Reducing the number of engine speed significantly affects its capacity and traction qualities. If suddenly your car has lost its former increasingness, it is worth thinking about his diagnosis, because such symptoms do not feel anything good.
In this article we will talk about why the engine does not develop turnover and what it can be connected with. We also consider the probable reasons for the loss of power by the power unit and the methods of eliminating them.
Signs of malfunction
It is not difficult to determine that the engine does not develop the revolutions that it should develop is not difficult, especially if you have traveled by car and know its native characteristics. Those drivers who encountered in their practice with a similar problem know that the reduction in capacity is characterized by sluggish acceleration, loss of dynamics, thrust, as well as motor overheating and increased fuel consumption. Sometimes these processes are accompanied by exhausts of the SIZOB or even black.
You press the accelerator pedal, and the engine does not develop turnover? Pay attention to the tachometer. A good motor must instantly respond to an increase in the amount of fuel being supplied in the combustion chamber by increasing the number of rotations of the crankshaft. And if this does not happen, you need to urgently look for a malfunction.
Main reasons
The reasons for which the engine does not develop turnover may be very much. Here is the list of the most common of them:
- the power unit does not warm up to the operating temperature;
- low or, on the contrary, excessive fuel level in the float chamber;
- faulty accelerating pump;
- clogging of jets, carburetor channels;
- air seats in the intake manifold;
- incorrectly put the ignition advance angle;
- violated phases of gas distribution;
- violated spark plugs;
- clogging of the air or fuel filter;
- malfunction of air flow sensors, crankshaft position, throttle position, detonation;
- insufficient compression in cylinders, etc.
As you can see, the list is quite voluminous, although it is impossible to call it in any way. Consider the listed faults in more detail.
Cold Engine
It will be wrong to require full power from the power unit until its temperature reaches the working indicator (90 0 s), especially when it comes to a motor with a carburetor injection. The cold engine does not develop the momentum fully, even with a completely closed air damper. The fuel mixture before hitting the combustion chamber must be heated. Otherwise, the car will "twitch", and the motor should be chopped and detonated. So, if your car is equipped with a carburetor engine, do not hurry to leave until it warms up.
Fuel level in the float chamber
The level of fuel in the float chamber is also able to affect the operation of the power unit. If it is lower, the gasoline concentration in the combustible mixture is reduced. Because of this, the engine does not develop power. With an overwhelmed level, the mixture, on the contrary, is too enriched, but there are more norms in the combustion chamber. Before hitting the cylinders, she does not have time to warm in the intake manifold, which leads to the emergence of detonation and loss of revolutions.
The level of fuel is regulated by sweeping (bending) fastenings of floats.
Accelerator pump, Channels and carburetor jets
Continuing the theme of the loss of the power of the carburetor engine, it is impossible not to mention the accelerator pump. It is from its serviceability that the response of the power unit for pressing the accelerator pedal depends. Most often, the problem is to supply fuel, and to blame for this "nose" of the sprayer, through which gasoline is supplied with a thin jet. To check the performance of the carburetor accelerator pump, it will be necessary to remove the air filter to see the view of the first chamber. Next you need to open and hold it for a few seconds. At the same time, a thin (about 1 mm) stream of fuel, directed precisely into the second chamber should be pulled out of the "nose" of the accelerator. If the jet is a low-power or curve is a sign of clogging of the sprayer, jags, the valves of the accelerator pump. This problem is solved by cleaning them.
Air subcosition in the intake manifold
Another reason for which the engine does not develop, can be a banal air seats in the inlet of the collector of the force aggregate. The symptoms of such a malfunction are the difficult launch of the motor, its "Trojection", problems with an increase in fuel consumption and, of course, loss of revolutions. This is all due to a sharp depletion of the mixture due to unaccounted air falling in the combustion chamber.
Most often, the depressurization of the system occurs due to wear of the intake manifold laying. Determine that the injection engine does not develop the turnover due to the air supply is quite difficult, as not easy and find the place of depressurization. It is better to entrust it to specialists. But something can be tried to do it yourself. It is possible, for example, to take a syringe with a needle, fill it with gasoline (or solarium for diesel units) and handle the fuel of the reservoir connection with the motor around the perimeter. If the gasket between them came into disrepair, then gasoline will be sucked in the combustion chamber. If, running the motor, you will notice positive changes in its work, you can be sure that the reason lies in the sizes.
