Welcome to you friends on the site repair cars with your own hands. Modern generation engines are characterized by good capacity and fuel economy.
The engine settings manages the computer. Indicators about its work are removed from various sensors.
Of these, only one can stop the engine when breakdown. This is the crankshaft position sensor (DPKV). The main task in the VAZ 2110 car is the synchronization of fuel and ignition systems.
If this node breaks, there is a violation of this synchronization, due to this failure of the entire system. Spark disappears, fuel is not served. Force aggregate It may not be adequately and in the end still stops.
The principle of operation of the crankshaft position sensor - it removes the testimony of the frequency of the RV rotation and its position on magnetic pulses. VAZ engines have slightly different PKV sensors, so you only need to change to a similar one. Also advise you to read how to check throttle position sensor .
When the sensor fails, it can be checked, having only one screwdriver and the device multimeter. The first sign of the breakage of the crankshaft position sensor VAZ 2110 is a large drop in power, as well as when the "Check engine" lamp is on.
Here is a list of other signs of DPKV breakdown:
- Unstable idling.
- Increased and lowering engine revolutions.
- Falling thrust.
- Detonation of the engine, sharp in the intake or exhaust manifold.
- Motor does not start.
It is located in a not very convenient place on the engine, to get to it need to spend some time. Its location on the lid of the oil pump, near the pulley of the generator.
How to check the Crankshaft Position Sensor 2110
How to check DPKV VAZ 2110 and make sure that it is not working? There are a couple of variants of the sensor breakdown. But you can consider only two of them most common.
In any of the cases, you need to remove it with the key of ten. Before removing, put the labels on the sensor and the crankcase to fix its initial position.
In the absence of external or other damage to DPKV, it is checked with other devices. How to check the idle sensor.
Another remark when dismantling is to stop the distance between the sensor and sync. They should have a clearance of 0.6-1.5 millimeters.
The first method of checking with an ohmmeter. You need to measure the winding resistance. The manufacturer indicates a number of 550 to 750 ohms.
But they can be somewhat different. With significant deviations in the testimony you need a replacement of DPKV VAZ 2110 to a similar one.
The design of DPKV is very simple and it rarely fails, the main causes, pollution, mechanical damage or just got marriage.
In the second method, you must also get a voltmeter, inductance meter and a transformer. We measure the resistance as described in the previous method at room temperature.
When replacing the sensor, do not forget about its original position. And observe the distance between the disk of synchronization and the new crankshaft position sensor.
The moment you need to tighten the bolts 8 - 12 N * m. The replacement should be carried out only if you were convinced that this node is not working. The new sensor can lead to incorrect engine operation, usually before installing it is also checked.
The device is modern vehicleIn addition to the usual set of nodes and aggregates, assumes the presence of a large number of electronic devices that play an important role in the operation of the car and comply with the necessary security parameters. The sensor of the crankshaft position is also performing its functions, which is very important for operation and technical status car.
And it should be noted that this electronic device Do not perform control functions. His task is a creative plan, it directly participates in the work of the gas distribution system of the vehicle.
The purpose of the crankshaft position sensor
The regular sensor of the VAZ 2110 crankshaft position is designed to organize the synchronous operation of the phases for fuel injection and transmission of the pulse flow for the ignition of the air-drip mixture in the combustion chamber. When withdrawing this device, the car does not seem to be made from the gas distribution mechanism operation system.
In the VAZ 2110 the crankshaft sensor works on the principle of induction of the electromagnetic field, and the information obtained is translated from the drive generator pulley of the gear-type, which is located next to the generator. It receives a controller, which in the future generates the obtained indicators on the onboard electronic vehicle.
Malfunction of the crankshaft sensor and its diagnostics
Such a malfunction of the VAZ 2110 crankshaft sensor, as a complete failure of the device, does not allow the engine of this car. However, the defects of a smaller plan lead to a number of other faults.
Types of faults:
- incorrect engine operation on small revolutions;
- loss of dynamic characteristics;
- unauthorized increase or decrease in the frequency of crankshaft;
- the appearance of vibration or detonation while increasing the loading force of the motor;
- running an aggregate with interruptions.
