What country is the manufacturer of "FIATA"? Manufacturer's country "Fiat": What state do Fiat cars make? Who produces Fiat

The name of the Fiat autoconecerna is an abbreviation that is decrypted as Fabrica Italiana Automobili Torino. Now FIAT is a giant corporation, which includes more than two hundred enterprises throughout the planet engaged in the release of not only passenger and cargo transport, but also aircraft, trains and many other things. And in the origins of this legendary brand there is a sufficiently modest small enterprise for the production of passenger vehicles. But let's start in order.

Number of Fiat.

Back in 1899 at the dawn of the automotive era, a group of investors who were led by the retired officer Giovanni Anueli, founded a small company Fiat. The newly created enterprise began its activities from licensed assembly models Renault. With "renash" engine de dion. The Military Past Anlelli and his political views postponed the imprint on his character - Giovanni supported the strictest discipline at the factory, and also actively introduced the ideals of socialism into the production process, believing that entrepreneurs and workers could interact more fruitful. The production increased by a rapid pace, but to a greater extent because of the socialist views of the company's founder, and due to the fact that in 1903 the Italian authorities eliminated exorbitantly high tariffs for imported steel production. Thanks to this, FIAT produced several models of its own development: cargo vehicles, Buses, taxis, and also began to produce aircraft and ship engines.

Initially, Fiat released only a premium car, and quite soon the brand became popular not only at home, but also far beyond. A significant role in the company's success was played by road - racing cars FIAT were serious competitors and often went out by winners in competitions, ahead of such leaders recognized in motor racing as Nazzaro, Storero, etc. And the company has become a truly name for hearing in 1911, When the Grand Prix de France won the S61 model equipped with a 4-cylinder engine with a volume of 10.5 liters and the chain rear drive system.

Anelely understands that it is time to move from handicraft to an industrial scale. And in 1912, cars brands begin to produce serially. Giovanni was an experimenter, it was him one of the first automakers in Europe, it occurred to his cars a corporate identity. To fulfill his idea, he turned to artists-stylists. And in the same year, the "firstborn" of this policy of the brand appeared on the world - Fiat Tipo. Zero. In motion, the novelty led a 18-strong 1.9-liter engine, which on average spent 5.1 km of 1 liter of fuel. According to the developers, the maximum speed Tipo Zero was 71 km per hour, but in practice it turned out that it was almost unrealistic to accelerate to it. Although in general, the car did not have a particularly original design and resembled the model already available in the world, but at the same time Tipo Zero was distinguished by such an individualization opportunity as 6 different versions of the radiator cladding. That is why the model is customary called the principle of style of the brand. Body for their car "Fiat", as well as Alfa Romeo ordered in Locati & Toretta, and after a while in Zagato and Touring.

It is noteworthy that even before the start of expansion in Europe in 1909, Fiat made an attempt to "throw a fishing rod" to America, organizing in the US enterprise Poughkeepsie. For Giovanni, always a priority to strengthen control over production. One of the outcomes of this policy began its activities in 1922 the largest European autocomplex called Lingotto. Fiat created a complex to proceed to serial production of non-elite cars available to a large number of people, and not units as before. In many ways, the goal was achieved thanks to the use of the assembly of the conveyor type.

As reflected on the history of Fiat War

In history, it was often happening that large wars slowed down technical progress, but it also happened that they performed a catalyst technical revolutions. It so happened with Fiat, who thanks to World War I broke into leaders in the Italian automotive industry. During the war and after her the Italians actively released military technique, including tanks. And by the 1920s, Fiat has already become the largest automaker in Italy. This was largely due to the professionalism of Vittorio Valletta, which occupied the position of administrator in the company.

But 1919 and 1920 was not easy to brand. During this period, Fiat happened to survive not one strike. The workers under the influence of the Communists captured the service premises and enterprises belonging to the companies. It came to the point that the leadership was forced to stop production until the authorities had not been in the hands of Mussolini, after which Giovanni again became "at the helm." In 1927, the IFI holding was founded to fulfill the functions of the management of the Fiatat, where the dominant position and now occupies the Anueli family.

1932 was marked by the debut of the Balilla model (also known as under the index 508). Auto became a sales record: around the world about 113 thousand copies were implemented. The novelty was equipped with a 3-range gearbox (in 1934, a 4-band came to shift) and 0.96 liters with a return of 20-24 "horses". This motor accelerated Balilla up to 80 km per hour. It is noteworthy that Balilla also among the first in the world received a "charged" variation - 508 S, which was completed with the engine with a return of 30-36 "horses".

Four years later, Fiat Topolino, known as Fiat 500, who became the most miniature serial car in the world for that period. The newly calculated for two people was immediately nicknamed "Mouse". The car had an original appearance, a 0.57-liter motor, as well as a short frame mounted on a short frame to reduce the mass rear-wheel drive platform. Ingredient power aggregateThe maximum "mouse" accelerated to 85 km per hour. On average, Topolino consumed a hundred km of approximately 6 liters of fuel. Also, the model possessed the most diverse variations. Due to the low cost, relatively high reliability and special charm, the car was popular not only in Italy, but also throughout Europe. In twenty years, from the beginning of the release, about 519 thousand copies of a miniature Fiat 500 were sold. In 1957, a new Topolino generation was descended from the conveyor, the style of which Italian specialists were used already when recreating the model in the early 2000s.

