Auto Hold (automatic retention system) holds the car stationary even if the brake pedal is not squeezed after the driver forces the car to the full stop by pressing the brake pedal.
1. Close the door of the driver, the hood and the trunk lid, fasten the belt or press the brake pedal, and then press the "Auto Hold" button (automatic hold). The White AUTO HOLD indicator lights up and the system goes into standby mode.
2. When the car stops the brake pedal, the color of the AUTO HOLD indicator is changing from white to green.
3. The car continues to remain immobile even when the brake pedal is released.
4. When the EPB is turned on, the automatic retention system is turned off, and the color of the indicator changes on white.
Completion
If you press the accelerator pedal when the gear lever in the "R" position (reverse), "D" (movement) or in sports mode, the AUTO HOLD system is reset automatically and the car starts movement. The color of the indicator is changing from green on white.
CAUTION
When starting from the place (by pressing the accelerator pedal) and the automatic deduction enabled system is always closely following the surrounding road atmosphere. For a smooth start of movement, press the accelerator pedal slowly.
To stop the operation of the automatic retention system, press the "Auto Hold" switch when the brake pedal is pressed. The "AUTO HOLD" indicator will go out.
To stop the operation of the automatic retention system, when the car is fixed, press the "Auto Hold" switch when the brake pedal is pressed.
FOR YOUR INFORMATION
- The automatic deduction system does not work under the following conditions:
- the hood is open;
- open trunk lid;
- the gear lever is in the Position "P" (Parking);
- electrical parking brake is included; - For security reasons, the automatic retention system automatically switches to the electrical parking brake mode in the following cases:
- the driver's seat belt is not fastened with the driver's door open;
- the hood is open;
- open trunk lid;
- the car is still more than 10 minutes;
- the car stands on a steep slope;
- The car moved several times.
In these cases for signaling about automatic inclusion The electric parking brake systems light up the brake test lamp, the color of the Auto Hold indicator changes from the green on white, the warning signal sounds and the message appears. Before your trip, tap Brake pedal, check the road atmosphere near the car and release the parking brake manually by the EPB switch. - The yellow HOLD indicator indicates the malfunction of the automatic retention system. Contact an authorized KIA dealer to check the system.
CAUTION
- Slowly squeeze the accelerator pedal when the car starts the move.
- To ensure security, cancel the operation of the AUTO HOLD system when moving on the descent when we rent a car back or park a car.
ATTENTION
If there is a driver's door malfunction, engine hood or trunk lid, open the fault detection system, the Auto Hold system may not work properly. Contact an authorized KIA dealer to check the system.
See Also:
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This car is equipped with side airbags on both front seats and side rear seats. These airbags are intended to protect the driver and / or ...
System of helping when rising
The HAC system (attitudes on the climbing system) is a comfort feature. Its main goal - prevent rollback back when touching on the rise. HAC system maintains pressure in brake ...
The parking brake is an important and necessary constructive element of the car. With it, the machine is fixed in place during the parking period, and also prevents spontaneous rollback. vehicle. Classic scheme The layouts of the parking brake - mechanical, with the cable system and the control lever, but in modern cars the use of an electromechanical block of Auto Hold CFC is considered. Parking brake with AUTO HOLD - What is it, and how does it work?
AUTO HOLD brake functions
The electromechanical car brake in the instructions for foreign cars is often indicated as EPB. Abbreviation is revealed as Electromechanical Parking Brake. His features:
- fixation of the car when parking;
- preventing a rollback in a fixed state, as well as when starting from the slope;
- emergency braking, if the main brake system for some reason does not work.
The vehicles equipped with an electromechanical brake are equipped with a salon activation button, indicated as AUTO HOLD. An example of such a button:
Sometimes there is another image - the pictogram of the "handbone" with the letter inscribed in it.
Device module
General structure
The electromechanical brake is placed, as a rule, on the rear axle. It includes:
The brake mechanism is activated by a regular car. Some constructive modifications are entered into working cylinders, and an electromechanical drive is mounted on the caliper.
The wheelchair mechanism of the parking electromechanical brake can be depicted schematically in the same way:
Figure 1 marked piston, 2 - electric motor, at number 3 in the figure shows drive belt, and 4 - indicated gearbox.
Reducer device:
Designations:
- number 1 - driven gear node;
- number 2 - the output shaft of the device;
- figure 3 - denotes the hub of the pulley;
- number 4 - pulley himself;
- number 5 is a schematic display of the engagement of the teeth swinging and the slave gear.
