Valves are one of the important parts of the gas distribution mechanism and when the timing belt breaks, they most often undergo significant deformations. And as a result, it provides expensive repairs to the car owner.

This article describes the principles of operation of the gas distribution system, the reasons for which the valve bends, the consequences of a broken timing belt for the engine, and also describes on which motors the valve bends or does not bend when the belt breaks.

The following main reasons can be distinguished:

• Timing belt condition (cracks, tooth wear, belt overtightened or loose)
• Failure to comply with the timing of belt replacement (high vehicle mileage).
• Foreign body ingress (check that the protective cover is installed correctly)

What happens in the engine when the belt breaks

Today, engines with 8 and 16 cl. Are most often used. They are responsible for the compression of the cylinders and for the release of exhaust gases. They move because of the camshaft, which unwinds and presses on the valve.
An engine's duty cycle is a periodically repeating series of sequential processes that take place in each cylinder of the engine.
The working cycle of the engine takes place in 4 strokes or 2 revolutions of the engine crankshaft. (such engines are called 4-stroke, there are also 2-stroke, but now they are not used in cars).
So you:

• Inlet
• Compression
• Extension
• Release

The valves open and close at the right time. The drive is carried out by cams located on the camshaft. When the cams rotate, its protruding part presses on the valve, as a result of which it opens. Cl. the spring closes it.

Cam is an integral part of the camshaft (drivers call it camshaft). The camshaft has journal journals and cams. The torque from the crankshaft to the camshaft is transmitted by a chain or timing belt.

If with the engine running the drive belt breaks b, then the camshaft ceases to be associated with the crankshaft. And it can stop arbitrarily in such a position in which any of the valves will be fully open. In this case, the piston, when moving upward, can collide with the valve, which in this case bends. As a result, the engine is in danger of serious repairs. The motor is to be disassembled, it is necessary to replace the valves, and in some cases the "Head" of the block may also be damaged, and so that it will need to be completely replaced.

On what machines the valve bends

On most cars, when the timing belt breaks, there is a problem of bending the valves. It doesn't even matter if the engine is idling or driving on the highway. They can still bend out. It is important exactly how much the gear cranked when the belt breaks. Bending can occur at 8, 16 and 20 cells. motors, diesel and gasoline engines, small cars and cars with a large displacement. That's why it is very important to replace the timing belt in a timely manner. But a timing break does not always lead to bending.

On what machines the valve does not bend

Some engines have a little protection - grooves, which are small indentations. These grooves are installed so that at high speeds the piston does not catch up with the closing valve. But when the timing belt breaks, they also help reduce the negative consequences, and in some cases they do not bend the valve at all.

Sometimes car owners grind them out on their own, but this is not always correct. Because the presence of these recesses leads to a decrease in the engine, an increase in fuel consumption, and the content of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases... Many auto companies have now given up this protection.

The most reliable method of dealing with valve bending is to replace the belt in time.

What to do to prevent the valve from bent when the timing belt breaks

In order for the valve not to bend it is necessary monitor the state timing belt. It is necessary to change it according to the terms indicated in the service book (approximately 60-70 thousand km.). But it is also necessary to periodically produce visual inspection belt, even if the replacement date has not come. Quite often, the belt breaks immediately after its installation after 1000-2000 km. This happens if the work on its replacement was performed poorly.

Remove the shroud and check the belt periodically. Inspect it from the outside, check the ribs of the belt and the presence of microcracks. And also it should not be tightly clamped. Conduct such inspections from time to time. As soon as you see signs of wear on the belt, it is time to replace it.

How to understand that the valve is bent

If the belt breaks, there is little chance of engine damage. Before removing the cylinder head, it is necessary to measure the compression in the cylinders in case the crankshaft can be turned. In the event that the valves are damaged, there will be a lack of compression. Always disconnect the battery when carrying out repair work on the engine. To facilitate crankshaft rotation, the spark plugs for the gasoline engine or the glow plugs for the diesel engine must be removed.

The crankshaft can only be rotated in the normal position (usually clockwise).

The cost of repairing bent valves

Repair of this type usually costs the car owner quite expensive, at least 15 thousand rubles, and in case of head damage, the amount can increase significantly. In case of severe damage, even a new head may be required, and reassembly does not make sense.

Bent valves must not be bent back! Some unscrupulous car services say that they have spare parts for your car in stock, but in fact they bend them back, which is unacceptable. Be sure to ask to show deformed parts after repair.