As the story showed, Italy chose the wrong political focus, putting on the "fascism rails" and this path had a negative impact on the fate of Fiat. Because of the Second World War, most of the enterprises of the concern were destroyed, and those that survived, after the liberation of the country were nationalized. Because of the open support for the fascist regime, Anuelley was removed from the manual, and soon after that he died. Despite the nationalization, vittorio Valette remained to lead the company. This and saved Fiat.

Revival of the victim of the fame of autocontracena Fiat

And here, finally, the production explosion occurred. First, FIAT produces a model of 1500 D, and after it followed by the next version of 1100 V. The last wagon immediately attracted the attention of car enthusiasts due to its pretty appearance, in which the heart-shaped radiator grille was immediately striking. In motion 1100 B, led 1.09-liter 4-cylinder engine, docked with a 4-range gearbox.

Soon the 4-door Fiat 500 C conveyor overlook the company, as well as the company's products 1500 E and 1100 E. has become the flagship gamut

In the early 1950s, the Fiat management decided to update the model range, and it appeared a novelty with the index 1400. It was a car with a carrier body, in which the engine of the engines, starting since 1953, also began to enter the diesel unit. This allowed Fiat 1400 to become the first car in Italy with this type of engine. In the "base" 1120-kilogram car was completed with a 1,4-liter diesel engine, developing power in 44 "horses". This motor maximally accelerated the car up to 120 km per hour. To equip this car, the Fiat also used door armrests and located under the instrument panel hand brake. In the same year, the company produces quite popular 1100/103 and 103 TV.

After the five years of the Italian roads are possessing a fairly democratic value of miniature models of Cinquecentos and Seicentos.

New Fiat

The beginning of the 60s and the newly new course of the company. FIAT is privatized and the grades of the founder of the brand are becoming at the head of it, which introduce new approaches to automotive production, which allowed to strengthen the position of the concern on the global automotive market. FIAT plants were reorganized, and the conveyors left the new small car FIAT 850. In the shortest possible time, the Compact was sold in the amount of 3 million copies.

In 1966, the Italians and the USSR signed an agreement on the construction of the Volga Automobile Plant (VAZ). A year later, the light of the brainchild of this collaboration was seen - Fiat 124. The first specimens brought from Italy simply disintegrated by cobblestones, "pleased with the emergency breakdown of the brakes and whispering of the outdated motor. At first, 124 was renamed 124r, and soon in the VAZ-2101. Together with the title, the model changed almost all the "filling" (including motor, brake mechanisms and suspension) to a more appropriate real russian roads. But the body design change almost did not touch. "Kopeika" possessed a laconic and elegant appearance, ahead of the tens of years ahead of the trends of the Russian automotive industry.

In 1969, the company produces a sports and elegant Dino model. Also this year, the Lancia brand is included in the concern. Fiat will not stop growing for a day - in parallel with the production of new models, the concern is building new plants throughout the planet.

When around the world in the 1970s, the oil crisis was raging, specialists from Fiat focused on the modernization of production processes and improving the quality of existing products. After a series of successful cars in 1978, a rather unsuccessful Ritmo model was published, which did not become popular, but still considered the sign in the history of the company. All because after it fails and the transition of production to a higher level of automation, the concern stepped far ahead.

At the beginning of the decade, the new compact Panda debuted. This model successfully leaving the conveyor for two decades. During this period, 60 Variations "Panda" were released and about 4 million copies of the model were implemented. And even next century, cars with simple appearance, low cost and unpretentious repair remains one of the most purchased in Europe.

In the 83th year, the concern at the Geneva auto stitch presents a revolutionary model called UNO, which was developed with practically zero using a multitude of progressive technologies. Innovations touched not only electronics and materials used, but also devices of the power unit. The car went out in Italy until 1995, after which he replaced the Punto model, but UNO and now produce in Turkey, Poland and Egypt.

At the end of 1985, Fiat made an error step by step into a premium market segment. The front-wheel drive of the CROMA hatchback has a spacious luggage compartment, a stepped back door and produced entirely eleven years. But after the demand fell almost to zero, the company still decided to leave this class. The crooma was based on the pan-European chassis, which also served as the base for Lancia Thema, Saab 9000 and Alfa Romeo 164.

In 1986, the concern completely absorbs Alfa Romeo, which further contributes to the strengthening of the "FIATA" position on the global car market. For Alfa Romeo, the merger became greater happiness, because the brand almost bankrupt at that time, after the absorption, not only retained the authenticity, but also received an additional round in development.

In the late 80s, the concern decided to play with "large forms": the 5-door hatchback Tipo is published, the Tempra Station Wagon wagon, the Marengo van and others. But buyers treated with these models.

90s in the history of the brand

The total sales of the company has decreased significantly. Fiat, which previously developed by a rapid pace, began to clearly feel the occurrence of the crisis. New cars no longer shake the public as before, there was no some "highlight" and they were immediately lost in the automotive stream.

