In this selection, several ideas that can be useful to homemade to develop their own projects that facilitate agricultural work. Video at the end of the article.
A witty lawn driver came up with a unique device in his own way: he simply took three existing lawn mowers, a little modified them to fastened to the minitractor. Now he does not have to walk around the field for hours to treat a large space. The homemade looks funny, but it is quite a workable thing that accelerates exactly three times the chapel of the lawn.
Cultivator automatically bypass trees
Very convenient mechanism. It has not only the work part, but also a sensitive element. The tractor with the cultivator passes through the field,
As soon as the sensitive element, which is issued a little forward, hurts the village, the semi-automatic immediately reacts and leads the cultivator to the side to circumvent the tree. After that, it immediately returns to the working position and continues the processing of the soil. Great idea!
Film bed coating unit
To cover the film all the beds on this field, you will need a few days if the workers manually do all the work.
A small cultivator puts a perforated film in one pass for each bed. At the same time, it forms the edges of the bed.
How the bow is cleaned in Korea. It is folded by a narrow strip.
The unit collects onions immediately from several beds and resets it into one narrow strip. This means of small mechanization is a measure to do small inexpensive mechanisms for harvesting and not buy an expensive combine. See also what they do in Korea with onions after its cleaning. Workers do not have to do too much work. Instead, a robot works on the conveyor. Although, without human mind and skill and do not do here.
Homemade agricultural equipment is very popular with farmers in Russia. Such structures are much cheaper than factory. And the flight of creative fantasy masters is not limited. It turns out quite interesting developments used in agriculture.
Homemade agricultural machinery
Many farmers are familiar with the advantages of an ordinary motor-block used in the household. Motor structures usually work on gasoline or diesel engines. The presence of wheels allows many tasks. As a result, a farmer is facilitated by part of land work. What kind of structures use the motoblock?
If the farmer knows how to use a plumbing tool, the motor-block in his hands can turn into a useful unit. It can be used for:
- plowing land;
- snow cleaning;
- transportation of bulk materials;
- lawn haircuts;
- planting and cleaning potatoes;
- as a plow.
All designs made of motoblock can be divided into two groups. In the first case, use hinged equipment, in the second fiberboard is capitally reconstructed.
Capital reconstruction of Motoblok.
If you show persistence and fantasy, you can make a unique homemade agricultural machinery. The main types of aggregates derived from Motoblock:
- Trailer. This device is based on the creation of an additional trailer design. It is important to take into account the shift of the center of gravity, which will go back. You also need to expand the front axle.
- Werethod. Motoblock is installed on a 4-wheel frame. The finished design will resemble a quad bike or tractor. It turns out an excellent homemade agricultural machinery for farmers. It is maneuverable and very functional.
- Celebrator. Almost all farmers are constructed from the Motoblock of the Seine. The design is a welded frame of pipes that are attached to the plate and set back. Front fasten two wheels. It turns out something like a mini tractor.
- Snowmobile. If you install caterpillars on the motor structure, it turns out excellent transportation for movement in snowy winters.
Homemade potatoes
The potatoes is attached to the tractor. During the movement, the knives cut the earth and collect potato tubers. During vibration from potatoes, an excess earth is shaken. Clean tubers are thrown into the aisle, where they are collected manually. Homemade agricultural machinery represents many variations of this device. Working on this unit, the master can determine the thickness of the iron structures and their strength. The basis is the frame, which is welded from corners and channel. From the iron plates make Lemeh, which is attached to the elevator casing.
Elevantor give a small slope. Rotating shafts and drum are prepared, the reference part. The design is quite complicated, so it does not make it without special technical skills. And in terms of cost such a device will not be cheap.
Homemade agricultural machinery with their own hands - a successful idea for advanced masters with special skills. If there are no such abilities, the farmer can choose any units in the store.
In any LPH or KFH, you can find various types of equipment that is used to facilitate labor and increase its productivity. The mini technique for personal compound is used to treat land, care for cattle and a bird. With it, harvests and fertilizers are transported.
Not every farmer has a sufficient amount of financial resources to buy equipment with high power. In the personal compound you have to do with small forces. Properly selected mini technique is able to perform a wide range of agricultural work. She may be:
- portable;
- pedestrian;
- riding;
- stationary.
A portable technique includes a mechanized tool that is held with the hands, hangs on the shoulders or installed on the support rollers. The power of such devices does not exceed 3 kW. This is approximately 4 hp
Pedestrian equipment - Motoroblocks, motor-cultivators, motocheelkers, motor-cultivators, etc. It is driven by hand-made traction. The power of this type of technology can reach 10 kW or about 13 hp.
