From proper setting The ignition system directly depends on the operation of the engine, its economy and reliability.
In this article, we will look at the device and components of the ignition system ZMZ 402, as well as the order of the installation of the ignition advance angle

Ignition system elements

One of the main systems required for a successful engine start is the ignition system. For gasoline engines The principal design of the ignition systems is quite insignificant - there are two types:
Contact system
Contactless system

The ignition system consists of the following components:
1. Coil
2. Spark breaker distributor (rubber)
3. Switch
4. Spark plugs
5. Ignition Castle
6. Starter
7. Extension resistance (in some cases)

Operation of the ignition system

For ZMZ 402 models, this order looks like this:

Running the car motor is made when turning the key in the ignition lock - at this point the charge with rechargeable battery Enters the starter, which begins to rotate the crankshaft, driven by the rubber (through the drive). At this very moment, the electric current comes onto the coil, then the wrapping distributor arrives through the switch (rubber), and in turn distributes the current through the wires on the cylinder candles.

It is important to know that the switch is a block of transistor keys serving to control currents that pass through the inductor inductance.

Early ignition

One of the most common problems with the ignition system is too early an ignition advance angle - when when fuel is supplied to the engine cylinder, the working mixture of gasoline and air in the combustion chamber flames itself much earlier than the piston approach to the upper dead point. If the initial ignition advance angle is set too early, then problems can occur with the work of the car. To avoid this worth paying attention to the signs of early ignition. And this:
The engine does not start the first time (there is a crankshaft turning in reverse side when starting the engine)
Unstable motor operation on idling
The detonation of the unburned fuel (a straoting sound appears, which does not disappear while increasing revolutions)
Nagar on the ignition candlelight (completely not burnt fuel settles on the candle)
Shots in the silencer (fuel burns due to skipping in the ignition work)
Black smoke from the muffler (burns fuel not burned in the combustion chamber)
Increased flow Fuel

Later ignition

On the engines S. carburetor system food, late ignition is ignition fuel mixes At that moment, when the piston has already reached the upper dead point or has already passed it. With this operation of the engine, fuel consumption increases, power and pickup deteriorate. The main signs of late ignition are:
The problem with the launch of the motor (you need a few attempts)
The sluggish dynamics of the car on the go (the engine stalls when revolutions increase)
Spark plugs of light gray or white color
Shots in the carburetor (the burning of fuel in the intake manifold)
Overheating of the engine (the cutting of the mixture occurs when the expansion tact, which contributes to the overheating of the motor)

Ignition system adjustment order

For proper Installation Ignition by engine ZMZ. 402, must be considered the following factors:
Operation of the engine 1-2-4-3
Rotor Tribble Rates counterclockwise
The backlash on the ignition candle must be no more than 0.8 mm
The resistance value of the resistor on the rubber must be from 5 to 8k
The resistance value on the ignition candle ranges from 4 to 7k
The resistance of the stator winding varies from 0.45 to 0.5k

Comparison of tags

To start installation right corner The ignition timing must be checked the crankshaft to a position that denotes 5 degrees. This is done as follows - you need to set the first cylinder at the upper dead point (the end of the compression tact). To do this, you need to combine the middle label on the crankshaft pulley tagged on the head of the cylinder block.

ATTENTION. Compression tact On the first cylinder can be installed if it was not dismantled by a rubber - opening it the slider will be opposite the internal contact of the wire connecting with the first cylinder spark plugs.

If it is not possible to determine the compression tact in this way, it is necessary to turn the candle from the first cylinder and plug the hole with a rag or paper. Then you should start turning the crankshaft until the moment when the plug in the form of paper is not removed by air created inside the cylinder. This will be the moment of compression.

Adjusting the angle of ahead

Next, it is necessary to weaken the bolt of the Octane-corrector, which is on the rubble. Here a wrench is useful to 10. Then the advance angle is set to approximately in the middle of the scale (it will be a zero indicator).
Next, the same key on 10 needs to be loosen the bolt-lock record
Corrector-octane.
The next case should be checked the dispenser body so that both labels coincide - the red mark on the head of the rotor and the label on the stator. When the housing is installed in the desired position, it is necessary to fix the trimmer body with one hand, and the second wrap the bolt.

