Home Steering GOST in the field of operation of the vehicle. List of basic regulatory documents regulating the quality of work (provision of services) for both GOST car repair on car maintenance

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GOST in the field of operation of the vehicle. List of basic regulatory documents regulating the quality of work (provision of services) for both GOST car repair on car maintenance

By the decision of the State Committee of the USSR on the standards of July 17, 1979 No. 3583 validity periodfrom 01.07.80

This standard establishes general safety requirements for all types of maintenance (COM) and current repair (TR) freight and passenger cars, buses, tractors, trailers and semi-trailers (hereinafter - cars) designed to operate on the roads of the USSR total network, which are carried out at operating enterprises, stations and in specialized centers.

The standard does not establish security requirements at the same and trot cars operating on gaseous and solid fuel, as well as special equipment mounted on vehicles.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. In the processes, the following dangerous and harmful production factors may occur:

moving cars, machines and mechanisms; unprotected moving parts of industrial equipment; moving products, blanks, materials;
climbing jobs with finished products, tools, fixtures, materials;
improper placement of cars in the places of storage or indoors for that and tr;
lack of special devices, tools and equipment for the work of work in accordance with the technologies adopted;
increased dust and bubbling of the working area:
increased temperature superficial equipment, materials:
increased or reduced temperatures, humidity and air mobility:
elevated noise levels, vibrations in the workplace in repair and diagnostic operations;
unprotected current-carrying parts of electrical equipment (electrical installations):
insufficient illumination of the working area;
harmful components in the composition of the materials used, affecting those operating through the skin, respiratory tract, the digestive system and the mucous membranes of organs of the vision and smell.

1.2. When conducting both TRs, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of GOST 12.1.004-85 and GOST 12.1.010-76.

1.3. Equipment, devices, tools and devices - according to GOST 12.2.003-74.

1.4. Processes and TR must comply with the requirements of GOST 12.3.002-75, as well as other standards and those that extend to these processes.

1.5. When conducting and tr, the "sanitary rules of the organization of technological processes and hygienic requirements for industrial equipment" approved by the USSR Ministry of Health.

1.6. Processes that and tr must be safe at stages:

preparation of cars to that and tr;
directly performing work;
tests and checks of car systems;
refueling cars with fuel and lubricants and special combines;
storage and transportation of cars, parts, aggregates and materials;
removal and disposal of production waste.

1.7. Pollution production premises (production sites) and ambient In the processes, the TOP and TR should not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations in accordance with the requirements of CH 245-71, approved by the USSR State Building.

1.8. When conducting and tr, it is prohibited to use faulty equipment, devices, tools.

2. Requirements for technological processes

2.1. Requirements of labor safety must be observed at:

preparation of the workplace;
preparation of the facility for both TR;
work;
cleaning the workplace.

2.2. And TR must be carried out in specifically designed places (posts) with the use of devices, devices, equipment and tools provided for by a certain type of work.

2.3. Before installing on the post, the trivers should be cleaned from dirt, snow and wash.

2.4. The car installed on the outdoor post or TR, it is necessary to securely secure by substituting at least two stops under the wheels, slow down the parking brake, while the gearbox lever must be set to a position corresponding to the lowest gear; On cars S. gasoline engines Ignition should be turned off, and on cars with diesel engines - Overlapping the fuel supply.

On the steering wheel of the car you need to hang a sign with the inscription "The engine does not start: people work!".

2.5. When servicing a vehicle with a lift on the control mechanism, the lift should be signed by the sign with the inscription "Do not touch: people work!". In the working position, the lift plunger must be securely fixed by the focus preventing spontaneous lowering of the lift.

2.6. Posts then on the streamlines with forced movement of cars must be equipped with feedback signaling and the ability to make an emergency stop of the movement process. The movement of cars from post per post is allowed only after receiving signals from all posts on the end of the work and submission to all posts of the signal warning about the start of movement. When used as a warning sound, the latter must exceed the noise level at workplaces by 6-8 dB A.

2.7. Cars installed on swivel stands must be securely secured using devices provided for by the stand design; Fuel and working fluids drain, rechargeable batteries to dismantle; All loose pre-duals from the body, cabin and salon remove.

2.8. When working with highly located aggregates (parts) of the car, sustainable supports or ladders and ladders should be applied, complying with the requirements of GOST 12.2.012-75.

2.9. Units and nodes weighing more than 20 kg is allowed to raise and move only with the help of lifting and transport mechanisms.

2.10. The rise and transportation of nodes and aggregates by lifting and transport mechanisms must be carried out using special devices according to the capture of the transportation object, provided for this type of work.

2.11. It is forbidden to perform any work on the car, one edge of which is raised lifting mechanismBut not installed on special stands.

2.12. Removal from the car parts and assemblies filled with liquids should only be performed after complete removal (plum) of these liquids.

2.13. Washing and cleaning of engines, parts and assemblies of cars must be made in washing devices or tanks specially designed for this substances.

2.14. Sink of aggregates and details fuel equipment and engines worked on eaten gasoline should be carried out only after preliminary neutralization of Tetraethylswin's deposits.

2.15. That and the PI of the power supply systems operating on gasoline with anti-knock additives must be performed after complete neutralization of the assembly units of power systems.

2.16. Before starting the engine, the car should slow down the parking brake, the gearbox lever is set to a neutral position.

