Rules of behavior for drivers.
In order to prevent road accidents The author of the article proposes the following norms of behavior for car drivers:
1. Drivers voluntarily, once a year (at least), repeat (study) the rules road traffic... This must be done because of:
a) permanent additions and changes to the Rules;
b) forgetting certain points of the Rules;
First of all, the need voluntary repetition of the Rules needed by drivers (owners) of individual vehicles. There is no other mechanism for them.
Hired drivers are required to complete a 20-hour Traffic Regulations training program annually. And the employer organizes this training in accordance with Article 20 of the Law on Road Safety and in accordance with the joint document of the Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation "Curriculum-Thematic Plan and the Program of Annual Lessons with Drivers of Motor Transport Organizations", which came into force on 01.01. 2002 (RD No. 26127100-1070-01.2.10.01).
2. Treat to the Rules of the road Russian Federation with all responsibility and honesty. The rules were written in 1940 and constantly, including on the basis of the analysis of road accidents, are changed, improved and supplemented. Today the document is hard-won, competent, understandable, its content takes into account all aspects of road traffic. Compliance with the rules of the road by each driver will lead to a decrease in accidents on the roads. Failure to comply with the Rules leads to accidents and problems.
3. Before leaving the driver must rest. Inter-shift rest norms driver for hire are set out in the article "Work and rest of the driver" on this site.
4. The driver is prohibited drive a vehicle in a state of intoxication (alcoholic, narcotic or otherwise), under the influence of drugs, in a sick or tired state. After drinking even small doses of alcohol reaction time increases 2-4 times.
5. Carefully observe the situation on the road, using the space that appears in front of your eyes, broken down into 3 zones:
a) planning area- a distant part of the space in the direction of travel, into which the driver is going to enter in 30-120 seconds. Further actions are forecasted and planned in this area.
b) the field of view, into which the driver enters in 12-15 seconds. In this area, attention is focused only on sources of potential danger and obstacles.
c) the coverage area into which the driver enters in 2-4 seconds. If a danger is detected in this area, take measures to prevent accidents. Try to avoid a collision in 3 ways: brake; collapse; increase speed.
6. Do not use while driving by phone. During a conversation concentration of attention switches from the road to the topic of conversation.
7. Don't compete on the road. The road is not an autodrome.
8. When driving by car on the highway for 3 hours in a row, stop for a 15-minute rest. Then, every 2 hours of movement - a 15-minute rest. The total duration of driving for driver for hire during the day - in the article "Work and rest of the driver" on this site.
9. Do not obstruct overtaking (clause 11.3. SDA). The maneuver is dangerous, there is little time to complete it. It is best to release the throttle slightly and lean slightly to the right.
10. Reduce speed and go to the right, if you see that the car driving towards you does not have time to complete overtaking.
11. Patiently and be sympathetic to the mistakes of other drivers. Give way if another driver asks for it, even if he is wrong.
12. Confess principle - deliberately (knowingly) not to violate the traffic rules.
13. Explore types of nervous system, temperament and character of a person and use this knowledge in order to ensure road safety. There are four different types temperament - sanguine, choleric, phlegmatic and melancholic. Several types of character, etc.
Avtotrans-consultant.ru.
1. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1.1. This Instruction defines the duties and rights of a driver working in a company car in LLC _____, hereinafter referred to as the "Company".
1.2. The term "driver" means the direct regular driver of the Company or another employee who uses the Company's car or a car at the disposal of the Company for official purposes on a permanent or temporary basis.
1.3. This Instruction applies to employees operating personal vehicles for business purposes.
1.4. The driver of the Society must know:
Traffic rules, penalties for their violation.
Main technical characteristics and general arrangement car, purpose, device, principle of operation, operation and maintenance of units, mechanisms and devices of the car.
The procedure for installing and removing alarm systems, the nature and conditions of their operation.
Basics of traffic safety.
Signs, causes and dangerous consequences of malfunctions arising during the operation of the car, methods of their detection and elimination.
Car maintenance procedure.
Rules for the operation of batteries and car tires.
The influence of weather conditions on the safety of driving a car.
Ways to prevent road accidents.
Techniques for providing first aid in case of accidents.
2. OBLIGATIONS OF THE DRIVER
2.1. Strictly comply with all orders of the head of the Company and his immediate superior. Ensure timely delivery of the vehicle.
2.2. Ensure the technically sound condition of the vehicle assigned to the driver.
2.3. Do not leave the car unattended out of sight for any minimum period that gives the chance of car theft or theft of any items from the passenger compartment.
