At the end of April, Tesla introduced batteries for the home. What is this: Another revolution from the American Corporation or a logical link on the way to building a smart and independent home? Let's figure it out together.
Ilona mask rightly can be called a revolutionary technology in the world. 10 years ago, few people believed that electric vehicles would fall on the mass market, and today Tesla Model S is a sedan who would not mind to take possession of every car enthusiast. Alternative to the gasoline engine was found long ago, but no one was decided to break the whole industry for a long time.
The issue of mining and consumption of electricity in the XXI century is especially acute. Today, the existence of mankind is literally depends on it. The traditional classification of energy mining has two global branches:
- mining using commercial sources: Coal, combustible shale, oil, gas (in fact, they are the basis of modern energy, covering 90% of the total requests from enterprises and the population), nuclear, hydro, geothermal, solar, wave and tidal stations.
- mining with the use of non-commercial sources: Agricultural and industrial waste, muscular strength, firewood.
Despite the crisis of fuel resources, with whom the headlines of the newspapers in the early 70s, after almost 50 years, in the principles of electricity mining, little has changed. The population is growing, the potential need for electricity is growing, and as a result - the planet is increasingly polluted. And it is possible to argue that it will come earlier - an energy crisis or an environmental catastrophe, but the best way out of this situation is a cardinal review of the entire energy industry and the principles of ensuring the population of electricity.
TESLA energy and infrastructure
On April 30, Ilon Mask presents a decision that should be favorable not only on the environment, but also on consumer wallets. Tesla Powerwall Cares about the environment, radically reducing carbon dioxide emissions and allows you to forget about impressive electricity bills. We will deal with the last item a little later, but while we look at the world that Tesla offers us.
The idea of \u200b\u200bthe accumulation of electricity and autonomous maintenance of houses is not a novelty. Many owners of country cottages covered their housing roofs with sunbathing, providing food with lead-acid batteries. And here is the first advantage of Tesla Powerwall.
The number of work cycles of charge-discharge in a lead-acid battery barely reaches 800, while lithium-ion can boast 1000-1200 cycles. By the ratio of "weight-container", a lithium-ion battery is almost 5 times greater than lead-acid. That is what Tesla has been allowed to create a catchy design of its new product line.
Design and form factor. Yes, the opinion of any product in a person consists of its appearance. Rounded edges, the minimum thickness (by the standards of competing products) of the body, the presence of an assortment of color solutions. Do not even delve into the principles of work Tesla Powerwall, you start thinking about how it would complement your garage. Tesla Powerwall is attached to the wall and occupies a minimum of space.
Holistic ecosystem. Presented Tesla Powerwall batteries are supplied in two modifications with a capacity of 7 and 10 kW * h at a price in $3000 and $3500 respectively. In the event that the consumer feels a clear lack of capacity, it can always supplement the arsenal batteries by buying another one, thereby increasing the total capacity up to 90 kW * h (up to 9 batteries is allowed). Connection does not require a thorough study of the principles of building a power grid: one cable solves all problems.
Solution for enterprises and business. Together with Powerwall, a product that can solve the problem of providing factories, plants and an integer industry - batteries Tesla PowerPack. Their feature is the ability of infinite increase in potential capacity up to several gigavatt * h.
Plans for complete alternative electrification. Ilon Mask is a man who is used to think globally. That is why the presentation of Tesla batteries does not pursue the only purpose of the product in the limited circle of interested users. We are talking about the large-scale and total electrification of the entire planet Earth with batteries. To ensure the entire planet's energy TESLA sufficient 900 million PowerPack batteries.
Caring for ecology, full rejection of electricity production, the source of which will serve exhaustable natural resources leading to the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere and the full autonomy of any, even the most remote corner of the planet - all this realities today. But until the moment when it comes (if it comes), the global transition to electricity, bothering from the sun, wind, tides and accumulated into batteries, the potential buyer is interested in the question: is it profitable to purchase Tesla Powerwall today?
Dry numbers
So, let's consider the economic feasibility of acquiring an innovative product from Tesla. Is it worth the "sheepskin" and how payback will behave in the context of Russia and the United States.