In order not to bend the valves on the car, it is necessary to replace the timing belt on cars in a timely manner, and also remember that the cost of replacing the timing belt is 10% of the cost of repair work in case of its breakage.

Engine VAZ 21114/11183 1.6L
(Engine 2114 1.6)

Engine characteristic 21114

Years of release - (2004 - present)
Cylinder block material - cast iron
Power system - injector
Type - in-line
Number of cylinders - 4
Valves per cylinder - 2
Piston stroke - 75.6mm
Cylinder diameter - 82mm
Compression ratio - 9.6
The volume of the motor is 1596 cc.
Power - 81 HP / 5200 rpm
Torque - 125Nm / 3000 rpm
Fuel - AI95, 92 (According to unofficial data)
Fuel consumption - city 8.8 liters. | track 6.2 liters. | mixed 7.6 l / 100 km
Oil consumption - 50 g / 1000 km
Oil type:
5W-30
5W-40
10W-40
15W40
How much oil is in the engine 21114 11183: 3.5 liters.
When replacing, pour 3.2 liters.

Resource:
1. According to the plant - 150 thousand km
2. In practice - up to 250-300 thousand km

TUNING
Potential - 180+ HP
Without loss of resource - up to 120 hp.

The engine was installed on:
VAZ 21101
VAZ 21112
VAZ 21121
VAZ 2113
VAZ 2114
VAZ 2115
Lada Granta
Lada Kalina

Malfunctions and repair of the VAZ 11183/21114 engine

Engine 21114, the second name 11183 is a further development of the 2111 1.5 liters. and actually 083 motors. The cylinder block of the 21114 engine is 2.3 mm higher than the 2111, the piston stroke increased from 71 mm to 75.6 mm, due to which the volume became 1.6 liters. The environmental performance of the unit has also increased, it has also become more reliable, less capricious than the VAZ 2111 engine, there is an advantage in elasticity and high torque.
This engine has many names: 21114, 11183, engine 2114, viburnum motor. The differences between the VAZ 21114 engine and the VAZ 11183 are that they are assembled in different places of the plant, physically the engine is one. The names of the 2114 engine (1.5 liters were also called so), as well as the viburnum engine, have taken root among the people.
The engine itself is an in-line 4-cylinder injection engine with an overhead camshaft, the gas distribution mechanism has a belt drive. The resource of the VAZ 11183 (21114) engine, according to the manufacturer's data, is 150 thousand km, in practice the motors run more than 200-250 thousand km. there are cases up to 300 thousand km.
Owners of four cars and other cars with this motor often ask themselves a question, does the 21114 engine bend the valve? The answer is simple: if the timing belt breaks the valve, your engine will not bend, but with a sporty evil camshaft there is a chance.
Among the shortcomings, it is worth noting the requirements for periodic valve adjustment, as well as the noise of the engine, reminiscent of a diesel engine. About noises and knocks, they are, in addition to them, the engine troit, heats up or does not warm up, etc., you can read about the causes of this or that problem.

Tuning of the engine VAZ 11183 (21114)

Consider the potential of 11183 8V motor without replacing the cylinder head with a 16 valve (124 motor and its modifications are mentioned in a separate article)
The easiest way is to replace the camshaft with OKB Dinamika 108 or Nuzhdin 10.93, install a split gear, adjust the phases with this, we will get about 85-90 hp. and a bouncy pick up at the top. We do not skimp on a receiver, a 54 mm damper and a 4-2-1 spider exhaust, this config will go better than a 16 valve 124 engine, while the cost of revising a VAZ will be quite mundane. The revision of the cylinder head and intake manifold, light T-valves and cylinder head milling will allow us to squeeze the maximum. The approximate power of the VAZ 21114 engine in this case will reach 110-115 hp. Let the motor spin more easily, maybe a light piston piston, put it on and get 120+ hp.

Compressor for viburnum motor

An alternative method of obtaining such an output is to install a PK-23-1 compressor, and to increase its efficiency we add Nuzhdin 10.42 or 10.63. The well-known video explains everything that is required for the successful implementation of the project.

Attention MAT (18+)

It is possible to increase power without using a turbine up to 170 hp. and higher, but the resource of the VAZ 11183 engine is significantly reduced.The right step would be to increase the potential by increasing the efficiency of the engine, namely by installing a 16-valve cylinder head, which, together with a valve, a receiver and an exhaust on 51 pipes, will give 110-120 hp. without significant loss of resource.

Turbo viburnum motor

The configuration of a turbo engine based on an 8-valve cylinder head is described, the principle is the same.

