The first thing that the potential car owner is watching when buying is the optimal combination of engine and transmission. Not all drivers seek to acquire the most powerful motors, and automakers understand this by offering different variations of engines to purchase. One of the European Engine Variations in Russia car brands It is 1.4 TSI motor. Such an engine is installed on cars Skoda., Audi and Volkswagen. As part of this article, we consider what advantages and disadvantages of the 1.4 TSI engine, as well as its resource.
Table of contents: We recommend reading:Engine Characteristics 1.4 TSI
You can find 1.4 TSI engines with different quantities. horse power, the number of which depends on the motor settings. The basic and most common is the model for 122 hp, it will be considered under this article.
1.4 TSI is a 16-valve gas engine with turbine I. direct injection. Motor has two camshafts, turbine compresses and hydrocompensators. In such an engine, a chain mechanism is used in the TRG drive.
Main Engine Problems 1.4 TSI
Motor 1.4 TSI is present on the market for a long time, and the car owners have already managed to identify its common flaws. Among the problems of the motor 1.4 TSI can be allocated:
These are the three main problems that revealed 1.4 TSI engine owners with a similar engine over the years of operation.
Examined typical problems Engine 1.4 TSI, you can draw conclusions about the rules of its operation:
It is also worth noting that the 1.4 TSI engine is not very quickly warming up. Therefore, by car with such an engine, it is better to eliminate short trips during the cold season. If such trips are performed on a regular basis, the motor is constantly subjected to temperature drops that negatively affect its operation. In the case when the short-term operation of the vehicle with an engine 1.4 TSI cannot be excluded, it is recommended to change the candles more often.
Motor raisin is a two-stage supervision consisting of a supercharger with a mechanical drive and a turbocharger. The unit is offered in two versions: 140 hp and 220 N.M. torque or 170 hp and 240 N.M. The difference in return provides exclusively firmware of the control unit, mechanical part unchanged.
Up to 2400 rpm works only mechanical compressor: speed exhaust gases Too low to promote the turbo units. In the range of 2400-3500 rpm, it works with an effective impact, but with a sharp acceleration he still helps mechanics, covering the inevitable turboyam. After 3500 rpm, the adjusting flap on the inlet is fully open and directs the entire volume of air into the turbocharger. As a result more weak Engine It comes to the maximum torque from one and a half thousand revolutions, 170-strong - by 250 rpm above. By the way, in the control unit of a more powerful unit, an interesting feature is sewn: the driver can activate the winter movement mode even when mechanical box Transmissions. The engine in this case works softer, minimizing the wheel slip.
The two-circuit cooling system has already been tested on the Motors of the FSI family: one contour for the cylinder block, the other for the head. With such a scheme it is easier to maintain optimal operating temperature Engine, and therefore below emissions and fuel consumption. For example, to speed up the heating and reduce the likelihood of overheating in power modes, a hotter head must be cooled intensively. Therefore, the volume of fluid circulating in the head is twice as much as in the block, and the thermostat (they are naturally two) opens at 80 and 95 ºC, respectively. In addition, to protect the turbine from overheating, thereby extinguishing its life, helps auxiliary water pump with an electric drive, which for 15 minutes after stopping the engine chases fluid on a separate circuit.
The engine is extremely saturated modern technologiesthat raises the unit in the eyes of technical experts. Just don't forget about properly operation. The guidance of the health of this engine is good fluids and consumables And, of course, qualified and timely service. Complex combination in our conditions. And the cost of the main nodes and aggregates with interest overlaps all the amounts that high tech allow you to save on gasoline.
The pulley of the coolant pump is simultaneously pulley compressor magnetic clutch. Through it goes both drive belt. The compressor is located on the side of the engine facing the cabin:
Therefore, to reduce noise, the unit was dressed in an additional body with the walls of sound-absorbing foam, and the incoming and emerging air flows pass through the noiselessness. To develop the maximum pressurization pressure of 1.75 atm, a gearbox (right photo) is installed in the mechanical compressor housing, which increases the speed of rotation five times up to 17,500 rpm.
The block of cylinders is made of cast iron:
Despite the universal struggle with superfluous kilograms, worthy of replacement for this material for turbobes with a high degree of forcing is not yet. The so-called open block (between the walls of the block and the cylinder wells there is no jumpers) provides best cooling and more uniform wear cylinder. Piston rings are easier to compensate for it, which helps to reduce oil consumption. But the wells of cylinders are connected to each other - this is the need for a turbogue: with elevated loads, the separate cylinders lack stiffness in the upper belt.
The high pressure fuel pump is located on the casing of camshaft bearings.
It is activated by a separate cam on the inlet shaft. To raise injection pressure and increase productivity, the pump has increased the stroke of the piston compared to FSI atmospheric motors.