Riding technology reaches 18 kW or 22 hp This group includes a traction class of 0.2 and motor-blocks with a trailer trolley.
Stationary technique - sprayers, pumping stations, etc. The power of devices up to 10 kW. This is 13 hp
Minitractor
The basis of the line of mini tractors on russian market Represents the technique of Belarusian, Chinese, and South Korean manufacturers. Its insignificant part is European, American and japanese brands. Last species Techniques did not receive wide popularity from Russian farmers due to the complexity and high cost of service.
Domestic manufacturers are presented in the market of minitractors technician, which is products of large-noded assembly of well-known brands. Most mini tractors Russian farmers buy Chinese production. In recent years, their build quality has significantly improved. For them, a good technical base has been created in the country, on which repair and service is carried out.
Minitractor selection rules
When choosing any type of technology, each buyer is guided by its financial capabilities. They determine the boundary of the possibility within which a suitable minitractor is selected. There are a number of criteria that help properly approach the choice. It is important to choose an optimal version of the technique and not overpay for it extra sums.
Before buying a minitractor, a list of works on which it is planned to be used is determined. It helps determine the necessary power of technology. The budget mini tractors, having a power of 16-20 hp, will be able to handle the small sections of the Earth. Among other parameters to be taken into account when buying:
- the view and fuel consumption;
- type of drive;
- valve speed.
Only four-wheel drive Allows the mini tractor to move freely through the fields. The harder technique, it is more stable. A prerequisite for the purchase is a test drive. The technique should be easily controlled. All modern models of mini tractors have steering. Able to drive cars, people without much difficulty are mastering such equipment.
Each minitractor has special attachments for attachments. Book it is better complete with the main technique. This will avoid further the problems of docking various nodes. Buy mini tractors need from proven manufacturers.
What a minitractor is better to buy: characteristics, opportunities
When acquiring a minitractor will never be superfluous consultation of a specialist or reviews of other buyers.
Table. The most sold minitractor in Russia
| Mini-tractor model | Characteristics | Features |
|---|---|---|
 | Power diesel engine 22 hp Maximum speed 27.35 km / h. Capacity fuel tank 8 liters Transmission rear-wheel drive. Radius of turning of the front wheels 3.9 m. PPC - 6 gears. The engine is started using an electric starter. Weight without hinged equipment 960 kg. | The minitractor is going to Russia from nonsense details. This does not reduce the degree of reliability of his work. |
 | Power diesel engine 24 hp Weight without hinged equipment 1040 kg. Transmission rear-wheel drive. PPC has 8 steps. Engine starts using an electric starter | Minitractor without a closed cabin. Full Chinese assembly. |
 | Capacity of fuel tank 6 l. Power diesel engine 22 hp Transmission rear-wheel drive. PPC - 6 steps. | The minitractor is going to Russia in the Chinese license. |
Motor Cultivators and Motoblocks
Motor-cultivators and motoblocks have a lot in common. Their main difference is power. Motoblocks is significantly higher. The technique can work on electricity and liquid fuel. Its main purpose is the cultivation of the Earth. Favorites of sales in Russia are models of German manufacturers. Following them in this segment of agricultural machinery are Japanese and American brands.
Unlike minitractors, motoblocks and motor-cultivators have a relatively small weight. When choosing the equipment of this class, pay attention to the appearance of their engine. For processing remote from an electrical power supply land plots Suitable technique working on gasoline or diesel population. You can handle land near the house on the motor-cultivator and motor-blocks operating on electricity.
When buying motoblocks, you must pay attention to their power and weight. The manufactured technique is divided into 3 classes, each of which is intended for certain working conditions:
Agricultural machinery do it yourself
In any farming there is always a girlfriend, suitable for the manufacture of agricultural machinery. Engineering knowledge and construct skills will always find application in the subsidiary farm. For example, you will help the motoblock to turn into a minitractor.
Step-by-step instruction alterations of the motoblock in a minitractor
Large disadvantage of motoblocks is hand made. It is compensated by prices that are lower than the cost of minitractors. Skillful hands for short term Can turn the motoblock into a minimal cost. The process of reworking the motoblock begins with the preparation of calculations and drawings of the structure. In the absence of design experience, it is better to take advantage of other people's developments.
Step 1. From metal sheets, profiled pipes and angle welded frame and body for a minitractor. Their mass must be calculated taking into account the power of the engine. If the design uses a motor block with a powerful unit, then in its device you can use car trailers. It is best suited to adapt the motoblock under a minitractor two-wheeled trolleys.
