After I published an article, questions about the rest of the nodes fell on the blog. Namely, how to identify one or another malfunction. And now a few people ask a question about the hub bearing, namely how to understand that he is faulty. Today I will also try to explain simply and understand how to determine the breakdown with my own hands ...
Hub Bearing very important elementwithout him the wheel of the car would not be spinning. It experiences truly high loads, and therefore should be made of wear-resistant high-quality materials. However, from the time, from a large mileage or simply irregular operation of the car, this item may fail. It is necessary to change it - necessarily, and otherwise you can provoke a large accident.
Causes of breakdown
To be honest, the bearing is a very durable part of the hub. And to "kill" it needs to be tried! Most likely, you will fail all sorts of racks, rubber sleeves And other attached parts, but if you can deal with this item.
1) Big mileage . No matter how tritely sounded, but the big mileage of the car wear out all the nodes, and the bearing is not an exception. This is the main cause of a malfunction, the rest are secondary. About 70 - 120,000 kilometers, different manufacturers differently. You will hear a characteristic crunch. It suggests that this item needs to be changed.
2) Loss of tightness . The bearing has a little lubricant, which is closed by special rubber or plastic housings. If they are destroyed, the lubricant comes out and wear becomes much more. After a couple of thousand kilometers, you can hear the characteristic hum, which indicates a malfunction.
3) Neakkurat riding . If you can constantly fly into the pits at high speeds, it also takes this node slightly. Although as I wrote above, other elements of the suspension will be faster.
4) Wrong Pressing . This is a secondary reason, the new bearing may not be incorrectly pressed, for example - by defrost. Thus, when moving, it will not stand correctly, that it quickly makes it quickly, after about a couple - the top three thousand kilometers will need to change again.
5) If too strongly tightened . It happened especially on our domestic car, the bearing was dragged when replacing, thus he had heated more than usual, which also helps to reduce the resource and the subsequent breakage. So you need to consider twisting strength, usually it is specified in the instructions.
These are all the main reasons, however, as you see the two latter, this is the "hand curves" of the car service. So change only at proven stations that give a guarantee of work. Sometimes it is more profitable to look at the official stations.
Symptoms breakdown
Here is the most interesting thing - how to determine the malfunction, there are several one hundred percent methods.
1) "Dry" crunch . When the hub bearing fails, the sound appears as if crunch when driving. This is rolled up spherical elements. They smashed the clip in which were and are now located not evenly. You can't confuse this sound, believe me, in the cabin, this sound is perfectly heard. This is the very first symptom - how such a sound appeared right away at a hundred.
2) Vibration . If the bearing is already well worn, the vibration should appear, both in the steering wheel and in the body. This suggests that spherical elements have already been well wear a bearing clip, "Klin" may come a little more and possibly. We urgently change.
3) Car pulls to the side . It is also possible, part with a faulty item is not working normally - if it can be shattered, it stops a little, and therefore the car will pull in one direction or another, as if incorrectly.
What will happen if not change
Many car enthusiasts ride with faulty hub bearings, and they also accelerate under 100 and above kilometers per hour - the guys are very dangerous, remember this binding element of the wheel, which is responsible for its rotation. If he is broken, then at any time it can jam. And this is a sharp stop of one of the front wheels. Now imagine if you have a speed of 100 km / h - you are at such a speed just to fly to the side of the road at best, but you can fly to the "oncoming", and here before the accident not far. There have been cases when the cars turned over. So the guys bearing the hub is very dangerous if you do not want to change so ride with low speeds, up to 40 km / h, otherwise everything will end everything very much smoothly.
Determine the malfunction yourself (at home)
In general, in addition to the crunch, which you will constantly hear when moving. You can determine the signs of yourself literally around the house.
1) I exhibit the car on a flat, preferably an asphalt pad.
2) You need to check the backlash on the vertical axis. To do this, take the wheel at the top point and trying to get it out of all his strength. If you hear clicks and there is a backlash, then it is definitely "hub".
3) For complete confidence, you can raise the wheel on the jack and rotate it. If a crunch is heard - a malfunction.
4) there is another method (only works on front drive), but it is advisable to do it on the lift. You need to raise the car, start, turn on the transmission and dispersed the wheels, then the mooring motor and listen. That side that will make noise, crunch and vibrate - faulty.
Now a small video version of the article
About replacement
What I want to say - change the bearing correctly, to do it quite difficult. We need at least a couple of pulses, as well as knowledge of the car suspension. No wonder, many automakers change the wheel hub fully.
When replaced, it is important:
1) Press the bearing can be pressed only with special smooth clips (ideal to use the body from the old). Pressing the "rolling bodies" is not allowed.
