In this review, we will tell and show: how to distinguish winter tires from the summer.
Such a description will help motorists choose the wheels they need for the season for their car, and make their movement safe. Installing the "correct" tires will also help to avoid claims from traffic police officers.
The modern industry produces a large number of seasonal "shoes" for cars.
They all differ from each other in the following factors.
By tread
Products for winter have a pronounced pattern with embossed details, deep channels, and numerous lamellas. They serve to drain snow and water from under the wheels of the car and secure adhesion to road surface.
There are two types of pattern: European and Scandinavian.
First characterized by a wide web of grooves located diagonally. This option is more suitable for normal winter weather conditions.
Second- with deep sipes and prominent relief, it is used for snowy roads.
The summer tire does not have a fine groove network, the channels have small indentations.
The presence of thorns
They are good at helping to "hold" the road.
The second option is Velcro. It must be remembered that this is not an all-season tire, and it is not recommended to use it in the summer. It is made of a softer material and has a powerful network of miniature cross-blades.
Fewer branch ducts per summer tread make it quieter than winter tires. This affects the comfort of travel by car.
By material
The tire for the warm season is made of a tougher material, since traction is carried out by friction. The tire for winter is soft, elastic. This affects at low subzero temperatures, when the rubber does not tan, but retains its working qualities.
By marking
In addition to standard size and others technical characteristics the sides display seasonality information. A product for cold weather can be distinguished by an asterisk, M + S marking.
I hope that you have figured out the question of determining the winter and summer wheels. Right choice tires - the guarantor of trouble-free traffic on the roads.
As a general rule of thumb, safe driving is based on the use of tires that are fully compatible with the weather conditions. New cars are most often immediately sold with a mandatory set of demi-season or summer tires. But with the onset of cold weather, car operation becomes unsafe. That is why it is very important to learn how to correctly distinguish summer tires from winter ones, because sometimes not only health, but also life can depend on your choice.
Definition
Winter tires Is a seasonal variety of tires designed for high-quality adhesion to the road surface at an air temperature of no more than minus five degrees. There are two common types of winter tires: studded and friction tires. Treads are also of great importance. winter tires.
Summer tires Is a type of rubber with clearly defined longitudinal grooves for draining fluid from the contact spots of the tread with the road surface, as well as with weakly expressed transverse grooves and a complete absence of micro-pattern. Among other things, they have a rounded smooth transition from the protectors to the sidewalls.
Comparison
The main difference between winter and summer tires is the quality of the rubber alloy. Winter tires have better grip on the road surface, as well as provide good handling and shorten braking distances. Winter tires have a very interesting property: they are able to warm up while driving at very low temperatures, while they become softer and more elastic. It is elasticity that provides excellent grip on the road.
Summer rubber has the opposite qualities: even when driving fast and at high temperatures, it cools down, becoming very hard and shaped. This quality makes summer tires ideal for fast driving, but only on good roads. The difference between summer and winter tires is their shelf life. For example, summer tires much more wear-resistant than winter. Therefore, you need to change it about three times more often.
One of the most important qualities of rubber is considered maximum speed, at which you can ride it. In this, winter tires are in many ways inferior to summer ones. Even with very good grip, it is not recommended to drive faster than 140 km / h in winter time... When buying winter tires, you should be extremely careful, because traffic safety depends on their quality. Trust only trusted brands that are constantly working to improve their products through numerous tests.
Differences in appearance
When it comes to the differences between summer and winter tires, one begins to pay attention to the differences in grip, to the different chemical compositions of the rubber. But almost no one mentions external signs of difference, and many inexperienced drivers even say that they do not exist.
Of course, immediately determine external differences between summer and winter tires is quite problematic. However, this does not mean that they do not exist. Here are just the main signs of the difference between tires on outward appearance:
Conclusions site
- Driving speed, on winter tires, it is much lower.
