You are 16-18 years old, you are at a crossroads in life and you are thinking about who to become in the future, what profession to choose. If you are reading this article, then most likely the thought crept into your head: "Shouldn't I become a truck driver?" DalnoboyTV.ru editors have already talked about all the disadvantages of working as a truck driver. Now is the time to give instructions to those who nevertheless decided to connect their lives with trucks and long-distance routes. Our instructions will first of all be adapted to Russia.
Education
You don't need any special education to drive a truck. It is assumed that you graduated from high school, but in fact you may not even have a high school education. However, we advise all young people to obtain a high school diploma. To be allowed to drive a truck, you must obtain a license corresponding to the driver's category for a truck or a truck with a trailer
Truck driver's license
So, let's say you are 18 years old. You go to a driving school to get driver's license... We advise you to study in two categories at once, study immediately for a car (category B) and for a truck (category C). Training in a driving school immediately of category B and C will cost you from 22 to 30 thousand rubles. The term of study is usually 2-3 months.
What will you need to take to the traffic police? First of all, you will need to take a theory test, usually 20 questions. If you can handle the test, then next step will be the delivery of driving separately for a car and a truck. For each type of vehicle, you will need to pass driving in an enclosed area, i.e. the passage of various elements: a snake, parking, overpass, etc. Rented the site? Now you will need to drive through the city without making mistakes.
Okay, you handed in and received your plastic card, which has the Latin letters B and C. You can now drive trucks. You can transport vans, dump trucks, car tow trucks, but you cannot yet drive a truck with a trailer or a tractor with a semitrailer. When you have 1 year of experience with category C, then you can pass for an additional category E, which will already allow you to drive a wagon with a semitrailer.
How to get an additional category E, if you already have one year of experience in category C. First, let's touch on the question: what is seniority? Some MREO traffic police require documentary evidence that you actually worked for a year on a truck, i.e. they need a work book or your employment contract. For some traffic police departments, it is enough that you passed in category C more than a year ago. If you are required to have documents that you actually worked on a truck for a year, then ask for a written refusal.
You were admitted to the E category. Of course, you will need a certificate from the driving school that you have been trained for this category. The E category exam itself does not require passing the theoretical part. It is only necessary to perform two elements on the site: setting to the platform with the tailboard and rectilinear movement reverse... Overpowered? Next, you will have to surrender driving in a city environment. That's basically it, now you can legally drive the biggest trucks.
Getting started as a truck driver
In our pocket we have the cherished card with the inscription BC and you are ready to start surfing the world in a truck. Where to start your first steps in work?
Many young long-range amateurs start with cargo Gazelle and transportation within a radius of 100-150 km around a large city. There are a lot of advantages in transporting the Gazelle. Firstly, a "live" Gazelle with mileage can be bought for 150-200 thousand rubles, i.e. you can do without loans. Secondly, it is quite easy to find orders for cargo transportation on Gazelle. Thirdly, the economic risk during transportation on a Gazelle is several times less than on a truck, because in the event of an accident it is cheaper to restore a Gazelle, plus the cargo itself in the back of a Gazelle costs clearly less than in the back of a hefty truck. By the way, on Gazelle will do even a driver's category B. It also makes sense to consider the option with a truck ZIL Bychok.
It is better if you initially drive a small truck, but you will work for yourself, not for your uncle. It is much easier to work for yourself morally, plus you will immediately learn how to solve many problems. It is worth noting that when working on a Gazelle or on a "Bychka", you can sleep at home at night, because it is unlikely that your trips will be further than 400 km from the regional center.
If you want to immediately work on large equipment, then you should pay attention to work on dump truck in a quarry or on a dump truck to clear snow in public utilities. The bottom line is that you can get to know the big technology, but you don't have to go straight to busy trails. In general, only trucks will drive in the quarry, and when removing snow, trucks in the city work at night, i.e. there are practically no cars on the streets.
And finally, you have the option of just going to get a job as an intern at some motor depot that deals with intercity cargo transportation in vans and vans. However, often even interns are hired either by acquaintance or by recommendations. Again, it is not known how long you will serve as trainees. In fact, you will ride with truckers on flights, find out about work, but you yourself will not work yet, therefore, you will practically not be paid money. You should immediately understand that a young "green" guy of 20 years will need to prove his professional competence for a long time in order to be entrusted with an expensive truck with a valuable cargo.