Checking the correctness of the ignition installation

The correctness of the installed ignition advance angle is checked on the move of the car - at a speed of 50-60km, the gas pedal is sharply pressed, a short-term detonation should be followed (1-3cs). If detonation has disappeared after this time, then the moment is chosen correctly. You can easily set ignition with a strobe.

This summary It will help with your own hands to put ignition without resorting to the help of specialists at home.

The location of the main aggregates. IN Motor compartment: 1 - a coolant supply pipe to the radiator; 2 - air filter; 3 - Cylinder head cover; 4 - distributor sensor; 5 - ignition coil; 6 - vacuum brake amplifier; 7 - the tube of the oil-teller neck; eight - fuel filter thin cleaning; 9 - thermostat 10 - radiator casing 11 - radiator

Design Description

ZMZ-402 engine carburetor, four-cylinder. The cylinder block is made of aluminum alloy. Cylinder sleeves cast iron, removable. The covers of the indigenous bearings and the clutch crankcase are processed assembly with the block and therefore they are not interchangeable.

The crankshaft of the engine is cast-iron, five-riding, dynamically balanced with the flywheel and the drive of the clutch. The axial movement of the shaft is limited to two resistant washers located on both sides of the front root bearing.

The camshaft with five support cervical diameter is installed in the cylinder block. The gear of the ignition distributor of the ignition sensor and oil pump is cut on the shaft.

Drive unit distribution Vala It is carried out through a textolite or polyamide gear that is engaged with a crankshaft gear. The camshaft fists affect the pushers. The pusher rods through the rockers lead the valves.

Engine lubrication system - combined. Oil radiator is installed for cooling the oil. At pressure in the system 0.7-0.9 kgf / cm2 safety valve It opens and oil enters the radiator, and then merges into the engine crankcase. For disconnection oil radiator Provided a crane. When the handle is positioned along the hose - it is open.

The cooling system is liquid, closed. Additional electric fan is installed before the radiator.

The inlet pipe is heated by the spent gases. The heating regulator has two positions - "Winter" and "Summer".

Runner resistance, whom 5-8

Tie resistance

candles, com 4-7

The resistance of the central contact of the lid *, whom 8-13

Winding resistance

stators, com 0,4-0.45

* A coal contact is installed on the sensors instead of resistance.

ZMZ-402 engine ignition system

The ignition system is non-contact. It consists of a switch dispenser, ignition coils, spark plugs and high and high and low voltage. Sensor-ignition distributor (1908.3706) - Contact, with a sensor (generator) of control pulses and built-in vacuum and centrifugal ignition timing regulators.

The distributor sensor performs two functions: sets the moment of sparking transmission, distributes high voltage pulses over cylinders in accordance with the order of their work. For this, the slider is worn on the valve sensor shaft. The runner is installed an interference resistor with a resistance of 8000-13000 ohms.

The switch (1313734) opens the power supply chain of the primary ignition coil winding, converting the control pulses of the sensor to the current pulses in the ignition coil.

Technical characteristics of the ignition system

Operation of cylinders 1-2-4-3

Direction of rotation against

rotor distributor watch

Ignition advance angle

centrifugal regulator 15-18.

vacuum regulator 8-10

Ignition Candles A14VR

Ignition Candle Clearance, mm 0.8-0.95

Ignition Distributor Sensor:

1 - body; 2 - Georgic centrifugal engine; 3 - screw fastening of the bearing; 4 - vacuum regulator; 5 - Spring of the vacuum regulator; 6 - diaphragm; 7 - fitting; 8 - Rotor magnetic pipeline; 9 - permanent rotor magnet; 10 - rotor; II - cover; 12 - noise breeding resistor; 13 - central conclusion; 14 - central contact; 15 - slider; 16 - filings; 17 - Rotor mount screw; 18 - stator winding; 19 - stator fastening screw; 20 - stator; 21 - the magnetic pipeline of the stator winding; 22 - support of the stator; 23 - bearing; 24 - Spring Georgic; 25 - Stubborn washers; 26 - sleeve; 27 - roller; 28 - Octan-corrector; 29 - Stubborn washer; 30 - stop ring; 31 - pin; 32 - Drive Coupling.

