(AKB) is one of the most important knots of the car. It provides the electricity starter when running the motor, and is also responsible for the work of many other devices when disabled Engine: Lights backlighting the instrument and salon panel, radio, radio, signal, fuel pump and etc. Normal work All systems are possible only with a charged battery. That is why it must be serviced and charged on time.
But often happens quite the opposite. Come in the garage or parking, try to start the engine, but in response the starter gives you either the sounds of incredible efforts to raise a little flywheel, or simply clicks and in addition to everything on dashboard Light lamp indicating discharge rechargeable battery.
In order not to fall into such situations, you need to systematically make the battery diagnostics, but for starters, let's figure it out why it is discharged.
Causes of Battery Discharge
The reasons due to which the battery is discharged, there may be several. Here is some of them:
- the battery fully spent its resource;
- malfunction of the generator;
- current leakage;
- unauthorized operation of electrical appliances when not working engine.
Why is this happening
Any battery has a certain resource, even with timely maintenance. Modern batteries, depending on the operating conditions, can serve as 3 to 7 years. After this period, the car battery voltage gradually begins to decrease. It is connected with the destruction of lead plates, which, unfortunately, cannot be avoided over time. Of course, you can try to restore the battery, but it will not work as new, it will not be.
When the generator malfunctions, the car battery charging voltage jumps, falls or is absent at all. In this case, the battery works in emergency mode, which can lead not only to its discharge, but also to the failure of it.
Current leakage is one of the main reasons for the battery discharge. It is easily determined using an ammeter or multimeter included in its mode. Measuring the current between the removed mass terminal and the minus determining the leakage value. If it is above 80 mA, you should immediately contact the service for finding the leakage and elimination of the problem.
Often the owners of the machines independently install additional electrical appliances (columns, subwoofers, lighting elements, a variety electronic devices), not even guessing that significantly exceed the magnitude of the load of the network provided by the passport data of the car. It inevitably leads to the fact that the generator ceases to cope with this load, and part of it is overlapped at the expense of the AKB.
It happens that unlucky drivers, sometimes leaving the car, simply forget to turn off the dimensions, radio tape recorder, interior lighting or other electricity consuming. Such inattention is also the cause of rapid battery discharge.
On time not served battery will never work long. Even if the battery is installed in your auto, you need to constantly look after it and periodically charge it.
Methods for checking the state of the battery
It is impossible to determine the status of the acb in one way. Do not listen to "specialists", claiming that, measuring the voltage of the car battery or its current, can be concluded about its performance. This is a comprehensive process that includes the following activities:
- visual inspection;
- determining the level of electrolyte;
- determination of electrolyte density;
- battery voltage measurement.
Visual interviewing battery
The first thing that can be done to establish the operation of the battery is to inspect it. Appearance Creates to tell about many things.
Mud interspersed with moisture and automotive liquids on terminals - an invalid phenomenon. It leads to oxidation of metal parts and loss of electrical contact. As a result, at best, we can get a self-discharge, in the worst - short circuit. If the battery is dirty, do not be lazy to check the self-discharge current to make sure that it is necessary to maintain purity under the hood. To do this, take an ammeter, disconnect the wires from the battery, touch one probe to one of the terminals, and simply swap the battery case. The value indicated on the screen of the ammeter and will be a self-discharge current.
Next, take a look at the battery case. The presence of cracks and drills on it indicates mechanical damage that caused the electrolyte leakage. If this happened, use this battery further inexpedient. When there are drums from under the plugs, it is necessary to check the amount of electrolyte in each of the cans and eliminate the cause of its pouring.
How to set the electrolyte level
Check the level is possible only in the serviced battery. It is ultimately not recommended to disturb the integrity of the housing of the maintenance-free battery for conducting unforeseen "maintenance".
If the battery is served, you need to remove it, clean from dirt and unscrew the plugs. The level measurement is performed using a special tube with a millimeter scale. It falls into the can before contact with the upper plate of the separator, the hole is pushed with his finger on top. When pulling out, you can easily determine the electrolyte level. It should not be less than 10 mm. If the electrolyte level is less than the specified value, it is necessary to determine the reason for its decrease. It usually falls due to the usual bumping and evaporation. In this case, you just need to add distilled water into banks.
