The main task of the windows lowered and raise the glass when it is necessary for the driver. In the very first cars, a simple and reliable mechanism operating at the expense of the handle that had to rotate was established.
The main disadvantages of such a technical solution were the time required to open the window to the desired level. Moreover, the handles often failed, because of which it had to ride with open or closed windows.
But nothing is on the spot. Technologies are rapidly developing, especially automotive. It is not surprising that now the power windows are installed in almost all machines. Mechanical analogs can be found only in the cheapest models.
The electric windows give the driver the opportunity at the new level to feel comfort from using the capabilities of his car. They have many useful functions and work on the basis of various technological solutions, which largely affects their efficiency and reliability.
If we talk about the most useful function of electric windows, then it is definitely automatic flashing glass. Imagine that you forgot to close the car window, because we were in a hurry to the bank, to work or in the hospital. In this case, the electric windows will take care of the safety of your property for you.
The glass themselves will be in the closed position after you turn on the alarm. Thus, the closer will protect the car from possible unauthorized encroachments of third parties.
Electric windows
Device
In most cases, electric windows are installed inside the doors. Some automotive manufacturers go to experiments and mounted glass mechanisms, for example, in special subframes. Also, they can also be fixed directly on the housing.
The design of the standard window lifter consists of such elements:
- fine-lifter control unit,
- drive,
- lift.
The control unit usually consists of a key and chip. Using pressing the driver adjusts how much it needs to open the window. The drive includes several elements. The first is an electric motor. The second is worm and gear.
All three design elements are in one block. The drive creates the necessary effort that is transmitted to the lift, and the one, in turn, lowers or raises the glass. The presence of worm transmission in the design of the electric windows allows you to exclude unauthorized opening of windows.
Attention! In the worm mechanism, the rotation is transmitted from the worm wheel. If the force is applied to make the opposite action - the blocking will turn on.
Types of lifting mechanisms of electrical windows
The lifting mechanism in the electric windows lifts and lowers the glass at the request of the car owner. Now you can select three basic structures that are most often used in the road structure:
- rush
- cable
- lever.
It is worth recognizing that each of the above mechanisms is a certain branch of the development of the road. High competition between leading manufacturers makes them improve each of the types of windows in order to provide the driver more comfort during operation and increased safety.
Each type of lifting mechanism has its advantages and disadvantages. Take, for example, wheels Electric windows. First of all, this design is famous for its durability. The basis is the electric motor, which transmits the rotational movement from the electric motor to the gears. As a result, the linear movement of the regimes is formed.
If you compare the wire electric windows with a cable, then the first provides much higher speed of raising and lowering the glass. It also needs to be noted the low noise level.
Unfortunately, without flaws, it did not work out, despite the obvious advantages, the rush electrical windows need periodic lubricant. The fact is that when working on the gear it turns out too much load. In the absence of lubricant, they are erased and fail.
Some automotive manufacturers, wanting to save, make gears from plastic in the laid windows. This directly affects the service life of the device.
Important! Racial windows have large dimensions.
Cable electrical windows Perfectly repair. Spare parts for them are almost in any store. Moreover, the simplicity of the design allows you to cope with the repair work to each driver.
The main disadvantage of the roll box lies in the rapid wear of the cable. Over time, he pulls out. Moreover, plastic guides have not very high strength. The electric motor, in turn, is quickly overheated.
Lever electric glass windowat the same time retains high reliability and has small dimensions. The work of the entire mechanism is carried out at the expense of a compact electric motor.
The electric motor ensures the rotation of the gear. She, in turn, transmits the statistical effort to levers. They create a movement that lowers or raises the glass.
The main disadvantage of such a mechanism lies in the unevenness of raising and lowering the glass. Simply put, everything happens to jerks. First, the raising goes quickly, slows down to the middle, and the highest point is barely moving.
Attention! Any glass, regardless of the type of mechanism, moves through the grooves. They are embedded in the window frame. Inside the door there are special rails.
