, it leads to the fact that the operation of the machine becomes impossible due to too abundant black exhausts and unpleasant odor Engine work products. If you are faced with such problems, you will have to be immediately accepted for their solution, since the car will soon be impossible to use for its intended purpose.
Solving problems with black smoke from exhaust pipe
Solve the situation with black exhaust is quite difficult, if we are talking about hardware changes in the machine design. It often happens that the owner of the car continues to operate, not paying attention to important indicators breakdowns. In this case, it is possible to aggravate the problem up to the physical impossibility normal launch Engine. If you are faced with the problem of black smoke and cannot continue the operation of the machine, you should conduct several important processes to understand the reason for this problem:
- fill knowously high quality fuel and roll back a few kilometers to assess the quality of the exhaust smoke;
- check out fuel filter for the presence of ferrous particles or other solid impurities;
- change air filterto avoid entering the engine of various air pollution;
- in the presence of certain knowledge and qualifications, view the operation of the injector, check the nozzles;
- on the diesel engine You can safely give the nozzles to clean, it will remove all problems in 90%;
- you can also measure compression in the cylinders to make sure in the quality operation of each part of the engine;
- help the diagnostics can adjust the valves and the ignition (especially for old carburetor cars).
There are dozens of small reasons that can become causes of abundant black smoke from the exhaust pipe. It is about serious discharges that are constantly growing. The actions listed above are a complete set of tools for self-combating the problem. It is enough to use all the presented ways to understand exactly what the node worries you and delivers a certain discomfort in the operation of the machine. But it is not always possible to determine and correct the problem.
Apply to the specialists and repair the engine malfunction
The more problems with the power unit are present in your car, the less pleasure you will receive from the operation of the car. Big flow Fuel, unpleasant exhaust, toxicity, as well as terrible interference with the unstable operation of the unit create an unpleasant sensation and do not allow the machine in the desired spectrum of cases. Therefore, if there is such a problem, you can safely contact the specialists who will take the following important actions:
- will be fully diagnosed with the car's nutrition system, as the main perpetrator of such problems;
- investigate the engine for the destruction and need for capital recovery;
- will see the need for maintenance of the machine, replacing filters and other elements of your aggregate;
- make preventive cleaning work power aggregate from old oil, which can burn out and give black smoke;
- fully promoted the engine, the new oil will fill for checking various problems of the problem;
- will be re-testing and long tests For confidence that the car will not repeat the problem.
Just contact the specialists to get necessary results. In particular, in a few hours of car testing on a professional station, a problem will be opened, which causes black smoke from the exhaust pipe. The decision to contact the normal workshop is the most correct elimination option for any serious troubleshooting. Especially when it comes to a power unit, which should be protected from various inept interventions, as well as from long work In the wrong modes. We offer to see a small video with the opinions of experts on the availability of different exhaust in the car:
Let's sum up
Good car work is guaranteed only if you constantly monitor the quality of the functioning of all aggregates. Abundant black smoke from the exhaust pipe is one of the variants of such problems that require high-quality and qualified intervention. If you can clean the nozzles yourself, view the filters and change the oil, do it, but almost always better and more rational to give the car on professional repairs To fulfill all the necessary processes.
At the maintenance station, your car will be tested, will find out the main reason for the problem and will present their vision to solve the problem. In some cases, it will be a simple cleaning of the injector, and in others - the replacement of the piston engine. Of course, the cost of repairing the car will depend on the decision. However, if one service seemed too expensive to you or not quite honest, no one prevents you from conducting diagnostics in one more repair company. Was the situation with the wrong exhaust color in your car, and how did you solve it?
One of the most common signs of car malfunctions is characterized by certain damage and smoke problems. The diagnosis of this problem is so wide that color, quantity, frequency of appearance and other factors that can signal problems are taken into account. But not everyone knows what the permanent white smoke differs and the periodic-appearing smoke of the same color. Or, what is affected by black smoke from the exhaust pipe. The exhaust smoke of a bluish color also has its own unique causes of appearance. All these manifestations require a detailed analysis and analysis. We present to your attention the first part dedicated to the appearance of black smoke.