Conditions of expectations:
- we will take daily electricity consumption by the owner of the Tesla Powerwall equal 10 kW. full battery capacity is enough for a day of consumption;
- tESLA Powerwall cost - $3 500 that at the rate, relevant at the time of publication of these settlements is 175 000 rubles (taking into account rounding and at the rate of 50.01 rubles for $ 1);
- to the value of Tesla Powerwall add the need to buy an inverter, the cost of which is about $ 1500 - 75,000 rubles;
- we take into account the loss when connecting Tesla Powerwall in the chain battery - Current Converter - Inverter. Common The efficiency of the system will be 87%. Those. Initially, the consumer is available not 10 kW * h, but only 8.7.
- with two-zone billing (day / night tariffs) We will take the daytime energy consumption at the level of 5 kW * h (57.5% of the maximum resource of Tesla Powerwall), and the evening - at the level of 3.7 kW * h (42.5%) .
Situation in the USA:
In the United States operates Two-zone tariff By payment of electricity:
- From 14:00 to 19:00 The cost of 1 kW * h electricity is $ 0.2032 (10.16 rubles).
From 19:00 to 14:00 The cost drops sharply to $ 0.0463 (2.31 rubles) per 1 kW * h.
When consuming 5 kW * h in day and 3,7 kW * h in "Night" time, daily costs when using a standard power grid will be:
5kW * h * 10,16 rub + 3,7kw * h * 2,31 rub \u003d 50,82 rub + 8,54 rub \u003d 59.36 rub / day.
59.34 rubles * 365 days \u003d 21 659 rubles per year.
The standard lithium-ion battery loses about 6% (0.6 kW) of its original container (ie, 10 kW) per year. Every year, its capacity will be shrinking and after 3-4 years later, only one Tesla Powerwall will not be enough. Here are exemplary calculations of how the battery will behave over time.
Years of operation: The maximum battery life is 15 years.
Maximum capacity: It decreases by 6% (0.6 kW) from the initial capacity every year.
The cost of electricity: Calculated from the ratio of day / night tariffs on the prices specified above.
Saving: What amount allows you to save Tesla Powerwall per year.
Extras. Energy: We agreed that we consume 8.7 kW daily. The missing electricity (accumulated by the degradation of the battery) compensate for the public power grid.
For 15 years of use, even excluding an extra energy embezzlement, Tesla Powerwall does not pay off. If we consider that the cost of kW * electricity hours in Russia below about 60%, it is hardly worth talking about the feasibility of such an acquisition. Let me remind you that the purchase of the Tesla Powerwall kit cost 250,000 rubles and it is excluding solar panels.
Reflections
A non-volatile solution proposed by TESLA is the right look into the future without emissions and merciless use of natural resources. Alas, for the end user, the cost declared on Tesla Powerwall will not be cost-effective acquisition. To buy the battery, you will need to add "the price of incense and candles" in the form of solar panels, converter and inverter, and the degradation of lithium-ion batteries is simply it will not allow to cover initial costs. But if you are ready to invest in the future, ready to take a step towards the Green Planet and the price of the question is not determining - TESLA Powerwall time has already come for you.
And do not forget that utilization of any battery is also worth the money. Sometimes considerable.
The loss of battery capacity during operation is one of the problems of electric vehicles, despite the fact that this process is the norm for any devices equipped with lithium-ion batteries. However, the experts of the organization Plug-in America found that the electric vehicle in this regard is an exception.
So they spent independent study which showed that the loss of the power of the Model S battery even during long run is small. In particular, the battery pack of this car, the average loses 5% of its capacity after overcoming the machine of 50 thousand miles (80 thousand km), and when running more than 100 thousand miles (160 thousand km) - and at all 8% . The study was carried out on the basis of data 500 Tesla Model S electrocars, the total mileage of which amounted to more than 12 million miles (20 million km).
In addition, Plug-in America held another study that has shown that in four years (from the moment of the release of Tesla Model s to the market), the number of appeals to the Tesla service stations due to problems with the battery, electric motor or charger decreased device.
The battery capacity may depend on several factors, such as the frequency of complete charging of the container, the periods of stay in the uncharged state and the number of fast charging. Plugin America data also show that replacement coefficients for the main components have improved significantly:
Such data is encouraged, but despite this Tesla continues to work on improving its battery and cell technology. The company began scientific cooperation with the research team Jeff Dahn University of Dalhaus. This department specializes in increasing the service life of cells of lithium-ion batteries, and its goal is the maximum extension of the run on the battery with a small power loss.
