Homemade swan Created to facilitate heavy manual labor when processing the soil and can replace any motor-block or motor-cultivator. With it, you can pour land under the garden, planting harrowing, dipping, digging potatoes.
Agricultural winch allows you to implement full cycle Soil processing when growing potatoes. The unit contributes to the savings and maintenance of soil fertility, which leads to the maximum harvest.
In the distant 90s, a winch for plowing on the basis of the engine from the chainsaw "Ural", "Friendship", it serves as faithfully so far. Changes and refinement concerned mostly plow. On the video below are clearly visible these changes. Gradually, the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating an electric analogue came. And that's what happened, watch the video and the photo below.
Made a winch - a fiberboard from undergraduate materials using standard publicly available parts and ordinary materials ( electrical engine 2.2 kW 1500 rpm, pipes, corners, asterisks and chains from motorcycles).
Electric plowing winch
The engine is used three-phase and connected to a single-phase network of 220 V. of this power enough for plowing, dipping, digging potatoes. If you buy an engine for a single-phase network, you can plow a virgin. And in my modification for plowing the virgin, I used a block that reduces the sweep speed twice, but also increases the force.
Single-phase engine costs more than 10,000 rubles. We are talking about the city of Smolensk, therefore 3 phase is delivered. In addition, people who have come across the rewind of a single-phase engine come across great problems. The 3-phase engine in practice is more reliable - can work continuously for years.
The principle of operation of the exercilment of the agricultural is in consistent plowing of the Earth with the return of the plow to the beginning of the furrow. It is advisable to exetect the work together, but if necessary, it is possible to one. It is possible to make fertilizers (humid) directly into the furrow.
Plows even Dern (virgin). At first, a classic homemade plow with handles was used, which demanded the presence of the initial pahaper skills and weighed a couple of kilograms more upgraded.
Electric and gasoline winch
(Wheels on the winch are used only for transportation in the site)
Details that need to pull out on the lathe or buy in the store of motorcycles.
Homemade winch with a plow, for plowing of the garden, photo and description of the homemade.
This homemade electric winch for plowing the garden was made in the 90s. At that time, there was a great need to master land (Salary at the factory was detained and no money was not particularly).
But, any detail at the factory could be turned almost for nothing. So there was an idea to improve and relieve the work of a rural worker through a small mechanization.
It was decided to make a label adaptation with a plow for plowing the earth.
The design is made as follows: The electric gear motor fastened on a metal frame with a stop-stop unit. The gear motor rotates a drum with a wound cable, (the thickness of the cable is 6 mm), and at the end of the 50-meter cable - the hook that in turn pulls the plow.
In this adaptation, the winch principle is used. The process of work is as follows: relate a plow for a certain distance, then turn on the winch and pull the plow plowing the ground to one furrow.
The pumping process, you need to do together, one holds a plow, and the second drives the swan and keeps it by scrap stuck to the ground.
This device with the winch, we called "Belyuly". The engine is aligned with the gearbox and the power is 800 watts, the power of three-phase 380 volts, buttons control (click-turn, release, stop).
Motor-gear signboard.
Homemade motland for plowing - One of the aggregates that are very common in our places. Each self-respecting owner tries to have such a thing. Moreover, it is not only for plowing, but for other business needs.
main part homemade motorcycle - This is the engine. The choice of suitable domestic engines is not very wide. Received sincere recognition of engines from the Motocycle "Minsk", from the Motorol "electron", used the "Ural" and "Friendship" motorcases. The choice of such engines is caused by their prevalence and low-cost, many engines are swinging with the old, already written off in the scourge of technology, and hopefully live their remaining eyelids. 
The engine power must be at least 2-3x horse power ("Friendship" motor saw), the engine must be a trap and must start well.
Electronic engines are not produced for a very long time, they are convenient because they have forced cooling. But the engines from the engine "Tourist" no longer go, the winch is very heavy. 
Minsk engines are optimally suitable. They are not very heavy, come, as they say, with half-tick and are very common in rural areas.
The main homemade winch nodes is the frame, traction drum and primer. Usually the frame is welded from a steel pipe or a square steel profile 25 by 25 mm. You can use the old frame from the motorcycle, cutting and welding it in another configuration. 