2) Do not allow the pressing with sharp tools that can damage the sealing ring, which will then lead to lubricant leakage.
Everyone knows well that rotation to the drive wheels is carried out by sending the moment of rotation from the engine, through the gearbox. And what provides smoothness, uniformity and stability of rotation of the wheel around their axis? This is a hub bearing. It is this detail that allows the wheel to rotate at the right speed, smoothly and without deviations or decelerations.
Accordingly, if the wheel bearing is wearing, the rotation of the wheel becomes uneven. It is dangerous in itself. But the end of the epic ends, unless of course the bearing was replaced on time, in general the wheel jamming. Well, what is fraught with a sharp stop of one of the wheels at speed, it seems, will introduce everyone. All this is said only so that at the first signs of wear of the hub, you immediately changed it.
So, in this article we will look at the main signs of the malfunction of the hub bearing, as well as the reasons leading to its premature wear.
Hub bearing inside the hub
In principle, if we are talking about really high-quality hub bearings, they are made from materials that can withstand simply crazy loads. Thanks to this, the naved walks 120 and more than thousands of mileage kilometers. But sometimes, this period is reduced and, moreover, substantially. We list the main reasons for reducing the service life, hub bearings:
- frequent moves of wheels in pits at high speed;
- loss of lubricant liquid;
- wrong tightening when replacing;
- pressing curve when replacing;
And so, if the car falls into the pit with the wheel, and even at high speed, hub bearings, as the entire suspension, are experiencing huge loads, so as not to say overload. And if this happens often, the hub can die before the deadline. Neat ride significantly extends the service life of very many and very different parts of the car, and the hub bearing including.
If protective anthers are damaged, then the lubricant and the bearing die out of the inside of the bearing. Therefore, when replacing the hub, you need to monitor the protective elements to be installed correctly and did not damage during the installation process.
As for the wrong tightening, this is the reason that refers to the competence of specialists carrying out the replacement of the wheel bearings. If you tighten the bearing very much, it can overheat that negatively affects its resource.
Well, the skews when pressing the hub bearing leads to the fact that the loads that the bearing perceives are unevenly distributed. And this leads to uneven wear.
It should be noted that the last two factors that reduce the service life of the hub bearing relate to the work of the locksters that replace. Therefore, trust such work as a favorite car in general, only reliable and proven professionals. Especially since if you drive a car carefully, and do not check it for strength hard and regularly, to replace the wheel bearings, you will have not often.
Watch bearing malfunction symptoms
The first sign indicating the fault of the hub bearing is characteristic of such a sound. This is a distinct crunch, a knock or grinding in the wheel area. You will hear him and in the car and outside when the car passes by.
Another sign of the malfunction of the hub bearing is vibration, which is transmitted to the steering wheel and for the entire car. Therefore, to skip this symptom, it is also unlikely to succeed.
If the car leads to the first or left side, it can also be the result of problems with the hub bearing. The bottom line is that when one wheel is twisted, straight movement, alas, is impossible. In such cases, it is necessary to change the bearing, immediately.
How to determine the failure of the wheel bearing
In principle, the symptoms of the wear of the hub bearing are sufficiently eloquent and allow the source of problems with high accuracy. Nevertheless, you can check the status of the bearing, almost one hundred percent. To do this, you need to subdominate the car, put the backups under it, after which itching the wheel in the vertical plane. If you feel the backlash, the hub bearing need to be changed. You can also brighten the wheel and if with the bearing disorder, you will hear specific noise or feel uneven rotation.
Car suspension design is a rather complicated technical node. Its components are constantly being finalized, change and enhanced. But the hub bearing remains an unchanged element of the suspension of any car. How to check the element and what are the causes of its wear? Answers to these and many other questions - in our current article.
Purpose
What is this element for? The wheel bearing serves to ensure evenly rotating the wheels of the car. Thus, this mechanism is a link between the axis of the car and the hub, which is mounted on the bolts a disc with a tire.
Detail refers to rolling bearings. It consists of metal rings, between which the conical elements are pressed. The latter are separated from the body with a rubber insulator.
Resource
It is worth noting that the resource for this element can be very different. But often the service life of the hub bear (how to check it, consider it further) - about 150 thousand kilometers. The item without problems is caught up with 5 or more years of operation.
What affects the resource?
The key factor affecting this parameter is lubricant. It is laid inside the unsolved housing. The material is designed for the entire service life. Although on some domestic auto element can be dealt and serviced. Below we highlight a few factors, because of which the bearing hub fails:
How to check the function of the hub bearing? You can do this in several ways. About each of them we will tell more detail.