2.4. It is imperative to put the car on the alarm in any case of leaving the salon. During movement and parking, all vehicle doors must be locked. When leaving the car (boarding), you must make sure that there is no potential danger.
2.5 Ensure correct professional smooth driving of the car, which maximally ensures the safety of the life and health of passengers and the technical good condition of the car itself. Do not use sound signals and sudden overtaking of vehicles in front unless absolutely necessary. The driver is obliged and must foresee any traffic situation, and, in accordance with the situation, choose the speed and distance that exclude the occurrence of an accident.
2.6. Monitor the technical condition of the car, perform independently the necessary work to ensure its safe operation (according to the operating instructions), timely undergo maintenance at the service center and technical inspection.
2.8. Provide your line manager with truthful information about your well-being.
2.9. Do not use alcohol, psychotropic, hypnotic, antidepressant and other drugs before or during work that reduce the attention, reaction and performance of the human body.
2.10. To categorically not allow any cases of delivery of any passengers or cargo at their own discretion, as well as any types of use of the car for personal purposes without the permission of the management. Always be at the workplace in the vehicle or in the immediate vicinity of it.
2.11. Before leaving, clearly work out the route of travel, coordinate it with the senior group and the immediate supervisor. If possible, avoid driving in dark time days, if it is not related to production needs.
2.12. Keep waybills daily, noting routes, kilometers traveled, fuel consumption. Regular drivers also note the amount of hours worked.
2.13. At the end of the working day, leave the car entrusted to him in the parking lot opposite the building of the Society or in the garage of the Society.
2.14. Closely monitor the surrounding traffic conditions. To memorize numbers and signs of cars in case of their long following "on the tail" of the car of the Company. Report to your immediate supervisor all your suspicions regarding safety issues, make your suggestions for improving it.
2.15. To carry out one-time instructions from the management, loading and unloading and other work related to the activities of the Company.
2.16. Avoid cases of engaging in extraneous matters during working hours. To be useful to the Company in its current economic activities. Show reasonable constructive initiative.
3. RIGHTS
3.1. Require passengers to comply with the rules of conduct, traffic rules, cleanliness, and wear a seat belt.
3.2. Receive from the employees of the Company the information necessary to carry out their activities.
3.3. Submit proposals aimed at improving the safety and trouble-free operation of the car, as well as on any other issues related to the execution of this Instruction, for consideration by his immediate management.
3.4. Require the management of the Society to assist in the performance of their official duties.
4. LIABILITY
4.1. The driver is responsible for:
For non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment of their obligations under this instruction, in accordance with the current labor legislation.
For offenses committed during the period of carrying out their activities - in accordance with the current civil, administrative and criminal legislation.
For causing material damage - in accordance with applicable law.
Agreed
Head of Transport Department
Head of HR department
For the driver, as for any other employee of the enterprise, there is a job description. This document regulates the list of duties, rights and responsibilities of drivers. And although it is not mandatory regulations enterprises, lawyers recommend prescribing the provisions and clauses in this document as accurately and thoroughly as possible, so that in the future there is no possibility of their double interpretation.
I APPROVE:
General manager
OOO "Deliveries Wholesale"
Shirokov/ Shirokov I.A. /
August 12, 2014
Job description car driver
1.1. This document regulates the list of job functions, tasks, duties that must be performed by the driver of the organization, as well as his rights, responsibility, working conditions and other parameters.
1.2. The driver of the organization must have at least secondary education, have been driving a car for at least three years, as well as the rights of categories "B".
1.3. Recruitment and dismissal takes place in the manner prescribed by the internal rules of the organization and with the obligatory presence of an appropriate order from the management.
1.4. The driver's immediate supervisor is the director of the enterprise.
1.5. In the absence of a driver at the workplace, his duties are transferred to a person appointed by a separate order of the head of the company and having the required level of education and work experience.
1.6. The driver must be familiar with:
- the laws of the Russian Federation in the field of civil and labor law;
- internal regulations of organization, labor protection, fire safety, etc.
- The charter of the organization;
- orders and instructions of the management, company regulations;
- traffic rules, penalties for certain traffic violations;
- road maps of the region.
1.7. The driver must own:
- full details of internal structure the car, the principles of its work;
- information about the equipment of the car, its technical characteristics, devices, mechanisms and assemblies, as well as their purpose and maintenance;
- ways and methods of troubleshooting, as well as their elimination with improvised means;
- knowledge about the consequences of certain breakdowns and malfunctions in the operation of the engine and other car systems;
- service standards vehicles, including washing, cleaning the body and interior, keeping in the garage, etc.