For the period of the 90s, you can mark several iconic models, including Fiat Coupe - built on the chassis from the Bravo model of the front-wheel drive sports accumulation. The car that has become legendary today, led to a 220-strong turbo engine, which allowed the models to create serious competition to their eminent rivals. Coupe's variation was also released, in its title to the TURBO console. This capable of accelerating to 250 km per hour, the novelty easily overtook the Porsche Boxster and Mercedes-Benz CLK.

In early 1994, in the framework of the cooperation of Italians and the French autocontracerta PSA, the debut of the minivan family took place. Seven and eight-bed cars were equipped with an front drive system and placed transversely motor and in the Fiat variant were called UlySse. A few years later, on the same chassis, a group of cargo-passenger families U64 was created.

In the 90s, the company tried to maximize the use of the chassis from her. But what can be created from a sufficient Banal Punto platform? It can be a truly masterpiece of the Italian automotive industry, if you invite to participate in the development of high-class professionals from the PinInfarina Atelier. And in 1995, the premiere of the Fiat Barchetta sports vehicle equipped with the front drive system, which immediately received the title of the most beautiful car with a folding roof, took place at the Geneva Avtovstroke. 5 years later, a luxury sports vehicle was debuted at the car dealership in Turin called Barchetta Riviera.

A little improved the situation that emerged in the company that appeared in the spring of 1998, the SEICENTO is the perfect car for residents of megacities. The history of Seicento ended only after 7 years, the release of the specialvariation "50th anniversary".

FIAT brand in the new millennium

At the beginning of the new millennium Fiat began to master the new segment. In the fall of 2000, the premiere of the Doblo model was held in Paris, which was offered in cargo and passenger performances. Two years later, the 3-door hatchback Stilo appeared in the Italian market. Although the company pinned high hopes on a novelty, planning to produce about seven years, but in 2007 the production of hatch was discontinued.

In the 2000s, the concern came across several times with serious financial problems, but it did not prevent the Fiat Group to continue to release passenger models and expand. Under its "roof" gathered not only autocompany, but even plants for the production of tractors.

Unfortunately, all the new cars that overcoming the last decade failed to return its former greatness to the autohydigant. The company's sales in Europe for the last 4 years fall inexorably. In the near future, Fiat intends to invest approximately 9 billion euros in its development. These finances will be spent not only to create new models and supporting their "daughters", but also the restoration of production facilities in their homeland. Today, its main hopes for the "uprising from the ash", the brand imposes a few of its models, including Fiat 500, Punto and Panda. So in 2016, the company intends to present a new generation of FIAT 500. The developers promise that the legendary hatchback will receive economical engines, as well as designed in the style of high-tech salon. In addition, in addition to this spring, 2014, the automaker reported on the exit of the specialvariations of Punto and Panda models. Focused on the youth audience of the novelties will receive in their names to the young console. Auto differ not only by stylish and bright appearance, but also advanced electronics.

A significant event in the history of the concern occurred at the end of January 2014, when Fiat completely seized the chrysler brand. After that, the Italian-American tandem decided to continue its activities under the unified name of Fiat Chrysler Automobiles N.V. and with a new logo. This union should allow the Italians to send the Italians to resuscitate their business in Europe.

One of the major car concerns of Europe is Fiat. The company is engaged in the manufacture of not only machines, but also special purpose techniques. In 1999, she celebrated their century. The company name has a musical sound, and immediately it becomes clear that the country manufacturer Fiat is Italy. Surprisingly, the brand is almost all of its existence in the shadow of their associates.

Fiat products

Many concerns are associated only with passenger cars, but its product range is much wider:

• loaders, Excavators and Bulldozers (Case, New Holland Construction);
• tractor, combines and other agricultural equipment (Steyr, Case in);
• firefighter technique (Magirus);
• urban transport - trolley buses, buses (Irisbus);
• freight cars (ASTRA);
• iveno Defence Vehicles).

history of the company

The beginning of history was found in 1899. Then the group of investors in Turin bases the company whose activities are aimed at the production of passenger cars under the Renauil license. It was assigned to Giovanni Anuel who had previously been a policeman. This man showed hard discipline and sled off the brain of Henry Ford.

The first one company's own car was collected in 1901, and in a couple of years, the concern enters the world market. Active expansion leads to the cancellation of import tax. At the production of Fiat cars, it was not limited to, and parallel mastered and issued aviation, ship power units. And after 11 years, a new stage was accomplished - serial, conveyor production of machines, which was launched at the new Lingotto plant. During this period, the brand has already been engaged in the production of buses as well.

Before the war, Fiat was considered in Europe the leader of the automotive industry, add a new car to the model range every year. War period made the brand engage in the manufacture of equipment for hostilities. The manufacturer returned to the main craft only at the board of Benito Mussolini.

For 23 years, the plant had wonderful times, as a large number of departments were opened. This period began from 1922. In 1945, Anueli was removed from his position. The reason for this was the fact that he was a commitment of fascism.

The next stage of the concern's development occurred in 1957, when the production of the NUOVA-500 model started. The total number of purchases of this small age in 15 years amounted to about 3 million.