Such malfunctions of the VAZ 2110 crankshaft sensor occur for the following reasons:
- defects of the external and internal winding of the device;
- shock effects on the body of the product;
- wiring defects, crankshaft sensor wires and connections in the electrical circuit.
It is necessary to recall that the power separation of the car is subject to the influence of most destructive factors to which various meteorological conditions include temperature differences, stones and dirt penetration road coat, Techs motor oil and other moments related to road traffic. The electrical wire of the crankshaft sensor ideally should always be in a protective braid, intact and without dirt and oil switches.
Checking the help of the crankshaft sensor
The error of the crankshaft sensor of the VAZ 2110, the price of which is relatively acceptable, as well as the refusal of functioning is very similar in its signs with other faults. The exact diagnosis of the crankshaft sensor can be implemented only by dismounting the desired device.
This is carried out in the following sequence:
- disable the ignition system;
- dismantle the terminal connector with the crankshaft sensor wire;
- unscrew the fasteners of the product on the houson pump;
- remove the device.
When conducting a test and diagnostics, a megommeter is required in order to measure the resistance of the device windings. With no measurement values \u200b\u200bwithin the required 550-570 ohms, we conclude that in stock the VAZ 2110 crankshaft sensor malfunction, which needs to be replaced.
Contact service centers about the repair of the product is not needed, such recovery devices are not subject to. The cost of such a product is low, so it is easier to purchase a new device and install it instead of a faulty sensor. Upon receipt of the instrument readings for resistance measurements in normal values, a defect should be sought among other reasons.
Replacing the crankshaft sensor
Such a view repair workHow VAZ 2110 crankshaft sensor replacement is a list of uncomplicated technical workFor which there are enough elementary skills in a locksmith. On the preparatory Stage It is necessary to initially clean the place of work from mud and oil sediments.
After removing the product new element Inserted into the place of faulty, fixed by standard fastener and connects the electrical wire. These actions mean that the replacement of the crankshaft sensor VAZ 2110 finished and it is time to start the engine.
Modern car, be it a foreign car or domestic "VAZ", it is very difficult to imagine without abundance of various electronic systems. All of them in their functionality are divided into several categories. This can be the engine control system, PPC, chassis and salon. Regarding the first time one of the components of such a system is the crankshaft sensor. "VAZ-2110" and its subsequent models are equipped with a conveyor. Well, let's consider the features of this electronic device.
Characteristic
It should be noted that on VAZ-2110 cars, the crankshaft sensor can be referred to as a NTT sensor or DPKV. But no matter how abbreviations did not designate it, of course, it is the only detail whose fault can lead to a complete stop of the operation of the internal combustion engine.
Crankshaft position sensor assignment
The main function of DPKV is the synchronization of the operation of the ignition system and fuel injectors. Thus, a failure in the operation of this element can lead to an unstable functioning of the car injection system. The principle of operation in filing signals about the situation is crankshaft to the electronic control unit.
Device and classification
Despite the fact that the Vase crankshaft sensor may have a different design, the principle of its operation is based on a single electromagnet effect. That is, the signal is formed without direct contact with the crankshaft.
The most common type of DPKV is induction. This item consists of two main elements - the magnetized rod and special winding. Induction sensors read information from the crankshaft. When metal tooth It takes place near DPKV, the latter is formed by the EMF, which the electronics are captured. On the "VAZ-2110" the crankshaft sensor is installed precisely induction type.
Also DPKV can be based on the Hall effect. Such a sensor consists in approximately the same way as induction, however, when the metallic shaft is passed near it, resistance changes in the device's winding. Constructively, it consists of a permanent magnet.
It should be noted that the first, and the second types of sensors are used to read the data from the crankshaft pulley. It can be gear and all-metal. In the last embodiment there is a special excavation that passes by the sensor and generates a signal that is served on the electronic unit motor control vehicle.
Where is installed on the "VAZ-2110" crankshaft sensor?
And the DPKV is located on the bracket near the pulley of the generator drive. This location of the device is very inconvenient for replacement, so the long wire with the connector is additionally connected to it. Usually its length is up to 70-80 centimeters. What this detail looks like you can see in the photo on the right.
When replacing the DPKV, the gap between the pulley and the sensor itself is exposed. Ideally, the distance between the disk of synchronization and the core is no more than one and a half millimeters. This value may vary depending on the location of the pads between the DPKV and the landing socket.
