Protection for tire and rubber disks. Tires with disk protection: how they are labeled and whether to buy. Marking of american tires

Today, manufacturers of automotive tires offer a gigantic assortment of their products designed for different weather conditions, and different operating conditions. And if you take any car for example and see what is written on the sidewall of the tires of this car, then you can see a large number of different inscriptions and designations that carry many important and useful information. Let's try to consider on the example:

For example: MICHELIN ENERGY SAVER 215/60 R16 97T, where

Michelin. - mark.tires

Energy Saver. - model tires

215 - width of the tire, mm; (Tire width is measured in millimeters)

60 - Tire profile height, (tire height is measured as a percentage). This is the percentage of tire height to its width.In this case, 60% of the width of 215 mm., Is 129 mm, (i.e., the tires turned 129 millimeters).In some tire sizes, there is no such indicator, for example, 215 R16 C 105Q. Such tires are called full-revolt,and the tire height ratio to its width in this case is 80% or 82%. Usually designed for light trucktransport.

R. - denotes the tire designradial.

16 - denotes the diameter of the disk to which you can set the bus of this size

97 - index of permissible load on the tire in kg. Below the table of load indexes.

T. - speed \u200b\u200bindex. This indicator shows the maximum permissible speed at which the tire retains its operational characteristics. Below is the speed index table.

XL - (Extra Load). This marking indicates that the tire has an increased margin of safety.

Table of load indexes

Table of speed indexes

American tire marking

for example: BF Goodrich. All Terrain. 31x10.5R15 , G.de

BF Goodrich. - Mark Tire

31 - the outer diameter of the tire in inches (1 dyum \u003d 2.54cm)

10.5 - width of the tire in inches;

R. - denotes that the design of the tire is radial;

15 - the inner diameter of the tire in inches.

Additional information that is applied to the sidewall of the tire.

Designation	Description	photo
M + S.	(MUD + SNOW is translated as "dirt plus snow"). Tires with such designation can be used as winter or all-season
As (ALL.Season.)	all-season tirefor any weather.
Aw ANY WEATHER.)	all-season tirefor any weather.
"Snowflake"	ensures the use of the tire in the harsh winter conditions. The absence of such a pictogram shows that tires can only be operated in summer conditions.
"Umbrella"	these tires are designed for rainy weather and are not affected by the effect of aquaplaning.
RainWaterAqua.	these tires are designed for rainy weather and are not subject to the effect of aquaplamination.
Rotation	directional tire. The direction of rotation of the tire shows the arrow applied to its sidewall.
Outside and Inside	the outer side of the tire. The inscription itself Outside must be from the outside of the car.This designation is used on asymmetric tires. InsideorSideFacing.Inwards - the inner side of the tire.sama inscriptionInsidemust be on the inside of the car. This designation is used on asymmetric tires.
Left. orRight	tires with such designation are left and right. Accordingly the tires with the inscription Left. install on the left side of the car, and with the inscription Right on the right.
Tubeless (TL)	cameless tire.
Tube. Type ( TT)	tire with camera
Max Pressure.	maximum allowable tire pressure, in kPa.
Max Load.
XL - (Extra Load)	stressed bus.
" LT "(Light Trucks)	tires for light trucks, small commercial vehicles, minibuses and heavy SUVs.
Reinforced. or Reinf.	reinforced tire (consists of 6 layers)
"C "	stressed tire (consists of 8 layers)
"P" (PASSENGER)	tires for passenger cars
STEEL RADIAL or STEEL BELTED	radial tire with metal cord
MFS.	(Maximum Flage Sheild). The system of maximum rim protection protects expensive wheels from damage to borders and sidewalks - the rubber profile around the circle of the tire, located on the bottom of the wall above the flange of the rim, forms a buffer zone.
Runflat.	(Riding on a sloped bus) - technology that allows your car to continue moving after puncture or tire descent. Even if the tire pressure is lost completely, this technology allows the car to drive at least 80 km, at a speed of up to 80 km / h. The reinforced tires, as a rule, have several layers of rubber with heat-resistant cord, which, with full pressure loss, do not give the sidewalls of the tires or frighten. Each manufacturer tires labeling technology Runflat

Detailed description of various types of automotive tire marking

Marking of automotive tires

Tire marking can be carried out in two systems in the metric and inches. Consider an example of tire marking in a metric system based on a car tire Michelin Energy. 195/65 / R15 91T.

