The replacement of the liquid lubricant in the box with manual switching is the operation is inevitable, since during operation, the properties of any lubricant material deteriorate. This accelerates wear of rubber surfaces on the details, causes overheating of the node, and in the running cases leads to the inclusion of speeds. If the owner of the car decided to replace independently, then the question immediately arises which oil to fill in a manual transmission (abbreviated manual transmission). It is worth dealing with those drivers who use the service service to prevent errors when choosing a transmission lubricant.
About the role of transmission oil
The conditions of the lubricant fluid in the engine and the gearbox are very different. In the first case, it should penetrate numerous minor channels and minimize the power of slip friction arising from the contact of various surfaces. In a mechanical gearbox, where the torque is transmitted from the primary shaft secondary through gears with oblique teeth, the friction force acts otherwise.
With the engagement of the chores, 2 forces act in the place of contact - high pressure and friction from longitudinal displacement relative to each other. If the friction between surfaces to a minimum is not reduced, the metal will quickly overheat and expand, why the teeth will decrease in the teeth and the mechanism will begin to eat. This will cause another temperature rise and breakdown in contact details..
In order for the gear mechanism to run reliably for a long time, the Oil for the manual transmission should solve the following tasks:
- the creation of a steady and durable film on the working part of the gear;
- removal of excess heat arising by friction of parts;
- leaching the smallest particles from the zone of contact of the teeth;
- ensuring the work of rolling bearings on which shafts rotate.
A successful solution of listed tasks was an increased viscosity oil, filled into mechanical boxes. It forms a stable lubricating layer, enhanced by special additives based on active sulfur and zinc. As a result, the minimum resource of the transmission lubricant amounted to 30 thousand km for VAZ cars, in foreign brands this mileage is even more.
Types of lubricants for PPC
Before you choose a transmission oil, you need to figure it out in its classification. Like liquids for lubricating engine parts, gearboxes are divided into 3 types of manufacturing method:
- the cheapest - mineral compositions obtained from oil using cracking technology;
- lubricants, synthesized artificially (synthetic);
- semi-synthetic lubricants - a product of partial synthesis.
Over all operational indicators, synthetic oils benefit, but they are significantly more expensive than mineral. The semi-synthetic compositions are a compromise both in terms of cost and performance.
The overwhelming majority of motorists of the Russian Federation are used in their machines 2 types of oils - on mineral and semi-synthetic basis. In this case, it is not allowed to mix them.
Lubricants for MCPP are also divided into classes on two international systems - SAE and API. In the first case, the viscosity of the oil and its use in various temperature modes are classified:
- Material with 75W label retains properties to temperature -40 ° C. The letter W denotes that the oil "winter" (translated from the English word Winter).
- The same, with the designation of 80 W - to the temperature of -26 ° C.
- The same, with marking 85 W - to temperature -12 ° C.
- Summer types of transmission lubricants are denoted by numbers without the alpoint index W - 90, 140, 250.
In the API system, lubricating compositions are classified according to the content of native additives. The total number of classes is 6, but only 3 of them actually applies:
- GL-1 is assigned to oil that does not have anti-ray additives and fill in mechanisms with low loads;
- the scope of the GL-4 grease, which includes the optimal set of additives - manual gearboxes;
- GL-5 is a lubricant with a high content of active additives opposing the wear and exercise mechanisms, used during the operation of the manual transmission and gearboxes in difficult conditions.
The API classification applies only to mechanical boxes, separate gradation is provided for automatic transmissions.
By making a decision to independently change the lubricant and choosing which oil is better, first look into the instruction manual for the car. It is clearly registered class viscosity and type of material used, and in some cases even the manufacturer. Sequential instructions, you definitely do not make mistakes. If the car documentation for some reason is missing either you want to fill another type of lubricant, then learn the following recommendations:
- For mechanical transmission of machines operating in the Russian Federation, all-season oil with marking on SAE 75W-90 or 80W-85 is best suited. Because the replacement is carried out no more than 1 time in 30 thousand km, then it is impractical about the summer or pure winter lubricant, you can hardly drive so much per season.
- According to the classification of the API in the mechanical gearbox of a modern car, it is better to fill the GL-4 oil, and with severe operating conditions - GL-5. Under such conditions, it is understood to ride at high speed, in bad roads or permanent transportation of goods.
- In the manual transmission, a lubricant is allowed for a box-machine, just to correspond to the viscosity class. True, such a purchase will cost more, because special requirements are presented to the oils for automatic transmissions.
- To lubricate the gearbox of the classical models of Zhiguli, the "native" oil TAD-17 is perfect.
At one time, the well-known Russian AvtoVAZ manufacturer recommended pouring into mechanical boxes of front-wheel drive cars VAZ 2108 and 2109 motor lubricant, which makes some car enthusiasts to this day. The reason for this recommendation is the lack of suitable viscosity oils. Transmission TAD-17I in these boxes can not be pouring, and there were no other options.
At the moment, the situation has changed, so it is better to choose a transmission oil in SAE 80W-85 and API GL-4.
If you do not know what type of lubrication is flooded into the gearbox, then before replacement it is good to warm it, merge through the work, and then rinse with a special composition. Mixing lubricating materials can not be allowed because it will affect the service life of your MCPP.