Crankshaft sensor "VAZ-2110": malfunctions and signs of breakdowns
Can this detail be broken? Usually on "VAZ-2110" the crankshaft sensor rarely fails. However, with its faults (or incorrect work, the red check engine "Check Engine" lights up, which is literally translated as "Check the engine". At the same time, code 19 or 35 appears in the controller error memory.
Of course, the worst case when the crankshaft sensor fails is the impossibility of normal launch Engine. In this case, we can say that DPKV does not work at all. The solution of this problem can only be a complete replacement.
Very often the crankshaft position sensor fails gradually. In this case, the driver feels a significant drop in the engine power, "failures" begin and even detonation high revolutions. Also, the symptom of malfunctions of such a device can be floating (unstable) motor turns on the crankshaft sensor sometimes causes increased flow Fuel. Although it is possible, the problem is hiding in a weak contact or in the cutting of the wires, but in any case this item must be checked.
Diagnostics of the device
Checking the performance of the crankshaft position sensor is performed using a special tester. All diagnosis is to measure the resistance of the DPKV winding. Normal values \u200b\u200bmust be between 800 to 900 ohms. If the data obtained is not suitable, you need to check the quality of the contact connection. If it did not help, a new item is purchased. The replacement of the crankshaft sensor is so simple that even a novice motorist can cope with it.
Sometimes it happens that the malfunction this device caused by mechanical damage to the winding. Often it happens when performing any repair work in open space A car either between the teeth of the pulley and the DPKV is formed by any foreign object. In this regard, many motorists recommend carrying a spare position sensor in the trunk. The cost sensor is very small, but it is a colossal importance for the engine.
In order to find out which signs of faults appear at the crankshaft sensor during operation, which is different in a different signaling indicator, it is necessary to understand its design and basic tasks solved by them.
DPKV device and functions
This vehicle assembly allows you to adjust the fuel injection system of your vehicle. In addition, the DPKV is responsible for synchronization when the fuel injectors is fulfilled and the entire ignition system of the machine. The crankshaft position sensor device has the following elements:
- Sample of the kapron frame;
- Steel magnetic cores;
- The winding kit for which a thin copper wire is used;
- Wiring isolation (usually applied resin, enamel).
The main goal of this position sensor is the creation of synchronized operation in the ignition system and when working in the fuel injector kit. With the faulty work of this spare part appears unstable work On time fuel supply. In addition, in full speed your engine can stop dramatically, which will lead to abrasion of valves and cylinders.
How does the fuel system receive a signal from the sensor?
During the operation of the sensor on-board computer (The microcontroller inside the machine) defines the specific position of the piston at a certain point of its operation in each of the cylinders. To regulate the operation using the sensor, the process is built according to the following plan:
- The crankshaft has a special gear wheel, in which 2 cloves are specifically skipped.
- When the crankshaft movement, all the teeth take place next to the DPKV sensor, while strongly distorting the state of its magnetic field.
- As a result, pulses are formed in the inductance of the inductance of this device, which are sent to the onboard computer database. In this case, the missing 2 teeth are a starting or zero point, due to which the computer determines the initial position of the shaft.
- Next, the computer inside the car counts the number of pulses sent by the device and determines the position of the crankshaft in each period of time.
- After that, the reverse signal is sent to the computer to the sensor responsible for the fuel injector triggering, which already gives fuel in the ignition system.
Thus, if DPKV works correctly, the car will work with the greatest productivity by spending the minimum of fuel.
Tip: Learn the cause of the sensor malfunction to you easily help the electric hammers on the VAZ-2110. There is shown the location and combination of all the elements of the car.
Where is the crankshaft position sensor?
This component element is located in the bracket, which is installed in the central pulley area on the generator drive. As a rule, on most modern cars It is not installed in principle, but with a gap 1-1.5 mm near the design of the gentle pulley.
For convenience of disconnecting and adjusting the DPKV to it, 50-70 cm wires are connected to it, which has the necessary keys connectors. To make and adjust the position, it is necessary only to adjust the washer fixed above the landing socket of the element itself. The washer adjustment can be made as you yourself yourself and specialists in the car service - in any case, it will avoid the ambulance of the engine cylinders and significantly reduce fuel consumption.