2.17. When starting the engine with a starting handle, it is forbidden to apply additional levers and amplifiers, and also take the handle in the brush girth. Rotate the handle must be taken up.

2.18. Starting the engine and the touch of the car from the spot should be made subject to the safety of working with this car, as well as those near it.

2.19. The removal and installation of the spring should be carried out after unloading them from the mass of the car by installing under the chassis (body) of special supports (kids).

2.20. Repair or replacement of the lifting mechanism cargo platform The car must be carried out after installation under the platform of an additional stop, eliminating the possibility of falling or spontaneously lowering the platform.

2.21. That and trot of the car should be carried out with a non-working engine, with the exception of cases when the engine operation is necessary in accordance with technological process That and tr.

2.22. Before turning crankshaft Engine Pl cardan Val. It is necessary to additionally make sure that the ignition is turned off (for diesel engines - the fuel supply is stopped) and set the gearbox lever to the neutral position.

2.23. The purge of the power system should be carried out using an air pump connected to the compressed air distribution system equipped with a moisture separator. At the same time, the air pressure in the distribution system should not exceed 0.5 MP a.

2.24. Testing the brakes of the car must be carried out on the stand. Testing on a special platform is allowed, while its dimensions should be so to ensure the safety of people and cars even in the event of a brake malfunction.

2.25. Before the start of the TR, the tank car for the transport of flammable and explosive tank cargoes must be grounded.

2.26. Rechargeable batteries should be dismantled and installed using special devices that exclude the drop in batteries.

2.27. All work related to the repair and maintenance of batteries must be carried out in specially equipped rooms for these purposes.

2.28. Prepare the electrolyte should be prepared in specially intended vessels by infusion of acid into the water with a thin jet with a thorough mixing of the solution with a glass or an ebonite stick.

2.29. Rechargeable batteries installed on charging must be connected by clamps that exclude the possibility of sparking.

2.30. When charging batteries, corks from cans must be twisted.

2.31. Rama repair should be carried out on stands or by car with installed wheels. When repairing on the stands, it is necessary to provide a steady position of the frame.

2.32. The dismantled body and cab cabins to be repaired must be installed on special stands or stands and stand in a sustainable and convenient position for work.

2.33. Richtovka wings and other parts from sheet material must be carried out by car or on special stands.

2.34. In order to exclude the possibility of burning combustible materials (body upholstery, fuel, etc.) Electric welding works directly on the car should be carried out according to the requirements of GOST 12.3.003-86.

2.35. The soldering and welding of containers from the fuel and lubricants must be carried out only after the complete removal of these substances and their vapors by special processing.

2.36. Removal of parts (for example, springs), which requires a significant effort, should be made using removals.

2.37. Dismantling the tire from the wheels disk must be carried out after full pressure removal in the bus chamber.

2.38. Installation and disassembly of the tire is carried out, only with the help of equipment intended for this, devices, devices and tools using special fences, ensuring the safety of working in the case of departure of the key ring.

2.39. A tire on a wheel disk having a locking ring is allowed to be installed subject to the absence of damage to the wheel of the wheel and damage to the key ring.

It is necessary to monitor. So that the keyboard ring is fully entered into the recess.

2.40. It is not allowed to carry wheels without removing from the car if the wheel assembly or pressure in the wheel is reduced by more than 40% of the regulatory value

2.41. Pumping wheels having lock rings should be carried out using special fences that ensure the safety of working when flying the key ring.

3. Requirements for industrial premises and outdoor car storage

3.1. Production facilities and open-ended vehicles should meet the requirements of CH and PI II - 93-74 and CH 245-71. Approved by the USSR State Building.

3.2. The floors of the industrial premises must be even, resistant to the effects of aggressive substances used in the processes of both TR, as well as to have biases for water drain.

3.3. Wheel-free sidewalks should be built along the walls for storing cars.

3.4. Outacades and inspection ditches that are not equipped with a carrier conveyor must have on the entire length of guides and safety flashes.

3.5. Production sites on which harmful substances, pairs, dust, etc. may be isolated, should be isolated from other premises.

3.6. Rooms and open areas for repair and storage of cars should have a marking of the placement of cars, made by persistent dyes of contrasting colors.

3.7. The ditches, trenches and tunnels must be equipped with supply ventilation and should not be climbing out of foreign objects.

3.8. The air of the working area - according to GOST 12.1.005-76.

3.9. Premises for that, tr and storage of cars must be equipped with a supply-exhaust ventilation.

C.10. Premises and posts on which technological operations with a car operating engine must be equipped with devices for removing exhaust gases from the work area.

3.11. The room for car wash and parts should be isolated from other industrial premises.

3.12. The premises where oil regeneration, charging batteries, paint and other works associated with the release of explosive substances should be equipped with a supply-exhaust ventilation with a mechanical inspection in explosion-proof execution, not combined with ventilation systems of other rooms.

GOST 21624-81

Group T51.

State Standard of the SSR Union

Automotive Maintenance and Repair System

Requirements for operational manufacturing and maintainability of products

Motor Vehicle Maintenance and Repair System.
REQUIRMENTS FOR MAINTAINABILITY AND REPAIRABILITY OF ITEMS

OKP 45 1000.