Before dealing with separate "pathological" states exhaust smoke, It should be understood, and what is generally exhaust, for which it is needed, and how it looks normally. As follows from the name, evaporation coming from the machine through the muffler are the product of the processing that appear during the kinetic motion of the engine and adjacent it. In simple language, it is a compound of steam from water, nitrogen and carbon dioxide that appears during engine operation.
Normally, with serviceable engine compartment, as well as an acceptable quality of consuming materials, this smoke is almost blunder, has an excess odor exhaust, and a certain density level. But as already mentioned a little earlier, sometimes we are witnessing the emergence of unusual smoke of another color (most often white, blue and black smoke from the exhaust pipe), often simultaneously with a deterioration in the car resource (or without it). What is the reason for these diagnostic manifestations, we will try to understand in more detail, after analyzing each of these smoke species.
Black smoke from the exhaust pipe and the cause of its appearance
This is probably the most "popular" question, all drivers, in which diesel, carburetor or carburetor or injector engines. With such a manifestation there were many times the owners of old, used brands domestic production. But what is the reason for such an uncharacteristic evil evaporation, and why is it going black smoke from the exhaust pipe?
To begin with, calm and relieve panic - the appearance of black smoke, as a rule, does not indicate serious breakdowns in motor compartment. However, to expect that this problem is not able to cause damage later - a deliberately losing strategy. In essence, this is not a problem at all, but only one of the symptoms, the convenience of which is that it can be seen without a long digging in the components of the engine.
What signals the appearance of black smoke from the exhaust pipe? Depending on the type of engine and the state of the car, there may be several reasons, however, among them all the main and most likely, it is considered to be the interaction of the fuel and air mixture used. In practice, it looks like this: due to the oversaturated mixture, it cannot effectively turn into the engine cylinders, so that insufficiently recycled exhaust falling into the catalyst (and later in open air) along with the fuel surplus staining smoke into black.
At the appearance of such a smoke, the type of fuel does not affect the type of fuel, whether gasoline or diesel fuel, since the cause of the problem indicates breakdowns in the fuel supply system. In addition, sometimes black smoke from the exhaust pipe appears at startup, and later the smoke corresponds to normal as a dense. This is due to the fact that the fuel does not ignite in the chamber, and due to their dampness in the non-recycled form enters the silencer (as a rule, such an engine at the start strongly "Troit").
Remedy methods, as well as damage
There is a reasonable question "How to eliminate black smoke from the exhaust pipe?". For each type of engine, the answer will differ. A malfunction as it usually happens, damaged for the occurrence. W. carburetor type of ignition The cause of black smoke is overflowing in a float chamber, which means for repair it will be necessary to clean the disassembled carburetor, change the benges, and set the indicator of the measured gasoline inside the combustion chamber.
Due to the absence of a float in the system with injectorThe reasons and elimination of them will be very different. Here the filming is responsible for the filing, or rather "injectors". It is they who have the property to clog and disrupt the fuel supply. Clean them can be manually or using cleaning additives to gasoline. Sometimes in black smoke from the exhaust pipe "to blame" a faulty work fuel pump (Increased pressure flow occurs). Unfortunately, the only elimination of this type of breakage lies in its full replacement.
What is the reason for the breakdown diesel enginesAfter all, they are the highest culprits and leaders for black smoke emissions into the air. To begin with, it should be said that the brainstorming products of the a priori will issue a darker color than gasoline analogs. But in order to eliminate this toxic threat and reduce the amount of lead in smoke, the diesel vehicles are installed "the particulate filter". Due to its malfunction, smoke may become darker, thicker, and contain the amount of toxins dangerous for the environment. Replacement squeeze filter As a rule, returns these testimony to normal.
Consequences of faults
As in any other case, it is able to bring a lot of problems in the future. Very often, in time, seen by smoke becomes the first and last warning before a serious breakdown. For example, U. gasoline carsmobile Such a fault leads to a complete replacement of the catalyst. We have not written so long ago, o in our material. However, in any case, the replacement of such a device will no longer be cheap.