During the manufacture of the frame, it is necessary to provide a device for mounts for suspended equipment. The frame contour are made special holes for the future installation of the cabin and body elements.
Step 2. Accessory parts are selected to the prepared frame of the future minitractor. At motorists for these purposes you can find a lot of useful things in the garage. From the passenger car VAZ you can take the nodes of the pedal control and the drum brake for leading wheels. For a penny, the necessary details can be found on car disassembly.
Step 3. Installation of bridges
Nodes are collected from various elements. You can take them from old passenger cars or C / x technology. Alone bridges make from:
Rear axle can be used from Old UAZ. It will have to shortly shorten. A short semi-axis is suitable for a shortened version of the rear axle.
Step 4. Installation of Wheels
When selecting a track for a minitractor, it is necessary to take into account the fact that they have a direct impact on the controllability of the technique. Too big wheels when performing turns forcing the driver to apply great efforts to control the technique. Little wheels break the tractor into the ground. Optimal size Wheels for the front axle - 12-14 inches.
Tires on a minitractor must be placed with primer. They significantly increase machine maneuverability.
Step 5. Installation of the control system and driver seat
Control systems begin to do after installing the chassis. The steering wheel in the installation sequence goes for mounting the driver's seat. It is regulated by the height of the steering wheel. He should not argue the driver when managing the equipment.
Step 6. Installing the engine and body
Installing the engine and debugging its work are the final stages of the minitractor assembly. By mounting, the engine is embarked after the chassis is collected. The unit is installed on a special stove. It must have grooves for fastening. After installing the engine, an electrical circuit is installed and the steering and dashboard system is connected.
At the final stage of the motoblock alteration in the minitractor, the cab is made.
Video - Alteration of Motoblock in Minitractor
What can make an irrigation system for the garden
Watering plants in the garden can be attributed to labor-intensive work. It has to spend a lot of time and physical effort. It is possible to easily make it easier for the care of the garden of the garden from the undergraduate materials. The design of the system depends on the water source. It can be:
Water fence from well, natural reservoirs and containers is carried out using a pump. Optimal option Pump for the vegetable garden - "kid". Him:
For drip irrigation of plants along the garden, hoses are laid with holes. Water from them should fall under the root of the plant. When the water fence for watering from the water supply system, the hoses are connected to the crane. If the pump is used, the hoses are connected in its output nozzle.
Among the advantages of drip irrigation:
- saving water consumption;
- mechanization of manual labor.
More about the manufacture of equipment for watering the garden can be found in.
For which the old washing machine can be useful in the subsidiary farm
You never need to hurry to hand over an old washing machine on scrap metal. From her you can make various devices for the utility farming. For example, adapt it for washing vegetables. To do this, the car is installed above the drainage system. It serves as local sewage. Vegetables are loaded into the laundry hatch laundry. Water in the car is served using a portable hose. Water spent water to leave washing machine In the drainage system. Such a system of vegetable washing works on the principle of colander.
From the old washing machine you can make the original flowerbed, mangal or smoking. The drum and the electric motor are used for the manufacture of grass chopper, grain crust and other devices.
Circular with Bulgarian
The easiest way to turn the grinder in the saw is to replace the standard disk on the designed for wood. Such a device has a limited limit of action. It can cut the rails or subtle bars. A protective casing is put on the grinder. The handle is made by the continuation of the housing.
For transverse sawn sawn timber requires a permeable saw. You can make it from the grinder by attaching the tool on the rotary bar. For cutting a large number of sawn timber, a circular saw is used. With it, you can make a board or bar of any size. Making a circular saw requires certain knowledge. The dispersion disk on the circular saw is fixed on the table installed on the frame. It uses a 50 * 50 corner for its manufacture.
The dispersion table is made of plywood or boards. The control button and switch are made on the side. To disassemble how to make a circular from the grinder using video.
Video - how to make a circular from a grinder
Homemade for the neck
Fantasy Dachnikov does not know borders. It makes a variety of devices that make them easier in the field, garden or garden.
Prolonged storage of the root requires compliance with the ordered storage conditions. After digging, the potatoes are sorted, purified from dirt and dried from excess moisture. Store tubers better in boxes. In such a package, natural ventilation of potatoes occurs, which significantly reduces the percentage of its rotting.
For the manufacture of the box, rails 15 * 20, a bar 40 * 40 or 50 * 50, Phaneur with a thickness of 8-10 mm.
Vintage press press
You can independently make the press from the barrel, the filtration grid and the screw mechanism. You can replace the barrel on the mesh cylinder, in the screw mechanism on the usual jack. When using a barrel, its sides are expanding at the expense of the gaps that are made between the side slats. The width of the slot 2-3 mm. The barrel is installed on a metal profile specifically for it. Grapes is laid in a barrel, which is closed with a lid having a diameter corresponding to internal size Capacity.