Method number 1.
This method involves checking the status of an element without dismantling it. Moreover, you do not need to travel to the lift or use specialized equipment. How to check the bearing? The essence of the method is extremely clear. It is necessary to dispersed the machine to 70-80 kilometers per hour and switch to the "neutral". Next, you need to carefully listen to the noise of the suspension. It is important to choose the most smooth area of \u200b\u200bthe road so that the suspension moves are minimal. If you hear any hum, it says about the bearing fault.
Also note that this hum must initially be barely noticeable. But this suggests that the process of the destruction of the clip has already begun, and it is irreversible. Over time, the hum will increase. Ultimately, it is compared with the noise of the aircraft jet turbines. But it is extremely dangerous to bring the item to such a state - the item can jam in any second.
Method number 2.
How to check the rear wheel bearing and front? Optionally look for an even polygon for this. You can drive the car to the lift. Further, your hands should take up the upper and lower part of the tire and shake it slightly in the horizontal or vertical plane. Any backlash are excluded. If you saw that the wheel is stagged with the gap, it means that the hub bearing has become unusable. Note that a small backlash is allowed on the rear wheels. But its magnitude barely exceeds hundredths of degrees. On the front axis, the backlash is not allowed at all.
If there is no possibility to use the lift, not trouble. Use the jack. But minus this method is that all four wheels are used separately (since the bearing can take up from different sides). It will take a little longer. But these are not all methods of how to check the bearing of the hub. There is another proven way.
Method number 3.
In this case, we need to apply the skills of contraloan driving. Plus this method is that we do not need to look for a long section of the road and overclock the car to high speeds. But the smooth coverage is also important. So how to check the wheel bearing? I accelerate the car up to 20-30 kilometers per hour and begin to sharply rotate the steering wheel to the right and left. So we will check how much the car's body rolls. The skid should increase if the hub bearing is faulty. All this will be accompanied by a characteristic hum. At the turns, it is intensified at times.
Also in this way we can determine which item is defective to which side. When turning to the right, the load goes to the left bearing (since the body shifts in the opposite direction). But find out, the rear is an element or front, you can only on the lift.
When buying a new bearing, it is important to check the presence of lubricants in it. Often unscrupulous manufacturers do not report it to the desired level. As a result, the element is constantly subjected to loads and fails.
There are no cases when the item was broken by 3000 km (especially on the UAZ). Optimal option - Study all the existing lubricant and apply a new one, purchased separately. Fortunately, specialized lubricants are sold now. They are distinguished by resistance to leaching and do not change properties at high temperatures.
Conclusion
So, we found out how to check the hub bearing for health. Remember that with any problems will be disturbed by the integrity of its climate. The backlash increases, the handling of the car is worst. And, of course, all the problems are accompanied by a characteristic hum. It is important to notice it at an early stage. Ride with such a bearing and further is extremely dangerous. Especially if it is an element of the front axle.
Those car owners who, taking care of their "iron horse", try to regularly diagnose its different nodes and parts, are often asked: how to determine the failure of the hub bearing? He was decided to devote to today's article.
Signs of the hub bearing malfunction.
All those who hope to read the universal instructions for diagnosing a hub bearing, I would like to immediately warn - you will not find it here, more precisely, you will find, but not in the form in which I wanted.
The fact is that the main way to determine the faulty bearing is during a rumor movement, therefore, it is quite possible, you, without knowing it, has long been diagnosed by the named node.
Doubt? Then remember how your car has behaved lately: nothing worried you? Was there no strange body vibrations? Whether there was no incomprehensible roe (or crunch) - another, not the one, then the rubber is issued when driving, and more loud and unpleasant, something remotely resembles the sound of the heating aircraft. Did not notice anything like that? So, most likely, with hub bearings in your car, everything is in order. But we will not hurry with conclusions, check all times.
- Choose a way free of movement.
- Expand on it cars up to 40-60 km per hour.
- Now, as if drawing the trajectory of his movement of the snake, alternately twist the steering wheel left and right - slightly, amplitudes at 20 degrees will be quite enough.
- Listen, does not accompany you an unusual hum. If accompanies, pay attention when it is enhanced, when you turn to the right or left. In the first case, the left front bearing will be defective, in the latter - the right front.
How to determine the fault of the hub bearing do it yourself?
For a service station for the diagnosis of hub bearings, there are special devices that are easily diagnosed with the condition and the degree of wear of bearings by means of vibromonitoring.
However, not every one of us pay the money for the fact that his wheel is simply pretty unknown and shocked. We can do it yourself.
- Slightly subdominate the machine to the verifier wheel, and better two (front or rear) at once (front or rear) were in suspended.