The drum for the cable is often made from the hub of the rear wheel of the motorcycle. It already has an axis, bearings, drive gears. You can make a drum from the pipe, but it is a little more difficult.
The benzobak is usually used small, as a rule, from motorcons. It has already a crane with a sump and a place for fastening. Ignition - standard from the motorcycle. 
The usual position of the motel label operator when plowing - standing on the ground, keeping behind the wheel, right hand runs throttle valve - As on a motorcycle. The transmissions are included with either a complete foot lever, or a manual lever is welded.
Plow speed with plowing 4-8 km per hour, so the diameter of the drum and the gear is chosen in such a way that the revolts are enough when working on the first transmission. With a large length of the site and light soil you can work on the second gear. 
At large lengths of the section, the winch is usually devastated during the dragging of the plow, if the plot is small, the engine is not afraid, and it works constantly for a while. This is relevant, because Minsk engines do not have forced cooling. Petaging practice shows that the usual intensity of the motorcycle work allows you to do without additional cooling. 
As a primer, blades or pins welded to the P-shaped lever, which makes the floor area. The primer is usually horizontally for the convenience of work. Practice shows that when installing the motorbage on the bore, overgrown with a solid turf, use the primers based on metal pins is much more convenient - they are easily included in the soil and hold the winch well. 
For full convenience You can attach a long lever with a handle-saddle to the primer, and sit on it during plowing, simultaneously pressing the fifth point of the primer.
On their home plots are practiced electric winches. For electrot holders for plowing need an electric motor not less than 2kW, asynchronous engines Pretty heavy, and for the most part require a three-phase network, which is not very convenient. Little single-phase electric motors are collector. The most applicable electric motors from electropulovers, they are powerful, lungs, have a gearbox and fastening, and well adapt under the winch. Motors from chainsaws "Parma" are very often used, since it is very dangerous for work and now there is a lot of good imported technology, and the outdated "Parma" is used for the winch. 
The most common vertical design of the engine with a motorcycle "Minsk" (photo 1a, b) is made by local craftsmen even on request. Rama winch is made of steel profile square cross section (from old tables and parties). The drum is located under the engine at the bottom, the engine along the way, is fixed above the drum. 
The high location of the engine makes it difficult to switch gear, so the manual lever is often made in this design (photo1B). The winch takes little space and can be transported in the trunk a passenger car. A similar winch (photo 2a) is made on a frame of steel pipes of round-section with a motorcycle engine "Sunrise", another similar (photo 2B) with soilsacepsies in the form of a blade. 
Interesting winches design (Photo 3A, b) approximately the same layout, but with a more spacious frame. For the convenience of movement during plowing and driving to the place of plowing on one side, the wheel is attached to the frame, on the other - a large steel arc. Such a winch takes more space, but more convenient during transportation. 
Another design of the motorcycle (photo 4a, b) is the so-called reverse. It is based on a motorcycle frame, so the engine is located towards the operator, and the drum stands on the place of the rear wheel. The muffler is also used regular, the steering wheel in the fork is deployed in reverse side. Transmissions are turned on with right foot. This design is longer and low, but requires less welding work. An interesting feature of this winch is forced cooling with a 12 volt electric fan with a power generator of a motorcycle (photo 4b - fan to the right of the gas tank). 
For several years, the Kotlassian Electromechanical Plant produces winches for the use of Motorbules "Friendship" and "Ural" (photo 5a, b). As a reducer used double chain gear. The design turned out to be small and easy. The winch is not very expensive, since it does not contain a regular engine, but each has its own chainsaw, and is popular. As a comment it was expressed that the diameter of the traction drum was small. 
When installing the electronics "Parma" on such a winch (photo 6a, b) design is still compact and easier. The power of the winch is enough for plowing gardens on non-heavy soils. In general, for plowing heavy soils with the turf, with the rone, virgin sections, it is necessary to reduce the width of the capture and the depth of plowing by adjusting the plow, and hold the plow with the hands during the passage, otherwise it strives to jump out of the furrow or breaks into the turne. Then either the cable burst, if he is thin, which is very sad, or turns the winch along with the operator from the Earth, which is much better, the technique remains the whole. 
An interesting design of a fully homemade electrolybide is presented in photo 7a, b.