It comes the end of the 60s and the brand receives the second life. The cause of the rapid development was the cooperation of the concern from the USSR. So, known to this day, "Kopeyka" was created on the basis of Fiat 124. After time, the company absorbed Lancia, which after 10 years also began to own Maserati, Alfa Romeo, Ferrari. As a result of such changes, the corporation has become monopolists of automotive production in Italy.

In the nineties, the corporation has failed. The reason for this was the poor reliability of products. It is known that in 2002 its losses reached a record figure - 4.2 billion dollars. The forecasts were disappointing, but despite this, the company continued to fight and after four years later went into profits. And in 2009, Chrysler bankruptcy occurred, and Fiat became the owner of a part of the brand shares. It was temporarily, and already five years later received complete control.

It is worth noting that the brand has always loved experiments and sought to develop. So the first racing car from Fiat appeared. The issue was successful, so the given direction was continued to work.

Productive capacity

The size of the corporation is amazed. So, it leads 1000 companies located in 61 countries around the globe. Production has been established in Italy, Brazil, Argentina, France, Poland, Turkey, Mexico, Russia, Ukraine, etc. With regard to employees, their number reaches about 220 thousand.

The largest production is located in Brazil. Here the plant can produce up to 3 thousand models per day. Cooperation with each company has its own characteristics. For example, in some countries only collect nodes brought from Italy, and a parallel assembly and local technique is allowed somewhere.

The concern was previously shared by its plans in which he voiced about further expansion in the American, European and African market.

The largest production reactions of the concern are concentrated:

• Italy (Toro, 500L, 500S, Fullback, Grande Punto, 124 Spider, Ducato);
• Poland (500, Punto, Bravo);
• Turkey (Tipo, Albea, Linea);
• Russia (Ducato);
• Argentina (Punto, Tipo, Argo);
• Mexico (500, Albea, Freemont);
• Brazil (Croma, Bravo, Toro, Panda).

Many drivers are interested in where going Fiat Albea. The machine is designed for Eastern Europe. Initially, Turkey was engaged in its manufacture, and after Mexico, Poland, Russia. In Russia, this car was collected at the Sollers factory in Naberezhnye Chelny. It lasted 11 years and in 2011, sales of smallness for Russian consumers stopped. On the European car market, the model can be purchased in three grades, at a price of 10.70 thousand dollars.

The main production of the Ducato minibus is located in Italy - Enterprise Sevel. Also exists Fiat Ducato russian assembly. The plant is located in Elabuga.

The model is very popular due to the enhanced suspension, multifunctionality, comfortable salon, enlarged power of body elements, carrying capacity, etc. But the most important thing is that the minibus is produced in different versions: chassis, combo and van. The latter option has four modifications intended for passenger traffic. The remaining options are six modifications for cargo transportation and eight standard.

Advantages of cars

The corporation has extensive auto-produce experience, constantly introduces innovative technologies, has a diverse model range. But not only affects high demand. So, Fiat boasts such advantages:

• individual style that forms a recognizable image;
• the use of a multitude of modern systems that help the driver and;
• different versions of equipping, which allows you to choose the desired configuration;
• powerful and;
• demand in the secondary market;
• affordable car price, service and spare parts;
• availability of various credit and leasing programs for purchase.

Brand fans will be interested in learn some little-known interesting facts:

• the company's cars are 12 times recognized as the best in Europe;
• autoconecern does not trust the production of branches, only in the states of the third world collect models that are already outdated;
• the brand was the first successfully introduced the heating system, as well as ventilation;
• FIAT 124, which is the prototype of VAZ 2101, in the late 70s became the best car;
• at the factory, the company released the first engine Common Rail ,. This event occurred in 1986;
• 1936 marks the release of the smallest car in the world, which has gained great popularity, produced by a large stream;
• FIAT PANDA has 60 modifications, and the total number of sales is 4 million (until 2000);
• the first SUV at the car market - Fiat Campagnola;
• over the production of Fiat Sedici and Suzuki SX4 work at one factory, and for this is used one base;
• famous Italians prefer brand machines. For example, Felippe Mass, Alejandro Del Piero, etc.

The main reason why brand is inferior to its Italian competitors is economy. And also there is information that despite all the advantages of the company, their cars have shortcomings. For this reason, the British translated its name as "replenish it again, Tony," the Germans speak differently: "Defects in each node."

The brand declares that it is not going to stop there and will expand international relations, as well as increase production indicators.

The Sevel Plant plant, located the elevation of the Adriatic coast of Italy, occupies a colossal territory of 1,260,000 square meters, although the "total" 375 545 "squares" has been mastered directly under production. However, if it will increase the release of machines by the pace, which is observed now, the land and the remaining "empty" lands will be not enough. Suffice to say that in last year 290 309 cars left the local conveyors, and this is planned to be released at least as much as much!

However, we are primarily interested in not "glasses", "goals", "seconds", but indicators of product quality. And, you know, it seems that this is the production of Fiat - almost the last place on the ground, where they are not built.

This indicates at least the fact that only last year the number of client appeals under warranty cases decreased by almost 20% compared with 2015. And in 2017 them, the Italians count, will be less than another 10-12 percent.