When faults appear in the crankshaft sensor, the car's on-board computer is deprived of the opportunity to set a number of the characteristics necessary for the operation of the Ignition system:
- Calculate the amount of fuel required for injection;
- Reveal the right time for injection;
- Change the angle of rotation of the camshaft;
- Determine, ignition occurred or not (relevant for gasoline engines).
Tip: The appearance of ignition problems affects all machine systems. Often after the fuel system start breaking the steering rail to VAZ-2114.
Basic signs of DPKV fault
The main signs of troubleshooting when the crankshaft position sensor is operating:
- The process of "detonation" of the engine (a characteristic knock appears during the operation of the hydrocompensators) during the larger load on the car, when driving on high mountain surfaces on low revs.
- The engine works unstable - a sharp drop of revolutions on idling Replaced by the same increasing increase. Also, your car can simply stall when working in both in the process of driving along the track and when stopping for a while, for example, on the traffic light.
- The motor does not gain momentum, although it works at full power.
- The motor power periodically drops and rises in the absence of any external factors affecting this process.
- The aerodynamic characteristics of the car are significantly reduced.
- There are problems when starting the engine (quickly stalls or not start).
- Spark disappears when Ignoring the system - either does not appear, or may not be absent.
In case you have found at least 3 signs from the above, it means that the problem lies in the crankshaft position sensor.
Tip: The specified fault list may also testify to the appearance of other problems when operating the engine. For example, sharp drops in the power of the motor and the reduction of revolutions may indicate a blockage in the fuel pump itself. That is why before repairing you need to diagnose not only the engine, but also the same wheels. What pressure indicators should be on the standards, you can see in the tire pressure table.
How can I check the health of DPKV?
Now, 3 methods can be distinguished from the most popular methods that are conducted quickly and with high accuracy give information about the sensor performance.
When measuring resistance, the winding kit on the sensor can use a special device - an ohmmeter (or in a different multimeter). When checking the device must show a value in the range of 550-750 Ohm.
The verification process - the resistance of the coil in the inductive sensor is measured. If the coil on the sensor turned out to be damaged, then first of all the breakdown will affect the resistance value. That is why the desired range is established at the beginning of the diagnostics and is checked by the correctness of the element.
This type of check is the basic and most elementary, but to give 100% confidence in the serviceability of parts it cannot.
Crankshaft position sensor diagnostics
The second method of checking the sensor for performance is considered more time consuming and requires a whole range of instruments that are only in car service. To carry out work, you will need:
- Megaommeter model;
- Special network transformer data decryption;
- Standard sample inductor meter;
- Normal digital voltmeter.
Tip: When checking DCPV, you need to maintain the temperature in the range of 20-22 degrees. This is necessary to display the correct indicators received by the instrument network.
With an ohmmeter, as before, measuring resistance. With the help of the inductance meter measuring the induction value on the winding. In good condition, the sensor gives a value of 250-400 mp. After that, we measure the meaning of insulation resistance, which at a voltage of 500 V should be 20 mΩ. The network transformer in this method is needed when a periodic magnetization of the sensor occurs. With good condition of the sensor, all received data must be in the established framework.
Diagnostics of signal feed sensor with a crankshaft position using an oscilloscope
This method of diagnosing DCHA can be considered the most accurate, as not only the component of the knee spare part is observed, but its design itself during the operation of the machine. The meaning of the procedure is to connect the oscilloscope to the crankshaft position sensor and tracking the values \u200b\u200boutgoing from it using the program. With this method, there is no need to dismantle the device from the engine - all work is carried out when the car is running.
Stages of performance testing:
- A black clamp is connected, called the "crocodile" among specialists, to the mass of the vehicle being checked;
- Next, the probe is set to the parallel to the signal terminals of the sensor itself (the characteristic connector with the designation of the terminal of the letter A);
- Then the second oscilloscope detection connector must be connected to the corresponding analog input to the computer where the program is installed;
- For proper connection You will see all component wires on the monitor screen from an oscilloscope as a graph with a signal voltage directly at the DCPV input;
- To analyze, you need to select a special display mode of the constructed oscillogram - it calls "inductive_crankshaft". After that, it remains only to start the engine of the car and track the value obtained from the sensor.