Swinging gear is an important structural element. It is mounted on the hub at some angle. It provides it with the opportunity to swing, and from full turn with respect to the case a gear prevents two special leashes. When the movement occurs, the two teeth of this gear joys with the slave, while due to the difference in the amount of teeth, the engagement is not complete. The turnover of pulley shifts the slave gear only on one tooth.
The belt-gear transmission connects the motor with the gearbox. The latter reducing the speed with which the output shaft rotates, which gives the system the ability to develop the desired force for the functioning of the brake.
The next important element is a piston with a special screw pair consisting of a brake cylinder piston itself (1), push nuts (2) and spindle (3):
The rotation of the slave gear is converted to the progressive stroke of the rod due to the screw pair. The rod puts pressure on the piston, which moves the pads to wheel Disk. The generated pressure force is determined by the ECU of the electromechanical automobile brake, focusing on the readings of the value of the electrical current consumed. Drive engine will turn off when the current value reaches the programmed.
If the machine is removed from the "handler" from the previously exhibited, the motor will rotate in the opposite direction and remove the rod, removing the braking force.
AUTO HOLD.
Some models of cars are equipped with an automatic retention function activated by pressing the Auto Hold key. This expansion of the logic of the electromechanical brakes: brake pads continue to compress the discs even after the brake pedal is released.
Principle of operation
The AUTO HOLD function has become standard for a number of Volkswagen concern samples (Vwtouareg, VW Tiguan, VW Passat, VW Golf), Kia, BMW, and some others. In its work, this system relies on the testimony of many sensors:
- analyzer of the slope on which the car is located:
- positions of the accelerator and (for manual boxes) clutch pedals;
- estimates of the speed of spending the pedal;
- estimates Machine speed if the vehicle is moving.
All this is necessary for timely inclusion and disconnection of the brake.
In general, the system works like this:
- the driver squeezes the brake and presses the AUTO HOLD mode button. The computer activates the system and goes into a standby state;
- when the car stops completely, the system goes into active mode, and even when the brake pedal is released, the vehicle retains immobility;
- if the auto owner enables EPB, the AUTO HOLD module will go to the wait state.
In the cars of the Volkswagen AutoHold Concern has several subfunctions:
- start assistant from the place;
- assistant motion in STOP-N-GO mode;
- autoactivation of electromechanical brakes.
Having removed the leg with the brake pedal, the driver no longer gives the command to fix the wheels by brakes, but the pressure in the highway continues to be saved. If ABS recognizes the movement along the slope (tilt sensors, rolling sensors, etc.), the brake unit gives the command to increase the pressure until the stop does not occur. Then, when the driver turns on the clutch (for "mechanics") or add gas (for the "machine"), Auto Hold will remove the braking force.
In the parking mode, the system switches with hydraulic brakes On the electromechanical part 3 minutes after the start of the maintenance of the machine, when removing the belt, turn off the ignition of the engine or opening the doors.
Other models may have other distinctive features of this mode.
Turns off Auto Hold by pressing the corresponding button.
Working conditions
"Auto Hold" is activated when complying with several conditions (may differ for different models of machines of a particular manufacturer):
- the driver's door is closed;
- safety belt is fastened;
- tC engine is launched;
- the Auto Hold function is pressed on the panel.
Activation of parking electric brake occurs when:
- the function is enabled from the key;
- the ignition of the engine is turned off;
- the door is open to the driver's seat;
- embank the belt.
A number of stamps and models of machines require a re-enable autohold after repeated engine start. In other situations, the function works all the time before the engine is launched, for example, in VW Golf 2.
To keep the car standing on the slope, the system is required to create high pressure in brake lines. If the driver wants to touch the place in this case, the pressure should be overcome to start movement. The liberation of the brake by the control unit occurs only when the engine is reached the engine required to prevent scout.
The system does not switch to automatic retention mode:
- if the driver's belt is not fastened, and the door from its part is not closed;
- opened trunk;
- open the hood;
- the automatic transmission selector is translated into Parking position;
- active parking electromechanical brake.
The latter independently turns on when:
- opened trunk, hood;
- sensors discovered parking on a slope;
- the door of the driver is disclosed, the belt is not fastened;
- there have been several TC movements;
- the machine is stationary from 3 to 10 minutes.
