Sedan Cup Hatchback Wagon Differences. What is a real coupe: we understand the anatomy. The three-volume body has a protruding hood and trunk. Three bonds belong to the least versatile bodies due to the limited possibility of transformation of the cabin and bug

One of the most important criteria to be guided by choosing a car is the body type. The number of types of car bodies over the past 15-20 years has increased almost twice. Manufacturers are increasingly trying to combine several types of body in one car. It is becoming more and more difficult to distinguish one option from another, but we will do it all.

Let's figure out in the classification of car body types

To begin with, we divide all body types into 3 groups: three-volume, double and single-volume.

Three Power

Three Body Bodyhas a protruding hood and trunk. Three-volume belongs to the least universal bodies due to the limited possibility of transformation of the cabin and trunk. This group includes sedans, coupe, cabriolets and pickups.

Sedan, coupe.

The main difference between the sedan's coupe consists in a two-door body. The coupe (from the French "Couper" - cut off) is usually built on the basis of a sedan and has a sports slope (lower body, powerful motors). The coupe does not always have a pronounced three-volume body and in the form often resembles a three-door hatchback. But the hatchback always gives the vertically located trunk door, which the coupe is trying to make the most horizontal.

Convertible, coupe-convertible, roadster.

Convertible is a coupe with a "soft" roof-awning, which develops for rear seats and rises if necessary

But the soft top did not allow to use the car all year round, so in the late 90s began to gain popularity of the new version of the open body - a coupe-cabriolet. At first glance, this is the usual coupe, but it is worth clicking on the desired button, and the rigid metal roof rises and gently folds into the trunk, turning the coupe into a convertible.

Double convertible (without a second row of seats) is called Roger.

Roger Porsche Boxster Roadster Audi TTS

Pickup.

Pickup Mitsubishi L200.

Pickup is a body with an open truck separated from the salon with a rigid partition. Simply put, this is a reduced copy of the usual truck. Most often, this body is confused with a van. In order not to make mistakes, it is enough to remember that Pick-Up in English means including "pick up", "pick up", then you mean - throw in the body quickly ... most pickups are built on one platform with SUVs and have good Patency. As we have, and in the whole of Europe, pickups are not particularly popular, but in the USA from them crazy.

Double-pixels

In a two-capacity body There is no protruding trunk, and its lid opens only with glass and is considered another door.

Double bodies include hatchbacks, universal, as well as crossover and SUVs created on their base. Double bodies are highlighted by the most accommodated trunk (universals) and compact sizes (hatchbacks - "hatchback", you can translate English as the "Rear Door"). At the same time, the universals and hatchbacks have a folding rear seat, which makes it possible to significantly increase the volume of the trunk and in characteristics always indicate its minimum (i.e. with decomposed seats) and maximum (with folded seats) value.

Hatchback, wagon.

Hatchback Skoda Fabia. New and Universal Skoda Fabia New Combi

The main difference between the hatchback from the station wagon is the value (length) of the trunk.

Liftbek Skoda Octavia. New

In addition to the usual hatchback, there is still a lifbec - hatchback with almost a three-billing body. Liftback The trunk lid has a small ledge and resembles a sedan, but opens with the rear glass.

The hatchbacks are very popular in Europe, but we are only gaining popularity, and mainly thanks to Liftbacks (due to similarities with sedans).

The main advantage of the hatchback is its compactness and maneuverability, but the wagon always wins in terms of the volume of the trunk.

SUV.

Crossover, though it tries to look like an SUV, but can not boast And impressive And very often inferior to an SUV in height. Sometimes they are called "Parcattails", probably with a hint that such a "SUV" is suitable for riding on parquet, and not truly off-road ...

Crossover Nissan Qashqai.

In addition, more often crossovers are created on the basis of hatchbacks and differ from them only elevated road clearance and big wheels.

Recently, the popularity of crossovers around the world has grown very much. Despite the fact that the first crossovers appeared relatively recently (mid-90s), almost every manufacturer already has in its model row Such a body or plans to add it in the near future.

Single complisters

Single-volume The body does not have a far-speaking hood and trunk - the engine and the luggage compartment are almost in the cabin. Single bodies are proud of the huge number of transformation options for their spacious salons.

The "one-unified" bodies include the most "young" types of body: minivans, compact holds, microvany - that is practically all buses of any size. You can distinguish these body options in the size of the machine and by the number of seventive rows.

Minivan.

The compactment is based on the microvain and minivan, length from 4.2 to 4.5 meters. At the same time, some compact holdes may have a third nearby seats. The first "compacts" saw the light in the mid-90s. In fact, it is a bit reduced (compact) version of the minivan.

Mikrovan

Mikrovan Nissan Note.