- One hand take the wheel at an extreme top point, the second is in the extreme bottom.
- Now try alternately to follow these points to yourself and from myself. With a faulty hub bearing, it will be good for you to get well - the "healthy" bearing does not allow this.
- If we are not just about wheels, but about drive front, then they are tested not only to the vertical deviation, but also on the horizontal. For this, hands are moved to extreme side points and alternately move their hands - to themselves and from themselves. The noise emerging is most often a sign of a faulty bearing, although it is quite possible that the problem is not in it, but in the steering rake.
Video.
aUTOEPOCHRU.
Diagnostics of the bearing of the hub
The appearance of extraneous noise from the front suspension when the car can be caused by a number of faults. One of these can be a strong wear of the left or right front wheel bearing, the replacement of which it can be performed with your own hands, as it does not need even a pit or lift for this. In this article, you know more about how to check the wheel bearing. You can identify this malfunction in several ways.
Indirect signs of the bearing bearing of the front suspension hub
In this section, you will find signs of the hub bearing fault, as well as how to check the bearing of the front wheel hub.
- A characteristic feature that the replacement of the hub bearing in Kalina is needed, is an extraneous level noise (buzz, hum) from the left or right wheel when driving. As a rule, in this case It is enhanced at high speed (more than 80-90 km / h), so it is most often noticed when moving along the highway.
- Due to the noise created by the air flow and when the tires are made with the road, it is not always possible to accurately determine the sound source. It is noteworthy that noise from the salon on the right side is often perceived as left and vice versa. In this case, it is necessary to pay attention to how the sound is changed on the turns, since at this moment the bearing accounts for an increased load. So, the disappearance of the sound when turning to the left and its amplification when turning right testifies to the wear of the left bearing of the hub. Accordingly, opposite symptoms speak of the wear of the right.
Diagnostics of the bearing of the left and right front wheel bearings
How to find out what hub bearing is buzzing?
- To make sure the front left or right wheels hub bearings are faulting, or the absence of such, it is better to check on worthwhile. Handing the front wheels and using the parking brake, it is necessary to "dispel" on the fifth gear standing on the spot the car up to 120 km / h and listen from which side there is noise. Ideally, it is better to do this with the help of a phononeoscope.
The disadvantage of the above-described method of diagnosis is the noise of the operating engine that can drown out the sound and the lack of load. A more objective symptom is the presence of a backlash that can be revealed by shaking front wheels Hands taking over the upper part of it. In addition, the wheel can be scrolled by hand, turning attention to the presence of outsided sounds and smoothness of slowing motion. In this case, the load is small, but there is no noise, which published by the engine and the PPC. It is better to produce an inspection with an assistant who will press the brake pedal without blocking the wheel completely - if the sound disappears, it's almost certain in the bearing.
The need to replace the front suspension hub bearing may indicate a strong noise from the wheel, increasing when overcoming the irregularities and turning turns. When such symptoms appear, it is necessary to more carefully check the status of the left and right wheels the hub bearings already on the place vehicle. The most objective sign of strong wear in this case will be a strong backlash wheel, which can be found by shocked by his hands. After such a diagnostics, you can determine whether you need to replace the hub bearing on Kalina.
How buzzing a hub bear
Every car enthusiast at one time came across the root during the movement of the car. The sound, similar to the motion of the train, gradually connecting with crackling, not only interferes with the driver and passengers. It can be a precursor of serious malfunctions. Ignoring the bearing hum leads to a decrease in driving safety.
How to determine which bearing is faulty? Is there a difference in the sound of the front and rear Stupits? How serious is the consequences of driving with unfamiliar bearings? Knowing the answers to these questions, each driver will be able to protect themselves in time and its passengers.
What you need to know
Gul appears, starting from a speed of 40-60 km / h. With the acceleration of the car, it increases, changes rhythm and tonality. Operation with such a bearing can lead to serious consequences.
A frequent sign of the bearing malfunction becomes a buzz on turns. If a unpleasant sound It is distributed when the steering wheel turns into the right, it means to change the left front element. Similarly, if the hub bearing is buzzing while turning to the left, then the right front element is defective.
This is due to the fact that a certain wheel is larger during the rotation. Bearings are loaded. The hub begins to vibrate, which makes a characteristic sound.
Causes of the grouse of bearing
To understand what led to the destruction of the bearing, as well as to avoid this in the future, it is necessary to know the reasons. Most frequent of them:
- hitting dirt and water under the seals;
- natural wear;
- getting wear products on work surfaces;
- lack of lubrication;
- mechanical damage;
- factory bearing marriage established when replacing.