Date of introduction 1983-01-01

By Decree of the State Committee of the USSR on standards of December 24, 1981 N 5619, the deadline was established from 1983-01-01

Instead of GOST 21624-76

Reprint. June 1987

This standard establishes requirements for products to ensure the specified level of operational technological (ET) and maintainability (RP), as well as the values \u200b\u200bof ET and RP indicators provided for by GOST 20334-81, for products automotive technology - all-wheel drive and not all-wheel drive cars (freight, passenger and buses), trailers and semi-trailers (hereinafter - products).

The standard does not apply to special and specialized products of automotive equipment.

Requirements for ET and RP products should be included in the technical task for the development or modernization of the product and the technical level map.

The terms applied in this standard and explanations to them are given in the reference application 1.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. Requirements for ensuring this and RP of automotive equipment are aimed at reducing the costs of time, labor and funds on maintenance and repair and improving the efficiency of their use during operation.

1.2. This standard regulates the values \u200b\u200bof the normalized indicators of ET and RP of automotive equipment.

1.3. Et and RP indicators of products should be set in the form of quantities:

the frequency of maintenance species in the mileage kilometers of the product;

specific operational laboriousness of maintenance (without daily) in man-hours per 1000 km of product mileage;

specific operational labor intensity of current repairs in man-hours per 1000 km of product mileage.

1.4. Values \u200b\u200bof all indicators of ET and RP with maintenance and current repairs They are given for the first category of operating conditions and climatic areas with an adjustment coefficient of 1.0.

1.5. The frequency of maintenance (except daily), as well as the specific operational complexity of maintenance and current repairs for other categories of operating conditions and other climatic areas, taking into account the correction coefficients shown in the recommended Annex 2.

2. Requirements for the provision of operational technological and maintainability of products

2.1. Design and layout of the product and its component parts Must ensure all maintenance operations (TB) and current repair (TR) with minimal labor and material costs.

2.2. Common requirements for ensuring this and RP of automotive equipment are:

an increase in frequency of products;

improving the reliability of the product and its components;

ensuring access to the component parts of the product that requires that and tr;

ensuring the slightweight of the components of the product;

standardization and unification of the components of the product and operational materials;

reducing the number of product objects requiring regular maintenance;

reduction of the nomenclature and sizes of fasteners;

improving the anti-corrosion protection of the product, its components and fasteners;

ensuring access to composite parts requiring an anti-corrosion protection in operation;

providing control recovery when used for intended, maintenance and current repairs;

ensuring the adaptability of the product to the performance of washing, fastening, adjusting, lubricants, control and diagnostic and repair work;

ensuring adaptability to the execution of conversion and adjustment and measuring work;

ensuring the possibility of applying original design solutions and new materials;

ensuring the full geometric and functional interchangeability of the same type of components during maintenance and repair;

reducing the number of service personnel and needs in specialists with high qualifications by reducing and simplifying dismantling and installation, adjustment and other works.

3. Values \u200b\u200bof indicators

3.1. The values \u200b\u200bof the periodicity of the daily (EO), the first (TO-1) and the second (TO-2) maintenance specified in the technical documentation, and then on service books are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

The frequency of maintenance of automotive equipment
(I Category Operating Conditions)


Type of product	Periodicity of maintenance species
			Then on service books
		km, not less
Cars passenger	Once in the working day, regardless of the number of workers shifts
Buses
Cars freight, buses based on trucks or using their main units
Trailers and semi-trailers
All-wheel drive cars

Note. This service frequency does not apply to the period of running a new car or unit for which smaller periodicity values \u200b\u200bcan be installed.

3.2. When establishing other types of maintenance, their frequency should be at least the second maintenance period.

3.3. Seasonal maintenance (CO) perform twice for calendar year Before the beginning of autumn-winter and spring-summer operation and combine with the next one.

The numerical value of the periodicity of the C is determined by the ratio annual Mileage to the number of CO.

The specific operational complexity of seasonal maintenance includes the indicator of the specific operational laboriousness of the maintenance.

3.4. The values \u200b\u200bof the normalized indicators of the ET and the RP of the non-receptacle and all-wheel drive cars are shown in Table 2-6.

table 2

Labor complexity of maintenance and current car repair
with wheel formula 4x2


Car class	Engine working volume, l	Mass (dry), kg	Operational labor intensity
				specific
				maintenance	current repairs
				chel.-h / thousand. KM
			no more
Especially small
	St. 1.2 to 1.8	St. 850 to 1150
Middle	St. 1.8 to 3.5	St. 1150 to 1500

Table 3.

Labor intensity of maintenance and current repair of buses


	Length, M.	Operational labor intensity
		one-time daily maintenance, person-h	specific
			maintenance	current repairs
			chel.-h / thousand. KM
		no more
Especially small

Middle
Large

Table 4.

Labor intensity of maintenance and current car repair
general purpose with wheel formula 4x2 and 6x4


Load capacity	Operational labor intensity
	one-time daily maintenance, person-h	specific
		maintenance	current repairs
		chel.-h / thousand. KM
	no more
Especially small

Average

Big
Especially big

Table 5.

Labor intensity of maintenance and current repair of trailers and semi-trailers


			Operational labor intensity
				specific
	Load capacity		one-time daily maintenance, person-h	maintenance	current repairs
				chel.-h / thousand. KM
			no more
Uniaxial trailers	Small and middle
Two-axis trailers	Middle and big
	Especially big	8.0 or more
Union semi-trailers	Middle and big
	Especially big	8.0 or more
Multi-axis semi-trailers (two-axis or more)	Especially big	8.0 to 16.0

Table 6.