With the help of a screw mechanism or jack on the lid turns out pressure. Under his action, grapes gives juice that follows from the barrel through the gaps. For its collection under the bottom of the barrel, a collection tray is installed.
The minitractor is an indispensable agricultural machinery for land processing, planting seeds and harvest assembly. This technique is especially in demand in the village, among the owners of large household plots. The cost of minitractors in the factory execution is sufficiently high. Even new Chinese production techniques are sometimes not for the pocket. Therefore, more and more domestic masters are trying to make a mini tractor on their own using braid materials.
If you decide to collect a minitractor with your own hands, then first you need to pick up to it force aggregate. As the latter often use zid engine. This is a four-stroke unit with a volume of 0.52 liters. and with a capacity of 4.5 l / s, which is quite suitable for processing 2-3 hectares of the Earth. The engine is characterized by ease of maintenance, so it is often installed on various homemade techniques, besides, it is easy to buy it on the Internet.
Another option for homemade is . This is a two-cylinder unit having a power of about 12 l / s and a volume of 0.42 liters. Although this type of engines have long been removed from production, there is a large number of offers on the Internet for the sale of this unit. It can be bought for approximately 5,000 - 8,000 rubles.
Often, during the manufacture of self-made masters, motors from cars are used. For example, you can find minitractors with an engine from Oka.
This engine has a power of 29.3 l / s and a volume of 0.649 liters. In essence, this is a Vaza engine (VAZ 21083), only in a lightweight version, since it has 2 times less weight. Distinctive feature The engine from Okey is a small consumption of gasoline and high efficiency.
More expensive option is engine from "Zhiguli". Motors of the VAZ car line have the engine power from 59 l / s (VAZ 2101) and above. A tractor with a VAZ engine is a fairly powerful unit that is able to cope with almost any agricultural work.
Motoblock owners make a minitractor for household The easiest way, since this unit already has all the necessary control nodes. It remains only to make a suitable frame, and the tractor is ready.
What to make a frame
Assembly of a minitractor always begins with framework. The minitractor frame performs the role of the base on which all the nodes and parts of this unit are fixed. The frame should be strong enough and at the same time not very heavy. Usually it is made from metal Corner, Profile Pipe or Schwell. Connect the parts by welding. Frame can be solid or consisting of two parts.
Whole frame Make the easiest way. It is enough to weld a rectangle from a chapellery or corner. The size of the frame is calculated on the basis of the engine size, gearbox and other nodes.
Also among the owners of household plots are greatly popular with minitractor 4x4. This is all-wheel drive minitractor with breaking frame. The word "all-wheel drive" means that the aggregate leads are both bridges, front and rear. An example of such a frame made from Schweller No. 10 is shown in the following photo.
Knot Far Rama most often make from cardanian Vala Car, for example, from GAZ-52.
The main advantage homemade tractor With a breaking frame - this is a small radius of the ungregate. Due to the high maneuverability, the minitractor is successfully used in small areas, where the turn of a minitractor with a solid frame will be difficult.
Below are the drawings of the frame connected by the hinge.
What makes the running
To assemble a minitractor, you need to prepare it running part. It includes wheels, front and rear axles, transmission elements.
When choosing wheels for a minitractor It should be taken into account the purpose of using the latter. If the unit is constructed for a transfer and dragging of goods, then the diameter of the disks in 16 inches will be enough. When using a tractor in the field, it is better to use more massive wheels having discs with a diameter of 18 to 24 inches.
If the leading bridge in your tractor will be only the rear, then front beam is manufactured quite simple.
To make homemade front axle, as well as the rear analog for all-wheel drive aggregate, It will be necessary to take 2 identical nodes of the chassis, for example, from a VAZ or Muscovite car, and shorten them. How to shorten the bridge from the car VAZ, you can learn from this video.
Important! Bridges must have the same gearboxes, with the same gear ratio. Otherwise the front and rear wheels When the tractor moves, they will rotate at different speeds.
As bridges already have a built-in mechanism for transmitting rotational motion on the axis of the wheels, the homemade gearbox will not need to be manufactured.
Pluses of hydraulics installation
Hydraulics on a minitractor is established to ensure that it works to some of its mechanisms and facilitate the management of this unit. The unit with a hydraulic installed has its advantages.
- The car becomes easy-to-control. The steering wheel can be twisted, virtually no effort, one hand.
- Hydraulics makes it possible to apply various attachments.