Incorrect ignition advance angle
It often happens that unlucky car owners, asking why the engine does not develop turnover, forget about the moment of ignition, although it is he plays a crucial role in the work of the power unit. It depends on the timely ignition of the fuel mixture in the combustion chambers. If the ignition advance angle is incorrectly, you never have any means and methods will achieve the coordinated work of all engine systems and mechanisms.
In the injector power units, the corresponding sensors correspond for the correct moment. Their work consists in collecting information and transfer it to an electronic control unit, which in turn regulates the angle. There are no such sensors in the carburetor engines, so the ignition is set manually by scrolling the upper part of the ignition distributor.
Install the correct angle independently and without special equipment is not easy, although it is possible. At the maintenance stations, a special stroboscope is used for this, with which a specialist determines the position of the label on the crankshaft at a certain position of the distributor.
Violation of gas distribution phases
Violation of the phases of gas distribution usually occurs when the timing belt is cut or when it is replaced. Allowed an error in the form of a shift at least one "tooth" between the crankshaft gears and the gas distribution mechanism, you will receive a real problem in the form of an unstable engine operation, an increase in fuel consumption, color exhaust and other troubles.
In order not to get into a similar situation, work on and repairing all elements associated with it should be carried out at maintenance stations. Well, if there is no such possibility, it is necessary to carefully check and recheck the correspondence of the labels on the GEM gears, crankshaft and flywheel.
Gaps between electrodes
The next reason why the engine slowly develops revolutions or does not develop them at all, it may be wrong for itself a normal machine with a normally operating engine, but you didn't like something, and you decided to change the candles, but did not read the recommendations of the manufacturer's factory. An error in the gap for one tenth or hundredth of the millimeter will certainly make negative adjustments to the engine operation. Depending on its increase or decrease, it may be difficult to launch, loss of traction qualities, reduction in power, fuel reservoir, etc.
If it came about the gaps, it is impossible not to mention two-way engines. For them, candles are one of the most important elements that ensure stable operation of the motor. So, if the turnover does not develop, the first thing should be checked the state of the electrodes and the compliance of the gap to the recommended indicators.
Air and fuel filter clogging
Whether once again say that the filters need to be changed every 7-10 thousand km of mileage, and in particular operating conditions twice as well. Pollution of these elements causes difficulties with fuel or air to the collector and leads to a violation of the normal operation of the engine. The lack of normal fuel pressure in the fuel line becomes the cause of depletion of the combustible mixture, and when there is a problem with the supply of air, it takes place. And in the first, and in the second case, the engine "chips", overly heats up, loses power, turnover, consumes more fuel.
A similar fault is eliminated by replacing the filter elements.
Fault sensors
In comparison with the carburetor, the injection engine wins due to the fact that its work is controlled by electronics, and when any problems occur, the driver learns about them by an error signal on the control panel. He will only have to connect the tester and read the code to determine which nodes failed. This is due to electronic sensors controlling the operation of the main systems and mechanisms. But they are not eternal.
If any of them refuse to work, the engine goes into an emergency mode. Due to the fact that the electronic unit ceases to receive the necessary information, the operation of the power unit becomes unstable.
Insufficient compression
Well, finally, the most unpleasant fault that leads to a decrease in revolutions and the loss of engine power is insufficient compression. It is a consequence of the wear of the details of the piston group or location (clogging) piston rings. As a result, the pressure in the combustion chambers is reduced, and a portion of the energy from the combustion of the combustible mixture is simply lost.
Compression is measured using a compressometer. Its normal indicators, depending on the type of engine, can vary from 10 to 14 kg / cm 2. Having found a similar problem, you should think about the engine overhaul.
Every driver wants his car to function properly. But any technique often fails, the same applies to vehicles. One of the most common problems is the inability to develop optimal turnover by the internal combustion engine. It is not necessary that the cause of the malfunction will be the motor. As practice shows, there are quite a lot of options. Like the methods of treating such a problem with their own hands.
1 How do signs of malfunction show?
Experienced drivers perfectly know the ability of their "iron horse" and perfectly feel any uncharacteristic feature. The lack of the number of speeds of the engine is quite simple. When you press the accelerator pedal, the engine does not develop revolutions, which is accompanied by weak acceleration, deterioration of the dynamics and an increased engine heating temperature.