Even more fraught with ignoring such a problem W. diesel carsmobile. Since the pressure in the chamber using a similar type of fuel is even more than that of gasoline, the restenuation of the volume can cause a break of the supply unit, which will be repaired in a solid amount.
The spent gases are formed in the engine cylinder when combustion of the fuel and air mixture. Accordingly, if this process goes on some abnormal scenario, it acquires the characteristic color and smell. The main causes of such phenomena: incomplete combustion of the fuel and air mixture and enter the combustion chamber or. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to tie them with confidence with a specific change in the color of smoke from the exhaust pipe, but there are still their patterns in this.
The incomplete combustion of the fuel-air mixture occurs due to its incorrect relation (too rich or poor) or, for example, due to the decline. In this case, the color of exhaust gases varies from light gray to dark gray or black. It is more clearly manifested in diesel engines, because they operate in a wider range of the ratio of the fuel and air mixture. The change in the color of exhaust gases is accompanied by the appearance of the characteristic smell of gasoline or diesel fuel. If the mixture is too rich (oversupply of fuel), then the smoke moves into dark shades of gray, and in the brighter - during the depleted (air surplus). Among the perpetrators the mass of concrete reasons: from to loss of tightness of the air intake system.
Size shades of exhaust gases clearly indicate the combustion of oil in the cylinder. In a combustion chamber, it will fall for many reasons: from the wear of the piston rings and the cylindropore group as a whole to the fatigue of the oil-challenge caps.
The wear of the oil-challenge caps manifests itself quite specific - the large emission of the siza smoke from the exhaust pipe occurs when and then completely comes on. The fact is that with a prolonged simple machine, the oil slowly seeps through the worn valve stem seals And accumulates in the cylinder. After starting the motor, this volume is quickly burning. When the engine is running, the oil seeps through the caps in very small volumes, so its combustion does not lead to the appearance of a sizogue smoke, unless, of course, the valves are not frankly chatted in their guides.
If the SIZY smoke is observed constantly, it means in large volumes and it can talk about the strong wear of the walls of cylinders or, for example, piston rings, that is, a costly repair.
Another culprit - ventilation system carter gaseswhich due to a malfunction begins to actively drive oil in inlet system Engine. At the same time, the active maslip is observed when driving precisely on high revs.
Antifreeze entering the combustion chamber always causes constant thick white smoke from the exhaust pipe. Among the reasons: cracks in the cylinder block, sleeve or block head; exercise gBC pads. However, other factors are often adjusted for such a type of smoke: from the laws of physics and the laid algorithms for the work of specific motors to the notorious oil entering the combustion chamber.
Frequently thick white smoke is observed at a cold start in crude weather. With increasing temperature there is an active evaporation of the condensation accumulated in the exhaust system. After a couple of minutes, this effect comes down. Moreover, on the multi-cylindron motors of a large volume at the time of the warm-up of the pipe, it may even run a distinct waterfront - it is absolutely normal and says that the engine feels good.
The unexpected appearance of a thick white smoke on the go on a completely warm diesel engine can cause a system of regeneration of the particulate filter, which saw suitable conditions for the movement of the car and decided to conduct a soot burning procedure. The main thing is not to panic, the process usually takes just a couple of minutes. In this mode, the motor control system forcibly enriches the fuel-air mixture to raise the temperature of the exhaust gases to the required level for burning soot.
Under thick white smoke with barely distinguishable dark shades, the combustion of the oil in the combustion chamber in large volumes is sometimes adjacent. This often occurs when the worn begins to actively drive the liquid into the intake system of the motor or the same deficulent crankcase ventilation system. The problem is that the characteristic smell of burned oil can interrupt the catalytic neutralizer. However, it is possible to shed light to the source of the troubles, if you hold a white napkin or sheet paper from the exhaust pipe (just do not hit!). Oil fog will definitely leave characteristic traces on a homemade indicator.
We thank LLC "Inomor" (Moscow) for help in preparing the material.
History of Used Cars different models You will find in.