The aggregate is solid, the engine asynchronous three-phase 3kW. For the convenience of moving the winch is equipped with long handles and wheels. If necessary, plowing the area in the distance from the mains is an adapter for installation of chainsaws (photo 7B). 
The main feature of this winch is the presence of a remote radio control system (an antenna connector is visible on the switchboard on the left). System remote control Allows the owner to use the winch for numerous business needs, whether it is pulling the timber, lifting weights, etc. The winch is equipped with an easy-sensitive handle-saddle (photo 8a), which is inserted into the nest tube, welded to the primer. 
Original motor designs Many, our Russian homegrown constructors are not sitting without affairs (ready for winch - in photo 8b). A low-cost approach to design is associated with a minor income level on the village. Currently began to appear cool units on imported engines, again, mostly semi-pedars made by small batches. 
Factory Motibes on sale appear rarely, and their consumer qualities leave much to be desired. Typically, the factory unit is converted to itself, leaving the database and improving some nodes, or used in a non-standard version. For example, there are fuel-based winches design. The motoblock is placed on the base, instead of one of the wheels, the traction drum dress. Moreover, in the transport position, the motor-block is lucky itself and in the telega plow. 
Another interesting compact design of the electro holder (photo 9a, b) is produced by one of the PE in Khotlas. A very successful design solution of this winch is a planetary gearbox inside the traction drum, which made it possible to maximize the size and weight of the winch. Now according to the sight, the entire unit is shitted from two parts: the engine and the drum installed on the closed frame with retractable handles. The weight of the winch allows you to attach light grapple prints straight to the main frame. 
From a single-phase engine 2,2kw, a chain transmission on the gear, placed on the primary shaft of the gearbox, coaxial with a drum shaft, which is the secondary shaft of the gearbox. Such a construction of a power scheme allows you to install 4 stroke imported instead of the electric motor gas engine without changing the transmission. The lever (Photo 9A) serves to retire drum with a gearbox (cable unwinding mode) ..
The engine design on the engine from the Motor Press "Tourist" or "Ant" is presented in photo 10a, b. 
This engine is very famous, T-200, with forced cooling. The ignition is easily converted to the tractor magneto, which allows you to do without a battery. It starts very well, quite crap. Often applied by homemade carcats. As noted above, its lack for the motorcycle is his weight. But the motorcycle turned out quite technological, although a little heavy. 
For better sliding of the cable in this motor, steel vertical rollers on bearings are applied. This prevents the friction of the cable about the cheeks of the drum with an inaccurate installation of the motorcycle. 
Groundotoz panels, the benzobak is taken from the old moped.
The work of this motorcycle motorcycle is demonstrated on video.
Variant of motorcycles on the engine "Lifan" is presented in photo 11a, b. The design is practically the same as in photo 9, the frame is slightly increased for the possibility of installing the engine. The soil shovel is rigidly attached to the frame, in the transport position turn up with a spatula up. 
Gas adjustment - by tapping, engine power 5.5 hp. Reducer - planetary inside the drum. Motlebeard is maximally composed for convenience of transportation, there may be somewhat to the detriment of convenience when plowing. Such winches produces Maurice LLC in Kotlas.
Well, finally, recently (September 2012) I saw in the store in the city of Korjazma, the factory motorcycle for plowing (photo 12a, b). The winch is produced at the factory in Izhevsk. The layout is excellent, handles of the steering wheel are convenient, put forward from the transport position in the working. Gruppes - small blades. Engine 4-stroke imported with a capacity of 5-7 hp. Reducer double - belt plus chain. Clutch - belt tension, as on cultivators, is included in the pedal. It seems to be a completely decent unit. There are no reviews yet, I have not yet seen this mechanism in the case.
Plows, ranks and various devices For the processing of the Earth is the topic of a separate article.
The fact is that the serial motoblocks have an extremely insufficient coupling mass (5-6 times less than the minimum necessary), so they cannot create a sufficient traction force for plowing: dropping. In practice, I was convinced that it was possible to plow only if the coupling mass is at least 600 kg (like a horse). And it is calculated in all wheel tractors so that the meter of the width of the plowing band accounted for at least 4 tons. So Mobile Mobile MB-1 With its weight, 100 kg can raise the reservoir of all ... 2.5 cm! To plow the horse plow, raising a segment of 20x20 cm, the mass of the motoblock (tractor) should be at least 800 kg.