- The use of hydraulics allows you to upgrade brake system. Thanks to the hydraulic cylinders installed on the unit, the braking of the unit occurs instantly.
It is possible to make hydraulics on a minitractor if you have to purchase a ready-made system in the store in advance or use the details from the old agricultural machinery.
Important! When installing hydraulics on a minitractor, it should be borne in mind that some of the engine power goes to maintain this node. Therefore, for tractors with low-power engines Installation of hydraulics will not bring any benefit.
What is needed for what
Power takeoff shaft (VOM) is designed to bring in the movement of various agricultural mechanisms connected to a minitractor, for example, various cutters for the processing of land, potatoes, mowers, snowbursters, etc.
In may be like dependent and independent. In the first case, the shaft is driven by a transmission transmitting rotational movement to the wheels. Once the wheels stop, it stops rotating. Independent POW gets rotation from crankshaft Engine. Therefore, the higher the engine turnover, the faster the shaft rotates.
In addition, there are tractors with Synchronous type. The speed of rotation of the synchronous shaft directly depends on gear ratio Transfer of a moving tractor. Synchronization of movement and rotation is required when an aggregate with sowing equipment is operating.
Production of three-point hitch
The mood is used for connections to the tractor additional equipment , for example, a plow.
The mood must be movable both in the horizontal plane and in the vertical. In the first case, mobility helps to reduce the departure of the nozzle when piring. The vertical movement of the suspension is required to lower the equipment into the working condition or lifting it to the transport position.
The jacket on the minitractor is made from various parts taken from the old agricultural machinery. Make a description of how to make a three-point hitch at home is quite difficult. Therefore, it will be more correct to use the following videos, which indicates the dimensions of all parts of the device.
Selection and installation of brakes and clutch
The brakes must be installed on the rear wheel pair. The easiest to take finished blocks from car UAZ. Pads brake mechanism You need to install on wheels, and the control is displayed on the pedal or lever installed inside the cab.
To set the clutch on homemade minitractorYou can also use ready option from any car. For example, you can use bellen grip from Muscovite or UAZ.
The clutch unit is attached to the gearbox, also taken from any car. How the clutch is installed, you can see in this video.
Installation of the steering
It is quite difficult to produce the steering mechanism yourself quite difficult, and in principle it makes no sense, since all parts can be taken from any passenger car.
When installing the steering mechanism, the steering shaft with the gear is connected to the steering bumps that are available on swivel fistsinstalled on the front beam (the manufacture of the beam was considered above).
How to make a cabin for a minitractor
If in a summer period, it is possible to work on a minitractor without a cabin, then with the onset of the autumn-winter period, the use of the unit becomes quite uncomfortable or at all impossible. Therefore, the craftsmen are trying to collect tractors with cabins to use this technique all year round.
Cabin for homemade technology manufactured from sheet steel According to a predetermined drawing. As the basis of calculations, you can take the cockpit from tractor MTZ. The following photo shows the drawing, based on which, you can make the cabin independently.
Tip! If the sizes of the cabin existing on the drawing are not suitable for the size of your minitractor, they must be changed. But the main thing is that you need to consider when correction of sizes is the size windshield and cab altitude. Its ceiling should be above the head of a person sitting in a 25 cm cabin.
The cab is manufactured as follows.
In general, it is better to understand how the mini tractor is made with their own hands, you can see this video, a kind of allowance for beginners.
Crawler tractor making nuances
Homemade tracked minitractor is a technique, the main feature of which is high maneuverability and good permeability. Also, the tractor on caterpillars creates minimal pressure on the soil, which cannot be said about its wheel analogue.
To make a minitractor on caterpillarThe following design elements will be needed.
- Frame. It is made from the profile pipe or chapellor.
- Engine. For a caterpillar minitractor, it is better to use a diesel engine.
- Main bridge. As with the manufacture of a wheel tractor, a ready-made bridge from an old car can also be used for the caterpillar unit, which should be shortened.
- Transmission. The ideal option will be a box from GAZ-53.
- Clutch. Suitable clutch block from GAZ-52.
- Caterpillars Move from tires from wheels large equipmentFor example, from the tractor.
For the manufacture of caterpillars You need to take 2 tires from the tractor and cut the side parts on them. Then these tires are dressed on the wheels mounted on the frame, as shown in the next photo.
So that the tractor can turn, on the rear axle You need to install a differential that will turn off the right or left wheel from the drive. Also, each wheel should be equipped with a brake, controlled separately. When you click on the brake pedal and switching the differential, one wheel of the leading bridge stops, and the opposite continues to rotate. Due to this, the tractor unfolds in the right direction.