II. Responsibilities of the car driver
2.1. The list of driver's work functions includes the following tasks:
- driving a car,
- timely arrival at workplace and delivery of the car to the entrance of the organization, as well as putting the car in the garage after a work shift;
- timely refueling, adding oil, and adding other fluids necessary for the operation of the car;
- adherence to the rules of the road, observance of all road signs, timely familiarization with all the changes introduced by law to the traffic rules;
- ensuring the safety of passengers while driving and driving a car;
- ensuring the safety of property in the trunk of the car;
- control over the safety and integrity of the car itself, including leaving it in parking lots and parking lots only with the alarm on, blocking all doors and windows both while driving and during stops;
- daily inspection technical condition car, timely elimination of identified malfunctions on their own or with the help of specialized car services;
- keeping the car clean and tidy, including daily morning car wash at the car wash and weekly dry cleaning of the interior;
- advance preparation for long trips, familiarization with the terrain and road maps, the choice of the shortest routes;
- exclusion of the use of any drugs, drugs, foods and liquids that can affect the driver's performance, concentration, coordination of movements and reaction;
- work with itinerary and waybills, including entering information into documents on mileage, consumption of gasoline and oil, travel destinations, etc., timely provision of documentation for reporting;
- fulfillment of orders and instructions of the direct supervisor.
- respect for the entrusted car.
ІІІ. Rights
3.1. The driver has the following powers and rights:
- make reasoned and well-grounded proposals to the management to improve and optimize the work of both yourself and the organization as a whole;
- independently make decisions to ensure the safety of both yourself and passengers when the car is moving;
- demand from the management to ensure labor safety;
- receive all the necessary information from employees of car service enterprises about car repair;
- make suggestions for optimization route traffic, incl. to reduce the financial costs of travel;
- participate in any corporate events (meetings, discussions, meetings) directly related to his activities;
- make constructive suggestions to eliminate violations, errors, shortcomings identified in the course of work;
- enter into communications with representatives of any structural divisions of the company to resolve issues within his competence;
- refuse to perform work functions when there is a threat to life or health.
IV. A responsibility
The driver is liable for the following violations:
4.1. Causing, intentionally or unintentionally, damage to the vehicles entrusted to him (engine, systems and assemblies, mechanisms and assemblies, interior and body), as well as untimely service and maintenance,
4.2. Causing damage to the health of passengers and other road users;
4.3. The use of any prohibited and permitted substances that negatively affect coordination, thinking, reaction, etc.
4.4. Neglect to perform labor duties, including complete evasion from them.
4.5. Regular violation of the internal regulations, work and rest hours, discipline established at the enterprise, as well as violation of any types of safety.
4.6. Failure to comply with the orders and orders issued by the management of the organization or the immediate leader.
4.7. Disclosure of confidential information about the organization.
4.8. Providing the authorities with inaccurate information in the reporting documents;
4.9. These points of the job description strictly comply with the framework of the current legislation of the Russian Federation.
AGREED
Head of the transport department
OOO "Deliveries Wholesale"
Myshkin/ Myshkin T.V. /
August 12, 2014
FAMILIAR WITH THE INSTRUCTIONS
Ivanov R.S.
Driver of LLC "Deliveries Wholesale"
Passport 8735 No. 253664
Issued by the Department of Internal Affairs of the Leninsky District of Perm
09/14/2012 subdivision code 123-425
Signature Ivanov
August 17, 2014
Files
What is the driver's job description for?
The job description is important not only for ordinary employees of the enterprise, but also for management. It makes it possible to coordinate the relationship between the employer and subordinates, clearly defining the work functionality and responsibility of the drivers. In conflict situations, when the intervention of the court is required to resolve the dispute, the job description serves as evidence of the presence or absence of fault on the part of the employee or employer.
Basic rules for drawing up a driver's job description
There is no standard, universally accepted form of driver's job description, so companies can develop and approve it themselves. Since there is no single sample, in different organizations employees in the same position can perform different functions, but at the same time, their main responsibilities should be similar. A driver's job description usually includes the following parts:
- "General Provisions"
- "Job responsibilities",
- "Rights",
- "A responsibility".
If necessary or at the will of the management, other points can be added to it.
The job description is usually drawn up by a lawyer of the enterprise or a specialist in the personnel department. She is taking shape in one copy, but if there are several drivers at the enterprise, then copies of it are printed in the required quantity.
Each driver must be familiar with the document, he is also obliged to put his signature under it, which will indicate that the employee agrees with its content.
The job description must be certified by the direct supervisor of the driver or the person responsible for the implementation of the rules and regulations prescribed in it. The head of the enterprise must also sign the document.