Nozzles with six holes in sprayers in the main modes of operation injected fuel on intake tact:
But if you need to quickly warm the catalytic neutralizer, they additionally give out the second fuel charge when the crankshaft turn is about 50º to the top of the dead point. The maximum injection pressure reaches 150 atm.
Of course, such recommendations should be not only for TSI motors, but in general for all ICA. However, the TSI engine does not like short-term driving in cold conditions. This type of motor requires a good heating, and if you ride a short distance, and even in a strong frost, it leads to the rapid wear of the details of the cylinder-piston group. But, if you still have to ride for minor distances in harsh climatic conditions, then you need to often change the spark plugs. 
Weak places of such engines
- DVS modern cars Require a careful relationship and timely passage of car maintenance.
- TSI engines eat a lot motor oil. Even new such engines consume 1 liter of oil per 1000 km of run. Therefore, it often happens that the spark plugs splashes with oil.
- In the design of the car with the engine TSI chain drive of the gas distribution mechanism (timing). Weak link in the chain drive of such engines is not a reliable chain tensioner. In addition, the chain is extended earlier than the development of its resource. The links of the stretched chain are jumping through the tooth and provide a set of valves with pistons. The exact mileage on the chain on the regulations does not give manufacturers. The chain may fail by 50 thousand km, and it can regularly work up to 150 thousand km.
- It happens that oil workers or valves are clogged. This is especially true of such cars whose drivers chase on maximum speed. For high revolutions DVS, ventilation in the crank can not be properly carried out. Cocking the oil worker is obtained due to the use of low-quality engine oil or simply not a suitable brand. Therefore, it is necessary to check periodic and, if instead of a clear oil on the dipstick already dirty oil, then forward to replace.
To increase the engine frequency period, it is recommended to listen to how the motor works that knocks. If the operation of the chain is heard, then you need to diagnose, perhaps the chain has already stretched. Also, while the car has a new and little "ran", it is recommended to pour specialists. We have already considered that better, eco or euros. 
Specialists in repair and maintenance modern cars Recommend not to leave the car at speed without raised manual brakes. They explain this by the fact that if the car rolling back back being activated on any transmission of the box, then the chain links can occur on one tooth.
Turbines from TSI engines easily pass to 150 thousand km of run. From this point of view, the DVS TSI 1.4 122 and 150 hp Reliable. New such engines can be safely acquired, and used used well to examine well, to diagnose as it should, otherwise you can buy a cat in a bag.
25.09.2017
Finally, my favorite motor. This is a 1.4 liter engine, turbocharged and direct injection. Meet Caxa. Personally, for me, the most reliable from the penultimate Vagovsky motors. Yes, there are some shoals, but everything is treated and the motor feels normally. Power is enough - 122 horses quite grabs and Octavia, and Yeti, and for Rapid it is generally a top motor. Not speaking pro good opportunity For chip tuning. Of the features of the motor, in addition to the turbine and fuel system high pressure:
- unworthy chain GRM
- phase inspector inlet tree
- liquid intercooler, which is installed in the intake manifold, as 1.2 CBZB
- accordingly, the two-circuit cooling system
- Turbocharger. The turbine itself is reliable and feels great and large runs With normal oil. Problems arise with excess gases bypasic valve. Wastegate is called. Whether the designers did not calculate the diameter of the hole under the axis of this valve in the turbine ... and maybe the wrong material was picked up. The essence is one - to one hundred thousand mileage, or even before the valve axis in the turbine case begins to eat. Bite. Walk badly. Engine block lights error P0234 on Advance Pressure RegulationMotor goes into emergency mode and the machine does not go. Diagnosed quite simple. It is good that the adduction regulator actuator is an old type here - vacuum. Therefore, I apply a small air pressure on this actuator. I use a vacuum pistol for this. With a pressure of 0.8 - 1 bar, the rod without jams should be moved to the stop.
If you try, it is visible behind the turbine. I reset the pressure - the rod should go back to go back. If it is not refundable or bribery in the middle of the course - everything came. Replacing the turbine corrects the situation.
But the replacement is good when she is guaranteed ...
In the post-warranty car, the owner, of course, does not particularly want to part with his blood. The turbine is never cheap. Therefore, alternative methods are used. It is worth a little part of the engine attachment - and the rod of the regulator is available for influences.
Impact usually with a wire crochet. But just so there is no meaning there is no meaning there. Therefore, for a start, I spray it and the axis in the turbine solvent Rust Rost Off (or WD will also come true).
When the rod agreed well, fix the result of high temperature copper lubricant - Do not take care, I process all moving parts. Checking - the rod smoothly walks in both directions. This repair helps for half a year. All cheaper than turbine replacement.