The advantages of the brake with Auto Hold and the shortcomings of the system
The system of electromechanical brakes with an additional extension AUTO HOLD has a number of significant advantages:
- the car owner is experiencing less load during the operation of the vehicle. This is especially important in the urban ride mode, with traffic jams and frequent overclocking cycles, because no longer need to keep the brakes squeezed;
- "Avtochold" helps to stop and start moving on slopes, the machine does not roll;
- support for the control unit automatically holds the car in one place, while there is no difference why the car stopped;
- the programmed mode of turning on the parking electrical brake when opening a driver's door, an unfounded belt, shoved by the motor, provides additional safety of people;
- the inclusion is provided by a convenient button that replaces the bulky and uncomfortable lever;
- the electrical brake does not need to be adjusted in the process of normal operation; the system turns off automatically (the situation "I forgot to remove the handbrake").
But there are some drawbacks. Among those:
- it is impossible to control the degree of brake effort, which is available at the mechanical "handbrake";
- if the battery is completely discharged, it is impossible to remove the car from the electric manual brake before replenishing the charge;
It is impossible not to mention, speaking about Auto Hold, what such a solution is more expensive, increasing the price of the car. As above, the cost of repairing the failed brake block.
Precautions
If it is supposed to be moved from the place with an active automatic retention (press the gas pedal), you need to squeeze the pedal gently, gradually increasing the turnover so that the touch is smooth, without jerks. It is also desirable to disable this mode, moving on the descent, when moving back and parking.
If a malfunction is detected, or the system works inappropriately, you should contact an authorized service center so that there is an appropriate diagnosis and repair of a complex electronic unit.
Do not keep the car equipped with this system on the opened parking brake for too long. The battery is consumed by the unit, and with its complete exhaustion of the car with the "handler" simply will not be removed.
When service and repair work is carried out, the electronics of the machine must be translated into the service mode. If this is not done, the brake is capable of working in the process of work, which, in turn, will lead to damage to the vehicle and people's injuries. All service operations, including the replacement of the pads, should be carried out on a specially intended equipment.
motoran.ru.
Technical Features and Purpose of the HOLD button on automatic transmission
Having bought a car with a box, novice car enthusiasts notice the HOLD button, but not everyone is in a hurry to try the special mode of operation of automatic transmission. This regime itself is the beginning of the movement not from the first, but immediately from the second transfer. It helps to avoid tugs when starting on slippery coatings. It would seem very functionally in some situations, especially during the cold seasons, but nevertheless, the use of this button is controversial from drivers.
If literally translate Hold from English, it will be "fixation", "Holding". This feature limits the speed range by limiting the inclusion of higher or lower. You can see the designation buttons in the form of snowflakes, stars.
This button has its own nuances. It is almost always near the automatic transmission, but can be found on the dashboard in some brands and individual car models. When you click on the table, the speedometer is fastened with the corresponding inscription. It is also worth mentioning that when using the HOLD button, gasoline consumption increases, so at normal motion it is recommended to disable this feature. Despite the consumption of gasoline, the function has enough advantages.
It will help assist in such situations as:
- shutter movement down. When you press this button, the machine will slow down and cannot accelerate.
- overtaking another car, because at a sufficiently high speed, that is, on the fourth gear, the engine turnover when the Hold is turned on sharply increases and the traction increases.
- cold seasons and slippery roads. In this case, it is recommended to keep the HOLD button on always.
- traffic jams. If you start moving immediately from the second transfer, it reduces the number of jerks in a dense stream of machines.
- lift up by a slippery road.
It is also necessary to take into account the fact that the turn on the HOLD button slows down the machine does not give it to accelerate to high speeds. Here each car has its limitations. Therefore, the use of this button on the track (with the exception of winter times) does not make sense and only prevents your, as well as a general movement.
novosibirsk.spec-akpp.ru.
Mazdovodov Links - Virtual Mazdafaq
Answers to the most frequently asked questions (FAQ), Mazda Conference.