In addition, bearings may not withstand the load due to a small dynamic load capacity. The replacement of bearings should be carried out as soon as they start to buzz. Otherwise, the wheel can jam, and then it would be better to drive the driver at low speed.
Other reasons:
- Reducing the lifetime of bearings occurs due to the use of incorrect departure wheel disks.
- The part of the part increases depending on the mass of the car.
- Increased external tire radius also adversely affects the bearing status. In this case, with lateral acceleration of the machine, the force of impact on the front hubs increases. Such a factor is especially common among jeeps.
- Faulty shock absorbers who do not cope with shock loads often become the perpetrators of the exit of sowing wheel bearings.
- Damage brake system - Reason for excess heat to the bearing. It is possible to determine this by vibration brake pedal.
- Improper execution of collapse / convergence of wheels. Incorrectly selected wheel installation angles involve the redistribution of loads.
Increased bearing wear occurs when moving in deep puddles. Negatively affects the details long operation In a strong frost or heat. Bearing badly and dusty crossed terrain. Overpensing machines, as well as long-term driving at high speed - another causes of the rapid wear of the suspension element. How to determine which bearing is buzzing? This can be done according to certain "symptoms".
Signs
When suspicion of a malfunction of one of the wheel bearings is tested, it is worth checking both front and rear wheels. In the first case, determine the defect is much easier.
Front bearings
The main feature is the bundling hum. Its volume and rhythm are changing with increasing / decreasing speed, as well as turns. Over time, the metal grinds and tapping begins to add to Gulu.
Rear bearings
Signs of the rear bearing malfunction are very similar to those similar to the front. However, the passage of snakes cannot be revealed. Most often, the hum is changing only when the speed changes. Diagnose damage can be diagnosed only after subdomains the rear wheels. More convenient to carry out a procedure on a special lift.
Sometimes during acceleration, the vibration of the brake pedal is felt. It also speaks about the malfunction of the hub bearing. The knock is made due to excessive backlash. The bearing of the hub is evenly buzzing as a result of the wear of the treadmill of separators.
How to check the bearing
With increasing speed, the suspension begins to produce the sound of the sealer. Over time, he begins to grow, delivering more and more discomfort. On time, the replaced bearing will not only get rid of the annoying sound, but also provide the long service of many suspension elements.
How to check the bearing hub:
- Reveal the backlash in horizontal and vertical planes. If the wheel "goes" means the bearing is faulty. The backlash is observed only as a last resort, when the bearing lives the last days. If MacPherson suspension is checked, a small backlash is allowed.
- When the wheel is spinning, the humids are noticeably enhanced.
- If you keep a swivel fist at the point of fastening the hub by hand, the vibration will be clearly felt when the wheel is promoting. In good condition of the bearing, no movements arise.
You can check in such ways both the front and rear wheels. This will make it possible to more accurately help determine exactly what burying bearing. Acquire and install a new item better as soon as the buzz appeared.
How long can you ride?
Some drivers after the appearance of the buzz try not to notice it. Riding with a faulty bearing sometimes lasts half a year, sometimes a few months. It is especially worth thinking about their safety when the suspension noise is enhanced.
- breeding pads - it will be impossible to slow down if necessary;
- wheel Jumping - At high speed, this development of events is dangerous for the life of the driver and passengers;
- the wheel goes away when turning and the driver loses the control of the car.
Preventing such consequences - a serious reason to replace the item at the very first signs of malfunction. The life of any hub bearing is not established by the Regulations maintenance. Most often on russian roads The right front element comes into disrepair. This is due to the ride on the roads. Road quality also strongly affects all suspension elements.
IN winter time Drivers are often confused by a burying ground with rubber noise. At first, they can really be confused. However, a few weeks later, it will be difficult to notice the characteristic sound of the reactive turbine.
The replacement is carried out either partially - the old bearing is recreated and the new bearing is placed, or completely - along with the hub. The second option is preferable when not a replacement hub explicit traces of production. With the gentle operation of the car and a calm ride, bearings can serve more than 100 thousand km.
Having understood with the peculiarities of the bearing hum, the causes of its malfunction and the order of verification, each driver will be able to diagnose the location of the problem independently. Her elimination is better to entrust professionals. However, in the presence of time and special equipment, everything can be done independently. After repair, you must perform the collapse / wheel alignment.
themechanic.ru.
Nutritional bearing malfunctions -
In this article, let's talk about possible faults Hub bear.
Basic symptoms of faulty bearing
- With a faulty hub bearing there will be a strong buzz, both in the cabin itself, despite the sound insulation and on the other hand. Being in the car, it is difficult to determine which side goes.