- Summer tires do not have a pronounced tread pattern or studs, unlike winter ones.
- The winter rubber alloy is much softer and more elastic, due to which excellent grip is observed.
- The shelf life of winter tires is longer than summer tires.
How important it is that the tires meet different weather conditions can be understood by watching at least one Formula 1 race. More than half of the comments are made up of a discussion of which tires are on which car, whether they need to be changed, how many laps they have covered, etc. In the Grand Prix, a change in the air or asphalt temperature by a couple of degrees can seriously affect both the result and safety ... What can we say about seasonal fluctuations in our continental climate?
So what's the connection between temperature and tire choice? - Direct. Everyone has ever seen spectacular shots of how objects are broken, immersed in liquid nitrogen: super-low temperatures destroy bonds and the object becomes fragile. But even a difference of 10-20 ˚C can radically change the properties of matter. All this is also true in relation to rubber as the main component. car tires... The lower the temperature, the harder the tire. At the same time, its adhesion properties, which negatively affects handling and braking. As the temperature rises, the grip properties increase, the rolling resistance arises, and as a result, the fuel consumption and tire wear increase.
To balance these processes, tire companies have developed summer and winter tires that differ in chemical composition and tread pattern.
Rubber used in summer tires, harder, withstands contact with asphalt heated in the heat, quite wear-resistant. Its properties are balanced between traction and rolling resistance, the tire is elastic enough to "keep" the car on the course, but it does not wear out over 100 km of run. At low temperatures, the tire becomes stiff, and the ability to make confident contact with the road is rapidly reduced, the rolling process begins to look more like sliding.
Winter tires have a softer rubber composition, therefore, at positive temperatures, it becomes very soft and wears out quickly. But when the thermometer reads below 0, the winter tire is flexible enough to enable you to drive confidently. In addition to the chemical composition itself, a winter tire can be more porous to increase the contact area. This is especially good for driving on ice, when the smallest irregularities cling to almost smooth surface, shortening the stopping distance.
The boundary temperature for both types of tires is +10 ˚С. When it is installed, it is better to "change your shoes".
As for the drawing, then in the summer version it has more longitudinal and outlet grooves, which are necessary to remove moisture from the contact patch and reduce the consequences of aquaplaning. The same outlet grooves are typical for winter tires, but they are deeper, and the blocks that they separate are larger. Part of the pattern has a lateral direction for better grip on slippery surfaces.
This is also served by a large number of lamellas (small cuts in the profile blocks), which make the tire more elastic and adaptable to the surface. Winter tires can be studded to improve traction on slippery surfaces and snow.There are also so-called All-season tires... This is the most a budget option but it has more disadvantages borrowed from summer and winter tires than advantages. So, in summer, these tires wear out faster due to their greater softness, and in winter they are less elastic. Best of all "all-season" behaves in near-zero temperatures.
Whatever the conditions of the air temperature or the presence of precipitation on the road, the car must, in any case, keep clear contact with the road in winter, summer, and during transitional seasons. This is extremely important in order to achieve a normal level of safety. The 7 ° C limit, which all drivers are guided by for "changing shoes" of the car, can protect yourself from most of the road troubles associated with the change of seasons. But here one important additional point should be noted: for some time summer, winter and all-season tires were distinguished. Today, the Regulations of the Customs Union, which are also valid on the territory of Russia, no longer recognize such a concept as “ all season tires". In Europe, to which Ukraine and the Baltic countries are actively reorienting, there is also no such concept. By and large, practical analysis shows that the features of tires that are presented as "all-season" are simply a reduced version of either summer or, more often, winter. Thus, the task comes down to clearly understanding the difference between these basic types, then it will be possible to distinguish on an off-season tire what type it actually gravitates to.
Winter types of tires are softer - just a touch, the rubber content in them is much higher. When it is frosty outside, the winter type of rubber from friction on the road maintains a temperature, as a result of which it becomes more elastic, due to which the grip on the road is an order of magnitude more dense and of high quality. But if you use it in the summer, then it simply melts, quickly erases, and even spoils the road surface.