It is precisely these considerations that the main management of the traffic police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia to all motoblocks presented a technically quite reasonable requirement: "You can make a motor-block with a motor with a capacity of no more than 5-7 hp And for every one hundred kilograms full mass Motoblock should not have more than 1 hp.
Back in 1998, I made a motoblock. Although his weight brought to 240 kg, I was convinced that it was impossible to plow well: it was hard - I had to push the motleydlug. Then I made a motorofree. She also did not justify my hopes. It was worth getting under the knives of the cutter pebble, the rhizomet, the non-peculiar manure, as she popped up onto the surface, and on the cutter, as on the wheel, launched a nurse. And if a manure was added to the site, then the knives were not plunged at all and the manure was wound on the mill.
In 2000, made the first motorcycle. Her clutch does not depend on weight with the soil, as it is reliably held in place at the expense of an anchor, whose paws that have a type of bayonet shovel are placed in the soil. It is an anchor and gives the motorcycle exclusive performance. It allows all the power of the motor to use for useful work, which is not available to any other technique of this purpose.
The fact is that the tractor, and the motor-block half of the power spend on self-grade. Motlatarium mass with full refueling (10 liters of gasoline) is only 42 kg. It means that it is twice or less a metalmaker compared to MB-1's motoblock, and compared with the mini-tractor of Kutaisky, Gomel or Kharkov plant - 14 times.
Well, now let's try to compare the performance of winch, motoblock and horses. It turns out such arithmetic. Rated horse power when working about 1 hp Its mass is 600 kg. MB-1 motoblock is six times lighter than horses. So, on the creation of traction effort, he can use no more "D H.S.
The mini tractor will be comparable to the horse. Accordingly, it can be assumed that to create a traction effort, it can be spable - not more than 1 hp My motor with a motor from a motorollar "electron" with a capacity of 7.5 hp Uses the entire power of the motor to create traction. So, the winch is more productive than horses 7.5 times and a motor-block - 45 times !!! That is why it easily raises the lands of the earth with a cross section of 30x35 cm and can plow even a virgin.
Plow for your winch I copied from a two-wheeled equestrian plow, only as easy as possible and simplified. He "holds" the furrow "holds", exactly copying the previously passed, and they do not need to manage. Plow the winch is so easy and just that it is forces even to children, and completely safely. No strength, no skill for this is not necessary.
In our city and the surroundings of the motor and the motorcycle and mini tractors have long been crowded.
Many who, believing advertising, bought a motoblock, are now reworked on the motorcycle, using their motors. My neighbor who has a homemade mini tractor has already made seven winches to all relatives, two of whom he sent to the neighboring areas. He presented his first winch to his brother living in Perm, eight years ago. It was the only winch, which had a soils on the front and rear parts of the frame. Perhaps she served as a sample of the winch of Perm students who, by the way, made two big mistakes. The first is that they made the primrates in front of the frame, forgetting that when the cable is tensioning, a tipping moment appears. It does not make it possible to use all the power of the motor, and the work on such a winch is unsafe. It happened that when plowing the virgin, such a winch was raised by a man standing on the back of the frame, and crushed through the winch. Therefore, the primrates must be installed only on the back of the frame, it is better to plunge it: it is more convenient to plunge, and work with the winch will be completely safe. A winch manager will stand on the primer, showering them with his weight, which makes it possible to increase traction three times.
The second mistake is that the plow they made a one-bedroom with control handles. It is inconvenient to turn to the beginning of the groove, and it is impossible to start a furrow from the obstacle (hedge, buildings, greenhouses, etc.): interfere with the control knobs. Moreover, two people are oblivious to plow such a plow.
Plow needs to be done two-wheeled: such a furrow "holds" himself, exactly copying previously passed. It is practically no need to manage it, it is more convenient and easier to ride to the beginning of the groove, it allows the furrow from the obstacle himself, and one person can be plowing the winch then.