Note that the Tesla Model S battery, as well as the car itself since 2014 has a warranty for a period of 8 years and without restrictions on mileage. Then the head of Tesla Ilon Mask explained the adoption of such a solution like this: "If we really believe that the electric motors are much more reliable than engines of internal combustion, with fewer moving parts ... then our warranty policy should reflect it."
This car is generally of course recently a rather controversial attitude. Many are discussing what is he, others. There are people who consider the Tesla car with an excellent element of a PR campaign built on the sale of the fact that it has long existed, but it never occurred to anyone from this to make a car, and he has a little bit and even exists
But let's leave these controversy "overboard" and look at the main element of this car - batteries. There were people who were not lazy and did not climbed some amount of money took and saw the battery from the car.
That's how it looked
Tesla Motors is the creator of truly revolutionary eco-cars, which not only produced serially, but also have unique indicators that allow them to use literally daily. Today we will look inside the electric vehicle battery Tesla Model S learn how it is arranged and reveal the magic of success of this battery.
According to the North American Environmental Protection Agency (ELE), Model S is enough one post-85 kW batteries for overcoming more than 400 km, which is the most significant indicator among such cars presented in the specialized market. For overclocking up to 100 km / hour, only 4.4 seconds are enough to the electrocaria.
The key to the success of this model is the presence of lithium-ion batteries, the main components of which are shipped for Tesla by Panasonic. Tesla Batteries are sheaven legends. And therefore one of the owners of such a battery decided to break its integrity and find out what it is inside. By the way, the cost of such a battery is equal to 45 000 USD.
The battery is located in the bottom, thanks to which Tesla has a low center of gravity and excellent handling. He joins the body through brackets.
TESLA battery. Disassemble
The battery compartment is formed by 16 blocks that are parallel to and are fencing from the environment by means of metal plates, as well as a plastic overlay that prevents water from entering.
Before it fully disassembled, the electrical voltage was measured, confirmed the working condition of the battery.
The accumulation of batteries is distinguished by high density and precision fitting parts. The entire configuration process passes in a completely sterile room using robots.
Each block consists of 74 elements, it looks extremely similar to simple palter batteries (Panasonic lithium-ion cells) divided into 6 groups. At the same time, find out the scheme of their placement and work is almost unrealistic - this is a big secret, which means that the replica of this battery will be extremely difficult. Chinese analogue of the Tesla Model S Battery We are unlikely to see!
The role of a positive electrode is graphite, and negative - nickel, cobalt and aluminum oxide. The specified amount of electrical voltage in the capsule is 3.6V.
The most powerful of the existing batteries (its volume is 85 kW * h) consists of 7104 similar batteries. And it weighs about 540 kg, and its parameters are 210 cm in length, 150 cm in width and 15 cm in thickness. The amount of energy produced by just one block of 16 is equal to the number produced by hundreds of batteries from laptop computers.
When assembling its tesla batteries, elements manufactured in various countries, such as India, PRC, Mexico, but final refinement and equipment are made in the United States. The company provides warranty service for its products for up to 8 years.
So you learned from which the Tesla Model S Battery and the principle of its work.
Another interesting thing about Tesla: here you are, and here it is
The new generation of Tesla batteries is designed in the secret zone
Alexander Klimnov, photo Tesla and Teslarati.com
Today Tesla Inc. It works very hard on the next generation of already its own batteries. They must keep a much greater amount of energy and at the same time become much cheaper.
New rechargeable batteries can begin to apply on a promising TESLA pickup (drawing of a possible pickup picap, which for other data can become more brutal, as it will have to be able to see the current bestseller of America Ford F-Series from the market)
Californians were those who created the first electric vehicles suitable for serial production. Energy-intensive lithium-ion batteries, thus, radically adjusted their stroke reserve. At that time, the batteries model Roadster - Tesla's primary brand, consisted of thousands of ordinary finger batteries for laptops, now for electric vehicles lithium-ion batteries are created specifically. Now they produce many manufacturers, but the advanced TESLA technology still allows it to remain the leader in the energy-intensive battery segment. However, the world's first information on the following even more powerful generation of Tesla batteries began to leak into the world media.