- With a strong wear of the bearing, the steering should be noticeable. With a large wear, the bearing bed is broken and the spherical elements begin to walk around the circumference of the bearing. The wheel, which sits hard begins, shakes from the side to the side, forming a gap. If the hub bearing is working, then he must have a backlash.
- The car will be inclined in the direction in which the faulty bearing is located. The faulty bearing spins badly, starts to slow down the movement and because of this, the car begins to pull left / right.
Diagnostics
To check the car it must be signed on the lift.
Then check the bearing clearance, shaking the wheel. If there is a gap, then you have to replace the hub bearing. In most modern cars Now 2-row bearings are used, and they go without gap.
If the clearance is not detected, we use the following method. We bring the car, we turn on the transmission, overclock the wheels, and then the wasting car. If the bearing thugs with small wheel speeds, the bearing is faulty.
The reasons for the resulting bearing set. One of the main reasons is the state of the highway. The poor condition of the road has a negative impact on the car suspension. Also reasons are: Natural Wire Bearing, poor-quality installation in car services.
By the bearing, in no case can not knock with a hammer!
If the hub bearing failure is detected, it is necessary to contact the car service.
qvarto.ru.
Pipe Bearing Fault Diagnostics
Rolling bearings are widely used in machine mechanisms, even in the most difficult conditions, they are characterized by a high degree of reliability. Premature breakdowns are extremely rare. Rolling bearings fault primarily become noticeable by the unusual behavior of the support during operation.
In the study of damaged bearings, you can define all sorts of signs.
As a rule, to determine the cause of the malfunction of one visual inspection of the bearing is not enough; Including it is necessary to take into account the condition of adjacent parts, lubricants and seals, as well as operating conditions.
Systematic actions in the study of malfunction facilitate its reasons.
Causes of faults
The service life of the wheel bearings is calculated on average to mileage up to 10,000,000 km. However, the real picture is very different from the calculated one. Some unnatural conditions can lead to premature damage to the hub bearing and reduce its resource.
- In 70% of cases, the cause of the malfunction is inappropriate lubricant: excess, insufficient or inappropriate lubrication.
- In 18% of cases, we are talking about pollution: moisture or solid material falls inside the bearing. Therefore, the seals are important, since there may be a lubricant in damage to seals, and pollution fall inside.
- In 10% of cases, the cause is the wrong installation: excessive force, overheating, incorrect adjustment and clearance, too strong tightening of the conical sleeve, etc.
Wear or damage to wheel hubs or hubs is dangerous for your customers. At least it can lead to late and expensive breakage on the road.
It is best to replace wheel hub bearings or a hub node before their failure. But how can you know when it should be done?
Chart (Fig. 1), created on the basis of millions of data on the statistics of bearings replacement, shows that the real mileage
Frequency of replacement of wheel hubs depending on the mileage
the car, when probably you need to replace the bearings - is between 130,000 and 190,000 km.
Therefore, for maximum safety and reliability, bearnel manufacturers recommend that you check the wheel hub bearings during each replacement brake shoes, regardless of the age of the car. And you should always pay attention to the first signs of bearings wear, such as noise when moving or unusual slowing down when turning the steering wheel.
Common Forms of Rolling Bearings
- overheating.
- The destruction of the outer ring.
- Skot.
- Too dense landing.
- Fatigue material.
- Dent in rolling bodies.
- Pollution.
- Incorrect lubrication.
- corrosion.
- damage to the edges of the bearing.
- Zadira.
- Incorrect load vector.
Experience shows that the majority of "defective" parts returned to distributors are in fact not. Usually their premature breakdown occurs due to other factors: from damage caused by adjacent components and systems, failures in their work, to the wrong installation.
Let's try to figure out these damage and causes that caused them.
When diagnosing malfunctions of automotive components, such signs such as scratches, dents, stripes, cracks, color change, appearance smooth surfaces etc. In many cases, these signs will immediately help establish the cause of the breakdown of the part. When diagnosing faults in the operation of the car, you should pay noise. The bearing in good condition makes a smooth, almost indistinguishable sound. If you can hear the hurt, grind or other unusual sound, then it is necessary to establish its cause.