It is not curious therefore that in recent years, Russian dealers of the brand complain that their customers have become much less likely to change the old "Fiatovsky" vans to new ones. It is clear, of course, that in the process of updating car parks, the crisis raging in the country. However, in the lung segment, not changed in time, this is not a savings, but a direct loss, given the serious runs of each unit of technology and the maintenance costs and repair of the old women.

But it seems, in the case of this principle, it does not work - the cars are reliably transport goods and people, without ruining the owners frequent and not requiring replacement. And there is a number of quite objective explanations.

Start at least with components. Almost half of the details entering the plant SEVEL, MADE IN ITALY. Quite a quarter from other European partners. But despite the fact that the quality of the manufacture of parts falling on the conveyor seems to be a priori causes doubts, there is hard input control. So, let's say panels (and especially complex configuration), of which the body is brewed, check not only for compliance with the specified dimensions, geometric and other parameters, but also to accurate - to microns - the location of the connection points with each other. And they are completely extremely looking at moving body elements. It is clear that the whole "control and account" leads electronics.

And here it is necessary to say that the share of manual labor at this plant confidently seeks to zero. In the body assembly shops, for example, it does not exceed ten percent - cars are boiled robots. By the way - self-identified. Machines are taught to assess their condition and, in the event of some "ailment" cause a repair brigade. And this is not counting the planned regulatory work on the replacement of oil or then their motors. And the effect of the use of robotics impressive - the last 13 years of the conveyor here functions as the most accurate Swiss clock - not running forward and not late for a second.

And work without abrasions, as you understand, the most directly affects the quality of all welding processes and procedures. And they, by the way, quite a few. For reference: The Body "Fiat Dukato" is welded, and to be more accurate - saves 12,000 points. Basically, we repeat, by point welding, because it is more economical, and, most importantly, more reliable than the new-fashioned laser. The latest in Fiat is used in places that constantly in front of the person - mainly in the window openings.

And by the way: do you know that the driver's and passenger door Ducato is not "solid", and consisting for reliability of two parts? The first, narrow and massive, attached to the body, and the second one (the one with the window) is welded to it. In general, the welding works on the body production are occupied - no, nor little - 722 robots. And another 59 are passionate about painting machines (people are taken for brushes and paintopults only where the hand of the robot is not yet able to reach out.

But where a person is still ruled by the ball, so it is in the workshops of the final assembly - here, alas, too many small and subtle operations, which engineering thought could not mechanize. And from the employer's point of view, this is the most cost production site, since a lot of resources goes to combat the notorious human factor. Suffice it to say that there is a post, the duties of which include checking all without exception cars coming from the conveyor. The brigade "nicknames", "looks through", "proves", "pronounced" and "plows" ready car from all sides. Job hello If you consider that in this workshop, the car receives more than 4,000 different parts, including the engine, transmission and chassis.

And if the "Fiatovsky OSCE" detects a defect, it causes a brigadier in the exposure brigade to eliminate it. It happens quite lively.

Nobody calls anyone, does not dream siren and does not send the messenger. Just in the workshop begins to play a cheerful music, and an error code with an indication of the guilty in it lights up on a special scoreboard.

It is curious that after the removal of marriage, the memory of it remains forever in the form of the so-called BAR code in the electronic passport of the machine. What, by the way, is very useful for her future owner, because official dealers of brands worldwide have access to this "medical history", including Russian. That is, in the case of an unexpected and unforeseen breakdown, they have the opportunity to quite quickly understand whether it is connected with the "childhood" of the ward.

And so close attention to the quality of products is clear. In particular, because the main sales market is Germany, where the Italians are practically angry with Mercedes, occupying after it

Multidisciplinary Concern "Fiat" is one of the largest European car manufacturers and special purpose techniques. Today we will talk about his history and popular models.

The history of the formation of the brand "Fiat"

The foundation date of the Italian company is considered to be 1899. It was this year that a factory in the Italian city of Torino, a group of engineers opened production on the assembly of passenger cars under the license "Renault". First own car Fiat released in 1901. Simultaneously with the production of cars, the company mastered and began to produce aviation and ship power units. An important stage in the development of the company was 1912, in which the new Lingotto factory began serial, and most importantly, conveyor production of cars. To this period, the company began production trucks and buses.

Before the start of the war, the company managed to become the leader of the European automotive industry, almost annually updating the model range of its passenger cars. In the post-war period "Fiat" produced upgraded pre-war cars.

After the sixties of the last century, the company began a rapid development, and now "Fiat" is the manufacturer of the most diverse technology.

Products of subsidiaries "Fiat"

In our country, the brand "Fiat" is most associated with passenger cars. But the range of products manufactured by subsidiaries in different countries Fiat manufacturers, much wider and includes the following special technique:

• excavators, bulldozers, loaders - CASE (construction equipment), New Holland Construction;
• combines, tractors, agricultural equipment - Case IH, Steyr;
• fire technician - Magirus ("Magirus");
• buses Trolleybuses - Irisbus (Irisbas);
• trucks - Astra ("Astra");
• military equipment - Iveco Defence Vehicles.

On the release of engines, transmissions, car units and metalworking specializes FIAT POWERTRAIN TECHNOLOGIES.