TransmissionAcPP: HOLD button on automatic transmission. On my 626 there is such a button, but what it does incomprehensible. Check the experienced path did not have time because The car is still a grid from Vladik. Is it like overdrive or something else? When you press this button, the box does not switcher neither up, nor down from the speed on which it was at the time of clicking ... The HOLD button does the following. Turns off the highest transmission, which is possible at this position of the ACP selector. I will explain: if you go to D, then the machine will switch 1-2-3-4, if you press HOLD, then 1-2-3, similar to S (1-2-3 and 1-2 with HOLD) and L (1 -2 and 1 C HOLD). It is very convenient to use in winter for engine braking. If the Hold flashes - this means that in the box a malfunction. Sometimes blinking can begin without a visible cause and unchanged in the work of the box itself. This can be overcome by resetting the entire computer. Disconnecting AKB for a while (about half an hour). Now about the differences of the "Europe" boxes from "America" \u200b\u200b626. On "Europe" there is a so-called 2-pallet box in which the automatic transmission filter can be changed (and necessary). On "America" \u200b\u200bthere is a single-dial box, the filter in which does not change (such a constructive). The frequency of oil replacement for both is the same and normal conditions It is 60 tons km, and with severe (read our conditions) 40 TCM. Pour better Dextron-III (Normal Manufacturer !!!). Fedor. APP has been driving for more than a year, but I can not understand, Che Button Switch Power / Eco gives. I know theoretically, we practically do not feel. Those. Nothing changes at all. Maybe I do not understand his appointment. 1. When POWER ON shifting gear happens with more high revolutions With the same pressure on the gas. If you draw sharply with Power OFF, it works like with POWER ON. Make sure - quietly davy - should switch at 2000 about with POWER OFF. When the Hold key is pressed, the transmission is turned off, the CO 2 machine (for movement on ice or in the sand is switched to reduce the moment on the wheels). In addition, the machine "tries" to keep the current transmission as long as possible. Those increase hysteresis. 2. I have a little different - overdrive modes ON / OFF. When switching on (ON), a box of 4-speed turns into 3 speeds, while the transmission is slightly extended. By the way about the OverDrive button - according to the dictionary - Mechanism in a Vehicle providing a gear Above Top Gear for Economy AT High Speeds (a vehicle mechanism is a higher transmission to save fuel at high speeds). I bought a new "driving" today. There is an article about the automatic transmission, where I read that the machine easily fails if the car tows otherwise than with possession of the leading wheels on the tow truck. Is it really so, or still you can get somehow in a tug? Do not recommend towing a car with automatic transmission due to the fact that the oil pump does not work, and there is no lubrication of the mechanisms. But manufacturers are allowed to transport to dist. Approximately 50 km and at a speed of up to 50 km / h. Repair firms recommend to add oil to the box, which will allow to transport over long distances. : Tell me, plz, maybe, who already knows where to see the codes of automatic transmission errors on Mazdah and other cars (URL PLS) on http://www.jnc.farpost.com/toytech.html See http: //www.jnc .farpost.com / data / a340e.zipmkpappode oil pour into a manual box? 626 2.0i Fs from 1991 Hach (Alexr) Contrary to the Council of Oleg "not touch", changed the oil in a specialized hundred Castrol. The level was not determined (below the gear) so decided. The local specials looked in smart catalogs and determined for my Mazda transmission castrol 75W90. But I had some ATP (red). After that, according to my subjective sensations, gear shifting has become tough. At high speed when switching from the first to the second (the hardest synchronization mode), the lever is difficult and with unpleasant sound. It seems that the synchronizer does not cope. Like me was on the old oil, but only on a cold box. Changed to ATP (Mobil). All questions were removed. If there was an ATF, then I categorically not advise 21W90! In winter on a cold box, synchronizers will not work! That we passed. In Europe, it does not happen so cold and they have 70W90 working normally, so there are sometimes recommendations in Mazda oil catalogs. But for us in Russia - only ATP (DEXRON II / III)!
mazda.narod.ru.
Key Master slot machine
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Brake system
Car driving
NOTE
The situation listed below indicate the malfunction of the AUTOHOLD function. Needless
contact the service station slightly official dealer Mazda for checking the car.
The warning device of the need to press the brake pedal (red) began to flash, and at the same time
A message appeared on the multifunctional information display, and at the same time
a warning audio alarm has been included in a chance for five seconds. It happened in
operating time AutoHold or when you press the AutoHold switch.
If the AutoHOLD function is turned on, the engine start switch is translated into a state
OFF, then the inclusion standing will happen automatically to provide
aid with car parking.
The AutoHold function turns off when the reverse transmission is turned on if the car stands on the horizon
umbrella surface or on the rise (see illustration below).
; Reverse movement (selector lever / gear lever is in the R position
(reverse))
The car is worth
on descent
Horizontal
surface
The car is worth
on the lift
AUTOHOLD FUNCTION:
included
AUTOHOLD FUNCTION:
does not work, turned off
AUTOHOLD FUNCTION:
does not work, turned off
Enabling AutoHold function
Press the AutoHOLD switch. Enabling the autohold function waiting mode indicator
to testify that the AutoHOLD function is included.