One of the scary topics in the conversations of motorists is why the valves bend, on which cars this breakdown is possible, and how to prevent it. Today we will tell you in detail about the reasons why the engine valve fails and the preventive measures for this malfunction.

What are the valves in the motor responsible for?

First, a little theory. Surely every car enthusiast knows how many cylinders there are in the engine of his car, but how many valves it contains - not everyone will give an answer to this question. In most modern engines, there are from eight to sixteen valves (two or four per cylinder), there are power plants (eight or twelve-cylinder), in which the number of valves is from 24 to 32.

The valve is an important part of the gas distribution mechanism (timing) of the engine of the machine, which is located in the cylinder head, is responsible for the timely supply of air to the cylinder and the displacement of exhaust gas from it.

Moreover, the same valve cannot perform these functions, and therefore each cylinder is equipped with two types of valves - intake valves, which supply air to the combustion chamber, and exhaust valves, which squeeze out the combustion products of the air-fuel mixture from this chamber.

There are engines in which there are two exhaust and intake valves per cylinder, and there are those with more intake valves than exhaust valves (three and five-valve cylinders). In the structure of the valve, two parts are distinguished: a plate and a stem. It is the valve stem that gets hit when one of the elements of the gas distribution mechanism fails.

The valves are brought into operation by the camshaft, which, rotating around its axis in the cylinder head, raises some and lowers other valves into the cylinders - these are the so-called gas distribution phases. In turn, the camshaft drives the crankshaft - both of these timing elements are interconnected by a drive, which can be a toothed, belt or chain drive. A gear drive rotates the camshaft in the cylinder block, and a belt or chain drive rotates in the cylinder head.

Currently, the most widespread are engines, in the gas distribution mechanism of which they are used. The belt drive type is simpler in design, but less reliable than the chain drive. The chain type of drive, in turn, is more complicated - its mechanism includes tension rollers and dampers. It is no coincidence that we paid so much attention to the details of the gas distribution mechanism - understanding the principle of its operation will help us in the future to determine the reasons why the valve bends.

Why valves bend

For both a belt-driven gas distribution mechanism and a chain-driven timing mechanism, there may come a moment when a belt or chain drive fails. A break in the timing belt or stretching of the timing chain links that are unable to catch on the teeth of the camshaft gears (slipping) leads to the fact that the camshaft stops abruptly, and the crankshaft continues to move.

At this moment, the valves are recessed into the cylinder, and the piston rises towards them. The lifting force of the piston is much greater than that of descending valves, so the piston hits the valve disc, and the rod, unable to withstand this impact, bends or even breaks. There is a complete stop of the engine, which is not recommended to start again, so as not to provoke more serious damage - failure of the pistons, which is fraught with expensive repairs to the cylinder head.

How to tell if the valves are bent

It is impossible to establish by eye that when the belt breaks or the timing chain slips, the valve is bent. To do this, you need to carry out two simple operations.

To begin with, we will install a new timing belt on the rollers according to the marks and slowly turn the crankshaft. Two to five revolutions are enough to determine that the valves are bent: if the rotation is free, then the valve stems are intact, if it is difficult, the valves are bent.

It so happens that the crankshaft turns, but the valves are still bent. How, in this case, to determine the breakdown? It is necessary to measure, having previously unscrewed the spark plugs. If there is no compression in the cylinder, the valves are bent.

How to prevent valve breakage

Let's analyze the reasons why the belt could break in order to understand how to prevent such a breakdown.

Cause 1. The timing belt has expired. Like any other consumable, the timing belt has its own service life. The car manufacturer in the operating manual indicates the timing of the timing belt replacement - for most engines, it occurs with a mileage of 100-120 thousand kilometers. It is certainly possible to hope that until this moment the belt will serve faithfully, of course, but for greater fidelity, we recommend that at each scheduled maintenance inspect the condition of the belt and, if necessary, replace it. In this case, we will not allow it to break, and, as a result, we will not disentangle the problems with bent valves.

Reason 2. Using a counterfeit timing belt. Some motorists, wanting to save money, buy non-original, cheap timing belts, which break at low mileage - 5-7 thousand kilometers. Advice - be responsible for buying a timing belt, it is better to pay more for this consumable than to fork out for expensive cylinder head repairs later.

Reason 3. Breakdown of the timing pump. In the design of the gas distribution mechanism of some engines, the pump comes into contact with the belt, and if this unit fails, it jams, as a result of which the belt rubs against the pump and frays, which leads to its breakage. The pump wears out at the same mileage as the timing belt, therefore, when replacing the belt, we recommend installing a new pump.