What do you think, what? This is a question about the color of smoke from the exhaust pipe. On numerous forums on the Internet every day a huge number of people are looking for reasons that may have led to the formation of strong smoke in the exhaust system. Offer detailed instructionswhich will help you learn about the color of the exhaust cause for the formation of unnecessary smoke.
See also: The most expensive breakdowns in the car
Usually we do not think about how everything works in the car, and do not go into details about the vehicle device. But it happens exactly until that moment until our car starts to show, which we begin to scare. Many of us after that, instead of contacting the car service, conduct sleepless nights in search of answers on the Internet for emerging issues about the car.
The most common, this is the appearance of excessive smoke from the exhaust system.
Unfortunately, information in the network is contradictory and can knock down anyone. We offer for you detailed instructions infographic, which will help learn the color of the exhaust possible cause of the car malfunction.
For those who do not know. For everyone modern carsin which engine drives up to operating temperature (90 degrees), and all systems work properly, the smoke from the exhaust system should not be visible.
It is important to know: five types of liquids that need to be checked in the car
There are three types of smoke that can leave the pipe. This is white, gray (white with a bluish tint) and black.
Here are the main reasons for which smoke forms a certain color:
White smoke It is formed due to evaporation of water, which is mixed with exhaust gases formed when the fuel combustion cycle in the engine
SIZY smoke * (blue, blue) is formed from mixing fuel residues that fall into exhaust system, mixing with gases coming from the combustion chamber
Black smoke It suggests that in the combustion chamber during the cycle of work oversupply of fuel.
* Attention! Unfortunately, many owners confuse a gray smoke with other colors. In order for you to know exactly what the SIZY (blue, blue, gray-blue, etc.) looks like a sample, it is possible to give all possible shades of the sizogue smoke. (Palette of colors yandex)
Below you can watch three flowcharts (infographics) that will help you learn separately for each color exhaust possible causes of smoke formation. Our instruction will allow you to save considerable funds that you give for diagnostics in the technical center. After all, having made a simple diagnosis with the help of our modules schemes, you can find out how much the problem with the appearance of smoke is serious. Of course, have, in mind that our three schemes are not exhaustive, and do not take into account all possible fault options. But, nevertheless, our instructions will help give an idea of \u200b\u200bthe scale of the problem of the appearance of smoke from the exhaust vehicle system. Also, our infographics will tell you exactly where to seek a malfunction, which led to an excessive visible smoke from the exhaust pipe.
Determine the malfunction of the machine for indirect features is a pair of trifles for an experienced driver. He will easily tell about the problems of the "horses" on the strange sound (whistle, a screen or knock) or the color of the smoke of their exhaust pipe. But can you really diagnose a malfunction one by one only shade of exhaust? - quite. At the same time, in practice, black smoke from the exhaust pipe is not the only option. He is still white and blue. But talk about it more.
What color from the exhaust pipe is the norm?
Before we consider some deviations from the norm, let's decide on the optimal tint of the "smoke curtain." For example, you sit in another cold car and start the motor. From the exhaust pipe begins to pour smoke white color. During the warm-up of the machine, this is quite logical. In essence, you see not smoke, as such, and steam evaporation. The engine is gradually gaining a temperature, and condensate is clearly seen by the human eye. After the final warming of the power node, evaporation almost will not.
Note that if the temperature overboard is less than 10 degrees of heat, then the smoke of white color from the exhaust will always go out - even after heating the car. If the outside of frost (for example, from -10 and below), the exhaust gases become dense. It is also worth remembering that the thickness of the smoke depends on the humidity (if the moisture is high on the street, then the smoke will be thick).
Tints and diagnostics
For a better understanding, we will discuss each of the options:
- Black smoke - explicit evidence too enriched fuel mixes. What does it mean? Finding into the combustion chamber, one part of the fuel is flammable, and the second is thrown into the exhaust system. Under the action of ultrahigh temperatures, the underworked fuel decomposes, and at the exit we see the black soot.