Consider the tire parameters in order:

• 195 - profile width in millimeters;
• 65 - the ratio of profile height to the width in percent, i.e. For this tire, the height of the Ravane profile is 126.8 mm. If this parameter is not specified, it is considered to be 82%;
• R. - Means that the tire has a radial type frame. If the letters r is not, then the tire of a diagonal type;
• 91 - Load index, in our case, the maximum allowable load on the presented tire is 615 kg (on some models, in addition to this, the load in kg can be indicated in the Max Load). A complete list of load indices is presented in the table;

• T. - Speed \u200b\u200bindex, denotes that when using this tire it is possible to comfortably move at speeds up to 190 km / h. A full list of speed indexes is presented in the table.

Very often, the tires for SUVs indicate in an inch system. Consider an example of marking in an inch system on the Tire Example Cooper Discoverer St., Take for example size LT 35 / 12.5 R15 113Q:

• 35 - the outer diameter of the tire in inches, which is equivalent to 889 mm;
• 12.5 - nominal width in inches, which is equivalent to 317.5 mm;
• R. - means that the tire of the radial design;
• 15 - disk diameter in inches, which is 381 mm;
• 113 - index maximum permissible load. In our case, up to 1150 kg;
• Q. - index maximum permissible speed, which for our tire corresponds to 160 km / h.

Additional car tire marking

1. Before the sizes, the bus function may be indicated:
   • P. - passenger car (PASSENGER CAR);
   • Lt. - Light truck (Light Truck);
   • St. - Trailer (Special Trailer);
   • Lro. - Low Platform Trailer;
   • T. - Temporary (used only for spare tires).

2. All-season tires can be marked with the following additional labels:

   • M & S. - dirt plus snow (MUD + SNOW);
   • A / T. - for any terrain (All Terrain);
   • As - for all seasons (All Season);
   • Any Season. - for any season;
   • R + W. - Road plus winter (Road + Winter);
   • Aw - any weather (Any Weather);
   • All Season. - for all seasons;
   • also, the snowflake icon can also be used to designate a tire for harsh winter conditions.

3. The following bus protection systems are possible:

   • Ssr. - system of emergency protection of the tire with a pressure loss;
   • MFS. (MAXIMUM FLANGE SHIELD) - Maximum protection for cutting disk;
   • Fr. (Flage Rotector) - Tire with the protection of the wheel rim;
   • Dsst. - Dunlop Self-Supporting Technology;
   • Runflat. - technology that allows your car to continue moving after a puncture or tire descent;
   • Runonflat. - EMT previously known under the abbreviation, allow you to continue moving at partial or complete pressure loss.
4. The following types of inscriptions and engraving on the tire are possible:
   • Owl. - (Outline White Letters) - contour white letters on the sidewall of the tire;
   • BSW. - (Black Side Wall) - Black letters on the sidewall of the tires (in the designation of the trading tire brand);
   • VSB. - (Vertical Serrated Band) vertical bias;
   • RWL. - White strip on the sidewall;
   • Orbl - (Outlined Raised Black Letters) black highlighted raised letters on the sidewall;
   • RRBL - (Reced Raised Black Letters) recessed embossed black signs;
   • WSW. - white sidewall;
   • Blk. - Black sidewall.

5. On the studded tires indicate the type of spike. The following types of spikes distinguish:

   • AD - aluminum spikes;
   • SD. - spikes with a carbide core;
   • DD. - spikes with a rectangular core and a diamond face;
   • OD. - spikes with an oval core;
   • MD. - Plastic spikes with a carbide core.

6. Special rain tires can be marked as follows:

   • Aquatred.;
   • Aquacontact.;
   • Rain.;
   • Water;
   • Aqua.;
   • pictogram umbrella.