If the level decreased due to the spilling of the electrolyte, it is necessary to attach the finished electrolyte. After the attachment of the AKB must be recharged.
How to determine the density of the electrolyte
The main factor affecting the car battery voltage is the electrolyte density. It is possible to measure it only with the help of a special device - an areaometer. It is a large pipette with a rubber pear above, scale and float inside. Density measurement, naturally, can also be made only in the servants serviced. But what should be its magnitude?
The density of the electrolyte for a fully charged battery at a temperature of 20 0 s is 1.27 g / cm 3. When the battery is discharged, this indicator is reduced.
Rechargeable battery voltage measurement
What car battery voltage should be to start the engine? There is no certain answer here and can not be.
It is known that the voltage of the charged battery of the car should be 12.6-12.7 V. depending on different conditions This indicator can change slightly, but if the charge fell below 12 V, the battery can be considered 50% discharged. It urgently needs to be charged, because deep discharge Inevitably lead to sulfation of lead plates. But with this indicator it is quite possible. Provided that the battery does not need a repair, and the generator gives charging, you can safely ride. But if the voltage does not exceed 11.6 V, the battery is considered fully discharged, and its further operation is impossible without diagnostics and charging.
Measure the amount of battery voltage is easy. To do this, it will be necessary to disconnect the wires from it, and to the terminals to connect the contacts of the voltmeter or the multimeter in its mode, exposing a limit within 20 V.
What depends the car battery voltage. The degree of discharge of AKB
Now let's try to figure out how the basic parameters of the battery are interconnected. The car battery voltage directly depends on the density of the electrolyte. When the acid is consumed, which is part of (36%) electrolyte. As a result, its density falls. The reverse process occurs when charging the battery: water flow leads to the formation of an acid, in the end, the electrolyte density is growing.
The voltage of the charged accumulator of the car (12.7 V) corresponds to the density of 1.27 g / cm 3. With a decrease in one of the indicators, the other decreases.
Table of the dependence of the battery voltage from the density of the electrolyte
Electrolyte density, g / cm 3 | The degree of blockage of AKB,% |
|
How density of electrolyte and the battery voltage on the ambient temperature depends
From car owners often have to hear that the car battery voltage in winter can significantly decrease. You will leave, they say, a car for several days in the cold, and everything, then you do not start. That is why some of them remove and take the battery home.
What happens inside the battery when low temperatures And what can it lead to? In fact, the car battery voltage does not fall in winter. Yes, the density of the electrolyte changes, but it grows on the charged battery, and the discharged - falls. In other words, if the battery is discharged, it is necessary or charged, or carry it with you. Otherwise, it not only will not be able to start the engine in the frost, it can freeze the electrolyte, which will lead to the body break.
The charged battery does not threaten anything like this. Yes, sometimes there are problems with the start of the engine, but only due to the fact that at low temperatures, chemical processes proceed much slower, so the battery may not be issued to the power required. But it is enough to make it in heat and sustain a little, and it will again be ready to work as before. Therefore, the normal car battery voltage for winter period No different from the indicators for the summer.
How to charge AKB
There are four ways to charge the battery. Each of them has its advantages and disadvantages. Let's wonder them.
Car battery is the basis for the operation of all electronics in the car. It recharges through the generator and constantly nourishes everything. electrical elements in system. His malfunction can lead to the wrong operation of the car, so it is worth monitoring its performance.
The battery voltage is one of the main performance indicators. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly check it and control the level of charging so that it does not fall below the norm. This will be discussed in our article.
Normal voltage of AKB
Normal battery voltage is the one that is achieved when it is complete. In the battery, this indicator is 12.65 V. It can be exceeded and strive up to 14.5 V, which is still considered the norm. This indicates the health of the battery and its normal functioning.
If the indicator falls less than 12.65 V, then this indicates problems with the level of charge. The lower the voltage, the lower the charge level in the device. When falling, it is often a deterioration in the properties of the AKB without the possibility of their recovery.