Automotive Direction "Fiat"

The concern's structure includes a number of well-known companies specializing in the production of cars. These are the following firms:

• Maserati (Maserati) - business class cars, sports cars;
• Alfa Romeo ("Alpha Romeo") - passenger cars;
• Ferrari (Ferrari) - exclusive sports and racing cars;
• Chrysler (Chrysler) - passenger cars, crossovers, SUVs;
• Lancia (Liancha) - passenger models, minivans;
• ABARTH ("Abart") - sports cars based on Fiat serial models;
• MOPAR - release of spare parts.

According to the location of subsidiaries, the answer to the question of who releases the Fiat, the manufacturer, except Italy, should recognize the United States, where Chrysler is located.

Cars manufactured under the fiat brand

In addition to the listed cars produced by the subsidiary manufacturers "Fiat" in Europe and America, under their own name, the following models of passenger cars are currently produced indicated in Table 1.

In addition to the passenger cars, under the name "Fiat", a commercial model of the minibus "Ducato" is produced in performances:

1. Van.
2. Combi
3. Chassis.

Option The van has four modifications for passenger traffic. On the basis of the versions of the combi and chassis, six options for freight execution and eight standard special vehicles are made.

The manufacturer "Fiat Dukato" in the country is the domestic company Sollers. The manufacture of a car is performed on the production facilities of the company in the city of Elabuga.

Dignity of cars "Fiat"

With great experience in the development and production of cars (12 premiums of the best car of the year), the company successfully uses it together with innovative technologies for the release of modern models. Such a fusion along with quite diverse model near Promotes high demand for cars of the brand. In addition, the manufactured cars "Fiat" is characterized by the following advantages:

• individual design forming a recognizable external image;
• the presence of a large number of modern support systems for driver and safety;
• a variety of versions of equipping, allowing you to choose the necessary complete set;
• powerful and economical power units;
• affordable cost;
• inexpensive service and low cost of spare parts;
• the possibility of acquiring a selected car on various credit and leasing programs;
• good demand in the secondary market.

The benefits can be attributed that the Fiat car manufacturers are completely different.

Sedan "Fiat Albea"

Compact car company has developed specifically for Eastern Europe. As a base for the novelty used the Paleo model. Considering the specifics of sales and upcoming operating conditions, the following qualities were initially laid in the design of the car:

• big ground clearance;
• spacious salon with high-quality finish;
• reinforced suspension;
• galvanized body;
• increased trunk volume;
• budget value.

The initial manufacturer of Fiat Albea is Turkey. Hence the sedan exported to European countries. In the future, the number of countries "Fiat Albea" producers increased, they became Poland and Russia.

In our country, the model has been made from 2000 to 2011 at the facilities of Sollers. Despite the cessation of small sales in Russia, in Europe, Albea sedan is sold in three sets, and cost ranges from 10.70 thousand to 12.90 thousand dollars.

"Fiat Ducato"

Minibus "Ducato" is manufactured by the company since 1981. Distinctive features of the novelty immediately became a large number of options for complete sets and the ability to choose from one of the six power units. Currently, the modification of the car sample 2016 is also sold. The model has become a leader in sales of commercial minibuses. The basis of such success was the following dukato:

• modern design;
• multifunctionality;
• the presence of three wheelbase options;
• comfortable salon;
• increased power of body elements;
• enhanced suspension design;
• load capacity;
• efficiency in operation;
• affordable cost;
• rich equipment;
• powerful power units.

The main manufacturer of Fiat Ducato for European countries is SEVEL located in Italy.

Placement of car production

Like all the leading autocontracens of the world, the Italian company places its production in various countries to be closer to the most popular sales markets. Table 2 presents the "Fiat" producers, where the largest production facilities of the concern are located and the produced models are presented under the Fiat brand.

It is necessary to note the presence of assembly areas in the countries of manufacturers "Fiat" in Egypt (African market) and China (Asian region).

Sale of small masters in Russia

In addition to the minibus "Ducato" at present in the salons official dealers The following compact passenger cars of the brand are sold:

1. "500". Subcompact small-scale, designed primarily for operation in urban conditions. It has an unusual appearance, high security (five stars from Euro NCAP), rich in a complete set, into which already in the basic execution includes:

• air conditioning;
• seven airbags;
• on-board computer;
• remote door opening;
• assistant emergency braking.

Also in the salons are two sports modifications of this model under the designation of 500GQ and 500 Sport.

2. "Punto". Compact passenger car, produced in 1993. It has a bright dynamic design that forms a modern external image. In our country, sold in four different options for configuration in the body of the hatchback. It has a rich equipment, among which you can allocate:

• multifunctional steering wheel with electric power and the ability to select the control mode;
• on-board computer;
• air conditioning;
• lock with remote control;
• seven airbags;
• system "Start / Stop";
• various interior trim options.

To the question of which the manufacturer's "Fiat" russian marketIt should be answered that these are enterprises of Poland and Italy.

Minivan for domestic buyers

The appearance of the all-wheel drive model "Frymont" in the domestic market is associated with the company's desire to increase the segment of cars sold in our country through the entry into the market of universal family machines. The cars of this class are quite popular in Russia.