Drawing up the job description of the driver
At the very top of the job description, on the right, place should be left for the resolution of the head of the organization. The form for it is standard: here you need to enter his position (general director, director), the name of the company, last name, first name, patronymic, and also leave a line for signature with mandatory decoding and put the date of approval. Then, in the middle of the line, you need to write the name of the document.
Main sections
In the first section titled "General Provisions" first, it should be noted to which category of employees the driver belongs (worker, technical personnel, specialist, etc.), then it is indicated to whom he reports and who replaces him in case of such a need (here it is enough to indicate the positions of authorized employees, without names) ... Further, the document contains the qualification requirements for the driver (specialization, education, additional professional training), as well as the required work experience and length of service. It is also worth pointing out on the basis of which documents the driver is appointed and removed from office.
Then, in the same section below, you must list all the rules, laws, orders, regulations with which the driver must be familiar, as well as the requirements for knowledge of the car.
Second part "Job responsibilities of the driver" concerns directly the instructions that are entrusted to him. They need to be prescribed as detailed and clearly as possible, taking into account the characteristics of the enterprise where the driver works.
Chapter "Rights" includes the powers that are given to the driver in order to efficiently perform his work. Here you can specify separately his right to various initiatives, including interaction with management and other parts of the organization when such a need arises, as well as the right to participate in internal company events and additional training.
In chapter "A responsibility" violations are clearly established for which the employer has the right to bring the driver to recovery. It should be noted here that the driver is personally responsible for the safety of the car and its parts, as well as compliance with labor regulations and safety standards.
After registration, the document must be agreed with the superior (above the driver) employee of the organization (either the immediate supervisor, or a person authorized to monitor compliance with the rules and regulations prescribed in the job description). Here you should enter his position, name of the organization, last name, first name, patronymic, and also sign with a decryption.
It is necessary to indicate below driver data: his last name, first name, patronymic (in full), again the name of the organization, passport data, signature and date of acquaintance with the document. It is not necessary to certify the job description with a seal, since it refers to the internal documents of the enterprise.
This instruction on labor protection for the driver of the car vehicle, developed on the basis of the order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation No. 59n dated 02/06/2018, is available for free viewing and downloading.
1. GENERAL LABOR PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS
1.1. This instruction on labor protection for the driver of a vehicle was developed on the basis of the order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation No. 59n dated February 6, 2018.
1.2. Compliance with the requirements of this manual is mandatory when organizing and carrying out work related to the operation of vehicles (hereinafter - ATS).
1.3. This instruction does not apply to workers engaged in work related to the operation of floor trackless wheeled vehicles (forklift trucks and electric forklifts, autocars and electric cars, freight carts) used in technological transport operations inside the exploited territories.
1.4. TO independent work Persons who have reached the age of 18, who have a certificate for the right to drive this category of transport, who have passed a medical examination and have no contraindications for health reasons, as well as who have passed introductory and primary instructions on labor protection at the workplace, who have studied the technical documentation, are allowed as a driver of a vehicle , operating instructions for the used ATS, trained in safe working methods, training at the workplace and testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements, having an appropriate electrical safety group. as well as those trained in fire safety rules and testing knowledge of fire safety rules in the amount of job responsibilities, training in methods of rendering first aid to the victim in case of accidents.
1.5. The driver of the vehicle must pass:
- repeated instruction on labor protection at the workplace at least once every 3 months;
- unscheduled briefing: when changing technological process or the rules on labor protection, replacement or modernization of production equipment, devices and tools, changes in working conditions and organization, in case of violations of labor protection instructions, interruptions in work for more than 60 calendar days (for work for which increased safety requirements are imposed - 30 calendar days);
- periodic medical examination in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation;
- regular testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements at least once a year.
1.6. The driver of the vehicle is obliged to:
- comply with the Labor Regulations;
- comply with the requirements of this manual, instructions on fire safety measures, electrical safety instructions;
- comply with the requirements for the operation of the car;
- comply with the traffic rules;
- use for the intended purpose and take care of the issued funds individual protection.
1.7. The driver of the vehicle must:
- be able to provide first aid to the victim in an accident;
- have in the car a first aid kit, primary fire extinguishing equipment;
- to carry out only the assigned work and not to transfer it to others;
- during work, be attentive, do not be distracted or distract others, do not allow persons who are not related to work to enter the workplace;
- keep the workplace clean and tidy.
1.8. The driver of the vehicle must know and follow the rules of personal hygiene. Eat, smoke, rest only in specially designated rooms and places. Drink water only from installations specially designed for this.