Important! Drop the charge level up to 11.9 V is considered safe. Wherein specifications Devices will not suffer, the deterioration of properties is also not observed.
With a low voltage, problems occur in the car. It makes it difficult for the work of the starter, all electrical appliances in the cabin also work with interruptions. This significantly affects their further efficiency, so it is impossible to drive with a faulty battery.
How to measure the voltage on the battery
You can measure this indicator by means of a special instrument - a multimeter. It is very common when working with electronics, so it can be purchased at the nearest specialized store. It is recommended to purchase electronic variantWhat will increase the measurement accuracy.
Important! Measurement of voltage by means of an on-board computer of the car (diagnostics) inefficiently. Often such systems are mistaken, they measure the indicators indirectly.
For measurement there are two methods:
In the first case, the check is carried out on the engine running. The multimeter is connected to both battery terminals so that the chain is closed. As a result, the device demonstrates the current voltage.
With the engine running this the indicator varies in the range of 13.5-14 V. If the voltage in the device is above this threshold, then there is an underwear. In this case, the generator works in reinforced mode, striving to quickly charge it.
Interesting! High voltage at the car factory is natural, because after the night the battery could be a bit discharged.
If the voltage is increased, then you need to wait a couple of minutes. If the indicator fell to the norm, then the device is in order. Otherwise, a recharging is possible, which leads to a booming of electrolyte.
If this indicator is less than 13V engine running, then there is an underwear of the battery. It is worth remembering that the check is carried out when the stove is turned off, headlights and other elements of the system consuming a lot of energy. If in this case, the index is low, the device loses its resource.
Important! Low voltage can also indicate the generator failure. It is worth checking the performance of this item, for which there are special methods.
Check when not working engine
This method is more common, as pretty simple. But he has one drawback - he does not reveal problems with the generator. If only the voltage of the battery is interested, he fully justifies himself.
It is necessary to measure the indicator through terminals. To do this, they are placed the cream multimeter - the chain closes. The device must be on the screen indication in the range of 12.5-14 V. This is a normal voltage sufficient for the further work of the car. If the indicator is below this threshold, then there is an underwear. As a result, problems may arise with the start of the car.
This method is simpler and effective, because reflects the current battery status. If the voltage level is sufficient, then the one returns to the place and connects to the car. Otherwise, it is necessary to determine the cause of such a state.
Causes of low voltage
Most frequent cause Low Voltage Battery - low level Charge. However, there may be other associated with the work of the AKB. You can check by several steps:
The first task is to inspect the device. It is necessary to remove the lid on the banks and analyze the electrolyte inside. If the fluid level is low, then this is an explicit reason for the shortage. It is also worth checking the state of the electrolyte, the presence of precipitate and mucus. If such factors are detected, this indicates the gradual destruction of the panels. In this case, it is necessary to replace the electrolyte, and in the near future it is to buy a new battery.
After that, the generator is checked. If an externally battery is fully working, then the reason may be in charge problems. It is necessary to diagnose the generator, which can be done independently or in specialized service. If everything is in order with him, the following steps will help to identify the reason.
- from 12.4 V - from 90 to 100% charge;
- from 12 to 12.4 V - from 50 to 90%;
- from 11 to 12 V - from 20 to 50%;
- less than 11 V - up to 20%.
Important! If the charge falls below 50%, it significantly affects the operation of the battery and destroys it. It is important to prevent such a drawdown.
After determining the level, you must start charging the battery.
Accumulator charging
Charging is carried out through charger and multimeter. It is necessary to disconnect the acb and attribute it to the workshop. Next you need to connect to the charger. It is important not to confuse the terminals, connecting - and + to the corresponding contacts.
Next, you need to start charging. Voltage must be set in the range of 12-14 VWhat is enough for a normal reaction. As for the current, it is better to install it here, as 10% of the total capacity of the battery. There is a charging method with a subsequent reduction of current, but for this you need to be distracted by the device that is inconvenient.