7. In addition, there may be the following notation on the tire:

   • M / T. - indicates that the tire for mud landscapes (MUD terrain);
   • XL - enhanced tire (Extra Load);
   • Rf - reinforced bus with increased lifting capacity (reinforced \u003d XL);
   • Outsade or Side Facing Out. - the external side of the installation;
   • Inside or Side Facing Inwards - the inner side of the installation;
   • Rotation and the arrow on the sidewall of the tire means the directional tire, when the bus is installed, it is necessary to strictly observe the direction of rotation of the tire specified by the arrow;
   • Left. - the tire is installed on the left side of the car;
   • Right - the tire is installed on the right side of the car;
   • Tubeless - Cameless tire. In the absence of this test, the tire can only be used with the camera;
   • Tube Type. - the tire must be operated only with the camera;
   • Max Pressure. - the maximum allowable pressure in the tire, in the kPa;
   • Max Load. - the maximum allowable load on the tire, kg;
   • Reinforced. or letters Rf In the sampler mean that this is a reinforced bus (6 layers);
   • FROM At the end of the size indicates a cargo tire (8 layers);
   • Radial - means that this is a tire of radial design;
   • Steel - means that metal cord is present in the tire design;
   • E. (in a circle) - the tire corresponds to the European ECE requirements (ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE);
   • Dot. - American Quality Standard (Department of Transportation - US Department of Transport);
   • Temperature A., IN or FROM Tire heat resistance at high speeds on the test stand (A - the best indicator);
   • Traction A., IN or FROM - the ability of the tire to braking on a wet roadway;
   • Treadwear. - the relative expected mileage kilomeage compared to the special standard US test;
   • E17 - compliance with European standards;
   • Dot. - compliance with US standards;
   • PLIES: Tread. - composition of the tread layer;
   • Sidewall - composition of the sidewall layer;
   • DA (stamp) - minor production defects without preventing normal operation;
   • Twid - Projector wear indicator indicator. The indicator itself is a protector at the bottom of the tread groove. When the protector is erased to the level of this protrusion, the tire is time to change;
   • N0., N1, N2. and N3 - tire designed for Porsche;
   • J. - Tire designed for Jaguar models.

Marking of reinforced tires:

Tires for cars of some brands are marked with special characters:

Other designations.

In addition to the above, other designations that carry use of useful information may be present on the sidewall of the tires:

* - abbreviation OD, DD, MD, AD, spike. - means that the tires are observed by an oval spike (OD), a spike with a diamond face (DD), a plastic spike (MD), or a cylindrical aluminum spike with a carbide heating creeper (AD, spike)

The Association of the Rubber Industry of Canada and the Association of Manufacturers of US Rubber Products (Rubber Manufacturers Association) adopted a special test method of American Society Society and Materials, ASTM. This test estimates tires in real conditions of snow-covered roads. After long disputes and discussions, all tire manufacturers agreed to accept this standard proposed by ASTM, along with a special symbol of snowflakes on the background of the mountain. On the adoption of a new standard was announced in February 1999.

These designations are not applied on the sidewall of the tire! This information is used by manufacturers in the name of the tires.

Question, what better to buy untouched tires or studded, standing in front of many bus stairs. For the most part, most drivers, according to statistics, tends to buy studded tires, despite the fact that prices for them practically do not differ. However, the rating of winter studded and untapped tires, published on our website, shows that there are quite a lot of people prefer and unwanted rubber, which has good indicators on a relatively pure dry or wet asphalt.

The studded tires are more stable in different conditions and if you do not have a lot of experience, then it is better to give preference to them. It's more difficult with them to get stuck in unscredit courtyards and "climb" for icing lifting.

If you have experience using untouched tires, and the operation of the car will occur in urban environments when the roads are water with antholstered reagents, then you can buy winter tires without spikes. At the same time, it is necessary to use a more accurate driving style on icing roads, especially with negative temperatures close to zero degrees.

When choosing winter rubber, it is useful to familiarize yourself with the opinions of other users on the page.

Some tire models have an additional sidewall element located in the side zone, which is called the protection of the rim of the disk. It can be made in the form of a protruding rubber belt or a special seal in the same zone.
The purpose of these technical solutions is the protection of the rim of the disk from contact with, for example, border stones in the implementation of the parking maneuver, since this kind of contacts can lead to the appearance of chips, losses and other surface damage.

Sports image

In addition to the function to reduce the negative impact on the side of foreign objects to the disk, the protection of the wheel rim has an aesthetic effect, by hanging the visual combination of the tire and disk to a more sporty image.

At the moment, the protection of the rim of the disk is an independent element of the tire, which does not have a generally accepted marking on the bus and / or in the designation of the tire article. In this regard, a number of manufacturers adds their own labeling, indicating the presence of a disk rim protection, and other manufacturers do not indicate this at all. There are several approaches, guided by which tire manufacturers use the protection of the rim on tires:
- applied on a specific model, for all sizes that are available.
- It is used for certain sizes isolated on geometric features (for example, for low-profile sizes)
- Used for certain sizes allocated by image signs (for example, for the size supplied to the primary fitting of sports cars)

Consultation is needed

In connection with the variety of approaches to the formation of a bus supply, equipped with the protection of the rim of the disk, as well as the absence of a single marking, it is necessary to consult into (or contact the tire manufacturer's clarification) if you need to select a bus with this protective element.

For example, Michelin applies the protection of the wheel rim for sports models: ,.
Attention! Disk rim protection is an independent structural element of the sidewall bus, it is not required to use on tires made using self-supporting tire technology, as well as on tires having an enlarged bearing capacity.