The consequence of prolonged pressure on the gas pedal without returning from the motor side is the overrun of fuel. The car is very smoking, and the exhaust system is erupting black or gray-colored gases.
During normal operation, the internal combustion engine instantly responds to any action associated with the gas pedal, whether it is an additional force or reduction in the pressure on the accelerator. If no reverse response should be necessary, it is necessary to seek the cause of such a problem. According to the statements of specialists the reasons for the fact that the motor does not gain power, there are many, starting directly from the motor and ending with the fuel system.
2 Disadvantaged nodes when the engine is turned on
To determine the source of the problem, it follows carefully and stages to check the main functional systems of the car. Some situations require very serious and expensive repairs using professional equipment at maintenance stations. But the reason may hide in the other. Thus, a not enough warm engine is not optimally able to work, so when turned on, especially during the cold season, it is necessary to allow him to work at idle for a long time.
Some drivers argue that movement at low speed without rapid overclocking allows you to better warm all the main parts of the engine, but this is a big misconception. Without warming the car twisted, moves jerks and makes characteristic sounds. If there is an opportunity, you should prefer the car warming in statics.
But even if after the required time interval, the motor did not warm up to the optimum temperature, the problem may be in the cooling system. Very often, the thermostat comes out of order, it is more about work during winter frosts.
3 How clogged filters affect motor operation
In vehicles, many filters are used, but the key role is assigned to air and fuel. If these consumables are not able to fully fulfill their direct responsibilities, the result is reduced by the number of revolutions, so the engine does not pull on all power.
The task of the air filter is to remove dirt and unnecessary substances when creating a fuel-air mixture. This element is constantly in operation, so it clogs very quickly. Pores are clogged with the smallest particles of dirt and dust, there is a decrease in air supply, which is extremely negatively affecting the engine revolutions.
Highlight three main types of air filters:
- Panel.
- Cylindrical.
- Frameless.
To date, frameless filters are used, which are distinguished by a large service life, strength of the material used and low prices. When buying a filter, you must pay attention to the change in this item. Usually, the service life is about 20,000 mileage kilometers, but the operation of the vehicle in conditions of polluted and dusty cities provides for the need to install a new filter after 10 thousand kilometers.
When the engine is poorly spinning, it should replace the filter. The procedure does not cause difficulties, because you only need to raise the hood cover and unscrew the desired element. It is attached to the base on four bolts, it will not be difficult to find it. Severting an old consumator, it is recommended to carefully clean the location of its location, removing all the dirt, dust, the remains of insects or fluff. The surface of the surface is a damp cloth, it will only be left to install a new filter element and carefully spin the bolts.
Oil overrun is another reason for reducing the engine power. The spent pairs of gases penetrate through the valve seals, which leads to a deterioration of the working conditions of the unit. A nagar layer is formed on the piston rings and electrodes of candles, which must be constantly cleaned.
The fuel filter can be changed somewhat less than air, which is indicated in the product documentation. But the replacement frequency is associated with the quality of the fuel used. The task of this element is not much different from the air filter, with the only difference that the purification is already fuel. The clogged filter does not clean it in full, which is poorly reflected on the bandwidth. All this in aggregate affects the engine of the car, which lacks the power to spin normally.
Manufacturers of filter elements for fuel state the need to replace them after 60,000 km of run, but domestic motorists change filters should be much earlier, since our fuel is inferior as European and American counterparts.
Depending on the type of motor, fuel filters are divided into several categories:
- Injector - degree of cleaning up to 10 microns.
- Carburetor - cleaning level reaches 20 microns.
- Diesel - less than 5 microns.
Buying a filter, you need to make sure that it matches your DVS. For each type of motor, manufacturers select material with such a degree of cleaning, at which the garbage does not penetrate into the internal components. Replacing a lot of time at the driver does not take away, but during work it is necessary to follow the safety regulations, for example, to perform all open-air operations or in a ventilated garage, do not smoke and do not use the lighter nearby.
The element is located next to the engine, but in some machines it can be found near the fuel pump. During the extraction of spent consumables, the engine is in a working condition. The fuse of the fuel pump is obtained, which leads to the automatic blocking of the power unit.
Such an order of action is necessary in order to prevent the possibility of leaking diesel (or gasoline) when installing a new filter.