Summarizing all the options, it seems that optimal solution there will be a purchase of a Gazelle and work for a year or two for themselves, transporting goods around the city. Learn to understand the road, resolve issues, plunge into the field of logistics and generally understand whether you need a range of several thousand kilometers per flight or not. The main thing in 20-25 years without long-range experience is not to get into bondage, i.e. do not lease or lend a truck worth 2-3 million rubles. We also do not recommend selling an apartment or a house and buying a tractor with this money.
In the future, if cargo transportation takes you headlong, then after years you will have your own import truck and good flights, for example, to Europe. Or maybe you even have to drive a truck in the USA or Australia? The main thing in your youth is to do everything measuredly and think about everything in detail!
Trucking is a profession that opens up new horizons for you in the truest sense of the word. This is usually the driver trucks, which transports various kinds of cargo over long distances.
You ask who can go to truckers and how to become a trucker? Yes, in principle, absolutely any person. The details of this profession and what are the possible options to start doing this, we will consider in today's article.
So, how do you become a trucker
A trucker, like any other profession, has its pros and cons. Accordingly, you will be able to work in such an area only if you accept all these disadvantages.
First of all, you need to figure out what are the options for working as a truck driver.
And there are, as usual, only three options here:
- to work for somebody. In this case, you do not need to have anything. Only the desire to work, the experience to drive a class E car. Everything else, namely the car itself, routes and cargo, is offered to you by the employer;
- the second option is to work for yourself. Here things are already more complicated. In addition to the fact that you need to have your own truck (of course, you can rent it, but there are also certain difficulties here), you still have to deal with the search for suppliers and carry out all the organizational and administrative work. One plus - you will earn many times more, because, after paying tax and shipping costs, you have no one to share with. And all the profit is yours;
- how Alternative option, you can offer one more thing: create your own company, where you will be the manager, and other truckers will deliver the goods. In this case, you will have to spend whole days looking for various suppliers and arrange all deliveries on site. This will be your job. Your profit will be generated after paying all taxes, the cost of supplying goods and paying for other truckers. Needless to say, this option is only possible if there are several trucks. V in this case, the profit will be based on a large supply turnover.
But let's all the same we will consider the first two options, where exactly you will deliver the goods.
What a person should know who wants to start working as a truck driver
- first of all, the work is not at all easy, as it might seem at first glance.
- do not think that you are eating all day on a beautiful road, no one bothers you, you are enjoying life, smoking a cigarette and listening to Chanson radio. A trucker is a rather difficult physical labor.
- life in road conditions is not so easy. You will have to sleep in your truck (even when it's very cold outside), eat anywhere and whatever, be constantly in stress because of the road.
- yes, and the trucker's working day is long.
What you need to know before you start working as a truck driver, even more so, before you hit the road
- first of all, you need to study the entire regulatory framework for the conditions of work and delivery of cargo, so that there are no pitfalls;
- be sure to know in detail the route you are taking. For this, there are maps, various navigators, the Internet, and so on;
- be sure to be aware of the whole situation on the road: tune the radio receiver to such a radio station for drivers, where they will constantly talk to you about traffic jams and changes on the road;
- you need to know in advance where you will eat and sleep: whether it will be in the car, or somewhere along the way. If on the track, then you need to roughly know which part of it;
- if you need to spend the night in a car, then it should be not far from the traffic police post and in a crowded place. Your own safety should come first;
- Beware yourself from random onlookers. Never take fellow travelers. Of course, these are mostly normal people who really need to get from one place to another, but there are also unpleasant cases. By taking someone on board, you risk both your life and the further fate of the cargo being transported, for which you, after all, are responsible;
- always be careful and careful. Never rely on the capabilities of your body. If you are tired or feel bad, then you need to stop in time to take a break or otherwise resolve the controversial situation. Remember that the timely delivery of goods, at the cost of their own lives, is not needed by anyone. This is silly.
Summing up, we can say that the work of a truck driver is not the most difficult job in the world and you, no doubt, can master its nuances. If you have temper, attentiveness, and most importantly patience in your character, then this profession is what you need. You also need to take into account the fact that you will spend most of your truck driver's life away from your home.
Read also:How to become a trucker
Do you want to become a trucker?
I am a trucker
From the outside, it seems that the profession of a truck driver is a pretty good place: sit all day in a chair and look out the window, travel around the country and the world, and the salary seems to be higher than the average in the hospital. In fact, everything is not quite simple, and sitting in an armchair by the window turns out to be not so carefree at all.