Frymont has a powerful appearance stylized under the crossover; in which it is allocated:

• multistage front bumper;
• wide wheeled arches;
• large lines of stamping hood;
• plastic lining, imitating front and rear protection.

Traditionally, for Fiat models, minivan got rich equipment:

• multimedia complex with sensory monitor;
• multifunctional steering wheel;
• seats with lots of adjustments;
• two-zone climate control;
• 17-inch discs;
• parking controller;
• starting the engine from the button;
• pressure and light sensors;

The cost of new products in domestic salons begins from 1.30 million rubles.

"Fiat" in Russia

The first cars "Fiat" appeared in our country in 1915, but the deliveries continued not long. The next large and important stage of the appearance of Italians in Russia, it is necessary to consider the construction of Volzhsky car factory and the creation of the production of passenger cars under the brand VAZ. The basis for the first model of the new plant was chosen by the "Fiat 124". The car was redesigned together with Italian and Soviet engineers to be able to operate in domestic conditions. After successful tests, the basement was put on the conveyor.

The new model turned out to be so successful that several modifications were held, and the subsequent cars of the plant were developed on its basis, the release of which continued almost to 2000.

Nowadays, the most successful result of cooperation is necessary to name the production of the Ducato minibus model in conjunction with the Russian company Sollers. At the factory in Elabuga, several modifications of this model are made. In addition, on the basis of Fiat Dukato, the manufacturer performs the release of special purpose machines.

Cars from Italy in Russia are appreciated primarily for their elegance and practicality. Italian roots are clearly visible in the largest Russian manufacturer of AvtoVAZ. Togliatti VAZ-2101 is actually well-known in Italy.

In this article, consider the questions of the models of "Fiat" of the Russian assembly and remember the story of the brand. How good and popular "fiants" in Russia? What cars from Italy are going to the Russian Federation? We will also analyze the main advantages and disadvantages.

Fiat and Association

What first comes to mind when FIAT is heard? The musical sound immediately says that the Fiat manufacturer is Italy. In fact, the history of this famous company is closely related to the history of Russia. Something always pulled Italian manufacturers to Russian expanses. And no wonder Vase is a pure Italian.

It is surprising that over the next time "Fiat" did not fix with us. Yes, there was a cooperation with Sollers. But it did not last and did not go into something more. Already in 2011, cooperation, which lasted 5 years, ceased. During this time, the production of "local" "Fiat Albea", "Fiat Opto" and "Fiat Ducato" was established. The process of manufacturing cars was reduced to the assembly of finished nodes brought from abroad. At the same time, our assembly cars were well sold and were very popular.

Italian manufacturers "Fiat" do not lose and boldly build prospects for cooperation. Most often in their ambitious proposals, numbers of cars are released approximately 500 thousand per year and on a newly constructed factory.

A bit of history

The company's history began in 1899 in the city of Torino, which is in the north of Italy. In the first car from Fiat, the driver was sitting behind, and passengers ahead. Management was carried out with the help of levers. The steering wheel appeared later. Since 1911, the company tries in the production of racing cars. Successful release of S76 allowed to continue and develop this direction.

The desire to evolve and experiment led Fiat to create a huge empire. Today Fiat is a manufacturer of not only cars of all types and appointments, but also aircraft, trains and engines to the courts of different displacement and destination.

And then, even in the last century, the company was taken for any undertaking. During the war, Fiat mastered the release of aircraft, tanks and armored vehicles. From the end of the 60s, the Fiat becomes a corporation, which includes Ferrari, Lunch, Alpha Romeo and Maserati.

In 1999, Fiat celebrated his century. Today, the global concern for the production of equipment is difficult to call a straw. More than a century of continuous development harden Fiat and gave a good push. Constantly designed new concepts and modern cars are put into operation. More than 130 own scientific centers worldwide are actively helping.

Basic production capacity

In modern reality, the size of the Corporation "Fiat" is impressive. Under the common wing is more than 1000 companies in 61 countries around the world. The number of FIAT employees is about 220 thousand, among which half work outside the borders of Italy. In a percentage ratio, about 46% of all production facilities are located outside the homeland.

Own Fiat plants has in Brazil, Argentina and Poland. At the same time, the Brazilian production site is the largest. With maximum loading, the automotive plane is able to produce 3000 cars per day! Manufacturer's country "Fiat" not only Italy. There are many joint ventures in France, Egypt, South Africa, Turkey, China and India. Cooperation everywhere is built in different ways. Somewhere, as it was in Russia, there is only an assembly of nodes from Italy, and somewhere at one plant can be collected both "Fiat" and local technicians.

The concern plans are even greater expansion of Africa, Europe and America. After all, the main concept was and remains that as many people can be connected to the most advanced technologies through Fiat cars.

Model Row "Fiat"

The production of Russian "fiats" was discontinued in 2011. Since then, new Doblo, Albea and Ducato will not get it. What can the Russians be pleased with the company today? In 2016, the model range of the automaker is limited only 3 cars:

• Punto;
• Fullback.