For complete charging, it will take about 24 hours. If the bar is old or badly discharged, it may be needed a little more. In the process of charging, it is worth checking the voltage by a multimeter to determine the full charge. It comes with indicators at 13-14 V.
Important! If you charge the device does not come out even after day, he lost its resource. It is impossible to fix it, but you need to purchase a new one.
These methods will allow you to determine the battery voltage, check its performance and restore it. And the video below will allow you to better disassemble the process of charging the device and even speed up by simple tips:
Car battery ( AKcumulant B.atarea) is one of the most important parts of the car. The battery provides electricity: electrical lamps in headlights, backlighting the instrument and interior panel, electronic system of the car, fuel pump, car radio and other vehicles, as well as the most consumed load source - starter when starting the engine. The normal operation of all vehicles of the car is possible only with a properly operated battery. It must be serviced and charged on time.
Normal characteristics of AKB
- 12.6 - 12.9 V
- electrolyte density 1.27 g / cm3 (at + 20 ° C)
When is it necessary to charge the battery?
- electrolyte density lower 1.26 g / cm3
- akb voltage without load (with a crowded terminal) less than 12.6 V.
- the electrolyte density in different banks is different than on 0.02 g / cm3
The car battery voltage directly depends on the density of the electrolyte. When the battery is discharged, Acid expenditure occurs, which is part of (36%) electrolyte. As a result, its density falls.
The reverse process occurs When charging the battery: Water consumption leads to the formation of acid, in the end, the density of the electrolyte grows.
The voltage of the charged battery car is 12.7 V at a density of 1.27 g / cm3.
With a decrease in one of the indicators, the other decreases.
Watch the table of the dependence of the battery voltage from the density of the electrolyte
|
Electrolyte density, g / cm 3 |
Car battery charge voltage, in |
The degree of blockage of AKB,% |
| 12,7 | 0 | |
| 1,25 | 13,5 | |
| 1,23 | 25,0 | |
| 1,2 | 45,0 | |
| 1,15 | 75,0 | |
| 1,11 | 11,6 |
Electrolyte density and battery voltage strongly depends on temperature ambient. Normal tension Car battery for winter and summer is the same, and the electrolyte density changes in the winter - it grows in the charged battery, and the discharged - falls.
Therefore, the battery must be kept in a charged state or as some motorists remove and take the battery to the house. Otherwise, the battery will not only be able to start the engine in the frost, but it can freeze the electrolyte and can even break the case.
The frozen electrolyte in the battery will lead the battery into disrepair, the frozen battery cannot be restored. At density 1.2 g / cm3 Electrolyte freezing temperature about -20 ° C.
Table for electrolyte reading amendment at ambient temperature.
|
Electrolyte temperature, ° C |
Advance Amendment, g / cm 3 |
It is also necessary to monitor the level of electrolyte. It should not be no lower than the label from the side of the battery. If the surface of the electrolyte is poorly visible, you can highlight a flashlight. If the electrolyte level is less than the specified value, it is necessary to determine the reason for its decrease. It usually falls due to scuffing and evaporation from too much voltage on-board network car. In this case, you need to measure the voltage. Battery Charging Voltage by car when engine running 14.1 ± 0.2 V.
How to charge the battery?
Before charging car battery It is necessary to clean from dirt and unscrew all 6 plugs, since the charge will abundantly be abundantly.
If there is the ability to adjust the charge voltage on the charger, then before connecting the terminals, we reduce the current to a minimum, then set the voltage 14 - 14.4 V.Control the charge on the ammeter.
Charge the battery is preferably a current equal to 0.05 - 0.1 from its rated tank. For example, for a battery with a capacity 60 a / h The optimal charging current is 3 - 6a.
It is better to keep a smaller charging current - the battery charges deeper, but the charging time will be longer. It is timeally desirable to level the density of the battery electrolyte with a low current, for example, if the electrolyte density in different batteries can differ by ± 0.01 g / cm3. To do this, install the charging current About 1a. Charge the acb in this way about a day.
Signs of the end of charging: the stormy gas release and for 2 hours the absence of a change in the electrolyte density.
When operating the battery on the car, its charge occurs at constant voltage. The level of battery voltage by car when the engine running is: 14.1 ± 0.2 V.