Standby indicator
functions autohold
Brake system
Car driving
NOTE
Subject to all described below
see Function Standby Mode Indicator
AutoHOLD lights up when pressed off
la autohold. AUTOHOLD FUNCTION
turns on.
The driver's door is closed.
AUTOHOLD function is good.
Using AUTOHOLD Function
and holding the car in place
1. Sick the brake pedal and completely stop
those car.
2. AUTOHOLD Function Enable Indicator on
combinations of instruments will light up, and it will be
extend car in place.
3. Holding the car in a fixed
standing even after letting
the driver pedal brakes.
NOTE
If all listed below are met
conditions, the AutoHold function turns on, and
it becomes possible to hold the car.
Motor start-up pushbutton switch
translated into ON state (engine running
or stopped by the I-STOP system).
The car is stopped.
Pressed brake pedal.
Function Including Indicator Failed
AutoHold.
The accelerator pedal is not pressed.
The driver's seat belt is fastened.
The driver's door is closed.
AUTOHOLD function is good.
switched off.
Parking brake with electric drive (EPB)
fit.
The selector lever is in any position.
nII, except R (reverse) or car
standing on the descent with the lever of the selector,
in position R (reverse).
Turning off the AutoHold function and start
movement
When executing the driver of any of the listing
action with the aim of continuing movement
car will automatically terminate
treating brake mechanisms, and indicator
enable autohold functions will go out.
The driver begins to let the clutch pedal.
The gear shift lever is not
it goes in the neutral position.
(Cars with automatic transmission)
Press the accelerator pedal.
Car stands on the rise, or auto
bill stands on a horizontal surface with
the lever of the selector in the position
rii R (reverse)
Brake system
Car driving
NOTE
If the driver pulls the standby
electrical Night Brake (EPB)
when the AutoHold function is enabled,
the autohold function will turn off and on
parking brake with electric drive
(EPB). In addition, if these conditions
jach turns off the parking
electric Brakes (EPB), Function
AutoHold turns on to hold auto
mobile in place.
In the parking lotions listed below
electric brake (EPB) turns on
automatically, and the autohold function is
put. AUTOHOLD function will turn on
again when the conditions will be restored
separating it off.
Driver's seat belt will be unfounded.
The driver's door is open.
After approximately ten or
more than a few minutes after the start of the function
AutoHold automatically turns on
parking brake with electric drive (EPB).
Since the operation of the AUTOHOLD function
renewed when the parking is turned off
electric brakes (EPB), then
available AutoHold function
to hold the car will also resume.
(Cars S. mechanical box transmissions)
In order to start moving forward or
back by car located on the descent
sick the clutch pedal, translate the lever
shift transmissions to the appropriate
location and then click the accelerator pedal
to disable the autohold function.
Turning off the autohold system
Car is in motion
Press the AutoHold switch to turn
autoHold functions (mode indicator
waiting for the autohold function will go out).
A car hold occurs
Sick the brake pedal and press off
aUTOHOLD TEL to turn off the function
AutoHold (standby indicator function
autoHold, as well as the indicator on the combination
the instruments will go out).
AutoHold function standby indicator
Brake system
Car driving
NOTE
(Applicable to cars,
not equipped with multifunctional information
diauction display)
If the AutoHold is pressed
there is no press brake pedal when
the AutoHold function has enabled.
autoHold Function Mode
burns), then on the instrument combination lights up
indicator need to press pedals
brakes (green), notifying the driver about
the fact that you need to press the brake pedal.
(Green)
(Applicable to cars, equipped
multifunctional information
display)
If the AutoHold switch is pressed
carried out without pressing brake pedal
with the AutoHold function enabled
(AutoHold Enable Indicator
on the combination of instruments is on), then
the functional display appears
"Release the parking brake by pressing
brake Pedal »(Depress Brake Pedal To Release
Parking Brake), notifying the driver about
the need to push the brake pedal.
NOTE
In case of any of the listed
lower conditions below
AutoHold (Enable function indicator
AutoHold Lit) Parking brake with
the electric drive (EPB) turns on automatic
chesky, and the AutoHold function is turned off.
More information about the work of
electrical Night Brake (EPB)
shown on page 4-90 ("Parking brake with
electric drive (EPB) ").
Engine start switch switched
to the OFF state.
The autohold function is faulty.