Labor intensity of maintenance and current car repair
all-wheel drive single-sided with wheel formula 4x4 and 6x6


Load capacity		Operational labor intensity
		one-time daily maintenance, person-h	specific
			maintenance	current repairs
			chel.-h / thousand. KM
		no more
Especially small	St. 0.3 to 1.0
	St. 1.0 to 3.0
Average	St. 3.0 to 4.0
	St. 4.0 to 6.0
Big	St. 6.0 to 8.0

3.5. The values \u200b\u200bof the one-time complexity of the EO and the specific laboriousness of TR, as well as the specific operational labor intensity, then (without daily), asked in technical documentation for basic models of general-purpose automotive equipment in the first category of operating conditions, should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bshown in Table 2-5 .

3.6. The values \u200b\u200bof the one-time operational complexity of the EO, as well as the specific operational labor intensity, the TR for all-wheel drive cars should not exceed the values \u200b\u200bshown in Table 6.

Appendix 1 (Reference). Explanations to the Terms applied in this standard

ATTACHMENT 1
Reference


Term	Explanation
1. Special and specialized automotive products	According to GOST 21398-75 *
2. Common car	According to the "general classifier of industrial and agricultural products", "Higher Classifications", class 45 - "Automotive Industry Products". Approved by the USSR states 12.12.1974
3. Daily maintenance (EE), first maintenance (TO-1), second maintenance (TO-2), seasonal maintenance (CO)	Complexes of operations, meaning under these names in product instructions concrete marksDeveloped by manufacturers of products in accordance with GOST 2.601-68 **
4. Current Repair (Tr)	According to GOST 18322-78
5. Basic model	The product was conditionally accepted for the main thing in the design and design of design documentation and in the organization of production
6. Operational labor intensity	According to GOST 21623-76

_______________
* Replaced GOST 21398-89 GOST 21398-89 does not work. GOST R 52280-2004 is valid;
** GOST 2.601-95 is replaced. In the territory Russian Federation GOST 2.601-95 does not work. GOST 2.601-2006. - Notes of the database manufacturer.

Appendix 2 (recommended). Correction coefficients of performance of operational technological and maintainability depending on the category of operating conditions

Table 1

Characteristics of the operating conditions of products and the corresponding categories


	Working conditions
	1. Automobile roads I, II, III technical Categories Outside the suburban zone on flat, weakly-grayscale and hilly areas having cement concrete and asphalt concrete coating
	1. Automobile roads I, II, III technical categories outside the suburban area in highland, as well as in small towns and in the suburban zone (in all types of relief, except for mountain), having cement concrete and asphalt concrete types of coatings.
	2. Automobile roads I, II, III of technical categories outside the suburban zone (in all types of relief, except for the mountain), as well as in small towns and in the suburban area on flat terrain coated with bitumenineral mixtures.
	3. Automotive road III, IV technical categories outside the suburban zone having rubbed and gravel coatings in all types of relief, except mountainous and mountainous
	1. Automobile roads I, II, III technical categories outside the suburban zone, car roads In small towns and in the suburban zone (mountainous area), as well as in large cities having cement concrete and asphalt concrete coatings.
	2. Automobile roads I, II, III technical categories outside the suburban zone (mountainous area), road roads in small towns and in the suburban zone (in all types of relief, in addition to flat), as well as in large cities (in all types of relief, In addition to mountain), having coatings from bitumenineral mixtures.
	3. Automobile roads III, IV technical categories outside the suburban area in mountainous and mountainous areas, roads in the suburban area and streets of small towns, streets of large cities (all types of relief, except mountainous and mountain), having rubbed and gravel coatings.
	4. Automobile roads III, IV, V technical categories outside the suburban area, road roads in the suburban area and streets of small cities, streets of large cities (flat terrain), having coatings from a cobblestone and bridal stone, as well as coatings from soils treated with knitry Materials.
	5. Intrapanery automotive roads with advanced coatings.
	6. WINDERS.
	1. Streets of large cities having coatings from bitumenineral mixes (mountainous areas), rubbed and gravel coatings (mountainous and mountainous terrain), coatings from a cobblestone and bridal stone and from soils treated with knitting (all types of relief, except for flat) materials.
	2. Automobile roads of the V technical category outside the suburban area, road roads in the suburban area and streets of small cities (flat terrain), having a soil unqualified or reinforced with local coating.
	3. Forest and forestry ground roads in good condition
	1. Natural ground roads, internal roads in rural areas, intra-rail and recalled roads, temporary driveways to various kinds of construction sites and sand, clay, stone, and the like. in periods when there is a movement

table 2

Maintenance Periodicity Adjustment Coefficients
and specific operational laboriousness of the current repair depending
on the category of operating conditions of automotive equipment


	Correction coefficients
	the frequency of maintenance, not less	specific operational laboriousness of current repairs, no more

Table 3.