To control the battery, it will be convenient to use the digital voltage indicator of the car on-board network. It can be done or buy in our store ready and configured. Digital auto network voltage indicator + thermometer
With a decrease in the temperature, the battery efficiency on the car decreases (the internal resistance of the AKB increases, the current consumption of the starter is increasing with a cold engine factory). Therefore, the battery when it is charged from the on-board network of the car does not always restore its capacity after a complete discharge.
Normal car generator operation
- voltage at the Accord terminals when operating the engine on different revs and the light included 13.9 - 14.3 V
In winter, it is advisable periodically (at least once a month) to charge the battery charger as written above.
Table of sources of electricity consumption of a car and an approximate current in amperes
|
Consumer name |
Approximate current, and |
| Ignition | |
| Starter (with car factory) | |
| parking lights | |
| Middle Light | |
| Far light | |
| Fog (PTF) | |
| Running lights | |
| Heating rear window | |
| Heater Fan: 1st Speed | |
| Heater Fan: 2nd Speed | |
| Wiper: 1st position | |
| Wiper: 2nd position | |
| Car radio | |
| TOTAL: |
about 40 A. |
How to start your car from another car?
The first way. Remove the discharged battery from your car and put a charged battery of another car to this place. Observe polarity! ( + and -) When the car got across the battery, we change in place.
In order to avoid short circuit - do not touch the wires with each other and the red (plus) with the car body!
The second way. For "chicken" from another car, thick well insulated wires are needed with the "crocodile" clamps. On these wires will "leak" current 150-200 amps!
1. Disconnect the minus or positive terminal of your car and the other. It is necessary to take out to be removed in order to additionally do not take a current for its (discharged) battery from another (charged). And you need to remove from another car in order not to damage the "tender" electronic systems Modern cars.
2. Connect red wirefor cigarette i from plus terminal On a charged battery.
2. Connect the other end red wire with red plus terminal His car.
3. Connect black wire with minus terminal On a charged battery.
4. Connect the other end black wire for mass His car. Preferably away from the battery itself and fuel wires to avoid fire from the spark. It can be: car vessel without paint, engine, chassis. At the moment of the connection, a small spark is allowed, as a result of the load connection.
5. Contact connected wires should be good! Wires should not touch the moving parts of the car.
6. Run a car with charged batteries.
7. After the engine started in place in place, the previously thrown the terminal of his discharged battery and let him work for a few minutes.
8. Disconnect the wires in the reverse sequence. First black wire. When the black wire is completely disconnected, remove the red.
The car battery consists of 6 elements connected in series. Each bank has a full charge of 2,10-2.15 V, so the general voltage is summed, is 12.6 - 12.8 V. What voltage of the battery after the stump is turned off? When installing the battery, the voltage value after charging should be 12.4 V. This is normal. The battery of the car starter, during the start of the engine is discharged, during the movement restores energy from the machine generator. If the voltage in the battery is reduced to 12 V, the device requires charging from the network. A large charge loss in banks is characterized as a deep discharge that destroys the battery.
The car operated with the advantage of long runs has time to fully recharge the generator for the next start. But his charge will not be complete. The degree of charging battery can be determined by voltage on terminals. The smaller the value, the weaker the concentration of electrolyte in banks.
Check the battery charge, you can use the multimeter. You should set the graduation of the "alternating current" and measure the indicator on the terminals. You can determine the level of charge by electrolyte density.
The degree of charging the car battery is determined by voltage as in the table.
To raise the battery capacity, you must charge it with a special charger. This is a voltage converter, rectifier. Batteries are served, maintenance-free, gel, AGM, lithium. Voltage and charging current differs in voltage, time, duration of cycles. There are universal memory, designed to switch modes for different models Akb, regulation of parameters.
Voltage on battery terminals when charging
To charge the battery from the charger, choose mode with dC or voltage. Both are equally effective, but apply to different batteries. In the process of charging and operating the battery, it is necessary to measure voltage measurements on the acid battery terminals.