- On this motor, the fuel is poured directly into the cylinders. Therefore, we have in addition to the usual fuel pump in the tank, the additional high pressure fuel pump. It is installed on the head of the cylinder block and drives the camshaft cam. At one time I suffered from one octavia for several months. The owner complained about the poor morning launch and a mistake on a rich mixture. The problem arose more and more often. I was able to solve this rebus only when the oil in the engine was much more than necessary, and it strongly gave gasoline. Even this was hard to call it - it hurts liquid. It turned out, gasoline through a leaky fuel pump seal straightforwards in the crankcase and rigged the mixture. Two years old, as Skoda, still released an revocation that on Motors 1.4 TFSI CAXA and 1.2 TFSI CBZB fuel pumps High pressure sometimes give to flow. To check this in addition to checking the level and quality of oil, it is also proposed to unscrew the pump from the engine and holding the rod, turn on the ignition. With this earns the pump low pressure In the tank. The rod on a good pump rod will remain dry, if there is a flow - the pump is changing, the repair has not mastered until.
- An innovative charge air cooling system is an intercooler, is in the intake manifold. The cooling fluid passes through it, which is driven through an additional cooling radiator with an electrical pump. TOTAL three radiator on the car - One for the air conditioner, one for the engine and the third for the intercooler and the turbine.
To be honest, in the latter is not strong, there are specialists with argon welding. This is to them. Although "to remove - put" then another adventure!
The intercooler does not particularly intend and rests on the pipes into the engine shield.
I make a correction: In previous articles, when describing the CBZB motor with the same cooling system: there it is removed perfectly, and in the case of CAXA will have to sweat.
Well, what else ... talking about suddenly dying ignition coils I will not be a trifle and happens on other motors.
Engine 1.4 TSI Volkswagen-Audi
CAXA engines characteristics
| Production | Mlada Boleslav Plant. |
| Engine brand | EA111 |
| Years of release | 2005-2015 |
| Cylinder block material | cast iron |
| Supply system | injector |
| A type | in line |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| Valves on cylinder | 4 |
| Piston stroke, mm | 75.6 |
| Cylinder diameter, mm | 76.5 |
| Compression ratio | 10 |
| Engine volume, ccmm | 1390 |
| Engine Power, L.S. / Ob. Min | 122/5000 125/5000 131/5000 140/6000 150/5800 160/5800 170/6000 180/6200 185/6200 |
| Torque, Nm / Ob.min | 200/1500-4000 200/1500-4000 220/1750-3500 220/1500-4000 240/1750-4000 240/1500-4500 240/1750-4500 250/2000-4500 250/2000-4500 |
| Fuel | 95-98 |
| Environmental norms | Euro 4. Euro 5. |
| Engine weight, kg | ~126 |
| Fuel consumption, l / 100 km - city - Rouss - Mixed. |
8.2 5.1 6.2 |
| Oil consumption, gr. / 1000 km | up to 500. |
| Engine oil | 5W-30 5W-40 |
| How much engine oil | 3.6 |
| Replacing the oil is carried out, km | 15000
(better than 7500) |
| Engine operating temperature, hail. | ~90 |
| Engine resource, thousand km - According to the plant - on practice |
- 200+ |
| Tuning, L.S. - Potential - without loss of resource |
230+ n.D. |
| The engine was installed | Audi A1. Audi A3. Seat Altea. Seat Ibiza. SEAT LEON Seat Toledo. Skoda Fabia. Skoda Octavia. Skoda Rapid Skoda Superb. Skoda Yeti. Volkswagen Jetta. Volkswagen Golf. Volkswagen Beetle Volkswagen Passat. Volkswagen Passat CC. Volkswagen Polo. Volkswagen Scirocco. Volkswagen Tiguan. Volkswagen Touran. |
Reliability, Problems and Engine Repair 1.4 TSI Volkswagen-Audi EA111
A series of low-volume Turbomotors EA111 (1.2 TSI, 1.4 TSI) gained widespread in 2005, thanks to the popular Golf 5 and the Jetta sedan. The main and initially the only engine was 1.4 TSI in various modifications, which was called to replace atmospheric 2.0 fours and 1.6 FSI.
Based on power aggregate Lies a cast iron cylinder block, covered with aluminum 16 valve head with two distributive treals, with hydraulic components, with a phase inspector on an inlet shaft and with direct injection. The GDM drive uses a chain with a service life designed for the entire period of operation of the engine, but in reality the replacement of the timing chain is required after 50-100 thousand km. Let us turn to the most important thing, and most importantly in TSI engines it is, of course, reducing. Weak versions are equipped with a regular turbocharger TD025, more powerful 1.4 TSI Twincharger and operate according to the EATON TVS + turbocharger compressor KKK K03, which practically eliminates the turboyama effect and provides significantly more power.