The coefficients of adjusting the frequency of maintenance and specific
laboriousness of current repair depending on the natural climatic
regions of operation of automotive equipment


Climatic area	Correction ratio
	maintenance periodicity	specific laboriousness of current repairs
Moderately cold
Moderately warm, moderate-warm wet, warm wet
Roast dry, very hot dry
Cold (from the middle time of January of the month from minus 15 to minus 20 °)
Cold (from the middle time of January of the month from minus 20 to minus 35 °)
Very cold (with the middle time of January of the month from minus 35 ° and below)

Note. When performing automotive equipment under conditions with high environmental aggressiveness, the value of periodicity is reduced by 10%, and the value of the specific labor intensity of TPs increase by 10%.

The work with high aggressiveness of the environment equates the work of products of automotive equipment for the transport of chemical goods causing intensive corrosion.

Appendix 3 (recommended). Recommendations for the maintenance and operational technologicality of products and their components

1. Construction of assembly units of products

1.1. Units and parts that are subjected to frequent dismantling in operation should be easily gradual.

1.2. Frequently removed lid lid must be installed on quick-consuming clamps that do not allow spontaneous opening.

1.3. For cables and driving control systems, providing for guides from materials that do not need lubricant.

1.4. Provide on products with pneumatic control systems the possibility of pumping and pumping tires from the pneumatic system.

1.5. Ensure installation on wheels of trucks of greater lifting capacity and buses of signaling devices for reducing tire pressure to the minimum permissible value.

1.6. The external forms of the body of passenger cars, buses, cargo vehicles of the van type, trailer and semi-trailer are performed adapted to the mechanized outer wash on the brush machines.

1.7. Ensure the possibility of unhindered passage of detergent brushes at mechanized car wash Products according to it protruding on the surface of the body, parts and devices (windshield wipers, rear view mirrors, antennas, additional pharmaceans, signals, etc.).

1.8. Apply the types of buses coating and the method of its attachment, providing the possibility of the cabin hose wash without penetrating the water from the panel and under the floor covering. Provide the possibility of a complete drain of water accumulated on the floor when washing.

1.9. Provide the constructive design of the cabin of buses and its internal equipment, which provides the possibility of mechanized cleaning, including washing and special processing of disinfecting compositions.

1.10. On products C. carburetor engines Installing devices that exclude water from entering the engine electrical equipment with a mechanized and hose wash.

1.11. Capacity and tanks, levels of working fluids in which must be monitored (engine lubrication system, cooling system, oil carriages, tanks with brake fluid etc.), supply easily observed level indicators (probes, transparent windows, remote pointers, etc.). Provide if necessary, the installation of embedded devices, allowing to monitor the level of fluid directly on the instrument panel or allowing it to be easily and quickly monitored.

1.12. In structures fuel system and other devices in which are used special fluids Or oil, to provide for the possibility of a complete drain of liquid from all tanks and working volumes.

1.13. Ensure the easume of hydro and pneumatic actuators that feed the components of the product.

1.14. In cases where, according to the terms of the structural solutions, refueling products with fuel, water, oil and other technical liquids It is impossible from the ground level, to ensure the installation of embedded devices for accessing the refueling places, as well as to the wind and rear windows.

1.15. Assembly units and mechanisms, the mass of which exceeds 30 kg, making adapted to the removal and transportation by lifting facilities (provide for captures, rhlybolt, eyelashes, etc.).

1.16. Methods for fastening the spare wheel on products should provide the ability to install it and remove with one person with a required force not exceeding 500 H (50 kgf).

1.17. On the products with the bearing body, it is to provide structurally decorated places that should provide the possibility of hanging them by a jack at least than at four points, as well as when performing maintenance and current repair - lifts; For frameworks to provide the possibility of hanging by lifts and jacks under the bridges.

1.18. On passenger cars and buses of all types, apply self-regulating brakes.

1.19. Apply easy grades brake drumsallowing inspection and maintenance of brake mechanisms without dismantling the wheel hubs.

1.20. The control body of the condensate of air cylinders of the brake actuator system is located in a convenient location.

1.21. Provide a simple and easy replacement or purification of the moisture meter separator of the pneumatic brake drive system.

1.22. Provide the possibility of free access to the valves of twin-wheel tires by installing the valves of the valves.

1.23. Rechargeable batteries with open inter-accumulator jumpers in the place of their installation on the product cover, reliably protecting their upper part from dust, moisture and dirt, or placed in a closed ventilated compartment.

1.24. In the electrical system of products, install plug connectors that allow you to remove the main nodes and lighting devices without developing contact connections. Concentrate connectors in the form of grouped nodes.

1.25. In the electrical equipment of the products to establish a branched network of fuses that provide easy and quick troubleshooting in the system.

1.26. In the system of electrical equipment of all types of products, apply alternate current generators of the most promising design.

1.27. All types of products Equip the battery switches of batteries.

1.28. Provide easy and fast removal from the product of nodes and engine start assembers, as well as power systems, gases and cooling.

1.29. Provide free access to engine maintenance facilities by applying a folding cabin or hood-wing hinged block, decrease in the height of the wings, the use of light grateproof sidewalls of the hood.

1.30. Provide in the design of the product the possibility of applying and subsequent resumption in the operation of the anti-corrosion coating of the outer and internal surfaces of the closed cavities of the body elements subject to corrosion.

1.31. Provide the possibility of removing the head of the engine cylinder block directly to the product.

1.32. Provide in engine structures using magnetic flaps and plugs.

1.33. Provide for products the maximum possible expedient degree of unification according to assembly units and components, mechanisms, component equipment, on the placement of controls and measuring instruments.