To charge the battery at 12 V, it will be necessary to set the 16 -16.5 V voltage mode. Using the current 14.4 V can be charged the battery at 75-85%. With constant voltage, the power of the charging current variable is limited only to the memory.
What voltage to charge should be installed? They proceed from the achievement of critical stress, accompanied by the "boiling" - the release of gas from the cans of the car battery. The battery is considered normally charged, with voltage on terminals from 12.6 to 14.5 V. To read the readings follows the device without relying on on-board computer. Measurements on the running engine, and in the disconnected battery are different.
The permissible charging voltage on the battery terminals with a running motor varies 13.5 -14 B. The indicator shows the bait submail if the voltage is higher. You need to repeat the measurement after 2 minutes, perhaps the battery was discharged at startup. If the charging voltage is low - the battery loses the resource or problems proceed from automobile generator. It is necessary to carry out measurements by turning off the onboard systems.
Measuring battery charging voltage on a non-working car, it is impossible to identify problems with the generator, but the degree of charging the battery is determined well. Voltage 12.5 - 14 V speaks of the absence of problems. With a low indicator, check:
- the state of the electrolyte - the substance should be transparent, the level is normal;
- much depends on the charge level of the battery;
- determining the possibility of recharging to optimal voltage.
Testing will identify problems with the battery, its performance.
Charging the battery constant resistance
Is the battery charge with constant resistance possible? From formula I \u003d U * R, it is clear if you set the resistance of the value of constant, the current or voltage will become variables. But inside the battery resistance is a variable value that affects the absorption of energy. The total resistance is made up of polarization resistance, which changes and ohmic, remaining stable in the same conditions and for a particular battery.
The temperature, the degree of discharge, the concentration of electrolyte, taken into account in the characteristics of the discharge curves of the AKB, affect resistance. But if in the formula resistance the value of the variable in time and the state of the car battery, then the current, voltage or the current and voltage and voltage can be permanent during charging. A resistor is used to smooth the value of charging current - ballast resistance.
What voltage to set when charging the battery
Voltage is the difference in potentials, and the current will flow in the one direction where this value will be less. Therefore, the voltage of the charger is always selected higher than the charging level of the car battery. The greater the voltage difference, the faster and fully pulls the capacity of the car battery after charging.
During charging at constant voltage, the limit of the parameter installed on the memory is lower than the characteristic at which gas is started from the battery serviced. What is the difference in potential difference to charge a car battery? The maximum voltage used when charging the battery 16, 5 V. What parameter must be depeted of the type of battery. The time and completeness of the battery charging depends on the voltage. The ratio of the charge voltage, capacity recovery for the battery 12 in 24 hours is:
- 14.4 V voltage can be charged by 75-80%;
- Using voltage 15 to charge degree 85 - 90%;
- 16 in the battery is charged by 95 - 97%;
- The maximum voltage is 16.3 -16.5 in batteries are charged completely.
When the voltage is reached on the battery 14.4 - 14.5, the charging signal lights up on the memory.
It has been established that it is precisely this voltage of a car battery does not create gas emissions after and during charging. Therefore, with real operation of cars, the generator through the voltage regulator limits the maximum voltage level by this value. In summer, this figure is close to 100% of the tank, in winter corresponds to 13.9-14.3 V, with a working motor, which corresponds to 70-75% of the container.
Maximum battery charging voltage
We know, modern cars High-grade has a side system running on 16 V. What batteries are used in these batteries? In order not to be gas emissions, System should be closed.
So, the maintenanceable CA / CA batteries can withstand the rigid operating conditions. For them, a special charging mode is used. The use of calcium instead of antimony allows you to charge the battery with an increased voltage, while the electrolyte will boil. Unqualified battery Does not tolerate sudden voltage drops in the onboard network. It is intended for cars with a good system. electronic control Voltage. More tolerant of hybrid batteries, from minority and calcium plates.