Despite all the manufacturability and advanced EA11 series (Motor 1.4 TSI, the repeated winner of the "Engine" contest), in 2015 it was replaced by an even more advanced series of EA211 with a new, seriously changed, 1.4 TSI engine.
Motor modifications 1.4 TSI
1. BLG (2005 - 2009) - an engine with a compressor and turbocharged, which blows 1.35 bar and the motor develops 170 hp at 98 gasoline. The engine is equipped with an airborne intercooler, corresponds to the Euro-4 environmental standard, and manages all Bosch Motronic MED ECU 9.5.10.
2. BMY (2006 - 2010) - an analogue of BLG, where the boost reduced to 0.8 bar, and the power fell to 140 hp. Here you can go around the 95th gasoline.
3. BWK (2007 - 2008) - version for Tiguan by 150 hp
4. Caxa (2007 - 2015) - Engine 1.4 TSI 122 hp It is simpler in all components than compressor with a turbine. Turbine on Caxa is a Mitsubishi TD025 (which is smaller than at Twincharger) with a maximum pressure of up to 0.8 bar, which quickly goes to the boost and allows you to abandon the compressor. In addition, modified pistons, an intake manifold without dampers and a liquid intercooler, head with more flat inlet channels, changed camshafts, simpler exhaust valves, recycled nozzles, Bosch Motronic MED ECU 17.5.20. Motor meets Euro-4 standards.
5. CAXC (2007 - 2015) - Analog Sakha, but programmatically power increased to 125 hp
6. CFBA - Engine for the Chinese market, part-time this is the most powerful version with one turbine - power 134 hp
7. Cava (2008 - 2014) is an analogue of BWK under Euro-5.
8. Cavb (2008 - 2015) - BLG analog for Euro-5.
8. CAVC (2008 - 2015) - BMY engine for Euro-5 standard.
9. Cavd (2008 - 2015) - Motor CAVC with firmware at 160 hp Advance pressure 1.2 bar.
10. Cave (2009 - 2012) - an engine with a firmware for 180 hp For Polo GTI, Fabia RS and Ibiza Cupra. Superior pressure 1.5 bar.
11. Cavf (2009 - 2013) - version for Ibiza FR by 150 hp
12. Cavg (2010 - 2011) - Top velocity among all 1.4 TSI at 185 hp Stands on Audi A1
12. CDGA (2009 - 2014) - version for work per gas, power 150 hp
13. CTHA (2012 -2015) is an analogue of Cava with other pistons, chain and tensioner. The ecological class remained Euro-5.
14. CTHB (2012 - 2015) - CTHA analogue with a capacity of 170 hp
15. CTHC (2012 - 2015) - the same CTHA, but stitched under 140 hp
16. CTHD (2010 - 2015) - Engine with firmware for 160 hp
17. CTHE (2010 - 2014) - one of the most powerful versions 180 hp
18. CTHF (2011 - 2015) - Motor for Ibiza FR by 150 hp
19. CTHG (2011 - 2015) - Engine, Replaced Cavg, Power is the same - 185 hp
Problems and disadvantages of 1.4 TSI engines
1. Tensile timing chain, tensioner problems. The most common disadvantage of 1.4 TSI, appearing during runs from 40-100 thousand km. The crack in the engine is a typical symptom, when there is such audio support, it is worth going to replace the timing chain. In order to avoid repetition, you should not leave the car on the gear.
2. Does not go. IN this case The problem most likely lies in the turbocharger by the turbochargeor or turbine control valve, check and everything will be settled.
3. Troit, vibration on the cold. Motor feature 1.4 TSI, after warming up these symptoms go.
In addition, the VW-Audi TSI engines are warm and loved to eat high-quality oil, but the problem is not so critical. With timely service, the use of high-quality gasoline, calm operation and normal attitude to the turbine (after the movement to make a work 1-2 minutes), the motor departures for quite a long time, resource engine Volkswagen. 1.4 TSI is more than 200,000 km.
Tuning Engine Volkswagen 1.4 TSI
Chip tuning
The easiest and most reliable option for increasing power on motors data is chip tuning. The usual chip Stage 1 at 1.4 TSI 122 hp or 125 hp It is capable of turning it in 150-160 a strong motor with a torque under 260 nm. At the same time, the resource critically change - a good urban version. With Downpippe, you can remove another 10 hp
On engines Twincharger The situation is more interesting, here the stage 1 firmware can be raised power up to 200-210 hp, the torque will increase to 300 nm. You can not dwell on the achieved and go further by making the standard Stage 2: Chip + Downpipe. Such a kit will give you about 230 hp And 320 Nm of the moment, it will be relatively reliable and riding forces.Further climb does not make sense - reliability will significantly seek, and it's easier to buy 2.0 TSI, which will give 300 hp