1.9. If you find any malfunctions in the vehicle, devices, tools and other deficiencies or dangers in the workplace, immediately stop the car. Only after eliminating the noted shortcomings, continue to work on the PBX.
1.10. During the operation of automatic telephone exchanges, employees may be exposed to the following harmful and / or hazardous production factors:
- moving machines and mechanisms, moving parts of technological equipment, tools, moving products, blanks, materials;
- falling objects (elements of technological equipment, tools);
- sharp edges, burrs and roughness on the surface of technological equipment, tools;
- increased dust and gas content of the air in the working area;
- increased or decreased surface temperature of technological equipment, materials;
- increased or decreased air temperature in the working area;
- increased noise level at the workplace;
- increased vibration level;
- high or low air humidity;
- increased air mobility;
- lack or insufficient natural lighting;
- insufficient illumination of the working area;
- physical overload;
- neuropsychic overload.
1.11. The driver of the vehicle must be provided with personal protective equipment in accordance with the current Norms for the issuance of special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment (PPE), developed on the basis of the Interindustry Rules for the provision of workers with special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment.
1.12. The issued special clothing, special footwear and other PPE must correspond to the nature and conditions of work, ensure labor safety, have a certificate of conformity or a declaration.
1.13. Personal protective equipment for which there is no technical documentation, as well as with an expired shelf life, are not allowed for use.
1.14. It is prohibited to use overalls and other PPE for purposes other than the main work.
1.15. The territory of the transport organization should be illuminated at night. Outdoor lighting should be controlled independently from lighting controls within production areas.
1.16. Hatches of gutters and other underground structures on the territory of a motor transport organization must always be in a closed position.
1.17. For the movement of vehicles on the territory of the transport organization and the movement of workers, a schematic plan must be drawn up, indicating the permitted and prohibited directions of movement, turns, exits and exits. The plan should be posted at the gates of the transport organization along with the inscription "Beware of the car" and should be illuminated at night.
1.18. For the passage of workers to the territory of the transport organization, a checkpoint or a wicket must be arranged in the immediate vicinity of the entrance gate. It is forbidden to enter the territory of the transport organization through the entrance gates.
1.19. When operating vehicles, the employer is obliged to ensure the optimal work and rest regime of drivers of vehicles in terms of the duration of their work and rest, including through the use of tachographs in accordance with the procedure established by the current legislation of the Russian Federation.
1.20. It is forbidden to drink alcoholic beverages, appear at work and operate ATS while intoxicated, in a state of narcotic or toxic intoxication.
1.21. The driver of the vehicle is obliged to immediately notify his immediate or superior work manager about any situation that threatens the life and health of people, about every accident or deterioration in his health, as well as about all noticed malfunctions.
1.22. On detection of fire or in case of fire:
- stop the automatic telephone exchange, turn off the ignition, turn off the taps of the gas line and fuels and lubricants;
- start extinguishing the fire with the available primary fire extinguishing means in accordance with the fire safety instructions.
1.23. In case of an accident, provide the victim with first aid, immediately report the incident to the direct supervisor of the workshop, take measures to preserve the situation of the incident (accident), if this does not pose a danger to others.
1.24. The requirements of this labor protection instruction are mandatory for the employee. Failure to comply with these requirements is considered a violation of labor discipline and entails liability in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.
2. LABOR PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK
2.1. Check the serviceability of overalls, safety footwear and other PPE for external damage, put on serviceable PPE appropriate to the work being performed, button up, avoiding loose ends, fasten or lace up shoes, put on a hat.
2.2. Do not pin the overalls with pins, needles, do not keep sharp and fragile objects in your pockets.
2.3. Before leaving, the driver of the vehicle, together with the garage mechanic, must make sure that the vehicle is in full working order and check:
- technical condition of the vehicle and the trailer, reversing Special attention for serviceability of tires, brake system, steering, coupling devices road trains, lighting and signaling devices, wipers, on correct installation rear-view mirrors, cleanliness and visibility of license plates and their duplicating inscriptions;
- absence of leakage of fuel, oil and water, and in gas-cylinder vehicles, the tightness of gas equipment and lines;
- tire pressure in accordance with standards;
- availability of serviceable tools and devices;
- filling the vehicle with fuel, oil, water, brake fluid and the electrolyte level in battery, after which the mechanic makes an entry in a special journal about the technical condition of the vehicle;
- availability of a tachograph, fire extinguisher and first aid kit, as well as a vest with reflective stripes.
2.4. The driver of the vehicle is prohibited from going on the flight if the technical condition of the vehicle and optional equipment do not meet the requirements of the Road Traffic Regulations.