Battery voltage at the end of charging
After complete charging, the battery will change the charge somewhat. The electrolyte dissociation is occurring with the filling of the strengths of the current plates. Established by podcast space The car battery takes the ambient temperature, and the container will change to the large side with the heat or falls at minus temperatures. Therefore, to accurately find out after charging, which car battery voltage, by installing it in place. Even, being in the workshop, the voltage on the terminals is changing. This is especially noticeable if the cycle and charging current did not fully have fallen up to 200 mA. At the same time, the redistribution of the charge occurs, and additional feeding device is possible.
But if after charging the battery, the voltage drops on the running machine - this is a reason for the audit of the generator or replace the battery.
Battery Charging Dependency
Each type of batteries is charged based on the characteristics of the species used designs. Most low voltage Charging have served, gel and lithium batteries. Causes boiling, destruction of the composition, fire hazard. If the servant served can be charged the simplest memory, lithium and gel systems require compliance with the 2 stepped combined energy accumulation mode.
All systems are designed to prevent recharging, equipped with automatic power off when the voltage is reached, which is required for the car battery. When charging, there is a gradual decrease in current force due to increased resistance, the voltage remains stable. After charging, the process of the electrochemical reaction continues, in the form of a minor self-discharge.
It is important that the charging voltage always exceeds the parameters needed to operate the instrument. So that the current flowed, you need a bias that is the difference in the voltage between the memory and the battery.
Video
We offer to see the specialist tips, how to charge and maintain the car battery, which voltage should be on the battery after charging.
Normal automotive battery voltage is one of the most important indicators The performance of this automotive node. Since the batteries are used today to start the engine, each motorist needs to know about the batteries at least basic information.
In this article we will tell, what is the normal value of the car's voltage of the car, as it can be measured and what actions are taken in case the results turned out to be disappointing.
Values \u200b\u200bof normal voltage acb
The normal voltage of the automotive battery is 12.65 V (a small error is allowed in the range of 0.05 V).
If the battery is less than 12.65 V, it means that the battery is not completely charged - so, at a voltage of the battery 12.42, the battery is charged only by 80-82%, at a voltage of 12.2 V - 60%, And the voltage value below 11.9 V shows that the battery is charged less than 40%, which adversely affects its properties and state.
Usually, in real conditions, a very small amount of batteries produces a voltage value equal to 12.65 V - many acb stress ranges from 12.2 V to 12.4 V, which indicates an incomplete charge of the battery, but this fact does not carry Nothing bad: the deterioration of properties is manifested only at a voltage of less than 11.9 V.
Battery voltage measurement
How to measure the voltage of the automotive battery? A special device consists of a voltmeter, handles, resistance and two contacts, with which the measuring device will be connected to the battery.
Before starting work, the battery must be removed from the car and bring it to the place of measurement (it is best to do in the house or in the garage), pre-clearing the battery from various dirt, and clean the battery terminals so that they literally glistened.
The first stage of work is voltage measurement without load - To do this, you need to connect the battery to the device and remove the voltmeter readings after 5-6 seconds after the start of actions (the voltmeter indicators should be between 12.5-12.7 V, and each battery bank should produce a slightly more than 2 volts.
If the battery coped with the first test, you can proceed to the second stage of operation - measurement of the voltage with the load.
For the introduction into the load system, it is necessary to introduce resistance to the measuring instrument, the value of which is selected taking into account the battery capacity (if it has capacity 100 a * hFor it, it is necessary to choose the resistance, approximately equal to 0.01 Ohm, if the battery has a capacity of 50 a * h, the resistance is selected for it, about two times more than for a battery capacity of 100 a * h).
Next, everything is done in the same way as in the first test - the battery is connected to the measuring system using terminals, and after 5-6 seconds after the start, you can read the readings: if the battery gives voltage 12.2-12,6 V., And each bank gives a value of at least 1.8 B, it means that everything is fine and can be operated with the battery and can be operated further, not forgetting, naturally, from time to time to carry out similar tests with it.
Ways to solve the problem
What if the battery did not cope with the tests, giving the voltage values \u200b\u200bbelow the required? Most. simple way Solutions - banal charging AKB.
It happens, the battery gives bad results only due to the fact that it has not been charged for a long time. If the battery and after recharging gives the same results, by purchasing special additives in the automotive store. Tedious? Then