Mikrovan is simply enlarged in size (height) hatchback with a more spacious interior. In Microvane, there is no third row of seats. Length does not exceed 4.2 meters. The first microvans appeared only 5-7 years ago, but are already rapidly gaining popularity in Europe and even on our roads can be found more and more.

The differences are increasingly

Gradually, the difference between types is becoming less noticeable. What is only sedan hatchback Skoda Superb. (The trunk lid opens with glass and without it) or almost single-visuous Honda Civic hatchback.

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Now let's talk about the types of body, because from this an important parameter It depends not only the cost and prestige of the car, but also comfort and even safety.

The most popular types of car bodies:

• sedan
• hatchback
• sUV
• universal
• minivan

There are also such types of body as elefbeck, limousine, pickup, van, convertible, roadster.

Let's consider the types presented Read more.

Sedan

Such a car has a protruding hood and trunk, separated from the passenger compartment and with a separate door.
A sedan can have an elongated wheelbase - in this case, the sedan refers to premium cars and in its name there is a letter L, from long. - a long.

Sedan is the most common and popular body type all over the world. This is a classic and prestigious body that does not lose its popularity in Belarus.

Hatchback

Second place in the popularity of the body is occupied by the Hatchback cars. Their main difference from the sedan is the lack of a protruding trunk. This role in the "truncated" rear of the car performs a luggage niche closing with a massive rear door.

The reason for the popularity of hatchbacks in Europe is their compact dimensions and maneuverability. There are also a special appearance of this type of body - Liftback. In the lifbeca, the trunk lid is available, but opens with the rear glass.

Coupe

Usually a coupe (from FR. "Couper" - cut off) is created by companies that produce powerful sports cars. A bright representative of this type of body is Porsche 911. As a rule, the coupe car is designed for two passengers, has two doors and a constructively separated trunk. The roof of the coupe from behind has a swollen shape, and the body "pressed" to the ground, which allows to achieve a sport style.

A separate view of the coupe is cabriolet - Instead of a rigid roof in a "soft" folding roof, which rises and folds as needed.
Convertible, designed exclusively for two people - the driver and passenger, is called roadster.

Universal

Universal - a compromise between a passenger and truck. These are created on the basis of hatchbacks Cars with an elongated body and a large volume of accommodated luggage. Passenger seats in station worst folded and remove, significantly increasing the space of the car and the capacity of the cargo. The wagon can have 3 or 5 doors.

SUV

SUV or SUV - SPORT UTILITY VEHICLE - car type with increased patency and enlarged road lumen. The SUV (jeep) is distinguished by impressive dimensions, fully drive and downstream. In essence, the SUV is a wagon suitable for off-road. Often the SUV has a frame body.

Separately, you can highlight Crossovers, or "PARKTERS" - so often call cars, the running properties of which do not allow them to be attributed to the "real" SUV. The crossover combines the properties of a jeep and station wagon (hatchback), it is more modest in size compared to the SUV, and its clearance is less. Recently, the popularity of crossovers is growing rapidly.

Minivan

The main difference of the minivan is the presence of a third row of seats, as well as an impressive length. Often minivans are equipped with shifting doors. Minivans are designed to transport passengers. Seven people are placed in the minivan salon.
Minivans on the basis of vans received a separate name - minibuses. They accommodate up to 16 people.

Volkswagen Touran.

Pickup

Pickup is a light weight freight car With an open freight platform from behind. Pickups in the United States are especially popular.

Implementation of the body as a carrier part a passenger car It made it possible to significantly expand the number of types of body types. But among the variety of types of bodies, there are most popular among motorists. The leader among the types of carrier part is the sedan, but recently, it is a good competition for the "hatchback" body. Each of them has its differences, as well as positive and negative sides. We will try to figure out what the features of the bodies of the sedan and hatchback, as well as their advantages and disadvantages.

Sedan

Classic hatchback and sedan

The main difference between the sedan is a three-billboard layout, in which the design is divided into three parts - motor compartment, Salon for passengers and luggage compartment. Between themselves these parts are separated by partitions, which makes each body volume separated from the other. As for the number of doorways, this type of body doors can be both two and four.

As the automotive development improves, various versions of sedans have been produced, having certain features in the body design. The main varieties of Sedan type bodies are:

1. classical;
2. hardtop;

Video: What is better, sedan or hatchback?

Honors of the classic sedan is about the same dimensions motor and luggage compartments. Over time, to reduce the parameters of the car, which the "classics" was usually significant, the length of the luggage compartment began to decrease, while increasing its height to compensate for the useful volume. Ultimately, this led to the formation of a wedge-shaped body, which now have all modern sedans. Representatives of classic sedans are very much, since this type of body is the most popular. Examples in the domestic automotive industry are all the "classic" models of VAZ (except VAZ-2102 and 2104 universal), VAZ-21099, 2110, 2115, all models "Volga".