2.5. Before leaving, get instructions on labor protection on the working conditions on the line and the features of the cargo being transported, and when going on a long (lasting more than one day) flight, check that the vehicle is equipped with serviceable metal tragus (stands), a shovel, a towing device, a safety fork for the wheel lock ring , snow chains (in winter time).
2.6. Before starting the vehicle, make sure that the vehicle is braked with the parking brake and that the gear (controller) shift lever is in neutral.
2.7. Before starting the vehicle engine connected to the heating system, it is necessary to first turn off and disconnect the heating elements.
2.8. The ATC engine should be started with a starter.
2.9. In exceptional cases (malfunction of the starter, starting the "cold engine"), it is allowed to start the ATC engine using the starting handle. When starting the ATC engine using the starting handle, the following requirements must be observed:
- turn the starting handle from the bottom to the top;
- do not grip the handle with your thumb (fingers should be on one side);
- when manually adjusting the ignition timing, set late ignition.
2.10. Do not use levers or other devices to enhance the impact on the starting handle.
3. REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION DURING WORK
3.1. Obey the Internal Labor Regulations, other documents regulating labor discipline issues, follow written and oral orders (orders) of the immediate supervisor.
3.2. Apply safe working methods and techniques, comply with labor protection requirements.
3.3. Do not entrust your work to untrained and unauthorized persons.
3.4. The speed of movement of the vehicle on the territory of the organization should not exceed 20 km / h, indoors - 5 km / h, on sites for checking the brakes - 40 km / h.
3.5. When two or more vehicles are sent on a flight to work together for a period of more than two days, a senior group must be appointed who is responsible for ensuring compliance with labor protection requirements. Compliance with the requirements of this employee is mandatory for all drivers of a group of vehicles.
3.6. Persons accompanying (receiving) cargo must be accommodated only in the cab of the cargo vehicle.
3.7. When the vehicle stops, the possibility of its spontaneous movement must be excluded:
- the ignition is turned off or the fuel supply is cut off;
- the gear change lever (controller) is set to neutral;
- ATS is braked with a parking brake.
3.8. When exiting the ATS cab onto the carriageway, you must first make sure that there is no movement both in the same direction and in the opposite direction.
3.9. When working on road trains, the coupling of a road train consisting of a car and trailers must be carried out by the driver, the coupler and the employee coordinating their work.
3.10. In exceptional cases (long-distance flights, transportation of agricultural products from the fields), one driver is allowed to hitch a car and a trailer. In this case, it is necessary:
- brake the trailer with the parking brake;
- check the condition of the towing device;
- put special stops (shoes) under the trailer wheels;
- make the coupling, including the connection of hydraulic, pneumatic and electrical systems car and trailer.
3.11. Before the start of the movement of the automatic telephone exchange reverse it is necessary to secure the trailer turntable with a locking device.
3.12. When working on hitching a car with a trailer, the gear shift lever (controller) must be in neutral.
3.13. Do not use the clutch pedal to disengage the transmission.
3.14. Coupling and uncoupling of vehicles should be carried out only on a flat, horizontal area with a hard surface. In this case, the longitudinal axes of the towing vehicle and the semitrailer should be located on one straight line.
3.15. The sides of semi-trailers must be closed when hitching. Before hitching, make sure that:
- fifth wheel coupling, kingpin and their fastening are in good order;
- the semitrailer is braked by the parking brake;
- the front part of the semitrailer is positioned in such a way that when hitching, the front edge of the support sheet hits the slide or saddle (if necessary, raise or lower the front part of the semitrailer).
3.16. When hanging the vehicle on a ground surface, it is necessary to level the jack installation site, put a lining of sufficient size and strength under the jack, on which to install the jack.
3.17. Places for unloading dump trucks at slopes and ravines should be equipped with wheel deflectors.
3.18. If the wheel deflector is not installed, then the minimum distance that a dump truck can approach the slope for unloading should be determined based on the specific conditions and the angle of repose of the soil.
3.19. Before lifting a part of the vehicle with a jack, it is necessary to stop the engine, brake the vehicle with the parking brake, remove passengers from the passenger compartment and cab, close the doors and place at least two stops (shoes) under the non-lifting wheels.
3.20. When hanging the vehicle with a jack to remove the wheel, you must first hang out the body, then install a tragus (stand) under it and lower the body onto it. Only then can the jack be installed under a special place on the front or rear axle and hang up the wheel.