The path from beginner to truck driver can be divided into four main stages:
1. Training in a driving school
Or easier - opening categories. First, this is a retraining from category B to category C. The theory and practice take from one and a half to two months, depending on luck. In theory classes, traffic rules are re-examined and important features of truck driving are examined. For example, the fact that on roads with three or more lanes it is impossible to move beyond the second lane, how to correctly calculate the turning radius and in what cases it is possible to deviate from the traffic rules (otherwise, for example, you simply will not turn where you need to). Students will learn about the maximum permissible speed, towing procedure, legal dangers that await the owners of GAZelles and pickups with the entry "cargo onboard" and so on.
With the theory sorted out, it's time to practice. A ZIL-130 or an all-wheel drive KAMAZ will be waiting at the site - as luck would have it. Better, of course, "KAMAZ", because it is a real truck in the modern sense, with dimensions and structure befitting it. After KAMAZ, ZIL no longer looks like a truck.
Standard auto school car - all-wheel drive "KAMAZ"
Exercises are standard: parallel parking, a U-turn in three steps, starting off on an incline. But here many differences from passenger car... We learn that the steering wheel cannot be turned on the spot; that everything needs to be done smoothly and without sudden movements (otherwise, do not turn on the gear); that you need to put pressure on the gas more boldly; what is pneumatic brake system has its own characteristics and that the view in the mirrors differs from the car for the better.
We skated the site, it's time to go to town! And here we are already experiencing in real conditions what a truck driver feels: cars are scurrying in front of the cab, it is no longer so easy to rebuild as on the conventional Solaris - they are not allowed here; there is a restriction, in another place you cannot turn around ... But the devil is not so terrible as he is painted, you just need to get used to it.
2. We work on experience
Passing the exam in the traffic police behind, it remains to find a job. It seems that the task is not difficult: how many trucks are driving around the city, it would seem that drivers are needed. Reality makes you think hard, because there are not so many vacancies for a driver with category C and, believe me, those that exist are not very attractive.
First of all, this is the delivery of goods to shops within the city. The car here is, for example, a small tonnage Hyundai HD78 or his classmates. We get up early, we count the load, we spin all day like a squirrel in a wheel. By the end of the work shift, everything is annoying: an incorrectly or crookedly parked car, monotony of work, haste (there can be many addresses), constant jumping from the cab to the street and back. The whole set of pleasures, in a word.
For a beginner who has opened category C and has no experience, working machine most likely will be Hyundai or his classmates
Another option is "long-range" on the same Hyundai. If the master (the owner of the car) is not greedy, then we have a roof sleeping bag, in the common people a “birdhouse”. There is a place to put things, you can sleep too, not the worst option. Worse if the car is without a sleeping bag and you have to spend the night on the seats. About where to put things, I will keep silent, I would like to accommodate myself.
Since these are city cars, albeit almost trucks, the comfortable speed will be 70-75 km / h, not so noisy and the consumption is acceptable. The car will almost always be overloaded or loaded to the bare minimum - up to the maximum carrying capacity. Brakes in this class of machines, as a rule, are drum in a circle and hydraulic. Pneumatics are a rare guest, so you will have to think about braking much ahead of time. Another scourge that will lie in wait is the timing and number of loading / unloading. For example, we have made our way from Kazan to Moscow and are starting to spin throughout the capital with our unloading and loading. Traffic jams, lack of sleep ... The last point is numb, the gates are slammed, and it turns out that the whole thing should be delivered back to Kazan almost tomorrow ...
It will be much lucky if they hire a full-fledged "loner" (that is, a truck, but not a trailer, but on a truck chassis) for the intercity: there is more comfort, and the running around is much less compared to the aforementioned options. In the future, you can hook a trailer to the "loner" and it will be a completely different matter, but you still have to live up to the trailer: you can open category E only after a year of experience in category C.
I am deliberately not talking about working on a tow truck and dump truck, because experience and knowledge of the specifics are required there.
3. Back to school
We worked for a year, got acquainted with the main nuances, it's time to go back to school, this time for category E.
We study again for two months, and here, for sure, only one training vehicle can be offered - a ZIL with a trailer. Learning to back up for loading - to break the hitch on the left hand at 90 degrees with a locked drawbar; we drive backwards in a straight line. It sounds simple, but in fact, mastering this science will take all the training time. Along the way, we learn about the behavior of a full trailer and a semitrailer, what is the difference between a tandem ("locomotive"), why stop the drawbar, and so on.