Generator 1631.3701:

1 - rotor; 2 - sleeve; 3 - front bearing; 4 - sleeve; 5 - Washer with a nut; 6 - sword; 7 - pulley; 8 - fan; 9 - front cover; 10 - stator; 11 - rotor winding; 12 - brush holder; 13 - springs brushes; 14 - brushes; 15 - rear bearing; 16 - lid; 17-shaft; 18- contact rings; 19- output of the stator winding; 20-plate holders; 21 - rear lid; 22 - a set of stator; 23 - stator winding.

Generator 1631.3701 Engine ZMZ-402

Generator 1631.3701 - three-phase synchronous electrical machine with electromagnetic excitation and built-in rectifier on silicon diodes. The generator rotor is driven by the crankshaft pulley with a wedge belt.

The stator and the generator covers are pulled by four screws. The rotor shaft rotates in the ball bearings installed in the covers. Lubrication in bearings is laid for the entire service life of the generator. Rear Bearing Press on the rotor shaft and presses the back cover through the plastic sleeve. Front bearing Set S. inner The front cover is pressed with a puck with four screws.

In the generator stator, two three-phase windings, made according to the "Star" scheme and connected parallel to each other. Rectifier - bridge circuit, consists of six diodes. They are pressed into two horseshoe aluminum plates holders. The plates are integrated into the rectifier block, fixed inside the rear cap of the generator.

The rotor is the winding of the excitation of the generator. The conclusions of the windings are soldered to two copper contact rings on the rotor shaft. Powered to them is supplied through two coal brushes installed in the brush holder.

The generator works in conjunction with the voltage regulator, which is fixed on the sprinkle of the right side member under expansion Bachkom.. When the regulator is output, it is replaced.

To protect the electronic equipment of the car from voltage pulses in the ignition system, as well as to reduce the radio interference, a condenser is included between the "+" and "mass" of the generator.

The internal windings of the generator and the rectifier block are cooled through the windows in the covers from the centrifugal fan installed on the rotor shaft.

Technical characteristic of the generator 1631.3701

Voltage nominal, in 14

Maximum current, and 65

Adjustable voltage, at 13-15

Resistance

excitation windings, OM 2.5

Starter - four-pole four-sized electric motor direct current with excitation OT permanent magnets, roller coupling free travel and two-winding traction relays.

The torque from the shaft of the anchor is transmitted to the drive gear through the roller overtaking coupling.

The starters of the ZMZ-4062 and ZMZ-402 engines are not fundamentally different. Starter 42.3708-10 Mounted on the ZMZ-4062 engine on the right side, ST203-B4 - On the engine ZMZ-402 left.

Technical characteristics of starter 42.3708-10 (ST230-B4)

Rated power, kW 1.7 (1.0)

Rated voltage, in 12

Consumable current

in the inhibited state

no more, and 700 (550)

Torque,

no less than kgf 1.6 (2.0)

Current consumption in mode

idling, no more, and 80 (85)

Starter: 1 - Protective Cap; 2 - the washer shut-off; 3 - brush; 4.5 - conclusions; 6 - Cover of traction relay; 7 - contact plate; 8 - traction relay; 9 - relay winding; 10 - rod; 11 - Returning spring; 12 - core; 13 - lever; 14 - lid; 15- axis lever; 16 - lid extension; 17 - Roller; 18 - leading (drive) gear; 19 - sleeve; 20 - Spring Ring; 21 - stubborn sleeve; 22 - shaft; 23 - overtaking coupling; 24 - Spring; 25 - coupling coupling; 26 - intermediate support; 27 stator; 28 - stator winding; 29 - rotor (anchor); 30 - collector; 31 - lid; 32 - brush holder.

Four excitation windings are installed in the steel housing of the starter. The housing and the starter cover are pulled by two studs. The anchor shaft rotates in two bronzectural sleeves installed in the covers and intermediate support.