When receiving a signal from the sensor, which on output parameters does not match the normal values, you can observe a sharp twitching of the machine's motor, as well as difficulties when it starts. The presence of violation data when analyzing the output signal at DCPV will testify the appearance of faults:
- In the design of the sensor;
- In the element asks the sync;
- In teeth.
Which of the parts of the device eventually came into disrepair, it will be possible to understand only after analyzing the nature of the change in the wave of the device on the oscillogram. As a rule, it is not necessary to replace the sensor itself, but a gear wheel, which during operation has become unusable.
Video: Crankshaft position sensor check
VAZ-2107 crankshaft position sensor, as well as other injection machines, is designed to synchronize the operation of the engine ignition system, as well as fuel injectors. The failure of this part will result in one of three situations: unstable engine operation, incomplete fuel combustion or a complete refusal of the motor.
The most common types of crankshaft sensors are induction. It is such a sensor installed on cars VAZ-2107 injector. They have their own features, advantages and disadvantages, as well as methods of diagnosis and repair. This information will briefly be given later.
Signs of sensor malfunction
The faults described below may be signs of breakdowns and other nodes or mechanisms. However, when at least one of them, it is necessary, including to test the performance of the crankshaft position sensor, the benefit of doing this is not difficult.
So, the signs of the DPKV breakdown are:
- reducing the dynamic characteristics of the machine (this is expressed in poor acceleration and acceleration, most of all this is at low gears);
- "Floating" engine turnover, including idle (although such a factor may occur during movement, which is unfavorable with the uniform movement of the car);
- increased fuel consumption;
- there is a risk of detonation during the development of significant dynamic loads;
- if the crankshaft position sensor is completely out of order, it is impossible to start the engine.
The described causes, besides others, are the consequences of the special design of the DPKV, which is described below.
Crankshaft position sensor design
The design of the DPKV is not relieved, and consists of a small number of items. In particular, its main element is the magnetized steel core, which is wound a thin copper wire. From above, they are covered with plastic (plastic) housing. Naturally, in copper winding, all wires are isolated between themselves (this can be implemented in different ways, for example, by means of a compound resin or conventional insulation of PVC or other material).
Operating principle The devices are as follows. In the immediate vicinity of the sensor rotates the "monitoring" disc with the tooths around the perimeter. Two of them are absent, forming some void. The main task of the sensor is to fix the passage of this site and feed the corresponding signals to the ECU. If he will do it with a delay or with a weak signal, the electronic unit will issue incorrect information in fuel systemand a mixture of non-optimal composition will be formed.
DPKV verification methods
There are three main methods with which you can check the performance of the crankshaft position sensor. It can be done without complicated devices (accuracy in this case is not guaranteed), but necessarily the device must be dismantled before checking. At the same time, denoting its position by tags. This is necessary in order for the subsequent installation you did not have any problems with the start of the engine.
So, the first method of checking is to measure the resistance of the inductor inductor. The most simple method, but it does not give complete confidence in the accuracy of the result. To perform the specified procedure, you need standard electronic multimeterincluded in the insulation resistance measurement mode.
Verification is carried out in pairs on wire outputs. If everything is in order with the insulation, then the corresponding value will be from 500 to 700 ohms. If this value is lower, then the likelihood of the emergency short circuit is great. As a result, the sensor will issue incorrect values.
The second method is to test the inductance of the coil. As for the instruments, then this case You can use directly digital multimeter having inductance measurement mode. Otherwise you need to apply optional equipment With the corresponding function. The inductance value is usually from 200 to 400 guns.
Finally, the third method is to use the oscilloscope. This is the most difficult way to check, however, it gives the most accurate result. In particular, it is possible to not only state the fact of serviceability or malfunction of the coil, but also to estimate its general condition. This becomes possible due to fixing the formation of signals on it.
To work, you will need an electronic oscilloscope, computer and appropriate software For their interaction. To check the engine is launched on idlingand plug in the oscilloscope probe in parallel to the outputs of the crankshaft position sensor.
If it is working, then on the instrument screen you will see an even oscillogram without jerks and breaks. When the latter take place, this means that the sensor is faulty. You can also first remove the DPKV and check it out, having conducted a metal object before its sensitive surface. In this case, on the screen, you will also see how the signal is formed in the sensor coil.