Back to school. Now you will have to study at ZIL
When cornering, we “take the radius”, quietly scold those who prevent us from doing this and climb under the trailer, estimate the distance to the end of the trailer and learn to navigate by the clearance horn.
4. Let's go!
The exam is over, we are starting to look for work again. We are faced with the fact that no one needs us without experience. Almost. We get a job by sorting through vacancies, but this place is unlikely to please. Large companies hire employees without experience, but there are many restrictions and fines, and the technique is undermined. Believe me, this technique is enough to gain experience. There will inevitably be "scars", but they can always be passed off as old ones.
Due to the fact that the car is not in best condition, you can learn more about its device during the repair by talking with locksmiths. These basics will not be superfluous. Even if they are kicked out of the workshop, you can always agree with the foreman - so that he would allow you to stand next to the locksmith and help him. You will endure a lot of useful things.
If you are just starting to work in category E, the first tractor will be Iveco or another "old" car in a similar condition.
Having started driving with a trailer, we find out what the radius is, we begin to prepare in advance for maneuvers, sometimes "cutting off oxygen" for those who like to get under the trailer. A banal right turn requires a not so simple algorithm of actions: we move a little closer to the solid on the left, leaving so much space on the right so that the car does not stick in there. We rebuild smoothly, not abruptly, we learn to "read" the road.
Due to the increased mass, we begin to use the mountain brake or retarder, evaluate our center of gravity, in fact we learn to ride again.
A typical situation. Alas, there are many
And here the nuances already begin. How to properly secure the load and should it be secured at all? How to place the pallets so that the axis does not break on the scales? Is it possible with this load to quickly enter the turn? Why is it easier to get into a corner on a Volvo FM than on a Volvo FH? Who has a better mountain brake than a better retarder, is an automatic transmission needed and what is a cruise, when to use it and when not to use it? All this will come with experience, like a normal company, the main thing is not to hesitate to ask colleagues about the issue, they will give advice. Exchange of experience in this profession is an integral part, without which there is nowhere.
Securing is a whole science, you should not neglect: you will have to fasten the load almost always
So, the standard way to long-distance flights: GAZelle - small tonnage - wagon. Many drivers have passed this road, and who knows, maybe you will be the next one, if all of the above did not scare you.
Many drivers dream of getting a job work as a truck driver... But, sometimes, this task turns out to be very difficult for them. They endlessly look through the vacancies "truck driver", go to interviews, but still cannot achieve the desired result. Nevertheless, this problem is quite solvable. The main thing is that the driver must prove to the future employer that he has all the necessary professional qualities.
Truck driver requirements
Trucking requires driving categories C, E... For some employers, it is necessary that their future employee has categories B, C, D, E. In any case, category E must be open without fail. But, if a driver has several categories open, this will certainly set him apart from other contenders.
To get a job as a truck driver, you need at least six months of driving experience... Although, of course, large companies with high salaries prefer candidates with at least three years of experience. Only such specialists are allowed for international transport.
Another advantage of the applicant will be his experience in working on European-class trucks.
In addition to a driver's license with open categories, when applying to a large transport company, you will have to present medical certificate and insurance certificate.
Trucker salary and distinctive features
The employer can offer work for both own car the applicant, and on the vehicle of the company... Usually working for personal car drivers receive higher wages. In some cases, they can be offered repair and maintenance of vehicles at the expense of the company or at a discount.
Different companies approach the issue of reimbursement of fuel costs in different ways.
Some firms do not maintain their own vehicle fleet, therefore, they need long-distance truck drivers who have a personal truck.
In the Moscow region, the salary of a truck driver with a personal truck is at least 100 thousand rubles... But, in most cases, it is made up of the number of completed orders, the "covered" kilometers and the time spent on travel.
If a truck driver will work on a car owned by transport company, then his salary will be slightly lower. In addition, he needs to immediately ask who will be responsible for the condition of the vehicle, repair it or undergo technical inspection.
The vacancy "truck driver" is quite common on numerous sites on the Internet. e who are engaged in help in finding a job. It can also be found on electronic bulletin boards or in newspapers. If desired, the applicant can call the company he is interested in and inquire about the availability of vacancies.
Video: Truck Crashes 2014.
P.S. Take care of yourself!
Trucker- a person who drives a truck or heavy vehicle. The profession is suitable for applicants who distinguish labor and economy, geography from all school subjects. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in labor and economy (see the choice of profession by interest in school subjects).
Who is a trucker?