Now I have three motleyboards. The latest design is extremely successful: it plows, boorrates, emphasizes potatoes, loose aisle even with Considered tops, allows you to plant potatoes "under a plow", to process the slopes of any steepness, serves as a lifting device, works with any cultivator, forest faces.
In addition to all this, it (which is especially valuable) can carry cargo to 500 kg at a speed of up to 40 km / h. The traffic police permits to ride it on all roads without restrictions.
It is possible to make my motor extremely simple. It has two frames - the main and extra. The main thing is the front plug of the motorcycle, which has a motor, a benzobac, drum with a cable and a motor control organs. Additional frame is used for the resistance of the winch. Anchor with two pawplaes, similar to bayonet shovels, is hinged on it. Additional frame is attached to the main four bolts. In the front of it, there are two restrictive rollers for the cable in case the winch will be installed at an angle to the furrow line.
To turn the winch in vehicleThe drum is removed, an additional frame is disconnected along with an anchor, the rear wheel from the scooter ("Tula", "tourist" or "Tulitz") is installed in the main frame ("Tula", "Tourist" or "Tulitz"), and then the main frame joins a two-wheeled cart: a three-wheeled front-wheel drive motor movement , similar to a cargo scooter.
Since the star of the wheel of the Tula scooter is twice as much as the "electron" scooter, the trolley speed has decreased by 2 times.
I wonder what steering column Trolleys are shifted back from the main frame; Rama-plug along with the motor turns into both sides by 100 °, which allows the trolley to unfold in place by 360 °, without leaving their dimensions (so reverse gear She is not needed).
Please note that the motor, tank, driver and passenger are located above the drive wheel, and rear wheels Trolleys are shifted back from the center of the body. It increases the load on leading wheel, His clutch at the same time with an expensive just excellent. The body of the trolley is wooden, with dimensions of 1.5x1,3x0.3 m. Rama cart tubular, wheels - from the MODE Motor Tire.
The transformation of motorcycles in the motor is produced in reverse order.
Now many professionals have already been convinced that the motoblocks are suitable for plowing. Industry has settles the release of mini-tractors - they have a coupling weight for this are quite sufficient. But it is extremely difficult to use them in the household site. The fact is that its area is very small, it is limited from all sides by the hedge and buildings, and on the plots themselves there are always obstacles: greenhouses, greenhouses, trees, perennial landings, etc. To leave outside the site for the turn, as a rule, there is no possibility, and the tractor does it on the plot turning it into the road. After all, he has four wheels that roll the soil not only when moving forward, but also reverse. In addition, he is a fabulously road. You can hire a pahahar with a horse for this money without buying fuel and spare parts for 240 years, because the site is thus pretty. The mass of mini-tractors produced in Kutaisi, Kharkov and Gomel is 600 kg with the power of their engines 6 hp, and this power is sometimes enough for the movement of this metal mold with a skuffing speed.
The master channel "Smart City" spoke about the device of the homemade electrolybide, which uses for plowing of the Earth. Engine 1.1 kilowatta. 220 volt. Reducer on 40. Fastened by belt transmission. Electromagnetic starter. Remote Control. Capacitor. The whole design is attached on one frame. The scheme can be found on the Internet. The device for plowing the garden is made with their own hands.
The gearbox is attached to the frame to the frame with the ability to adjust. Made grooves. And after him the drum. Made from pipe 150. Flanges welded to the pipe. The video shows how the shaft is passed through the drum, how it is attached. Made a reverse. To unwind the cable, it was necessary to turn on reverse And he was unwound. It happens for a very long time, so they decided to make the drum spinning back to idle. Pull out the shaft with a diameter of 35. Bearings can be different, here 36. This shaft will be tightly welded to the drum.
Took from the front, exterior grenades, because they have a slotted part long. The hub itself can be chosen. And the inner is fat, you will not pick anything. The grenade has an inner clip, everything is suitable. Two clips are welded and can be done one common. We should exactly on the gearbox transition sleeve. One part of the garnet is inserted under the welding. Then the front hub.
The gearbox rotates, the hub connected two facial shafts. Fully drum. When we move the hub, everything is spinning separately. The gearbox does not touch, but we unwind the cable and the drum moves in idle. Again you need to connect the shaft. We translate and all the mechanics turn together. Details about the device for plowing on video posted at the beginning of the publication.