2. Layout of assembly units

2.1. Taking the design and layout of assembly units of products that provide free access to all devices and details to be maintained and controlled.

2.2. Place the triggers of containers in places that provide free access to them and the possibility of producing liquids without loss and hitting the surface of the adjacent parts of the product.

2.3. Place rechargeable battery In places providing the ability to control the level and density of electrolyte in each bank directly on the product.

3. Methods for fastening assembly units, fasteners

3.1. Types of fasteners of all product connections should be selected from the condition for applying the minimum amount of key sizes used.

3.2. The number of sizes of "turnkey" places of threaded plugs of drain and fuse bayoids of containers should be no more than three.

3.3. Provide free access to a mechanized tool or dynamometric keys To fixing connections of a large or normalized tightening force. To the rest of fixing connections to provide the necessary access to the fastener tool.

3.4. Provide the ability to perform work on the suspension of bolted connections by one person.

3.5. All fasteners exposed to moisture should have an anti-corrosion coating.

3.6. Apply, where possible, fastening parts made from plastics.

3.7. Apply self-locking fasteners or other means that exclude self-erase, in the most responsible product connections, primarily related to ensuring traffic safety.

3.8. Observe the multiplicity of the frequency of fasteners of the product maintenance periodicity.

4. Lubrication

4.1. Provide friction nodes that do not require lubrication.

4.2. The number of brands applied lubricants (excluding substitutes) should be no more than four for passenger cars and six - for trucks and general-purpose buses.

4.3. Provide the selection of the type of construction, location and method of installing press-oils, ensuring the possibility of using existing standard lubricants with one type of lubricant tip.

4.4. The design and location of the bulk holes of the cards of units and nodes must ensure the possibility of oil suction, flushing of crankcases and fill fresh oil Through the filler necks.

5. Anticorrosion Protection and Coloring

5.1. Anti-corrosion protection of cabin, bodies and their painting in the manufacture should provide:

lack of rust appearance on external surfaces for at least three years; *
________________

lack of Yazvin and end-to-end corrosion damage for at least five years. *
________________
* For the first category of operating conditions and climatic areas with an adjustment coefficient of 1.0.

5.2. The life of paint coatings of the bodies must comply with the resource of a car or body (cab) to overhaul.*
________________
* For the first category of operating conditions and climatic areas with an adjustment coefficient of 1.0.

5.3. Provide access (holes, channels, hatches, etc.) to the inner surfaces of the body and cabins, subject to corrosion, to control and conduct anti-corrosion measures to operate.

5.4. Provide installation of traffic jams, hatches and other devices that provide drainage from the cavities of the moisture and condensate.

5.5. Exclude the places of the accumulation of dirt (niches, traps, etc.) on the surfaces of the body and cabins, to provide a good fitness of the bodies and cabins to the washing and anti-corrosion work.

5.6. All fasteners, metal pipelines, traction subject to moisture should have an anti-corrosion coating.

6. Technical diagnostics assembly units of the product

6.1. In the designs of the assembly units of the product, install special devices and devices for connecting standard diagnostic equipment.

6.2. Connecting connectors to connect the required diagnostic equipment installed directly on the product so that they do not make it difficult to access individual aggregates and assembly units and did not prevent the installation and dismantling work during maintenance and the current repair of the product. Concentrate equipment connecting the equipment.

6.3. In the systems of hydro and pneumatic operation of the product mechanism to provide devices to control technical condition Systems without disassembling and removing them from the product.

6.4. Taking the type of engine block head and the location of the winding candles and nozzles, ensuring the possibility of measuring the size of the compression in the cylinders on a full-digit product.

6.5. In the designs of the brakes of trucks and buses, provide for the possibility of visual control of the thickness of friction linings brake shoes Without disassembly (shells closed with light grades, etc.) or the presence of a signaling device for the limit wear of parts.

Electronic document text
prepared CJSC Codex and drilled by:
official edition
M.: Publishing standards, 1987

Document's name:
Document Number:	21624-81
Document type:	GOST
Accepted	State Standard of the USSR
Status:	Suitable
Published:	Official edition
Date of adoption:	December 24, 1981.
Start date:	January 01, 1983.
Editorial date:	June 1, 1987.

GOST 21624-81 System of maintenance and repair of automotive equipment. Requirements for operational manufacturing and maintainability of products

GOST 21624-81

Group T51.

State Standard of the SSR Union

Automotive Maintenance and Repair System

Requirements for operational manufacturing and maintainability of products

Motor Vehicle Maintenance and Repair System.
REQUIRMENTS FOR MAINTAINABILITY AND REPAIRABILITY OF ITEMS

OKP 45 1000.

Date of introduction 1983-01-01

By Decree of the State Committee of the USSR on standards of December 24, 1981 N 5619, the deadline was established from 1983-01-01

Inspend GOST 21624-76

Reprint. June 1987

This Standard establishes requirements for products to ensure the specified level of operational technological (ET) and maintainability (RP), as well as values \u200b\u200bof ET and RP indicators provided for GOST 20334-81 , for automotive equipment - all-wheel drive and non-receiving cars (cargo, passenger and buses), trailers and semi-trailers (hereinafter - products).

The standard does not apply to special and specialized products of automotive equipment.

Requirements for ET and RP products should be included in the technical task for the development or modernization of the product and the technical level map.