Technological breakthrough through business absorption
The revolutionary jump, in terms of the development of the design of Tesla batteries, will probably be due to the acquisition of Tesla Inc. Maxwell Technologies from San Diego. Maxwell manufactures supercapacitors (Ionister) and actively explores the technology of solid-state (dry) electrodes. According to Maxwell, when using this technology, it has already achieved energy intensity at the level of 300 watts of the battery. The task for the future is a breakthrough to the level of energy intensity of more than 500 W h / kg. In addition, the cost of producing solid-state batteries should be 10-20% lower than those used by today Tesla with a liquid electrolyte. The California company also reported another bonus - predicted doubling battery life. Thus, Tesla will be able to reach the coveted 400-mile (643.6 km) mileage of its electric vehicles and achieve complete competitiveness with ordinary cars for the price. 
The new Tesla Roadster Supercar 2020 will be able to reach the stated stroke stock of 640 km only on fundamentally new batteries.
Tesla planned the own production of AKB?The German website of the AUTO Motor und Sport magazine informs about stubborn rumors about the deployment of Tesla's own production of batteries. Until now, the rechargeable elements (cells) of Californians supplied the Japanese Panasonic manufacturer - for Model S and Model X, they are imported directly from Japan, and for Model 3 cells are produced at Gigafactory 1 in the US state of Nevada. Production on Gigafactory 1 jointly manage Panasonic and Tesla. However, recently it led to huge disagreements, as Panasonic was obviously disappointed with Tesla sales rates, and also feared that Californians would not expand this production of batteries in the future.
Input Startup Compact Tesla Model Y In 2020, the source of batteries arrived
In particular, the rhythmic supply of batteries for an announced on autumn 2020 Model Y is questioned by the Director General of Panasonic Casukhiro Tsuga. Currently, Panasonic at all ceased its investment in Gigafactory 1. Perhaps Tesla wants to become independent of the Japanese by mastering their own production of battery elements.
Tesla today acts as a leader in high-tank batteries for electric vehicles and Californians firmly intend to defend its fundamental competitive advantage. The crucial step can be the purchase of Maxwell Technologies, but it depends on how much San Diego experts really managed to advance to the conclusion of the revolutionary technology of solid-state batteries. 
If the revolutionary technology of solid-state batteries really take place, it is possible that Tesla SEMI electric shock will become a bestseller in the cargo market, like Model 3 on the passenger
So far, many automakers are configured on their own production of battery elements. It seems that Tesla wants to become more independent of its supplier Panasonic and therefore also conducts research in this area.
With the advent of the revolutionary high-energy solid-state batteries, Tesla will receive a decisive advantage in the market and, finally, releases a long-promised Ilona mask owner, really cheap and "long-range" electric cars, which will cause an avalanche growth of the BEV market.
According to CNBC sources, the secret TESLA laboratory is located in a separate building near the Tesla plant in Frimont (photo by the screensaver). Previously, there were messages about the closed "zone-laboratory", which was on the second floor of the enterprise. Probably, the current rechargeable division is the successor of the former laboratory, but even more classified. 
A valid breakthrough in the Tesla automotive market will be able to achieve only if its line of models will become even more "long-range" with a significant price reduction
According to analysts IHS Markit, the most expensive element of the modern electric vehicle is a battery, but most of the money receives not Tesla, but Panasonic.
Insiders are not yet able to report the real achievements of the secret laboratory TESLA. It is assumed that Ilon Mask will share it at the end of the year during the traditional conference session with investors.
Earlier it was reported that Tesla plans to sell 1000 electric vehicles Tesla Model 3 per day. The current monthly record TESLA for the supply of Model 3 is 90,700 electric vehicles. If companies manage to put a planned amount of electric vehicles in June, this record can be broken.
In the spring of 2015, Tesla showed the public a new battery for home. In essence, he is a new stage of development of the corporation. This battery is another step towards creating a smart home, which will not depend on external communications.