When the motor stalls, the "mass" of the fuel pump is turned off, the bolts of the old filter are neatly unscrewed, the consumor itself is placed in any container so as not to get dirty. Again, the cleaning of the site is performed, where the consumables are located, all the remnants of garbage and fuel are removed. Now you can install a new filter, in passing the previously seized pads and sealing washers. The final stage is to connect the fuse and installing its mass.
Immediately after replacing the engine from the first time it does not start, because the fuel pressure fell to a critical mark. After several attempts, the engine will start working at idle. If the problem was precisely in the filter elements, then after their replacement, the engine must recruit the optimal number of revolutions, even when lifting the mountain on a steep slope.
4 Violation of the gap of the spark plug as a cause of bad work
The next possible cause of the engine malfunction is a gap between the electrodes in the ignition candle. The minimum changes, per millimeter and even less, necessarily cause negative consequences when using the car. The result will be difficult launch of the car, an increase in fuel consumption, as well as a decrease in the thrust and the number of engine speed.
Sparks with a specific current force pass between the electrodes. Changing the distance between these elements affects the rate of ignition of the fuel and air mixture in the cylinders. The difference is the tenths of the second, but this is more than enough to violate the optimal mode of operation of the motor.
To check the gap will require a special probe, which can be purchased at any car store. By contacting the documentation for the vehicle, you can find out the correct distance between the electrodes, and this distance should be the same on all ignition candles.
If necessary, the probe allows you to bend or bend the upper electrode. This will avoid any errors. Most often, it is the candles that are the main reason that the car rides when accelerating is unstable, and the engine does not develop the desired number of revolutions. After the repair activities, these problems will remain behind.
5 Motor ignition advance angle
In the ignition system, the work and other important elements affecting the engine spinning can be broken. A major role plays such a parameter as the ignition advance angle. If it is defined incorrectly, the negative consequences will not make long wait.
Detect the problem in injection force units is somewhat simpler because there is a built-in on-board computer, and it is this element that automatically is responsible for setting up ahead angle. This comes here about the work of all the main components and aggregates of the car. It is going with numerous sensors:
- throttle positions;
- oxygen;
- air flow;
- camshaft positions;
- detonation of fuel;
- crankshaft positions.
The failure of the specified sensors leads to a failure to determine the angle of ahead, which is why the engine is not able to calculate the required number of revolutions for optimal operation. It is not possible to restore the performance of these elements to independently, therefore the only option is a visit to a hundred.
As for carburetor motors, the angle of ahead of them can be configured manually. It is quite difficult to find the correct value, but still possible, and without the involvement of experts. But if there is an opportunity, it is better to leave this job for masters who will cope with the task quickly and reliably.
6 Other reasons for a weak revolutions
When the engine is not gaining momentum, problems can be associated with the car's fuel system. So, for the carburetor, the fuel limit in the float chamber is of great importance for the formation of the fuel and air mixture. If the upper limit parameters are set at a low level, then the result becomes a small volume of fuel in the chamber. It significantly affects the engine, which does not have enough fuel to unwind to the desired power.
Too high limit, too, nothing good will bring. The fuel mixture becomes too saturated, which is good, but it lacks time for full warming. The problem is eliminated very quickly and just - the float responsible for determining the limit of the diesel engine, gently moves in the desired direction.
In some situations, problems can be more serious. Thus, malfunction associated with nozzles negatively affects the work of both diesel and gasoline aggregates. To check the performance of these elements, they should be dismantled and connect to the power source. If when spraying it turns out a curve and asymmetric jet, then the fuel system injectors are recommended to be replaced with new ones. If the sprayer forms a beautiful and even "torch", then there should be no complaints about this mechanism.
The most unpleasant scenario for the development of events is associated with a decrease in compression. Wearing and failure of the structural elements of the piston group leads to a decrease in its level and, as a result, reducing the power of the power unit. Make sure the piston malfunction is possible using a special instrument - compressometer.
Normal is the testimony from 10 to 14 kg / sq. See if the device provides smaller values, then the internal combustion engine will be required. In this case, without long and costly repair, it will not be possible to do.
Engine problems are able to ruin any trip. Of course, the car is not a plane. If he suddenly stops, nothing terrible will happen. And in order to deal with the problem in the car, it is enough just to stay on the sideline and look under the hood. But sometimes the car has to be sent to the car service. And there the mechanic will tell the car owner that the cause of problems with the engine was literally on the surface, and it was quite possible to eliminate their own. That's just the car owner did not know that. Especially often this situation is observed when the engine suddenly loses power. In this article we will tell why this can happen, and how can you fight with it.