The main duty of a trucker is to deliver goods from point A to point B according to the established schedule and route. He spends most of his life on the road, works both inside his home country and is engaged in international cargo transportation.... Can carry food Construction Materials, equipment and components, textiles - any food and non-food products.
Short description
Trucking is a male risk-taking profession. Working conditions are difficult, because the driver spends more than 8-10 hours a day driving, often sleeping in roadside motels or in the cab of a heavy-duty vehicle. The profession will appeal to young men who like to drive and travel. The bonus is that the international truckers pay very well for their work.
The professional training of a truck driver begins at a driving school. In fact, you only need a category E driver's license to work (depending on vehicle), a passport (for international transport) and a card for a tachograph, Code 95 (for employment in foreign companies), a medical certificate that gives the right to drive a car. However, in reality, everything is not so simple, because a company or a private customer does not trust drivers without experience, so you need to get it by working behind the wheel truck within 3 years. An important role is played by the experience of accident-free driving, the ability to work with different kinds documentation used in the area in question. Average age truckers starts from 25-30 years old.
Features of the profession
Choosing this profession, it is necessary to understand who a trucker is - this is a person who loves the road, is not afraid of dangers and wants to receive high remuneration for his work. He can find a job in a domestic or foreign company, in the latter case, the salary is significantly higher. The duties of a trucker include the following types of work:
- transportation of goods from the warehouse (facility, production) of the customer along the specified route;
- performance of minor and major repairs of a motor vehicle;
- refueling the vehicle with fuel;
- assistance during loading and unloading operations;
- strict adherence to the established schedule;
- work with accompanying documentation.
This is a dangerous profession, because often heavy vehicles loaded with expensive products are attacked. Therefore, a trucker must be a physically strong and resourceful person with minimal self-defense skills. He can perform the above duties on his own, however, on difficult and long flights, he most often travels with a partner.
Pros and cons of the trucker profession
pros
- Experienced drivers who have licenses with the required category and medical documents will quickly find a good job.
- A truck driver does not need a university.
- The trucker is solely responsible for the transport of goods, not for customs clearance.
- High wages, the employer can pay for accommodation, meals, medical treatment of the driver who is on the flight.
- The profession is related to travel. Over the years of activity, you can visit dozens of cities and countries.
- The trucker community is very friendly, so drivers help each other on the road without any questions.
- The ability to collect cash and buy your own heavy truck, which will allow in the future to change the legal status, becoming a private entrepreneur.
- There is always work for truckers, so there will be no problems finding a high-paying job.
Minuses
- The activity is complex and dangerous. The risk of being attacked by road bandits is too high.
- Working conditions cannot be called simple, because a trucker repairs a heavy-duty vehicle, which can simply stop at any part of the route due to a breakdown. The driver has to lie on the ground, live in almost field conditions, where there is no shower or normal food.
- For activities in this area, you need to collect a solid package of documents.
- Long flights, because in the case of working on international routes, a trucker can spend 2-5 months or more on the road.
Important personal qualities
The trucker must be a balanced and collected person with a certain degree of asceticism. His character should also be dominated by stress resistance, sociability, a tendency to repetitive sedentary work. Physical and psychological health, quick reaction and the ability to make the right decisions during unforeseen situations play an important role.
Truck driver training
To work, you need to finish a driving school and pass an exam at the traffic police, gain experience, as well as category E rights. Talking about where to get the profession of a truck driver, it is worth mentioning specialized schools and courses that specialize in training drivers for international transport. A plus will be the availability of secondary vocational education in the field of repair and Maintenance vehicles... Requirements for education, experience and documents depend on the company, place of work (RF, EU, USA, etc.), type of car.
Place of work
A large number of vacancies for truckers are posted on employee search portals - these specialists have been and remain in demand. They can conduct private activities in their own car, and the way is open for them to corporations engaged in international cargo transportation, large and small companies interested in fast delivery of products.
Truck driver salary
The level of remuneration depends on the category, experience and region of work (international transport or activity within one country), the company and the nature of the goods that the trucker transports. However, the rate of the youngest drivers is rarely less than 30-35 thousand rubles, which is due to difficult conditions labor, increased danger and responsibility.
Salary as of 12/11/2019
Russia 30,000-100,000 ₽
Moscow 40,000—120,000 ₽
Professional knowledge
- Rules for the implementation of freight traffic.
- Knowledge of the device of heavy vehicles, the rules of repair and replacement of technical fluids.
- Traffic rules in Russia and abroad.
- Skills of working with navigators, paper maps, tachographs.