The advantages of the electromechanical parking brake before ordinary are obvious. Instead of a bulky lever between the front seats, a compact button. It is not necessary to drag through all the bottom of the cables and thrust - it is enough to connect to the total electric bus control unit Yes supply brake mechanisms on the rear wheels by electric motors. In other words, such a design simplifies layout and assembly, reduces time and costs in production.
In addition, during operation, there is no need for adjustments - the electronics tracks the gap between the pads and the disk whenever the parking brake triggered. And if they are rarely used (for example, on cars with machine guns), the system pulls the handbrake every 1000 km.
The algorithm of work on most cars is similar. The driver presses a key with which the signal enters the parking brake control unit.
Wheeling mechanism of the parking brake:
2 - electric motor;
3 - drive belt;
4 - Reducer with swinging washer.
The electric motor through the gear-belt transmission is associated with a gearbox lowering the speed of rotation of the output shaft and allows you to develop the effort required for the brake mechanisms.
If the car stands still or moves slower than 7-10 km / h, the electric motors leading the brake mechanisms. At a higher speed, the ABS block includes hydraulic pump - the pressure in the brake circuits is rising. The car slows down, and then rises to the handbrake.
Reducer with swinging gear:
1 - driven gear;2 - output shaft;
3 - hub gear pulley;
4 - gear pulley;
5 - in engaging the teeth swinging and driven gear.
One of the main details of the gearbox is the swinging gear. It is installed on the hub of the driving pulley at an angle and therefore swinging during rotation. From rotation relative to the gear body, it holds two leashes, moving along the inner walls of the gearbox housing. When moving, only a pair of teeth swinging gears is constantly engaged with the teeth of the driven gear. Moreover, the swinging gear on the tooth is greater than the slave, so there is no complete engagement. Only one tooth of a rocking gear side surface presses on the response part by the slave, turning the latter on a small angle. As a result, for the complete turnover of the shaft pulley, the driven gear is shifted to the tooth.
"Tighten" the electromechanical parking brake driver can even with a plugged engine, but release - only turning on the ignition and pressing the brake pedal.
If the motor works, the driver closed the door and fastened, the handbrake will turn off automatically when you click on the accelerator. At the same time, the sensor of the longitudinal roll roll recognizes whether the car is on the rise, take into account the position of the clutch pedals and the accelerator and hold the brakes so that the car does not roll back.
Piston with screw pair:
1 - piston of the brake cylinder;2 - Purpose nut;
3 - spindle.
A spiral pair converts the rotation of the driven gear into the flowing rod movement. He presses on the brake piston, putting the pads to the disk. The force controls the control unit of the parking brake on the value of the current consumed. As soon as the value reaches the required value, the motor will turn off. When removing from the handbrake, the motor rotates in reverse sideThe rod leaves back, and the piston shifts due to the elasticity of the sealing cuff.
Often next to the electrostructure key, another one is adjacent to the automatic retention feature (Auto Hold). It greatly facilitates life. For example, pushing in traffic jams with a machine gun, you do not need to keep your foot on the brake. The car stopped, the driver releases the pedal, and the valves of the ABS block remain closed - the pressure in the circuits is high, the pads are compressing brake discs. If the stop will last more than a couple of minutes, ABS will transmit the parking brake watch.
The car will get up to the handbrake before - if, for example, the driver will dismiss the seat belt, opens the door or turn off the ignition.
Electric parking brake: no longer manual
The electrician widespread the mechanics everywhere. Even the parking brake cable replaced the wires. A brief lecture on how the new generation handbrake works and how Gennady Emelkin reads.
The advantages of the electromechanical parking brake before ordinary are obvious. Instead of a bulky lever between the front seats, a compact button. It is not necessary to drag through all the bottom of the cables and thrust - it is enough to connect to the total electric bus control unit Yes supply brake mechanisms on the rear wheels by electric motors. In other words, such a design simplifies layout and assembly, reduces time and costs in production. In addition, during operation, there is no need for adjustments - the electronics tracks the gap between the pads and the disk whenever the parking brake triggered. And if they are rarely used (for example, on cars with machine guns), the system pulls the handbrake every 1000 km.
The algorithm of work on most cars is similar. The driver presses a key with which the signal enters the parking brake control unit. If the car stands still or moves slower than 7-10 km / h, the electric motors leading the brake mechanisms. At a higher speed, the ABS block includes hydraulic pump - the pressure in the brake circuits is rising. The car slows down, and then rises to the handbrake.