Revealing power reduction in the car
This does not require special skills. It is enough just to watch how the engine behaves in different situations. Here are the main signs of power failures:
- The car responds badly to pressing the gas pedal, there are delays in a few seconds. It may occur both at the time of the movement and after a set of speed.
- While the engine turnover is suddenly falling without visible causes. Most often it is observed after a speed set.
- After pressing the gas pedal, a series of jerks occurs, after which the engine stalls. But if you press the gas pedal is stronger, the jerks disappear, the engine is working normally.
Check the power parameters on the stands
Sometimes the engine problems are not manifest as clearly as shown above. But this does not mean that they are not. More motor power can decrease after an unsuccessful chip tuning, but you can only learn using instruments. In such a situation, special equipment is used to verify the car: a roller stand and a computer on which specialized software is installed. Such equipment makes it possible to check the parameters of the machines, the power of which reaches 740 liters. from. on the axis. The car is fixed on the stand with a special fastening, and its engine accelerates as much as possible. On all stand rollers there is a brake system that prevents overclocking. As soon as the engine goes to maximum turnover, the brake roller brake system turns on. And the car "freely rolls" until it stops. All this time, the computer makes measurements. It fixes power loss in transmissions and a number of other parameters. Based on these measurements, the characteristics of the motor are calculated according to special formulas and a graph is created, which shows how the moment of the engine and its power depends on the revolutions. As a rule, there are 4 curves on such graphs. Two show power, two more shown the moment of the engine, and 2 curves are definitely red, and 2 - black. Black curves show the moment and engine power with factory settings. And the red shows the moment and the power after chip tuning (if it was carried out). Any power drawdown on the real engine is shown by drawdown on the chart.
On carburetor engines
- The calil number on the ignition candle used does not match the specified in the instructions.
- Damaged high-voltage wires that go to the candles.
- Poor quality gasoline.
- The air filter clogged, as a result, the mixture into the engine is supplied without proper air volume, and therefore, it burns much worse.
- Fuel filter is clogged, as a result, the volume of fuel entering the combustion chambers is limited.
- Mechanical problems with the engine itself. Worn piston rings, damped valve gaps, etc. All this leads to a decrease in compression and power.
- The damper of the carburetor opens is not wide enough.
- The equomizer valve was worn out and started to eat.
- The float in the carburetor is faulty, as a result, the level of fuel can be either overestimated, or vice versa, too low.
- The capacity of carburetor channels and jets has deteriorated. This is mainly due to a blockage or because of the bad setting of the carburetor.
On injection
- ECU (i.e., the electronic control unit) of the car occurs periodically.
- The outer grid of the fuel pump contaminated.
- One or more injectors clogged.
- The sensors are referred directly related to the engine operation.
- Lambda-probe car failed.
- In injection engines, mechanical problems, problems with candles, problems with high-voltage wires, which have already been mentioned above are also possible.
On diesels
Some of the causes of the power failures listed above are relevant for diesel engines. But with diesel engines and a number of specific points that should be said about. One of the most common causes of power failures in a diesel engine is a failure of a turbocharger. When this unit fails, it usually begins to publish a characteristic whistle, which is difficult to confuse something. But in order to install the breakdown for sure, you will have to send a car in the car service. There it is scanned and revealed to the problem. Why can turbochargeds disconnect? Here are some options.
- The pressure sensor of the injected air failed.
- The turbine simply developed its factory resource.
- The tightness of the junction between the compressor and the engine is impaired.
- The air tract clouted.
- It happened to the axis of the turbocharger, as a result of which its rotation slowed down.
- The valve-cutter of the turbocharger has failed.
A characteristic external sign of the compressor breakage is the blue smoke coming out of the exhaust pipe. It arises due to the combustion of the oil, the excess of which falls into the combustion chambers of cylinders due to leaks in the compressor. If the tightness of the compressor injection line is disturbed, the air drum occurs, the mixture becomes too enriched. When it burns, it is not blue from the pipe, but a black smoke. Finally, the white smoke says that the oil pipeline, according to which the oil is merged from the compressor, clogged.