Pulse and ordinary
Electric windows can also be divided into two types: impulse and usual. The first work in impulse and usual mode. The difference between them is as follows: In the first version, one press completely lowers or completely raises the glass; In the second, this process occurs gradually.
Pulse power windows in most cases are equipped with five-position keys. They allow you to choose the position of the glass, laid in the software shell of the equipment. Usually these are two positions at the top and two positions below. The first is the usual mode, the second - impulse.
Installation of electric windows
If you still have mechanical windows, they can be replaced with electrical for more than affordable cost. The price of the installation kit depends largely on the complexity of the mechanism based on which the system works.
The most expensive are the lever and rush mechanisms. Cable devices are much cheaper. On average, a high-quality kit can be purchased for 2-3 thousand rubles.
After buying, you will have two options: go to the service center and pay for the installation or do everything yourself. In the second case, you can save. Fortunately, the installation of electrical windows is not a particularly complex technical process, which is under the power of every motorist.
Important! As an example, the installation is performed by car VAZ 2109.
Dismantling
Work on the installation of electrical windows begins with dismantling the old system, the process consists of such steps:
- Disconnect "Mass". If there is no button, disconnect the minus wire on the battery.
- Remove the upholstery door.
- Install the glass to the position in which there is free access to the mounting bolts. Fixing can be performed by the usual scotch.
- Unscrew the bolts that hold the glass.
- Swim the guide nut. Near the handle there will be three more nuts, they also need to unscrew.
- Remove the mechanism from the door.
After you perform these actions, it will be possible to start installing a new system.
Installation
The main plus of an independent installation of an electric windows lies in the lack of need to drill or solder. The regular landing site of the standard mechanism is quite suitable for this purpose. The process consists of such steps:
- Collect the windows and in the biggest hole in the door place it inside.
- There are several holes in the central door. They should enter the hairpins of the electric windows.
- Screw and tighten the nuts on the hairpins.
- Align the fasteners of the windows and glass.
- Activate the mechanism, after which lift the seat to the glass.
- Align the fasteners of the strip and node. Fix the resulting design.
At the end of the installation of the electric window lifter, all parts need to be carefully lubricated.
We connect wiring
First, measure the length from the motor of the windows to the buttons on the front panel. Further using the pull, stretch the wiring in the rack and under the panel. Support simple wire for this.. Make on the end of the loop, and with its help, stretch the wiring through the channels.
Important! The wire section cannot be less than one square square.
The easiest way and more efficiently connect the wires of the electric windows to the cigarette lighter. Some automotive experts recommend directly to connect to the battery, as it provides more stable operation. But it is technically more difficult to implement.
After all the work is completed, you need to install the door trim. Formed holes are closed with decorative plugs. Battery terminals are connected at the very end. Before departure on the track, the equipment is tested.
Malfunctions and repair
Conditionally, all problems with windows can be divided into two groups: electrical and mechanical. Start the diagnosis is best with checking the fuse. This element from the first group. If its integrity is broken, then the detail must be changed. Otherwise, measure the voltage on the terminals. When it is not enough, check the wiring.
Important! The breakdown can be wounded in the relay or control unit.
If after opening the glass immediately closes, clean the contacts of the button responsible for the opening. If necessary, change the mechanism. After checking the flow of current, you can start searching for a mechanical malfunction.
The most common cause of the motor malfunction lies in sticking and wetting the brushes. To check this hypothesis, check the ignition key and press the electrical window button. At the same time you need a slightly tapping on the door. If after this manipulation of the glass will go up or down, then the cause of the malfunction in the motor.
Remove the casing with a motor and remove the rotor. Next, it is necessary to remove the Nagar, which in the process of operation of the electric windows occurred in the system. For his removal use emery paper.
Important! Sometimes the mechanism is just joining. In this case, a clear growl is distributed. In this case, you need to replace the plastic gear in the electrical window device.
RESULTS
There are a lot of varieties of electric windows. Each of them has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of each design can be rated simplicity in the installation and repair.