Stiffer tires summer type when driving on hot asphalt, on the contrary, they cool down and retain the shape and degree of rigidity required for the road. But in the cold, such rubber becomes hard to the point of brittleness, its contact area with the road decreases, the stability of the car also decreases, and the risk of an accident in case of loss of control increases. A distinctive feature for winter tires there may be spikes on the treads. There can be no doubt about the seasonality of the tire, by definition. But if it is frictional, there are no spikes on it. However, the patterns on the tread may suggest here.
Summer tires have a deeper tread pattern. Whereas a similar figure for winter option has a characteristic diagonally oriented structure, on which a very developed network of channels through which water is diverted from the tread. In general, this pattern strongly resembles a herringbone (this is a European type of tire). Or, on the tread, there are many rhombus-type figures that are located at a noticeable distance from each other (this is the so-called Scandinavian type).
If there are problems with the constant velocity joint, it may not always be necessary to replace it. Quite often, a repair kit is enough. Follow the link http://www.trialli.ru/catalogue/transmissiya/remontnye-komplekty-shrusa/ You can find CV joint repair kits for VAZ cars of different models.
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Diy tire studding
For maximum comfort and safety on winter road it is recommended to use studded tires. These tires can always be purchased at the store, however, using modern technologies studded tires ...
The quality of the car's contact with the road surface should be high both in summer heat and in severe frost. That is why there are also summer ones.
The need for proper use of seasonal automotive rubber a lot has been said.
Everyone knows that when the ambient temperature goes up or down through the mark of 7 0 C, the car should be "changed" into tires that correspond to the season.
How to distinguish winter tires from summer tires?
Physical and chemical properties
Winter tires differ from summer tires by the touch - they are much softer, since the percentage of rubber in its composition is higher than that of tires intended for summer use.
When driving in low temperatures, winter tires heats up, becoming soft and elastic, providing reliable traction.
In the case of using winter rubber in the summer season, it begins, in the literal sense of the word, to "melt", undergoing increased wear and tear.
Summer tires, on the other hand, have the property of cooling when driving in high ambient temperatures, while maintaining their rigidity and shape.
In the cold season, summer tires become extremely hard, as a result of which the contact area of the tire with the road surface is significantly reduced, impairing the vehicle's stability on the road and increasing the likelihood of loss of control.
Tread shape and pattern
Basic distinctive feature winter tires from summer is the presence of studs on the surface of their protectors.
In this case, there is no doubt in front of you - winter tires. And if the tires are not studded? The shape and pattern of the tread will tell you a lot.
Winter tires, in contrast to summer tires, have more. winter tires has a diagonal structure with a developed network of channels for water drainage, as a result of which it is very similar to the silhouette of a Christmas tree (European type of tires) or consists of a large number of diamond-shaped figures placed at a decent distance from each other (Scandinavian type).
The presence of a large number of thin cuts (sipes) on the tread surface and powerful lugs on the periphery will unmistakably indicate that such a tire is intended for use in the winter season.
Concerning summer tires, the protrusions of its tread have a large area, the pattern has a less intricate shape, and the sipes on the tread surface are either absent altogether, or are present in an insignificant amount.
Marking and conventions
On the side surface of a winter tire it is obligatory applied in the form of symbols "M + S", "M&S", "MS", the inscriptions "Mud + Snow" or "Winter". The designation of winter tires in the form of a snowflake icon is often found.
If there are no such markings on the tire or there is a sun-shaped pictogram on it, such a tire is a summer tire.
There is also an all-season rubber labeled "Allweather" or "Anyseason". These tires are designed for operation in climatic conditions with minimal temperature fluctuations and are more suitable for use in western or southern parts of Europe.
Good luck to you! Not a nail, not a rod!