Power failures due to a clogged catalyst
There are several signs that make it possible to understand that the problem is in the catalyst. Here they are:
- From the moment of start, the car is hardly and reacts poorly to pressing the gas pedal. But after some time, the engine seems to appear second breathing, problems disappear, and it begins to work in normal mode.
- The power loss increases gradually: first the car rides at a speed of 120 km / h, then the speed drops to 100 km / h, and then the engine with difficulty can accelerate to 90 km / h.
- The most difficult case is: the motor starts and immediately stalls. Or does not start at all.
There are many reasons due to which the catalyst can clog. We list the most common:
- Due to faults in the fuel system in the machine exhaust, it contains too much oil, which leads to a blockage. The problem is manifested much faster if the throughput cells at the catalyst is very small. In this case, to score, there are enough of several oil droplets, which, hitting them, are literally welded.
- Poor fuel quality. If the fuel is bad, it often cannot burn completely, and its unburned residues can be caused in the catalyst first overheating, and then partial melting.
- Mechanical damage. The flying stone, an unsuccessful hitting on the "lying policeman" or a border - all this can damage the catalyst, and he has a very fragile "filling". The cells are broken, their fragments are stuck in the holes of other cells, which causes a blockage.
Independent troubleshooting
You can eliminate power failures on their own only when the reasons that caused the failures can easily eliminate even a novice car enthusiast.
- If it turned out that in the car there are candles with an incorrect caliling number, it is quite possible to buy and put new candles, pre-clarifying the correct gallinal number in the instructions.
- If the gaps between the candle electrodes are scored, and they formed the so-called jumpers, they can be completely eliminated by a piece of large sandpaper.
- Increase and, if necessary, replace damaged high-voltage wires can also be independently.
- Clear the fuel filter mesh in most cases is also not difficult. As a rule, it can be enough to unscrew several screws on which the filter cover holds.
- You can independently replace the air filter. But before going to the car shop, it is still worth looking into the instruction manual of the machine to clarify the parameters and the filter brand.
In all other situations without the help of a qualified mechanic, it is not necessary. The car will have to drive into the car service, since a novice car enthusiast will bring more harm than good.
The worst in power failures is that they can be caused by a huge number of reasons. And at identifying the real cause of failures, it can take a lot of time, much more than the repair itself. Therefore, the most reasonable way out is to entrust the search for the causes of professionals. They have not only the necessary experience, but also the mass of special equipment. An exception can only be the cases mentioned above when the cause of problems lies on the surface.
When operating a car with a gasoline or diesel engine, sometimes the situation occurs when the accelerator of the expected increase in revolutions does not occur when the accelerator pedal is pressed. A good force unit must instantly respond to an increase in the combustible mixture in combustion chambers with an increase in the frequency of the crankshaft revolutions, but if this does not happen, you need to look for a fault. Its reason can be both fairly simple and easily eliminated things and serious breakdowns.
The main causes of the lack of engine dynamics
The driver constantly operating the car easily determines the deterioration of the dynamic characteristics of the motor, which is manifested in the sluggish acceleration, bad thrust, increased fuel consumption and oil. These processes are often accompanied by the appearance of a SIZO or black exhaust. Most often, the following reasons serve as guilt:
- Insufficient warming of the power unit.
- Poor quality of the fuel used.
- Air filter clogging and air supply system malfunctions.
- Malcyal operations of the gas distribution mechanism.
- Fault fuel failure.
- Fault sensors.
- Faults of the ignition system.
- Weak compression in the cylinders.
- Incorrect work of the car.
- Specific motors of engines with turbocharging or carburetor.
Cold Engine
The dynamic characteristics of the power unit will not reach its maximum, while the working temperature of the coolant will not rise to the value in 90 o C. The cold motor is unable to quickly develop turnover, for this, the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber should be heated. Otherwise, the engine will stroke, twitch and detonate.
Fuel quality
The use of high-quality gasoline or diesel fuel is the key to the long-term life of the engine and obtaining maximum power indicators from it. But none of the drivers are completely immune from refueling with poor-quality fuels, the use of which threatens not only a significant reduction in the power indicators, but also lack the ability to start the engine. The regular use of poor-quality gasoline is manifested in the intensive formation of nagar on cylinders, pistons, catalyst and in the graduate manifold, as well as in increased wear of the cylindrophone group.
