The device of any car provides for the presence of a generator - it is necessary to generate electrical energy by converting the mechanical engine operation to electricity. Thanks to this device, all the devices are functioning in the car. How does the VAZ-2112 generator arranged? Today we learn its technical characteristics, as well as how to maintain it and repair with your own hands.
Generator installation device
The VAZ-2112 generator consists of covers - front and rear. They are made of aluminum alloy and have special sockets where bearings are installed. On the housing of the back cover there is a terminal that serves to connect the battery. Also on it there is a connector. The voltage to the excitation winding is served through it. A condenser is present on the back cover - it serves to suppress electromagnetic interference. There is a place on the device to install and fix the brushes.
The cylinder of the core in this generator is made of transformer iron. Inside it there are special grooves in which the winding neatly laid. Also on the cylinder are conclusions for connecting to the rectifier block. Covers are screwed to the stator with bolts. On the shaft that performs the functions of the rotor, there is an excitation winding. It is connected to copper rings. At the front end of the shaft made a special groove, which serves to install the actuator pulley. Brushes are made by a one-piece node that is aligned with the generator relay. It is in a robust metal case and securely fixed on the brush holder. The back cover inside holds the diode block - it includes 6 basic elements and three additional. They are fixed on aluminum semicircular plates, at the expense of which the diodes are efficiently cooled. In the operating manual, there is a scheme with which you can figure out how the VAZ-2112 generator works.
It also applies during repair work.
Principle of operation
The rotor, the main task of which - to create a magnetic field, is a shaft on which the excitation winding is located. Each half of half is sampled in special poles. Contact rings feed the current winding. The rotor rotates due to the drive. The stator is a core and winding. It produces alternating current, which is sent through the rings further by the electrical network. However, at first it should be removed from the frame. In order to give a current on the rings, use a brush knot. Then there is a rectifier block, which converts the variable sinusoidal voltage produced by the generator. In various cases, use different excitation winding schemes. For example, another single pair is applied. The current simply will not be able to flush through the battery if the engine is not started. When connecting the winding according to the "Star" scheme, you can increase the generator power by 15%. Maintaining the voltage of the device in the limits specified by the characteristics is engaged in the generator relay. It changes the frequency and duration of electrical current pulses. The relay is a set of several sensors and actuators. Their task is to determine how long the excitation winding should be on the network. If the relay is faulty, then the battery will not be stabilized voltage.
Specifications
The VAZ-2112 generator differs in the following technical parameters. 
So, the voltage that is formed on the excitation winding may differ in the range of 13.2 V to 14.7 V. directly the generator itself is able to produce the current, the force of which is up to 80 A. The tension of the drive belt is such that with a weighing of 10 kg The deflection will be equal to no less than 8 mm.
Generator maintenance by car VAZ-2112
It is important to serve this element on time - it has a large stock of reliability, but sometimes at low-time service it is necessary to repair the car generator. First of all, it is important to clean the outer surfaces of the device. 
In addition, under service events, they check whether the generator is secure. Also, the voltage regulator needs check. Experts recommend checking the drive belt. If it is weakly stretched, the system will not be able to function correctly. Checking the VAZ-2112 recommended every 10 thousand km of car run - there should be no defects on its surface. Next check, in what condition are the bearings. During this operation, it is necessary to remove the belt and rotate the rotor of the device with hand. If in the process of rotation feels a backlash or jealous during movement, extraneous noise or any other sounds - bearings failed and need to be replaced. On the VAZ-2112 generator, the price of which is about 4 thousand rubles, such details can be found at any store or on the market.
Possible malfunctions
Like all other systems in the car, the generator may also fail. Sometimes it is possible to repair and the device will work again. But with some malfunctions, only the replacement of the VAZ-2112 generator will help. 
The diagnosis of this node is performed in the occurrence of increased noise during operation. Often noise occurs due to strong bearings. But often out of order, only the bearing, which is in the front lid. It turns out to be elevated radial loads, so it serves as long as long. If the drive belt is too tightly stretched, this also affects the bearing wear rate.
Electrical Faults: Diagnostic Methods
To identify the problems of an electric nature in the generator work in several factors. So, among popular symptoms - no charging, reduced charging voltage, or vice versa - elevated. Without a multimeter, these breakdowns are determined by the main features. So, the instrument panel will burn or blink the battery charge lamp. Also, with the headlight, the headlights shine very dimly, the wipers work at a slow speed. The increased voltage will report boiling electrolyte in the battery and very bright headlights. 
Surface diagnostics can be performed without dismantling work. You need a multimeter for testing. You need to measure the voltage when the engine is running. If the device shows 12 V, the generator does not charge the battery. If with all the electrical equipment turned off the multimeter gives out 14 V, then the charge level is insufficient. Specialists are not recommended to test the generator with the removal of the plus contact of the battery. This may fail the relay.
How to remove the generator on the VAZ-2112
For a more serious check, the device must be removed. The generator holds on the bracket on the engine block. To dismantle the installation, you will need keys on 10 and 13, the horn key to 17, as well as the mount and head to 15. 
The first thing is removed terminals from the battery. Then weaken and remove the belt, and then dismantle the belt tensioner mechanism. Next, the wires are disconnected and the connectors are disconnected. The device is held on a long bolt and nut. It's not so easy to remove it. Therefore, at first unscrew the brackets on the motor block. They are on the rear of the installation. Then the generator unfolds, which will help unhindered to unscrew the axis fastening. It is pulled out with a sleeve, and after the axis is knocked out of the bracket.
Malfunctions of the brush node
To check the brush node, you will need a power source, as well as any lamp on a 12 V. Power supply connected to a voltage regulator, the lamp connects to the brush - it should be buried. When the input voltage rises to 15 volts, the light goes out. If the lamp is lit and with more voltage, then the repair of the VAZ-2112 car is required. Relay replacement required. As for the brushes directly, their faults says the absence of a battery charge, too low voltage in the car network, unstable charge voltages. 
The length of the brush must be more than 5 mm. If it is less, they need to replace them. Also, to check the brushes, you can move them a little in the grooves. Good brushes are moving freely. If they hang, it is recommended to lubricate them. It is also worth seeing the correctness of the contact rings - they look at the production. If the traces are eating, the rings are grinding in shallow sandpaper. After replacement immediately starts to work normally. It is important to ensure that the device works and regularly serve the VAZ-2112 generator - the price of the node is small, but with high-quality service it will only be necessary to change brushes.
Diode bridge
Sometimes there are different problems with failure of power diodes, and they can be replaced if desired. The bridge was failed, the missing charge will report and which produces the VAZ-2112 generator. Repair in this case - replacement of the punched diode.