The drive shaft is installed with a free-running coupling (overtaking coupling) with drive gear. It transmits the torque only in one direction - from the starter to the engine, separating them after starting the engine. This is necessary to protect the anchor of the starter from damage due to an excessive speed of rotation.

The traction relay serves to enter the drive gear gear with the gear of the engine of the engine crankshaft and the power of the starter electric motor. When you turn the ignition key to the "Starter" position, the voltage is fed on both winding of the traction relay (retracting and holding). After closing the contacts of the traction relay, the retractor winding is turned off.

The timing voltage of the relay must be no more than 8 at at 20 ± 5 ° C. If this is not the case, there is a malfunction in the relay or drive. The prophering of the drive is determined by the inspection of the parts after the starter disassembly. Faulty relay Replace.

On the ZMZ0-402 type engine, the ignition distributor (1908.3706) is a non-contact, with a sensor (generator) of control pulses and integrated vacuum and centrifugal ignition timing regulators.

The distributor sensor performs two functions: sets the moment of sparking and distributes high voltage pulses according to the cylinders according to the order of their work.

For this, the slider is worn on the valve sensor shaft. The runner is installed an interference resistor *.

The switch (1313734) opens the power supply chain of the primary ignition coil winding, converting the control pulses of the sensor to the current pulses in the ignition coil.

Adjusting the moment of ignition

We set the crankshaft to the position corresponding to the angle of the ignition ahead of 5 °.

1. For this, on the ZMZ-402 engine, we combine the middle label on its pulley with a tide on the block cover (the end of the compression of the first cylinder).

2. For the engine UMP-4215, we exhibit the first label on the pulley against the pin on the distribution gear cap.

3. If the dispenser's sensor is not removed from the engine, then the tact of the compression of the first cylinder is determined by removing the distributor cover the slider must stand against the inner contact of the cover connected by the wire with the first cylinder.

Otherwise, we turn the first cylinder candle.

Closing the hole with a paper cork, rotate the crankshaft. The air pushed the plug will indicate the beginning of the compression tact.

4. The key "on 10" weakened the screw of the Octane-corrector

5. Install its scale on zero division (mid-scale).

6. The key "on 10" weaken the screw fastening plate of the Octane-corrector plate

7. Turning a dispenser sensor housing, we combine "Tags" (red risk on the rotor and arrow on the stator).

Holding the sensor in this position, tighten the screw.

Make sure that the slider is located against the contact of the first cylinder cover and check the correct connection of the high-voltage wires of the remaining cylinders - counting counterclockwise from the first cylinder in order 1-2-4-3.

Once you have done everything, check the correctness of the ignition torque on the car's go.

We start the engine, warming up and when they have already switched to fourth gear at a speed of 50 - 60 km / h, dramatically press gas. If at the same time detonation (for the sound it looks like a knock of the valves) will manifest itself briefly - on 1-3 s - the ignition moment is chosen correctly.

A long detonation indicates an excessive ignition advance angle, reduce its octane-correlator to one division.

The absence of detonation requires an increase in the ignition advance angle, after which you need to repeat the check.

Technical characteristics of the ignition system
The order of the cylinders
Direction of rotation of the distributor rotor	counterclock-wise
Max ignition advance angle, hail:
centrifugal regulator
vacuum regulator
Ignition Candle Clearance, mm
Resistance resistor runner *, com
Candle tip resistance, com
Resistance of the central contact of the lid *, com
Resistance to the winding of the stator, com
* On the sensors instead of the resistor, a cover with central coal contact is installed.

Lid. The slider must be placed against the input "1" inside it. If not, check the crankshaft for 180 degrees. Install the octan-on "0". Tighten the pointer to the ignition sensor housing so that it coincides with the average risk of Octane-corrector. Lightly release the plate attachment bolt to the dispenser's sensor housing.

Turn the housing carefully, holding the runner with your finger against its rotation, to eliminate the gaps in the drive, until the skin is aligned on the stator and red label on the rotor in one line. Fix the octane-corrector plate with a bolt to the dispenser's sensor housing.

Put the sensor sensor cover to the location. Check the installation of the ignition reasons according to the order of the operation of the cylinders 1-2-4-3, counting against the clockwise. After setting the moment of ignition, check the correctness of it in motion.