The five hundred "Fiat", whose manufacturer is native Italy, is a neat and compact hatchback. The car may have either a 1.2-liter gasoline power unit, or a 0.9-liter turbocharged or a 1.3-liter diesel.

Punto is a modest hatchback, also having a choice of two power units with 1.4 liters, but different power. As for now, two options are offered: classical mechanics and robotic automatic.

Fullback is a clone of a Japanese car All-wheel drive car, produced at the manufacturing site in Thailand, perfectly complements the Fiat car line. But for this car to the question: "Fulbek Fiat" - what is the manufacturer's country? "- You can answer: not Italy.

For those who have no restriction within the borders of living, Fiat offers a much greater lineup. Among them, the cute Fiat Panda is distinguished, which has a all-wheel drive version. In addition to him, you can purchase such Fiat as Mobi, Uno, Palio, Linea, Ottimo, Viaggio and Freemont.

Russian assemblies "FIATA"

Despite the fact that today there are no joint ventures with Fiat, there are cars that deserve separate attention. It is so loved by Albea, Doblo and Ducato. Cooperation with Sollers did not pass in vain. Ducato was the most popular car in its class for several years.

Despite the active and successful sales of Russian Ducato and Doblo, there were a lot of criticism towards just our assembly. Somewhere noted the gaps of more than provided by the plant, size, somewhere defective products in the car. At the same time, the criticism did not interfere with cars become popular. "Fiat Ducato", the manufacturer of which is a plant in Elabuga, simply did not have competitors at one time.

FIAT DOBLO

This model was produced in Naberezhnye Chelny when Fiat actively collaborated with Sollers. When developing this model, the designers took the FIAT CARGO as the basis. The resulting compact car immediately found his connoisseurs. He liked in Russia. Producers "Fiat Ode" offered several modifications that included passenger, cargo-passenger and purely cargo options.

The car had a 1.4-liter power unit, 77 "horses" and supplied with a 5-speed gearbox. Fiat Opelo has a country producer like Russia. Why didn't you see? Because we only produced the assembly of the main nodes, which, in turn, were manufactured at the subsidiary of Fiat in Turkey.

FIAT ALBEA.

It was from "Albea" the production of "Russian Italians" began. At the factory in Naberezhnye Chelny in 2007, the first car saw the light. It was a classic sedan of the most simple external view. As a power unit stood a 1.4-liter engine. Since 2011, the car has stopped being issued due to moral aging.

Many motorists did not like a weak and non-dynamic engine, as well as simple external and internal design. Yes, it was budget carBut time places its requirements. For the same money, competitors are already developing more modern bodies and "stuff" them with all sorts of technical innovations.

The producer country "Fiat Albea" - Russia, so the car had and positive parties:

• spacious salon;
• comfortable seats;
• spacious luggage compartment;
• good clearance;
• economical fuel consumption;
• budget value.

Fiat Ducato Rus.

At one time, Ducato was the most popular car in his class. Russian version from "Sollers" was in service only a turbocharged diesel with 2.3 liters in volume and mechanical gearbox. 244 car body has become a Russian designation. Just as at one time in Europe, "Ducato" was produced in several versions: pure cargo and cargo-passenger. In this case, there was an elongated body.

Convenient and practical "Fiat Dukato", whose manufacturer's country - Russia, possessed good dynamic and comfortable salon of foreign cars. Among the shortcomings it is worth noting some confusion when selecting spare parts. But this problem first existed for all spare parts catalogs simply did not have time to refine.

Updated and modern Ducato

Among the commercial vehicles, Ducato was always famous for their versatility and amenities at affordable prices. The sixth generation "Ducato" is no exception. Italian engineers combined incompatible. Cargo commercial vehicles are easy and simply combined with a comfortable and technically equipped passenger car. Several modifications of the new Ducato allow you to solve a wide range of tasks for business. The most "strong" version of the car can lift up to 4 tons of payload.

What is concrete new appeared in Fiat Ducato? According to Italian developers, the car's body and doors are enhanced in the car. Suspension, brake mechanisms and clutch are also reinforced and processed for longer operation. Among the "know-how" modern paint coating of white color, as well as a recycled turbine, allowing even faster to disperse the car with a smaller fuel consumption. The 6th generation of 100 km of the 6th generation consumes only 7.3 liters of fuel.

The company "Fiat" is famous not only by its cars. Among the products of the concern, many agricultural machinery and equipment, as well as a ruler for the production of spare parts Magneti Marelli.

Among historical factswhich may be interesting, there are such:

• the first heating and ventilation system was FIAT;
• the first SUV is also "Fiat" - "campaign";
• the well-known injection system Common Rail was developed by Fiat and Bosch;
• Fiat Sedici and Japanese are made on one basis and at one factory.

There is information that, despite the use of advanced technologies and exquisite design, Fiat has flaws in quality. Because of what the name "Fiat" English-speaking inhabitants are translated as "replenish it again, Tony." German motorists have their own translation: "Defects in each node". Therefore, the statement: "The manufacturer's" Fiat "- Italy," does not always talk about the quality of products.

Conclusion

World Concern Fiat cars are not the most popular. They will not meet in various topics of sales. At the same time, the company is actively developing and has more than a century of history.