The terms applied in this standard and explanations to them are given in the reference application 1.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1. Requirements for ensuring this and RP of automotive equipment are aimed at reducing the costs of time, labor and maintenance and repair and repair and improve the efficiency of their use during operation.

1.2. This standard regulates the values \u200b\u200bof the normalized indicators of ET and RP of automotive equipment.

1.4. The values \u200b\u200bof all indicators of ET and RP with maintenance and current repairs are given for the first category of operating conditions and climatic areas with an adjustment coefficient of 1.0.

2. Requirements for the provision of operational technological and maintainability of products

2.1. The design and layout of the product and its component parts should ensure that all maintenance operations (MA) and the current repair (TR) with the minimum possible labor and material costs.

3. Values \u200b\u200bof indicators

Table 1

The frequency of maintenance of automotive equipment
(I Category Operating Conditions)


Type of product	Periodicity of maintenance species
			Then on service books
		km, not less
Cars passenger	Once in the working day, regardless of the number of workers shifts
Buses
Cargo cars, buses based on trucks or using their main units
Trailers and semi-trailers
All-wheel drive cars

Note. This service frequency does not apply to the period of running a new car or unit for which smaller periodicity values \u200b\u200bcan be installed.

3.2. When establishing other types of maintenance, their frequency should be at least the second maintenance period.

3.3. Seasonal maintenance (CO) perform twice during the calendar year before the beginning of autumn-winter and spring-summer exploitation and combine with the next one.

The numerical value of the periodicity C is determined by the ratio of the annual mileage to the amount of CO.

The specific operational complexity of seasonal maintenance includes the indicator of the specific operational laboriousness of the maintenance.

3.4. The values \u200b\u200bof the normalized indicators of the ET and the RP of the non-receptacle and all-wheel drive cars are shown in Table 2-6.

table 2

Labor complexity of maintenance and current car repair
with wheel formula 4x2


Car class	Engine working volume, l	Mass (dry), kg	Operational labor intensity
				specific
				maintenance	current repairs
				chel.-h / thousand. KM
			no more
Especially small
	St. 1.2 to 1.8	St. 850 to 1150
Middle	St. 1.8 to 3.5	St. 1150 to 1500

Table 3.

Labor intensity of maintenance and current repair of buses


	Length, M.	Operational labor intensity
		one-time daily maintenance, person-h	specific
			maintenance	current repairs
			chel.-h / thousand. KM
		no more
Especially small

Middle
Large

Table 4.

Labor intensity of maintenance and current car repair
general purpose with wheel formula 4x2 and 6x4


Load capacity	Operational labor intensity
	one-time daily maintenance, person-h	specific
		maintenance	current repairs
		chel.-h / thousand. KM
	no more
Especially small

Average

Big
Especially big

Table 5.

Labor intensity of maintenance and current repair of trailers and semi-trailers


			Operational labor intensity
				specific
	Load capacity		one-time daily maintenance, person-h	maintenance	current repairs
				chel.-h / thousand. KM
			no more
Uniaxial trailers	Small and middle
Two-axis trailers	Middle and big
	Especially big	8.0 or more
Union semi-trailers	Middle and big
	Especially big	8.0 or more
Multi-axis semi-trailers (two-axis or more)	Especially big	8.0 to 16.0

Table 6.

Labor intensity of maintenance and current car repair
all-wheel drive single-sided with wheel formula 4x4 and 6x6


Load capacity		Operational labor intensity
		one-time daily maintenance, person-h	specific
			maintenance	current repairs
			chel.-h / thousand. KM
		no more
Especially small	St. 0.3 to 1.0
	St. 1.0 to 3.0
Average	St. 3.0 to 4.0
	St. 4.0 to 6.0
Big	St. 6.0 to 8.0

Appendix 1 (Reference). Explanations to the Terms applied in this standard

ATTACHMENT 1
Reference


Term	Explanation
1. Special and specialized automotive products	By GOST 21398-75 *
2. Common car	According to the "general classifier of industrial and agricultural products", "Higher Classifications", class 45 - "Automotive Industry Products". Approved by the USSR states 12.12.1974
3. Daily maintenance (EE), first maintenance (TO-1), second maintenance (TO-2), seasonal maintenance (CO)	Complexes of operations, meaning under these names in the instructions for using products of specific stamps, developed by manufacturers of products in accordance with GOST 2.601-68. **
4. Current Repair (Tr)	By GOST 18322-78
5. Basic model	The product was conditionally accepted for the main thing in the design and design of design documentation and in the organization of production
6. Operational labor intensity	By GOST 21623-76

_______________
* Replaced GOST 21398-89 GOST 21398-89 It does not work. Act GOST R 52280-2004 ;
** Replaced GOST 2.601-95 . In the territory of the Russian Federation GOST 2.601-95 It does not work. Act GOST 2.601-2006 . - Notes of the database manufacturer.