"Tighten" the electromechanical parking brake driver can even with a plugged engine, but release - only turning on the ignition and pressing the brake pedal. If the motor works, the driver closed the door and fastened, the handbrake will turn off automatically when you click on the accelerator. At the same time, the sensor of the longitudinal roll roll recognizes whether the car is on the rise, take into account the position of the clutch pedals and the accelerator and hold the brakes so that the car does not roll back.
Often next to the electrostructure key, another one is adjacent to the automatic retention feature (Auto Hold). It greatly facilitates life. For example, pushing in traffic jams with a machine gun, you do not need to keep your foot on the brake. The car stopped, the driver releases the pedal, and the valves of the ABS block remain closed - the pressure in the circuits is high, the pads are compressing brake discs. If the stop will last more than a couple of minutes, ABS will transmit the parking brake watch. The car will get up to the handbrake before - if, for example, the driver will dismiss the seat belt, opens the door or turn off the ignition.
The parking brake is an important and necessary constructive element of the car. With it, the machine is fixed in place during the parking period, and also prevents spontaneous rollback of the vehicle. The classic layout of the parking brake is mechanical, with the cable system and the control lever, but the use of an electromechanical block of Auto Hold, the use of the electromechanical block. Parking brake with AUTO HOLD - What is it, and how does it work?
AUTO HOLD brake functions
The electromechanical car brake in the instructions for foreign cars is often indicated as EPB. Abbreviation is revealed as Electromechanical Parking Brake. His features:
- fixation of the car when parking;
- preventing a rollback in a fixed state, as well as when starting from the slope;
- emergency braking, if the main brake system for some reason does not work.
The vehicles equipped with an electromechanical brake are equipped with a salon activation button, indicated as AUTO HOLD. An example of such a button:
Sometimes there is another image - the pictogram of the "handbone" with the letter inscribed in it.
Device module
General structure
The electromechanical brake is placed, as a rule, on the rear axle. It includes:
- brake mechanism;
- brake drive;
- and controlling system.
The brake mechanism is activated by a regular car. Some constructive modifications are entered into working cylinders, and an electromechanical drive is mounted on the caliper.
The wheelchair mechanism of the parking electromechanical brake can be depicted schematically in the same way:
Figure 1 indicates the piston, 2 - electric motor, at number 3 shows the drive belt, and 4 is indicated by the gearbox.
Reducer device:
Designations:
- number 1 - driven gear node;
- number 2 - the output shaft of the device;
- figure 3 - denotes the hub of the pulley;
- number 4 - pulley himself;
- number 5 is a schematic display of the engagement of the teeth swinging and the slave gear.
Swinging gear is an important structural element. It is mounted on the hub at some angle. It provides it with the opportunity to swing, and from full turn with respect to the case a gear prevents two special leashes. When the movement occurs, the two teeth of this gear joys with the slave, while due to the difference in the amount of teeth, the engagement is not complete. The turnover of pulley shifts the slave gear only on one tooth.
The belt-gear transmission connects the motor with the gearbox. The latter reducing the speed with which the output shaft rotates, which gives the system the ability to develop the desired force for the functioning of the brake.
The next important element is a piston with a special screw pair consisting of a brake cylinder piston itself (1), push nuts (2) and spindle (3):
The rotation of the slave gear is converted to the progressive stroke of the rod due to the screw pair. The rod puts pressure on the piston, which moves the pads to the wheel drive. The generated pressure force is determined by the ECU of the electromechanical automobile brake, focusing on the readings of the value of the electrical current consumed. Drive engine will turn off when the current value reaches the programmed.
If the machine is removed from the "handler" from the previously exhibited, the motor will rotate in the opposite direction and remove the rod, removing the braking force.
AUTO HOLD.
Some models of cars are equipped with an automatic retention function activated by pressing the Auto Hold key. This expansion of the logic of the electromechanical brakes: brake pads continue to compress the discs even after the brake pedal is released.
Principle of operation
The AUTO HOLD function has become standard for a number of Volkswagen concern samples (Vwtouareg, VW Tiguan, VW Passat, VW Golf), Kia, BMW, and some others. In its work, this system relies on the testimony of many sensors:
- analyzer of the slope on which the car is located:
- positions of the accelerator and (for manual boxes) clutch pedals;
- estimates of the speed of spending the pedal;
- estimates Machine speed if the vehicle is moving.
All this is necessary for timely inclusion and disconnection of the brake.