From foreign cars by representatives of sedans are Toyota Corolla, Mitsubishi Lancer., BMW 5th, 7th series. In general, cars in the body sedan are manufactured by almost all automakers.

Mercedes-Benz Cl-class in the Body "Hardtop"

The feature of the body "Hardtop" was the lack of central lines of the salon compartment. If in the classic version, the front and rear doors were separated by a rack stretching from the floor to the roof, then Hardtop was removed from her. At the same time, usually the doors did not have a glass frame, or they were retractable with glass at the door. Special popularity cars with the body "Sedan-Hardtop" were not made, and now they are practically not produced. A bright representative of cars in this body is Chevrolet Impala. And Cadillac de Ville Hardtop.

It is noteworthy that the two-door versions of "hardtop" are still found, but most of them refer to the type "coupe".

The "Fastbek" body was different from the "Classics" and "Hardtop" very poorly expressed in the silhouette of the car by the third compartment of the trunk. This was achieved thanks to a very smooth transition from the roof of the car to the rear. At the same time, the baggage compartment, although it was separate, but externally, it was as integrated into the salon. A representative of the car with this body is the "Victory" gas.

In modern automotive, there is another type of body - "Liftbek", which is a transitional model between sedan and hatchback. Its main difference is hidden in that externally there is a pronounced luggage compartment, but the body itself is a two-volume and baggage compartment is inside the cabin. Of modern carsThe Skoda Superb can be noted in the body of Liftbek.

From the positive qualities of cars in the body of the sedan notes:

1. a more presentable and solid view of the car;
2. the presence of a separate trunk;
3. more fast warming Salon in winter due to a small volume;
4. the best passenger security when hit behind (the trunk plays the role of buffer).

But there are also disadvantages from which the most obvious are considered:

• the worst maneuverability of the car at the expense of large dimensions;
• complete parking due to the worst sense of car dimensions;
• limited volume of luggage compartment;
• lower body strength due to a large rear swell.

Video: Lesson 2 - types of cars, hatchback, sedan, station wagon, body types, SUV, crossover, parcktails

Hatchback

We turn to the hatchbacks. Its basic distinctive feature It comes down to a two-blank layout, that is, there is only a motor compartment and a salon. Moreover, the latter combines and place for passengers, and the luggage compartment. If a sedan has a special cover to access the trunk, the hatchback is equipped with an extra rear door. It is believed that the hatchbacks include only a car with a hiding rear door. But there are vertical versions rear door (VAZ "Oka", Daewoo Matiz.). Due to the presence of an additional door in the design, the total number of the Hatchback type cars (3 or 5 doors).

Such a layout of the body allowed to reduce the rear Sve and as a result, the dimensions of the car itself. Moreover, items that allows you to visually determine what type of body belongs. For example, one of the main differences between the hatchback and the universal is just the size of the rear swell.

A kind of hatchback is Liftbek. The main difference between the Liftback from the hatchback is the same Sve length, the first is somewhat more. Additionally, on some eletbeks, the luggage compartment may be a bit expressed, which visually gives such a car the appearance of the sedan, but with a shorten trunk. And here the main difference from the sedan is the back door. Liftbucks it is solid and includes rear windows. An example of such a leafbeck is the ZAZ "Slavuta", which has a car's feed visually a trunk, but it is closed by a stepped back door. The SKODA Superb mentioned already has a two-section rear door on some generations - you can only open a part of the door covering the trunk, or completely lift the door, together with glass.

The advantages of hatchback are considered:

1. the presence of sports notes in appearance;
2. easy access to the trunk at the expense of large dimensions of the rear door;
3. the possibility of transporting overall cargo (after folding the reverse seating, which allows the use of part of the cabin as a luggage compartment);
4. improved car maneuverability due to smaller overall dimensions.

But this type of body is also enough:

• increased noise in the cabin (can give a shelf separating the luggage compartment from the cabin, the massive back door, the cargo itself, because it is essentially located in the cabin and separate only the back of the rear seat and the shelf);
• when opening the rear door to the cargo department, the air from the outside enters the salon (especially this deficiency is manifested in winter);
• the need for greater time to warm out the cabin due to its increased size).

Hatchback representatives are - Toyota Yaris, Seat Leon, Nissan Micra. and etc.

As you can see, each of the types of body types of passenger cars has its own as positive qualities, so negative properties. When purchasing a car, each itself decides which car it is more suitable.

The number of types of car bodywork over the past 15 years has increased almost twice. Manufacturers are increasingly trying to combine several types of body in one car. It is becoming more and more difficult to distinguish one option from another, but we will do it all.

To begin with, we divide all body types into 3 groups: three-volume, double and single-volume.