Filter pollution
Excessive air filter clogging reduces the amount of air that can pass through it in the combustion chamber, which is why the engine power drops, and its work becomes uneven. A similar investigation causes a lack of fuel flow in combustion chambers when a fuel pump malfunction or the difficulty of passing it through a highway or through fuel filters for various reasons.
Violation of the gas distribution mechanism
The breakdown or incorrect adjustment of the gas distribution mechanism shifts the gas distribution phases from the optimal point, and causes a sharp decrease in the engine power. This happens because of the incomplete release of cylinders from exhaust gases, or insufficient filling with air or air-fuel mixture. Resetting a chain or timing belt to one or more teeth causes a disruption and adjustment of the mechanism that provides the necessary ignition advance angle depending on the engine speed. A significant power drop is observed and when the timing valve is improved when they are lack of opening or not complete closure.
Fuel system malfunctions
With the problems of the power supply system of the gasoline engine, the loss of power is felt first. These include clogging of fuel filters, interruptions in the operation of the fuel pump, nutrition of the nozzles and the depressurization of the fuel line, due to which the engine feels a lack of fuel. In diesel engines, the most frequent fuel equipment malfunctions are the wear of the nozzles and the fuel pump, the depressurization of the fuel line, freezing the fuel in the fuel line and clogging the filters.
Fault sensors
In modern engines to achieve a combination of high dynamics and a low fuel consumption, the testimony of various sensors determining the position of the crankshaft, air flow, detonation in the combustion chamber, the composition of exhaust gases, the position of air and throttle, external temperature is used. The data from them come to the ECU of the engine, and affect the mode of its operation. A malfunction of a sensor makes the operation of the power unit not optimal, which is manifested in the power loss.
Faults of the ignition system
Most often in the ignition system, the problems that reduce the power of the engine relate to the candles in which the gaps between the electrodes can be broken, there was a nagar on them or an insulator is damaged. The deterioration in the quality of the spark or its absence is often a consequence of the breakdown, violations of contacts or the integrity of high-voltage wires, ignition coils and distributor.
Worn piston group
With long-term operation of the engine, there is a natural wear of the piston group, which causes a drop in the required compression in the cylinders and power of the power unit. Excessive wear can occur when the piston rings occurs due to improper operation of the engine, the use of poor fuel and oil.
Problems in the work of the ECU
All the processes of operation of the modern car performs an electronic unit that collects sensor readings, and on the basis of the program laid in it regulates the engine operation. The functioning of the ECU can be changed by setting up various modes of operation depending on the required flow rate and type of fuel used, the operating conditions of the car and other characteristics. Problems in the electronic block or its improper setting can lead both to the loss of power and the impossibility of the operation of the engine itself.
Specific engine faults
Old models of cars having a carburetor are still quite actively exploited by domestic motorists. The breakdown of various nodes of such power systems is manifested in a noticeable drop in engine power, and has the following characteristic faults:
- Flames of fuel pump causing a pressure drop in the system.
- Hit into the dirt carburetor, which is why jets are clogged and problems with the work of the needle valve arise.
- Incorrect adjustment of the composition of the combustible mixture.
- Violations in the work of the carburetor dampers and the economizer valve.
- Wrong work float.
Some models of new motors have one or more turbines, pumping air into the combustion chamber, thereby increasing the amount of horsepower that the power unit is capable of issuing. Breakfast or violations in their work causes a sharp drop in the pickup of the power unit.
The engine power drop should cause a car diagnostics to identify a malfunction and complete elimination. Well, if the cause of the loss of dynamics will be such easily disposable causes, like poor-quality fuel, clogged filters or old spark plugs. But malfunction in the work of the gas distribution mechanism, the wear of the piston group and other more serious problems require immediate repair, as they can lead to a significant breakdown and significantly higher monetary costs.
Read 5 min. Views 607. Published November 23, 2015
In this article we will talk about the main reasons why the engine does not develop full power.
Any car engine over time loses power. However, there are times when the internal combustion engine without any of the reasons dramatically loses its power by more than 15 percent. In such cases, it is necessary to diagnose the car engine, look for the cause of the power loss. With the loss of power by more than 15 percent, the car even on a flat dry surface of the road will accelerate with difficulty. The reasons for cutting power loss the engine is a large set. In this article we will talk about the main reasons why the engine does not develop full power.