In general, the system works like this:
- the driver squeezes the brake and presses the AUTO HOLD mode button. The computer activates the system and goes into a standby state;
- when the car stops completely, the system goes into active mode, and even when the brake pedal is released, the vehicle retains immobility;
- if the auto owner enables EPB, the AUTO HOLD module will go to the wait state.
In the cars of the Volkswagen AutoHold Concern has several subfunctions:
- start assistant from the place;
- assistant motion in STOP-N-GO mode;
- autoactivation of electromechanical brakes.
Having removed the leg with the brake pedal, the driver no longer gives the command to fix the wheels by brakes, but the pressure in the highway continues to be saved. If ABS recognizes the movement along the slope (tilt sensors, rolling sensors, etc.), the brake unit gives the command to increase the pressure until the stop does not occur. Then, when the driver turns on the clutch (for "mechanics") or add gas (for the "machine"), Auto Hold will remove the braking force.
In the parking mode, the system switches from hydraulic brakes to the electromechanical part after 3 minutes after the start of the maintenance of the machine, when removing the belt, turn off the engine ignition or opening the doors.
Other models may have other distinctive features of this mode.
Turns off Auto Hold by pressing the corresponding button.
Working conditions
"Auto Hold" is activated when complying with several conditions (may differ for different models of machines of a particular manufacturer):
- the driver's door is closed;
- safety belt is fastened;
- tC engine is launched;
- the Auto Hold function is pressed on the panel.
Activation of parking electric brake occurs when:
- the function is enabled from the key;
- the ignition of the engine is turned off;
- the door is open to the driver's seat;
- embank the belt.
A number of stamps and models of machines require a re-enable autohold after repeated engine start. In other situations, the function works all the time before the engine is launched, for example, in VW Golf 2.
To keep the car standing on the slope, the system is required to create high pressure in brake lines. If the driver wants to touch the place in this case, the pressure should be overcome to start movement. The liberation of the brake by the control unit occurs only when the engine is reached the engine required to prevent scout.
The system does not switch to automatic retention mode:
- if the driver's belt is not fastened, and the door from its part is not closed;
- opened trunk;
- open the hood;
- the automatic transmission selector is translated into Parking position;
- active parking electromechanical brake.
The latter independently turns on when:
- opened trunk, hood;
- sensors discovered parking on a slope;
- the door of the driver is disclosed, the belt is not fastened;
- there have been several TC movements;
- the machine is stationary from 3 to 10 minutes.
The advantages of the brake with Auto Hold and the shortcomings of the system
The system of electromechanical brakes with an additional extension AUTO HOLD has a number of significant advantages:
- the car owner is experiencing less load during the operation of the vehicle. This is especially important in the urban ride mode, with traffic jams and frequent overclocking cycles, because no longer need to keep the brakes squeezed;
- "Avtochold" helps to stop and start moving on slopes, the machine does not roll;
- support for the control unit automatically holds the car in one place, while there is no difference why the car stopped;
- the programmed mode of turning on the parking electrical brake when opening a driver's door, an unfounded belt, shoved by the motor, provides additional safety of people;
- the inclusion is provided by a convenient button that replaces the bulky and uncomfortable lever;
- the electrical brake does not need to be adjusted in the process of normal operation; the system turns off automatically (the situation "I forgot to remove the handbrake").
But there are some drawbacks. Among those:
- it is impossible to control the degree of brake effort, which is available at the mechanical "handbrake";
- if the battery is completely discharged, it is impossible to remove the car from the electric manual brake before replenishing the charge;
It is impossible not to mention, speaking about Auto Hold, what such a solution is more expensive, increasing the price of the car. As above, the cost of repairing the failed brake block.
Precautions
If it is supposed to be moved from the place with an active automatic retention (press the gas pedal), you need to squeeze the pedal gently, gradually increasing the turnover so that the touch is smooth, without jerks. It is also desirable to disable this mode, moving on the descent, when moving back and parking.
If a malfunction is detected, or the system works inappropriately, you should contact an authorized service center so that there is an appropriate diagnosis and repair of a complex electronic unit.
Do not keep the car equipped with this system on the opened parking brake for too long. The battery is consumed by the unit, and with its complete exhaustion of the car with the "handler" simply will not be removed.
When service and repair work is carried out, the electronics of the machine must be translated into the service mode. If this is not done, the brake is capable of working in the process of work, which, in turn, will lead to damage to the vehicle and people's injuries. All service operations, including the replacement of the pads, should be carried out on a specially intended equipment.