Therefore, you should look for the problem in those nodes that are responsible for enrichment combustible mixture Before injection into the engine. Such can be attributed to the system:
Injection distribution;
Ignition;
Nutrition.
Most often, the appearance of smoke is not the only symptom of malfunction. At the same time, you can notice the engine malfunctions, problems with the launch of the power node, a reduction in power, high toxicity of gases and so on. In addition, when analyzing the problem, you must consider the type of engine from the type of fuel:
On gasoline cars with automatic system Injection The cause of the malfunction can serve a breakdown of one of the numerous sensors, a disorder of the integrity of the nozzle housing, malfunctions in the operation of the control unit and so on. The most dangerous of the listed problems is a malfunction of nozzles, because with the loss of tightness, the likelihood of a foreign fluid in the engine is large, and there is not far from the hydroward;
On diesel auto, the appearance of black smoke is often caused by two reasons - by changing the angle of ahead in a large side or failure (malfunctions) of high pressure pump.
It is impossible to leave such a malfunction without repair. Otherwise, the elements of the CPG (cylindrophone group) are much faster. Fuel departing from the combustion chamber literally "licks" lubrication on the cylinders. In addition, the unlawful composition necessarily enters the oil and worsens its operational qualities. In this case, it may take full replacement lubricating fluid.
- Blue (sometimes gray) The color of smoke is the result of entering and further inflammation of the oil in the combustion chamber. In most cases, the owner of old cars is faced with this problem, the engine of which is already delivering their last days. Thus, the walls of the power unit were already wear out, the piston rings became "sieve" and do not create due compression, the engine begins "there is oil" and its power drops. The cause of oil entering the combustion chamber can be simply defective rings, which over the years of service were closed and lost their former mobility.
Solution to the problem - overhaul Engine. But, by the way, everything is not always so sad. Another malfunction is possible, which many forget about the deformation and loss of the elasticity of rubber caps, which play the role of sealing valve rods. In this case, the costs will be much smaller.
And also, if on your car turbocharged engine, then the appearance of blue smoke may indicate the failure of the turbine.
- White smoke in some cases (we mentioned above) should not be surprised by car enthusiasts (for example, when it's cold outside, and the car is not free). But how to react to such an exhaust color, if the engine is already "doser", the temperature overboard is more +10 degrees Celsius?
The main reason is the attachment of antifreeze (toosol) to the cylinders of the power node. How is it possible? There are two options - the gasket burned under the cover of the cylinder head or cracked the unit itself. Further everything is simple. The coolant comes together with the fuel-air mixture into the chamber, naturally, does not burn and does not evaporate, but is converted to a thick smoke of white. The most interesting thing is that the shade of the exhaust may vary, depending on the humidity, the composition of the coolant (antifreeze, toosol, water) or lighting on the street (day, artificial).
How to determine exactly the malfunction in the cooling system? Get out of the car, attach any piece of paper to the exhaust pipe out and let him dry. Water quickly disappears, and after it there is no greasy spots.
Worst of all, if the cause of white smoke is a crack in the cylinder block, because exhaust gases can enter the cooling system. This, in turn, leads to the creation of gas traffic jams. In order to make sure that, unscrew the covers on the radiator and the tank with the coolant. An explicit "aroma" of exhaust gases from tanks immediately will be given.
Find a damaged cylinder (if necessary) is also easy - unscrew all the candles and appreciate their condition. One of the candles will have a perfect look, without a track of Nagara. It is easy to explain. The coolant after it falls into the cylinder, clears everything around to the shine (unless ordinary water was not filled as a coolant).
One more possible reason toosol (antifreeze) in motor - damage rubber gasket On the intake manifold manifold. If so, then the cooling fluid finds itself the road through the inlet system. It is very difficult to diagnose such a problem - the pressure remains at the same level, there is no smell of exhaust. But! The oil begins to be smoothly converted into the emulsion, and the volume of coolant in the tank decreases sharply.
Output
Remember that the appearance of white, SIZO (blue) or black smoke from your car requires operational solutions and quickly eliminate the problem. In case of inaction, the further operation of the car may be at all in the question.