The table below shows the main causes of car engine power loss.
| Cause | Description |
| Early ignition. | The internal combustion engine can dramatically lose power due to earlier ignition. As a result, the fuel mixture will be born ahead of time, and the power of exhaust gases will go against the usual movement of the pistons. Accordingly, the crankshaft of the engine will slow down, and the motor will not work at full power. |
| Later ignition. | In the case of a later ignition, the fuel mixture simply will not have time to burn until the passage of the dead point is passing. As a result, the energy received from combustion will not be directed to the right direction, and the engine will not use it in full force. |
| Vacuum ignition timing regulator breakdown. | Incorrect opening of the throttle valve has the greatest effect on the frequency of motor revolutions. In the event of a malfunction of the diaphragm, the vacuum regulator will work with great difficulty. From this car engine will lose power. |
| Personal of the centrifugal ignition protrusion. | The engine power can also fall abruptly due to the malfunction of the centrifugal ignition lead regulator. When the engine is gaining momentum, centrifugal regulators will start to increase the ignition advance angle, while the weights will begin to eat, and the angle will not change throughout the entire operation of the motor. This will begin loss of engine power. Because of the same problem, a sharp overrun of fuel will begin, as the ignition will be earlier. All this is due to the fast stretching of the springs of the centrifugal regulator of the ignition protrusion. |
| Till landing valves. | If the valves are not tightly planted into the saddles intended for them, there will be no normal engine operation and will fall the engine power. Each single engine model has a clearance between the end of the rod and the pusher adjusting washer must have a certain size. In the event of an increase in the size of the gap, the tightness of the combustion chamber will be broken. Because of this, the engine power is sharply reduced. If the size of the gap is reduced, then the saddle and valve edge will begin to burn the saddle. The looseness of the landing of the valves is determined by shots. In the case when the shot goes into a carburetor, it means a loose fit of the inlet valve. If the shot goes into a silencer, then this means a loose fit of the exhaust valve. |
| Wear a piston rings. | A sharp reduction in engine power may occur due to the wear of the piston rings. In this situation, the compression in the cylinders will sharply decrease, and this will dramatically affect the power of the motor itself. Review the wear of piston rings can be quite simple. We need to remove the crankcase ventilation hose from Sapuna. In the case of the exit of smoke, we understand that the rings are worn. At the same time, smoke must resemble a pulsating dark jet. |
If the ignition of the car engine is adjusted correctly, the ignition advance angle controller is working properly, then it is necessary to seek the reason for the sharp reduction in the engine power in the other. If the ignition of the car engine is adjusted correctly, the ignition advance angle controller is working properly, then it is necessary to seek the reason for the sharp reduction in the engine power in the other. Experts recommend paying attention to the filing of the cylinder of the working mixture. The cause of this problem can be the penetration of the throttle. That is why motorists recommend more often to pay attention to the throttle drive. Next, you need to check the air filter and, if you replace it with a new one. The main causes of the lack of a working mixture in the cylinders are the following:
- large deposits of resin and coke in the inlet pipeline;
- too large nagar in engine cylinders;
- jealous needle valve in the float chamber;
- Applications of gasoline with octane number, which is not suitable for this model of the engine.
Experts recommend paying attention to the filing of the cylinder of the working mixture. The cause of this problem can be the penetration of the throttle. Another reason for a sharp reduction in the power of the car engine is the intake of the poor working mixture into the engine cylinders. If a poor working mixture enters the cylinders, then the reasons may be the following:
- Air surface. In places where the elements of the injector and the carburetor are connected, the air drum can occur in the event of damage to the gaskets or due to the weakening of the fasteners. Detection of such passes is performed by applying soap foam. Air transmittance can be removed by tightening bolts or by replacing sealing pads.
- Frozening fluid. The cause of the poor working mixture in the cylinders can be freezing fluid in the power system. From this pollute the channels and jetings in the carburetor. In this situation, the malfunction can be eliminated by blowing jackets, channels and pipelines.
- Blood clogging in the fuel pump. In the case of the air hole in the fuel pump, a poor working mixture will be formed in the engine cylinders. Such a fault can be eliminated by replacing the composite parts of the fuel pump and the cleaning of the air damper.
- Breakthrough diaphragms. In the breakthrough of the diaphragms and the depleted valves in the fuel pump occurs a depleted working mixture. This problem can be eliminated.