Conservatives

The three-volume body has a protruding hood and trunk. Three-volume belongs to the least universal bodies due to the limited possibility of transformation of the cabin and trunk. This group includes sedans, coupe, cabriolets and pickups.

Sedan, coupe

The brightest representative of the three-volume body is a sedan who is present in the model range of almost all manufacturers. The sedan is considered the most conservative (classic) and prestigious body type. The sedan is of great popularity on our roads, where "Prestige is all", and the machines are divided into sedans and not sedans.

Convertible is a coupe with a "soft" roof-awning, which develops behind the rear seats and rises if necessary

But the soft top did not allow to use the car all year round, so in the late 90s began to gain popularity of the new version of the open body - a coupe-cabriolet. At first glance, this is the usual coupe, but it is worth pressing the desired button, and the rigid metal roof rises and gently folds into the trunk, turning the coupe into a convertible.

Double convertible (without a second row of seats) is called Roger (for example).

Pickup

Pickup is a body with an open truck separated from the salon with a rigid partition. Simply put, this is a reduced copy of the usual truck. Most pickups are built on one platform with SUVs and have good permeability. As we have, and in the whole of Europe, pickups are not particularly popular, but in the USA from them crazy.

Liberals

There is no protruding trunk at the two-volume body, and its cover is opened only with glass and is considered another door.

Double bodies include hatchbacks, universal, as well as crossover and SUVs created on their base. Double bodies are highlighted by the most spacious trunk (universals) and compact sizes (hatchbacks).

Hatchback, Universal

The development of modern infrastructure gave impetus to the widespread dissemination of various variations of passenger cars for urban traffic and long-distance transport. Hatchbacks and universals are particularly popular among domestic consumers.

But, what does the hatchback differ from the wagon? And also what are their advantages over "classic" sedans? In this article, we will answer the most common issues of motorists.

Hatchback is a variation of a passenger car with a shortened sink, the back door-"hatch" and the luggage compartment of a small volume combined with the interior. Depending on the specific configuration, in the car can be 1 (less often) or 2 rows of seats, 3 or 5 doors. The luggage compartment can be significantly increased by simply folding the rear seats.

The appearance of hatchbacks was the result of the growing demand for the city car, behind the wheel of which the driver would feel comfortable in dense city traffic per hour of peak. The border of the housing passes along the edge of the rear wheels. Layout in most cases provides for front-wheel drive With a transverse engine. These decision makes it possible to significantly increase car maneuverance, make possible parking in difficult conditions.

A beginner who only finished a driving school, will feel confident in the hatchback, because it is much better than the body dimensions.

Once again, we pay attention to the characteristic distinctive features:

• Cropped back Svez - thanks to this feature of the hatchback it is easy to distinguish from other modifications in appearance;
• The volume of the trunk is less spacious than in universes or other variations;
• In the back of the wall there is a door. In some cases, glass in it can be opened separately.

Due to the fact that the salon is actually combined with trunk, passengers can complain about the unpleasant odor, outgoing from the trunk, if specific foods are regularly transported, motor oils etc.

Universal: Everything I take with you!

The wagon is a five-door passenger car on the basis of a sedan of the same model in which 4 doors are located on the sides pairwise, and one in the back of the body. The latter is vertically and is a lid. luggage compartmentthat communicates with the interior machine.

If necessary, the volume of the luggage compartment can be increased by folding the rear row of the seats (as well as in the hatchback, which we talked above).

Of all the types of passenger cars, the universals are best adapted for cargo transportation, so they have been widely popular with people working with dimensional baggage for many years.

Class flaws, as a rule, include increased injuries among passengers as a result of an accident. When a collision, cargo from the trunk can fly into the salon. In some countries, rules road The use of a special dividing grid that protects people from force majeure situations is prescribed.

The main differences of the hatchback from the universal

General features inherent in hatchback and universal - both classes are a modified sedan with the actual combined lounge and trunk.

The differences of the hatchback from the universal are as follows:

• The size of the luggage compartment is in the hatchback it is significantly less. The station wagon is free and easy to be purchased by private entrepreneurs and average companies for these purposes;
• Hatchback is distinguished by a more elegant design of the back of the body. The inclined door looks much more beautiful than the strict vertical ot of the wagon. Women often make a choice based on this;
• Wagon is longer than hatchback. This can be a significant disadvantage in urban environments, if the car is used only for the transport of passengers, but when it comes to overall cargo, it is definitely an advantage;
• Hatchback can be supplied in the "sports" 3-door configuration;
• Universals, as a rule, are more expensive than the hatchbacks of the same series.

Both classes of passenger cars discussed in this article occupy their niche in the domestic market and are in demand among Russian motorists due to their peculiarities.