The unusual behavior of the bearing during operation indicates a malfunction (Table 1). Bearing faults, as a rule, manifest itself a deterioration in operational qualities. A sudden failure occurs less frequently, for example, with the wrong installation or absence of lubricant, which leads to a quick breakage. Depending on the operating conditions from the moment of damage to the actual bearing failure, there may be some time under certain circumstances - several months.
| Operating behavior | Possible reasons | Result |
| Uneven move | Damage to rings and rolling bodies | Increasing vibration of wheels; Elevated backlash; Vibrations in the steering mechanism |
| Pollution | Aging vibration | |
| Too big Clearance in the bearing | Amplifying blows | |
| Unusual noise with rotation (hum or whistle) | Too small gap in the bearing | |
| Unusual noise when rotating (roar or uneven knock) | Too big gap in the bearing; damage to the rolling surface; pollution; Incorrect lubricant | |
| Gradual change in noise when rotating | Changing the gap in the bearing due to temperature effects; Damage to race track |
Nutritional bearings malfunction diagnostics
"Oval deformation"
- Remove the hub bearing from the planting hole.
- Check if there are two opposite sides of the upper surface of the outer ring on the dark spot. Ensure that both surfaces in relation to dark spots at an angle of 90 ° have no damage. If so, the landing hole is deformed and a replacement is necessary swivel fist.
- To make sure that in the rolling tracks of the outer ring, there is no development, disassemble the hub bearing on the part. At the same time, first remove the seal (for example, special ticks), and then dismantle the node consisting of the outer ring, the inner ring, separator and balls.
- Clean the rolling track tracks and check them for the presence of "sinks", which coincide with the location with dark spots on the outside of the outer ring. The presence of such "shells" indicates the "oval deformation" of the swivel fist.
This defect refers to the most common, therefore, in the process of diagnosis and repair, we recommend using the recommendations presented in Table 2.
| Problem | Cause | Elimination |
| After installation and start operation, the bearing makes a strong noise (hum). | One of the inner rings is damaged: 1. Millingness of the tightening torque. | Replace the hub and bearing. |
| 2. Installing the inner ring on the hub with a breakdown - an incorrect tool - a wedge or sleeve between the rim and contact side of the bearing ring is not parallel. | Replace the hub bearing entirely. | |
| 3. Too strong oval deformation of the planting opening, which is strongly limited to the radial clearance of the hub bearing in the narrow zones of "oval deformation". | ||
| 4. The landing hole in the swivel fist is damaged. | ||
| 5. Deep scratches or scores caused by incorrect dismantling, both on the hub contact surface and on the stepted bearing. | Eliminate small hub defects (for example, polishing) or replace the hub and bearing. | |
| The hub bearing begins to make noise after a certain run (500 - 3000 km) | The landing hole in the swivel fist has an average "oval deformation", sufficient to limit the radial clearance in the bearing and lead to the damage described in the previous paragraph. | Replace swivel fist and wheel bearing. |
| Excessive heat dissipation at the beginning of operation | 1. The axial clearance in the bearing between the hub and the swivel fist is strongly limited. Incorrect positioning or installation. | Check the positioning of the swivel fist and the hub, if necessary, repeat. |
| 2. Because of the wrong installation of the hub bearing in the planting hole (there are no stop rings in the fastening jacks), the axial offset of the bearing and the hub gradually occurs. The rotating hub hurts for a fixed bearing socket. Due to strong friction, the temperature in the field of the hub bearing increases. In this case, the lubricant is burning, which leads to the bearing output. | Dismantle the hub bearing and check the presence of stubborn rings. If necessary, replace the hub bearing. |
Damage to race track
This can occur due to several reasons:
Impact effect on the inner ring when mounting the bearing (Fig. 2).
Fit to the bearing of the foreign body (Fig. 3).
Inituating into the bearing of the foreign body, caused by wear and subsequent painting of the surface of the ring (Fig. 4).
Excess static bearing capacity.
Falling bearing or mounted node.
As a result, dents in rolling bodies are manifested in the form of depressed places in rolling tracks, which enhances the vibration of the bearing (hum). Strong dents can lead to premature bearing output.
In order for such a problem, the mechanic must mount and dismantle the bearing only with a special tool, which we will still fill in the future. And apply a force for pressing on a tightly planted ring.
Damage of the surface of the outer ring of the bearing (Fig. 5)
Full text of the article: See "Archive" Magazine "Automaster" No. 1-2 2008 Sergey Uktusov, full version with drawings.
http://a-master.com.ua/archives/1430
http://a-master.com.ua/archives/1406.
The hub is an element of the chassis of the car, ensures the connection of the wheel with the axis. Due to the wheel bearings, protruding the intermediate link between the hub and the axis, the wheel rotates with minimal resistance.
Design and principle of operation
The wheel bearings are one of the highest loads of the machine. They have pressure full mass Auto, multidirectional loads arising from accelerations, movements in irregularities. Therefore, very serious requirements are put forward to these nodes, since the safety of motion directly depends on them.