History of creation
Production and consumption of electrical energy in the 21st century is one of the most important problems. From it, the prospects for all mankind are largely dependent. Traditionally, the production of electricity is carried out in two ways:
- commercial (recycling coal, oil, gas, nuclear energy, water and solar energy);
- non-commercial (processing industrial waste, firewood, the use of muscular strength).
Moreover, commercial sources account for more than 90% of all the extraction of electricity. This trend is observed not one dozen years, despite the essential crisis of fuel resources and the pollution of the atmosphere. If you do not start correcting the situation, then there may be either a crisis of energy or a global ecological catastrophe. Therefore, Tesla decided to contribute to improving the production and use of electricity by developing an innovative battery.
The project to create this unique Tesla battery was led by Elon Mask himself, whom can be considered a revolutionary in the field of information technology. Indeed, another 10 years ago, almost no one believed in the success of electric vehicles. However, by the efforts of Elon Mask managed to create a popular high-quality electric car Tesla Model S, which will want to buy every motorist. It turned out that despite the monopoly of internal combustion engines, an alternative to liquid fuel was found for a long time. Simply nobody decided to change the established traditions. Following the success of electric vehicles, Tesla decided to engage in the development of a domestic battery.
The decision about this was presented on April 30 by the Elon Mask himself. Such revolutionary development should not only be positively affected by the environment, but also on the economy as a whole. The new battery is called Tesla Powerwall. It will allow you to reduce carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere and significantly reduce electricity costs. That is, in essence, the company Tesla took up the continuation of the idea on the autonomous provision of houses, which is no longer unique. Already today, many owners of country houses cover the roofs of their housing by solar panels that feed lead-acid batteries. The new battery from the company Tesla must become much more efficient and cost-effective.
Powerwall batteries characteristics
Powerwall battery can take energy from both solar panels and other energy sources. The system may have a container of 7 and 10 kW. Accordingly, the first option is suitable for daily use, and the second is to create energy reserves. According to expert estimates, the average American family living in a separate house with three bedrooms, which will exploit the Tesla battery, spends about 3200 kW per hour. Therefore, a fully charged battery can provide such a house for about 4-5 hours.
It is assumed that the installation of the Tesla batteries will be carried out in conjunction with Solar City. This company is engaged in the manufacture and installation of solar panels, and its largest shareholder is also a brilliant milk mask. Subsequently, it is planned to use other partners who will participate in the development of the project. According to financial experts, the sale of new batteries can bring Tesla by almost $ 4.5 billion. This is due to the fact that many large firms will be able to use new batteries for their own purposes. It is for them that the POWERPACK system will be developed, which will include a whole set of 100 kW battery packs per hour. For industrial purposes, these batteries can be combined into a total system with a capacity of 10 MW per hour and even more. Tesla has already announced that the equipment is already beginning to be tested in American Walmart and Cargill firms.
Benefits of the Tesla Powerwall battery
Application of lithium-ion battery elements
The use of lithium-ion batteries is an important innovative solution that has been taken as a basis for creating a Powerwall battery. This battery is significantly superior in many ways to traditional acid lead samples. Thus, the lead-acid battery has no more than 800 discharge cycles and charging. At the same time, the lithium-ion battery has 1000-1200 charging and discharge cycles. In addition, the lithium-ion battery is several times better lead in the ratio of weight and tank.
Pleasant design
It is thanks to the small size of the Tesla battery received a beautiful and stylish design. The developers of Tesla Powerwall decided that this product should create a pleasant first impression, which in the end can become decisive. This product is distinguished by rounded edges and relatively small thickness compared to competitors. In addition, for these batteries, creators offer a wide variety of color solutions. Therefore, even without taking into account the technical characteristics, Tesla Powerwall will definitely attract your attention. This device can be fixed directly on the wall, where it will make the lowest space.
Holistic ecopructura
The new Powerwall battery is presented in two modifications, each of which has a capacity of 7 and 10 kW per hour. Their cost is 3 thousand and 3.5 thousand dollars, respectively. In principle, if the consumer for some reason does not have enough capacity, then it can add a few more batteries to the system, adjusting a total capacity up to 90 kW per hour. That is, you can maximize up to 9 batteries. In order to connect these batteries, you do not need to thoroughly study the principles of building electrical networks. Here you can solve all the problems with one cable.