Start the engine, warm up operating temperature (80 degrees). On the direct portion of the road, moving at a speed of 40 km / h, sharply press the accelerator. If the speed of 55-60 km / h will be felt short-term detonation, then the moment on contactless ignition Exhibited correctly. In the case of a strong detonation, the distributor sensor should be rotated for 0.5-1 division on the Octane-corrector scale counterclockwise. If detonation is completely absent, then increase the advance angle, turning the sensor-distributor clockwise. The division of the scale corresponds to the corner of 4 degrees on crankshaft Vale Engine.

Sources:

• How to install a rubber on UAZ 417
• Contactless ignition adjustment scheme

Adjustment contactless system Ignition on UAZ cars should be carried out with high accuracy. Allowed errors when installing ignitions lead to an increase in fuel consumption and reduce engine power.

Instruction

Install the car on a flat horizontal platform and barmere parking brake. The piston of the first cylinder, set the upper point position. At the same time, the holes m3 should be combined (5 degrees to the NTT) on the crankshaft pulley and the pin on the cover of the camshaft gear.

Remove the plastic cover from the dispenser sensor housing. Make sure the runner electrode stood strictly opposite the output on the lid. This output is marked with a number 1 and is intended for the wire of the candle of the first cylinder.

Bolt with the pointer inserted into it, attract the dispenser's octane corrector plate to the drive housing. In this case, the pointer must coincide with the central division of the Octane-corrector scale.

Loosen the fastening bolt of the octane-corrector plate to the distributor sensor. Holding the slider to eliminate the gaps in the drive, gently turn the housing until the red line of the label on the rotor and the tip of the petal on the stator is not monitored in one line. Tighten the fastening bolt of the octane-corrector plate on the distributor sensor.

On the ZMZ0-402 type engine, the ignition distributor (1908.3706) is a non-contact, with a sensor (generator) of control pulses and integrated vacuum and centrifugal ignition timing regulators.
The distributor sensor performs two functions: sets the moment of sparking and distributes high voltage pulses according to the cylinders according to the order of their work. For this, the slider is worn on the valve sensor shaft.
The runner is installed an interference resistor *.
The switch (1313734) opens the power supply chain of the primary ignition coil winding, converting the control pulses of the sensor to the current pulses in the ignition coil.
ZMZ 402 ignition adjustment

1 Set the crankshaft to the position corresponding to the angle of the ignition ahead of 5 °.
2. For this, on the engine ZMZ-402, we combine the middle label on its pulley with a tide on the block cover (the end of the compression tact of the first cylinder).

3. For the UFM-4215 engine, we set the first label on the pulley against the pin on the camshaft cap.

4. If the sensor-distributor is not removed from the engine, then the tact of the compression of the first cylinder is determined by removing the distributor cover the slider must be against the inner contact of the cover connected by the wire with the first cylinder.
Otherwise, we turn the first cylinder candle. Closing the hole with a paper cork, rotate the crankshaft. The air pushed the plug will indicate the beginning of the compression tact.

4. Welcome "on 10" weakening the screw of the Octane-corrector
five . Install its scale on zero division (mid-scale).

6. Welcome "on 10" weakening the screw fastening of the octane-corrector plate

Adjusting the insignia of the ZMZ-4027 engine. Turning the camshamber sensor body, we combine the "Tags" (red risk on the rotor and the arrow on the stator). Holding the sensor in this position, tighten the screw.

Make sure that the slider is located against the contact of the first cylinder cover and check the correct connection of the high-voltage wires of the remaining cylinders - counting counterclockwise from the first cylinder in order 1-2-4-3.
Once you have done everything, check the correctness of the ignition torque on the car's go. We start the engine, warming up and when they have already switched to fourth gear at a speed of 50 - 60 km / h, dramatically press gas. If at the same time detonation (for the sound it looks like a knock of the valves) will manifest itself briefly - on 1-3 s - the ignition moment is chosen correctly. A long detonation indicates an excessive ignition advance angle, reduce its octane-correlator to one division. The absence of detonation requires an increase in the ignition advance angle, after which you need to repeat the check.