Appendix 2 (recommended). Correction coefficients of performance of operational technological and maintainability depending on the category of operating conditions

Table 1

Characteristics of the operating conditions of products and the corresponding categories


	Working conditions
	1. Automobile roads I, II, III technical categories outside the suburban zone on flat, weakly-grayscale and hilly terrain having cement concrete and asphalt concrete coating
	1. Automobile roads I, II, III technical categories outside the suburban area in highland, as well as in small towns and in the suburban zone (in all types of relief, except for mountain), having cement concrete and asphalt concrete types of coatings.
	2. Automobile roads I, II, III of technical categories outside the suburban zone (in all types of relief, except for the mountain), as well as in small towns and in the suburban area on flat terrain coated with bitumenineral mixtures.
	3. Automobile roads III, IV technical categories outside the suburban zone having rubbed and gravel coatings in all types of relief, except mountainous and mountain
	1. Automobile roads I, II, III technical categories outside the suburban area, road roads in small towns and in the suburban area (mountainous area), as well as in large cities having cement concrete and asphalt concrete coatings.
	2. Automobile roads I, II, III technical categories outside the suburban zone (mountainous area), road roads in small towns and in the suburban zone (in all types of relief, in addition to flat), as well as in large cities (in all types of relief, In addition to mountain), having coatings from bitumenineral mixtures.
	3. Automobile roads III, IV technical categories outside the suburban area in mountainous and mountainous areas, roads in the suburban area and streets of small towns, streets of large cities (all types of relief, except mountainous and mountain), having rubbed and gravel coatings.
	4. Automobile roads III, IV, V technical categories outside the suburban area, road roads in the suburban area and streets of small cities, streets of large cities (flat terrain), having coatings from a cobblestone and bridal stone, as well as coatings from soils treated with knitry Materials.
	5. Intrapanery automotive roads with advanced coatings.
	6. WINDERS.
	1. Streets of large cities having coatings from bitumenineral mixes (mountainous areas), rubbed and gravel coatings (mountainous and mountainous terrain), coatings from a cobblestone and bridal stone and from soils treated with knitting (all types of relief, except for flat) materials.
	2. Automobile roads of the V technical category outside the suburban area, road roads in the suburban area and streets of small cities (flat terrain), having a soil unqualified or reinforced with local coating.
	3. Forest and forestry ground roads in good condition
	1. Natural ground roads, internal roads in rural areas, intra-rail and recalled roads, temporary driveways to various kinds of construction sites and sand, clay, stone, and the like. in periods when there is a movement

table 2

Maintenance Periodicity Adjustment Coefficients
and specific operational laboriousness of the current repair depending
on the category of operating conditions of automotive equipment


	Correction coefficients
	the frequency of maintenance, not less	specific operational laboriousness of current repairs, no more

Table 3.

The coefficients of adjusting the frequency of maintenance and specific
laboriousness of current repair depending on the natural climatic
regions of operation of automotive equipment


Climatic area	Correction ratio
	maintenance periodicity	specific laboriousness of current repairs
Moderately cold
Moderately warm, moderate-warm wet, warm wet
Roast dry, very hot dry
Cold (from the middle time of January of the month from minus 15 to minus 20 °)
Cold (from the middle time of January of the month from minus 20 to minus 35 °)
Very cold (with the middle time of January of the month from minus 35 ° and below)

Appendix 3 (recommended). Recommendations for the maintenance and operational technologicality of products and their components

1. Construction of assembly units of products

1.1. Units and parts that are subjected to frequent dismantling in operation should be easily gradual.

1.2. Frequently removed lid lid must be installed on quick-consuming clamps that do not allow spontaneous opening.

1.3. For cables and driving control systems, providing for guides from materials that do not need lubricant.

1.4. Provide on products with pneumatic control systems the possibility of pumping and pumping tires from the pneumatic system.

1.5. Ensure installation on wheels of trucks of greater lifting capacity and buses of signaling devices for reducing tire pressure to the minimum permissible value.

1.6. The external forms of the body of passenger cars, buses, cargo vehicles of the van type, trailer and semi-trailer are performed adapted to the mechanized outer wash on the brush machines.

1.7. To ensure the possibility of unhindered passage of detergent brushes with a mechanized sink of products by its protruding on the surface of the body, parts and devices (windshield wipers, rear-view mirrors, antennas, additional pharmaceans, signals, etc.).

1.10. On products with carburetor engines, install devices that exclude water from entering the engine electrical equipment with a mechanized and hose sink.

1.11. Capacity and tanks, levels of working fluids in which must be monitored (engine lubrication system, cooling system, oil carriages, tanks with brake fluid, etc.), supply easily observed level indicators (probes, transparent windows, remote pointers, etc.). Provide if necessary, the installation of embedded devices, allowing to monitor the level of fluid directly on the instrument panel or allowing it to be easily and quickly monitored.

1.12. In the structures of the fuel system and other devices in which special liquids or oil are used, it is possible to provide a complete drain of liquid from all tanks and working volumes.

1.13. Ensure the easume of hydro and pneumatic actuators that feed the components of the product.

1.14. In cases where, according to the terms of the structural solutions, refueling products with fuel, water, oil and other technical fluids is impossible from the ground level, ensure the installation of embedded devices to access the refueling, as well as to wind and rear windows.

1.15. Assembly units and mechanisms, the mass of which exceeds 30 kg, making adapted to the removal and transportation by lifting facilities (provide for captures, rhlybolt, eyelashes, etc.).

1.16. Methods for fastening the spare wheel on products should provide the ability to install it and remove with one person with a required force not exceeding 500 H (50 kgf).

1.18. On passenger cars and buses of all types, apply self-regulating brakes.

1.19. Apply easy-sensitive brake drums that allow inspection and maintenance of brake mechanisms without dismantling the wheel hubs.