3.21. It is prohibited:
- submit the vehicle to the loading and unloading ramp, if there are no fences and wheel barriers on it;
- movement of a dump truck with a raised body;
- involve unauthorized persons (loaders, attendants, passengers, passers-by) in the repair of automatic telephone exchanges on the line;
- install the jack on random objects: stones, bricks. Under the jack, it is necessary to put a wooden pad (sleeper, bar, board 40-50 mm thick) with an area larger than the base area of the jack body;
- perform any work while under the vehicle, hung only on a jack, without installing a tragus (stand);
- performance of work on maintenance and repair of automatic telephone exchanges at a distance of less than 5 m from the area of operation of loading and unloading mechanisms;
- when the vehicle is supplied to the trailer, be between the car and the trailer;
- produce on the line for city bus drivers renovation work under the bus if there is a technical assistance service in the organization.
3.22. When inflating or inflating a wheel removed from the vehicle in road conditions, it is necessary to install a safety fork of the appropriate length in the wheel rim window or put the wheel with the lock ring down.
3.23. The radiator cap on a hot ATS engine must be opened using personal protective equipment for hands or by covering it with a rag (rag). The cap should be opened carefully, avoiding intensive steam escape towards the opening one.
3.24. When stopping and parking on unlit sections of the road at night or in other conditions of insufficient visibility, parking or parking lights must be turned on on the vehicle.
3.25. The driver of the vehicle is prohibited from:
- to drive ATS while intoxicated or under the influence of drugs;
- go on a flight in a painful condition or with such a degree of fatigue that may affect traffic safety;
- when the vehicle is parked, sleep and rest in the cab with the engine running or start the engine to heat the cab;
- transfer control of the automatic telephone exchange to unauthorized persons;
- carry out maintenance and repair of vehicles during loading and unloading;
- to carry passengers on a vehicle that is not equipped for the transportation of people, as well as travel in the cab of people in excess of the established norm for this type of vehicle;
- to tow the vehicle in order to start the engine;
- preheat the engine with an open flame, as well as when identifying and eliminating malfunctions of mechanisms;
- wipe the engine with a cloth soaked in gasoline and smoke in the immediate vicinity of the engine power supply system and fuel tanks.
3.26. Labor protection requirements for the operation of automatic telephone exchanges operating on gas fuel.
3.26.1. During operation, vehicles operating on gas fuel must be inspected daily, upon release to the line and return, in order to check the tightness and serviceability. gas system nutrition. Malfunctions of the gas supply system (leaks) are eliminated at the stations for the repair and adjustment of the gas supply system or in a specialized workshop.
3.26.2. If a gas leak is detected from the cylinder valve, it is necessary to release or drain the gas from the cylinder. Release of compressed natural gas (hereinafter referred to as CNG) or discharge of liquefied petroleum gas (hereinafter referred to as GOS) must be carried out at specially equipped stations.
3.26.3. If a gas leak is detected on the way, it is necessary to immediately stop the vehicle, turn off the engine, close all valves, take measures to eliminate the malfunction, or report the malfunction to the management.
3.26.4. When the engine of a vehicle running on gas fuel is stopped, the main valve can remain open for a short time (no more than 10 minutes).
3.26.5. The main and flow valves should be opened slowly to avoid water hammer.
3.26.6. It is prohibited:
- release CNG or drain the GOS when the engine is running or the ignition is on;
- hitting gas equipment or fittings under pressure;
- stop the vehicle operating on gas fuel, closer than 5 m from the place of work with an open fire, and also use an open fire closer than 5 m from the vehicle;
- check the tightness of the connections of gas pipelines, gas supply system and fittings with an open fire;
- operate the PBX with the removed air filter;
- start the engine when gas leaks from the gas supply system, as well as when the gas pressure in the cylinders is less than 0.5 MPa (for CNG);
- be at the post of release and discharge of gas to unauthorized persons;
- smoke and use open fire at the gas discharge or release point, as well as perform work that is not related to the discharge or release of gas.
3.26.7. Before filling the vehicle with gas fuel, it is necessary to stop the engine, turn off the ignition, set the mass switch to the “off” position, close the mechanical main valve (if any); in this case, the supply valves on the cylinders must be open.
3.26.8. When refueling with gas it is prohibited:
- stand near the gas-filling hose and cylinders;
- tighten the connection nuts fuel system and knock with metal objects;
- work without the use of personal protective equipment for hands;
- fill the cylinders in case of detection of depressurization of the power supply system;
- fill up the cylinders, the inspection period of which has expired.
3.26.9. After filling the cylinders with gas, you must first close the valve on the dispenser, and then the filling valve on the vehicle.
3.26.10. Disconnect the gas filler hose only after closing the valves.
3.26.11. When refueling a vehicle with CNG, it is only necessary to disconnect the gas filler hose after the gas has been vented to the atmosphere.
