The gas distribution mechanism, and the entire head of the cylinder block as a whole, in any car urgently require a vigilant relationship and continuous monitoring of the technical condition. It is necessary to say that almost all engine characteristics depend on the GDM state. Moreover, absolutely any type and view - ranging from the diesel engines of KAMAZ and ending with roasted Chevrolet Lacetti. And the smallest in the head of the block is simply not and should not be. Each gap, each moving and pairing item must have strictly verified regulatory parameters, otherwise the malfunction in the operation of the motor is simply not avoided.
Device and repair of the valve mechanism
The valve mechanism of internal combustion engines is a special body with its own mode of operation and with its requests to the maintenance and quality of lubrication. If there is still something else with the service, then the oils mostly have a dubious reputation, and often the Mobil 1 sticker speaks only about the quality of the printer on which it is printed, since no one can give the quality of oil quality on our divorce market. Any valve mechanism is activated from the crankshaft by chain, as in the VAZ 2101, 2106, ZMZ 406 on the Volga or ZMZ 402, on old gazelles. On modern cars, as a rule, the belt drive of the gas distribution mechanism is used. These are all cars of VAZ 2107, prior, Kalina, VAZ 2108 and VAZ 2109, which is speech today.
The valve mechanism, in principle, is quite simple. It consists of a valve itself, the guide of the sleeve, the seat, as well as the spring system of automatic closing of the valve with fixation with conical semirings, which are called crumbs. In order for the oil that the oil pump is supplied to the lubrication of the gas distribution mechanism, it has not falls into the combustion chamber, an oil surgery valve gland is painted on the guide sleeve, which needs a periodic replacement. The valve mechanism works in hellish conditions, often with oil starvation, at high temperatures, while it requires the accuracy of the triggering and the perfect tightness of the pairing plate of the valve / saddle. For the slightest inaccuracies, the phases of the gas distribution, the loss of tightness of the combustion chamber occurs, which leads to a sharp drop in power, high fuel consumption and, especially oil, the rapid failure of the valve mechanism parts and the TRM.
Video Tutorials on replacing guide sleeves valves
Construction of guide sleeve
There would be no such story with the replacement of valve sleeves and saddles, if all the block heads were cast from cast iron. In this case, the monolithic cast iron head, as on some models of Ford, Opel, Old UAZ and some trucks, ensures the necessary compilation coaxially, the valve plate / saddle and problems are removed. But most of the modern cars have a block head of alloys, and the saddles and guide sleeves are pressed into cast heads.
Vaz 2109 guides are made of wear-resistant material, as valve seats, pressed into the head to hot, so the procedure for their replacement is not so simple as we would like. And sometimes you need to change, because the sleeve is though durable, but wears, and at the same time the alignment of the valve and the saddle is lost and, as a result, tightness. The more valves in the head, the problem is more relevant. In the heads of 16 VAZ 2110 valves and on the prior, the situation is no better and work on replacing the sleeves exactly two times more.
Causes and consequences of wear sleeves
In the photo - valve sleeves, if they are worn, the engine oil is spent rapidly
The wear of the inner surface of the valve sleeve leads to increased oil consumption, since the oil-chain cap is faster than the oil-reading cap, oil falls into the combustion chamber. This causes elevated nagara formation, a violation of the temperature mode of operation, an increase in the toxicity of spent gases, and if the catalyst was stood in the nine, then it was out of order. This applies to more newer engines on 16 VAZ 2110 valves, prior, grant.
In ideal conditions, with a timely replacement of good oil on good and when operating the engine without overheating, the sleeve should be changed no earlier than 180-200 thousand mileage. But if the oil does not match the regulatory viscosity, the valve gaps are not controlled, then the side wear of the sleeve may occur due to the increased radial load on the valve and the deterioration of its mobility along the rod axis. Therefore, it is strongly recommended after each replacement of oil-challenge caps, check the gap in the valve guide bushings. If it is enlarged or there is a strong backlash - the bushings must be changed.
Replacing guide sleeves VAZ 2109
It is possible to perform the replacement of the valve guide guide 2109 with your own hands only if there is a whole set of necessary tools and devices, and most importantly, experience or at least theoretical preparation. Tools are simple, but they should be:
- Nutrometer.
- PRESSERTER.
- Mandrel for exercise or puller.
- Scan 8.03 mm.
- Optional - coolant.
However, there is a chance that you can do without expressing the bushings. This will require accurate measurements using a micrometer and a tyterometer. The fact is that if the sleeve is worn uniformly on the diameter of the hole, the repair valves can be selected. At least such a theoretical ability exists. If this does not manage, then it is necessary to replace the bushings for repair. If you have to buy new bushings, you can encounter the complexity of choice, since the manufacturers of the sleeves for nine have several, and each set has its own price. Thus, SM bushings will be sold for 600 rubles, and bronze or brass sleeves for high-loads from AvtoVAZ will cost already within 1200 rubles. Within 400 rubles, steel VAZ and Zolex will cost.
Clearance between valve and guide sleeve
Now about the most important thing about sizes. Standard, the factory sleeve has a landing diameter of 14.04-14,058 mm. Naturally, a micrometer will be required to determine this size. Standard valve rod diameter - 7.985-8.0 mm. The landing dimensions of the sleeves of valves that are sold in stores, and even more so on the market, can be very different from the nominal, since such a thing as "repair bushings" is known not to all sellers, and not all manufacturers adhere to the denominations. Therefore, you need to select bushings only with a micrometer and only complete with that valve with which the bushing will work in a pair. Ideally, the new sleeve should be 0.05 mm more than old. It is allowed to increase the size of 0.07 mm, but not more, since the guide simplicity does not enter the body of the block head and will split when pressing. As for the hole under the valve, Ideally, his rod should not at all enter the new sleeve, or enter with a strong tension, because after pressing the bushing will be processed by scan. Checking these parameters when buying sleeves is required.
Technology for replacing guides VAZ 2109
It can be assumed that moral and theoretical preparation was successful, so the old sleeves are removed using a mandrel or puller. It is not necessary to regret them, but also not need to scatter around the garage. Each bushing is tagged and put to a set of superstars, carbed washers and springs of the corresponding valve. Next, the Pressing Operation passes in stages:
- The head of the block is heated to 100-170 degrees, but in no case should the burners and other methods of local warming. You can warm up in the electric furnace, but the perfect option will be an oil bath. Head warm-up must be as uniform as possible so that it is not boring. It is the oil bath that allows you to warm up evenly and gently. You can use the electric stove at your own peril.
- If there is an opportunity, new bushings are cooled or liquid nitrogen or a special freeze 75 spray.
- The hot head is installed on a flat steady surface.
- New sleeves are clogged with the mandrel for 2-3 impacts with a hammer. Pressing should pass lightly so that the sleeve does not have time to warm up from the head. The direction of impact is strictly along the hollow axis. (Just in case it is better to buy a pair of spare sleeves).
- After pressing the head should cool completely. Only after that you can screw the holes to the normative diameter of 8.03 mm.
The sleeves are pressed and deployed, the head cooled, you can begin to the zenkovka of the valve saddle. For this, a special set of centers is applied. After the cenclination of the valve is carved with abrasive paste or a mixture of clean engine oil with a small abrasive, the tightness of the landing of the valve and the block of the block can be collected.
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