Effective business and industry solution
In parallel with Powerwall, another system was also presented, which is intended to provide electricity for industrial facilities. This novelty got the name Tesla PowerPack. The peculiarity of this battery is the possibility of infinite increasing potential capacity, reaching several gigawatts per hour. This battery was created under the leadership of Ilona Mask, which is used to think largely. Therefore, this battery was presented not so much for individual users as for the entire electrification system as a whole. In order to ensure the entire planet, the Tesla company is going to create more than 900 million POWERPACK batteries.
This system will take care of ecology, which will fully abandon industrial electricity generation using fossil resources. All this will reduce the emission of external substances into the environment. In addition, the Tesla PowerPack battery will allow you to achieve complete autonomy of any industrial facility.
Payback calculation in Russia
Before you buy a battery of the Tesla company, you should understand whether it will be beneficial for you. If you take the amount of energy consumed per day for 10 kW per hour, it will be equal to the use of the full capacity of the battery per day. The price of the Tesla Powerwall battery is 3.5 thousand, which is about 175 thousand rubles for the current exchange rate. In addition, you should not forget about the need to acquire an inverter, which is worth 1.5 thousand dollars on modern standards. Also, no need to forget about losses that may occur in an electrical circuit consisting of battery, current converter and inverter. At the same time, the total CPD of the Tesla battery is approximately 87%. Therefore, the user receives not all 10 kW per hour, but only 8.7 kW per hour.
Taking into account the two-zone billing, the daily energy consumption is 5 kW per hour, which is 57% of the maximum resource of Tesla Powerwall. All other energy at the same time goes to evening consumption. With this calculation in the day of use of the power grid, expenses for the year will amount to about 22 thousand rubles per year in the United States and more than a third less in Russia. Next, it is necessary to take into account that the usual lithium-ion battery traditionally loses about 6% of its initial container during the year. Therefore, over time, the battery capacity will gradually decrease, and after a few you can not cope with the Tesla Powerwall battery.
It turns out that, taking into account all the costs, the Tesla Powerwall battery in our country does not pay for itself even for 15 years. The total cost of equipment even without solar panels is approximately 250 thousand rubles.
Reflections on the topic
According to many specialists, the new development of the company is an interesting option that allows energy desection. This device will allow to count on the future, deprived of harmful emissions with constant exhaustion of natural fossils. However, today the cost of this equipment is too high to be beneficial in our country. In addition, if the cost of adding the price of the converter, inverter and solar panels, the situation will be even less iris. At the same time, many are ready to invest in our future now to create a green planet in such a way. For this purpose, Tesla Powerwall is suitable in the best possible way. In addition, you can count on a further decrease in the cost of Tesla batteries in the future.
Of course, the idea of \u200b\u200bElon Mask is not completely innovative, as in the world today there are many options for domestic batteries. However, according to the mask, all these batteries are too expensive, uncomfortable and not too reliable. Therefore, the main goal of the Tesla company is the popularization of these batteries and reduce their price.
According to experts, the new Powerwall batteries should like those families and enterprises that already have solar panels installed on the roof. Mask himself believes that only one California has at least 300 private houses that are equipped with solar systems. Therefore, all of them can be safely equipped with Tesla batteries. Also, similar batteries will become an excellent option for buildings that need constant uninterrupted nutrition. This applies to hospitals, military organizations, and so on. Due to the accumulation of solar energy, you can make solar batteries more efficient and in demand. For example, if earlier many refused solar panels, as they worked only with bright sunlight, now the situation may change. Thanks to the use of batteries, energy can accumulate during the day and used in the evening, which is more rational.
disadvantages
The key disadvantage of the Tesla battery is its high cost. In addition, for the installation of the battery will have to additionally pay a few more thousands of dollars. Agree that such a luxury can afford not every family. Therefore, according to Elon Mask, it is necessary to show people that with the help of this device can be significantly saved. For this purpose, it is supposed to reduce the initial cost of the device by about 30%. It will be possible when the construction of a new Tesla plant in Nevada is completed. In general, experts are optimistic, as, in their opinion, over the past few decades, the cost of electrical energy is mainly falling in the near future, the prerequisites for increasing this price. That is why in a short time, the development of the company of Tesla in the form of a unique home battery will become really popular and in demand.