In the design of the car in the hubs use rolling bearings. In the car hubs, different, although it is defined and consist of several parts:
- cute, they are rings (outdoor and internal);
- rolling bodies;
- separator;
Rings of bearings act as supporting surfaces for rolling bodies, which are placed between climax. The outer ring bearing is installed in the hole of the hub, and the inner it sits on the axis.
For the uniform distribution of rolling bodies around the circle, the separator is used. The problem of the separator also includes the exclusion of contact of these bodies among themselves.
Additionally, in the design of certain types of wheel bearings, preventing dust and dirt from entering the node. Such nodes are considered closed.
Varieties
Classification of rolling bearings
The balls and rollers (cylindrical or conical) are rollers and rollers (cylindrical or conical) in the bearings of the hub. The number of rings of rolling bodies is one or two.
Radial () and radial-resistant (roller conical) bearings were obtained the greatest distribution.
In modern models, equipped with ABS, the bearing is part of The hub itself. It is closed and maintained, its resource is equal to the service life of the car. In case of failure of the node, it is necessary to change the hub assembly.
Radial bearings are installed one by one on the hub. They are closed and maintained, the adjustment for them is not envisaged, and possible hubs are eliminated by landing into the hub and on the axis with strong tension.
As for radially resistant bearings, they are often installed two on the hub. Such nodes are open and landing with a little tension. This design allows adjustment to eliminate the backlats.
Radial wheel bearings are used on the driving axis, and on the slave - radially resistant. For example, on the VAZ-2107 behind the onset on one ball hub bearing, and two conical nodes are in front. But on the VAZ-2108 cylindrical element, and the double-row, is used on the front axle, and the conical are installed behind.
Signs of Watch Bearing Bearing, Diagnostics
The resource of bearings is about 100 thousand km. But on the service life directly affect the features of the operation of the car, the quality of the manufacture of nodes and timely maintenance.
Frequent riding on bad roads and ignoring adjustments for (in conical bearings) lead to enhanced wear of rolling bodies and their tracks on rings. Ingestion of dust and sand reduce the resource of bearings.
At the same time, it is impossible to allow critical wear and destruction of nodes, otherwise the likelihood of the bearing is likely, accompanied by a breakdown of the wheel from the axis or its jam.
The main feature of the wear of the wheel bearings is the appearance of a distinct grumble from the wheels while driving. With insignificant wear, the hum is quiet, but gradually it will increase. Operation of the car at such signs is possible, but better in the shortest possible time to diagnose the state and replace or adjust the wheel bearings.
Critical wear signal is the appearance of a crunch. This indicates the destruction of the bearing. It is impossible to operate the car under such signs, and the damaged node requires replacement.
Diagnostics of hub bearings - the operation is not difficult, each can perform. It is necessary to hang the wheel, to bring it to determine whether there are no jams and subflores. Next, it is necessary to defeat the wheel, keeping it at the top and bottom. On radial cylindrical bearings, the backlash is not allowed. But in the radial-stubborn items, he may be present, but insignificant.
Video: How to check the wheel bearing?
The backlash in cylindrical nodes signals strong wear and need to replace, since they are unregulated. But the backlash in the conical bearings can be eliminated.
Adjustment work
For adjusting work A standard set of keys, hammer and screwdriver will be required. On all cars almost identical and differ only in some details. Adjustment technology is:
- We will weaken the wheel bolts on the hub, which must be adjusted;
- With the help of post and remove the wheel;
- Using a hammer and a screwdriver, pick up a protective cap, installed in the center of the hub;
- Passatages flex a stopper mustlee and pull it out;
- Watch the hub nut until it stops, and after turning back to ¼ turn;
- Check the ease of rotation of the hub. It should be spinning easily and without jail;
- We collect everything back and check the backlash again.
If it is not possible to eliminate the play by adjusting, or there is a swallowing and crunch when rotating, the bearing is subject to replacement.
As already noted, the cylindrical bearings are not regulated, therefore the appearance of the roe and the detection of the backlash indicates the need for replacement.
Nuances when replacing
The replacement technology of the hub bearing is not complicated, but requires the presence of special equipment - the press or at least powerful plumbing vice.
The method of clogging a node using a hammer with a mentor when working with hubs is not suitable, since the high probability of damage landing Bearing in the hub or node skew.
When installing a new bearing, pay attention to the ease of landing. The node should sit down in the hub very tight, the small resistance indicates the wear of the landing place. In this case, it is subject to replacement.
If after installing the new bearing and the assembly of the movement of the backlash in the hub with a cylindrical bearing remained, it also indicates the wear of the landing place.
In the process of landing a new node special attention Centen the bearing center, otherwise it can go to the skew and damage the surface of the landing place.