3.26.12. If during refueling the gas-filling hose becomes unpressurized, you must immediately close the outlet valve on the gas-filling dispenser and then the filling valve on the vehicle.
3.27. Labor protection requirements for the operation of automatic telephone exchanges in the winter season.
3.27.1. When carrying out work on maintenance, repair and inspection of the technical condition of the vehicle outside the premises (in the open air), workers should be provided with insulated mats or knee pads.
3.27.2. When refueling the vehicle with fuel refueling guns should be handled with personal protective equipment for hands, being careful not to splash or spill fuel on hands and body.
3.27.3. It is prohibited:
- to launch vehicles with faulty cabin and cabin heating devices;
- touch metal objects, parts and tools without using personal protective equipment for hands;
- preheat (warm up) the engine, other vehicle units, as well as the equipment of the fuel system with an open flame.
3.28. Labor protection requirements when driving vehicles on ice roads and river crossings
3.28.1. The employer, before sending a vehicle on a flight on winter roads, ice of rivers, lakes and other bodies of water, must make sure that they are accepted and opened for operation, inform drivers about the route features, safety measures and the location of the nearest traffic police, medical and road maintenance organizations, as well as resting rooms for drivers along the entire route.
3.28.2. The movement of vehicles along the route of the ice crossing should be organized in one row. In this case, the doors of the vehicle must be open, and the seat belts must be unfastened.
3.28.3. It is forbidden to travel on the ice crossing of vehicles carrying workers, as well as regular buses with passengers. Workers and passengers must be disembarked before entering the ferry.
3.28.4. ATS stops at the ice crossing are not allowed.
3.28.5. Defective vehicles should be immediately towed ashore.
3.28.6. On an ice crossing it is prohibited:
- fill the vehicle with fuel and lubricants;
- merge hot water from the cooling system onto the ice (if necessary, hot water is poured into buckets, which are carried outside the strip cleared of snow and poured out in a scattering stream over the snow cover);
- moving the automatic telephone exchange into fog or blizzard and unauthorized changes in the route of movement;
- stops, jerks, turns and overtaking other vehicles.
3.28.7. It is prohibited to enter the vehicle on the ferry, stay on it and leave the vehicle with people other than the driver, as well as boarding people on the vehicle on the ferry.
3.28.8. After entering the ferry, the vehicle engines must be turned off. Engines can only be switched on before the vehicle leaves the ferry.
3.28.9. ATS on the ferry must be slowed down parking brakes... Wooden or welded metal wedges should be placed under the wheels of the vehicle located at the entrance to the exit from the ferry, or there should be constructions of lifting fences to keep the vehicle from falling into the water when they accidentally move.
3.28.10. It is forbidden to leave an ATS on the ferry with diesel engines with the included gear.
3.28.11. The fording of the vehicle convoy must be carried out after training organized by an employee designated by the employer responsible for compliance with safety requirements.
3.28.12. All participants in the crossing must be familiar with the place of the crossing and the security measures during its implementation.
3.28.13. It is prohibited:
- oncoming traffic when fording;
- crossing water obstacles of any width: during floods, during heavy rain, snowfall, fog, ice drift, with a wind speed of more than 12 m / s.
3.28.14. In off-road conditions, a single vehicle should not be sent on a flight lasting more than one day.
4. REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
4.1. A vehicle driver involved in a traffic accident that caused an accident (hitting people or colliding with another vehicle) must immediately inform the traffic police, his immediate supervisor or dispatcher, provide the victim with first aid, if necessary, call an ambulance by phone 103 or 112, take measures to preserve the situation of the accident (accident) until the arrival of the traffic police, if this does not create a danger to others.
4.2. A faulty vehicle can be towed with the help of special devices only after the permission of the traffic police inspector.
4.3. In the event of a fire, take measures to extinguish the fire, report the incident to the management, if necessary, call the fire department by phone 101 or 112.
5. LABOR PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS AT THE END OF WORK
5.1. After returning from the flight, together with the garage mechanic, check the condition of the vehicle. If necessary, draw up an application for current repairs with a list of faults to be eliminated.
5.2. Clean the vehicle and the trailer from dirt and dust, put it in the specified place, make sure that there is no risk of fire, and tighten the parking brake lever.
5.3. Pass waybill dispatcher or responsible person.
5.4. Inform your immediate supervisor about any problems that have occurred and the measures taken to eliminate them.
5.5. Take off and put special clothes in the closet, wash your hands and face with soap, take a shower. Do not use chemicals for washing.