Cause 4. Camshaft wear. This breakdown occurs at high engine mileage (from 150 thousand km or more), and therefore does not occur so often. A jammed camshaft can cause the timing belt to burst. That is why when buying a used car with high mileage, we strongly advise you to take a look at the condition of the camshaft.

Cause 5. Malfunction of the timing drive attachment. The timing belt moves on rollers, which can also wear out, jam, which leads to the belt breaking and the valves being bent.

Although engines with a timing chain drive are considered more reliable, it happens that they also have valve bending. This happens for two reasons: the chain links are stretched or the drive attachments (idler rollers and dampers) fail. The main reason why the timing chain links stretch is the poor quality material from which it is made. Such a disaster happened to Volkswagen engines in the mid-2000s: the German automaker ordered chains from an unscrupulous contractor, and they began to fail at 20-40 thousand mileage, provoking bending of the valves. To prevent such motors from bending the valve, you should periodically diagnose the timing chain and attachments and, if necessary, change them to new ones.

In addition to these methods, it is possible to prevent bending of the valves by making special recesses on the piston heads, which will correspond in size to the valve stems. If a belt breaks or a chain slips through, then when the camshaft stops, the valve rods will not bite into the piston heads, but will enter the grooves and stop there. True, this method also has its drawbacks: an engine with such "tuned" pistons loses up to seven percent of its power. Are you ready to derate the motor of your "iron horse" for the sake of the safety of the valves in case of failure of the timing drive?

Of course, for many experienced car owners, the question such as "is the valve bending on the Priore" has long been studied. But there are many newcomers among drivers who do not have information on this matter. It is for such motorists that this post will be written.

It is worth noting that several engine modifications were installed on Lada Priora cars. And of course, the answer to the question about bent valves will depend on which power unit is installed on your car.

On what engines does the Priory bend the valve?

1. VAZ 21126 is a classic Priorovsky engine, which was the first on these machines. Thanks to changes in the design, namely the lightening of the connecting rod-piston group, there is no room for valve recesses in the pistons. As a result, when the timing belt breaks, which sometimes happens on the Priore, the valves are bent, and sometimes even the pistons are damaged.
2. The VAZ 21116 engine is a simpler 8-valve engine that Priore got from Grants. In appearance, it practically does not differ from a conventional 8-valve injection valve, but inside, again, there are lightweight pistons, which leads to the already familiar consequences in the event of a timing belt breaking - the valve bends. But it is worth noting that the load on the timing belt in 8-valve engines is slightly lower than in 16-cl., And such problems are less common on such power units.
3. VAZ 21127 is an improved 126 engine, which develops not 98, but as much as 106 hp. Of course, here, too, the valve bends when they meet the pistons, because having increased the power, it was impossible to increase the pistons in this case to make the necessary recesses. In fact, the piston remained the same, and the changes affected only the intake receiver.

On which engines does the valve not bend when the timing belt breaks?

It so happened that only one engine was available for Priora, which did not suffer from a problem with valve bending. This is model 21114, which was mainly installed only on the "standard" package, that is, the cheapest versions. But in recent years, it is simply impossible to find Priora with such motors, since this reliable unit was replaced by the 116th from Grants.

In general, everything leads to the fact that the piston group is constantly being lightened, modified, making the engines more powerful and at the same time economical. And of course, this happens to the detriment of the reliability and reliability of the motor when the timing belt breaks. Well, to make sure that the valve bends on the Priora, you can watch a special video review below, which even shows an example with a belt that just jumped over a few teeth.

As you can see, even when the belt jumps over several teeth, all the intake valves have already turned out to be bent. I think that the answer to the questions on this topic has been received, and if you have something to add in essence, you can unsubscribe below in the comments.

The automotive industry knows thousands of engine options that are not very pleasant to operate. In particular, on such power units, when the timing belt breaks, the valves are bent, which meet the pistons in a chaotic inertial motion. The bending of the valves will have to be treated by replacing them, as well as by rebuilding the entire upper part of the engine. It will cost the owner of even an inexpensive domestic car more than 15,000 rubles. Therefore, if there is such an opportunity, it is better to choose power units in which the valves do not bend when the belt breaks. Today we will consider domestic developments in the field of engines for cars. It turns out that in this regard, the engines on domestic cars were quite adequate. Many of them did not know such a problem as bent valves for various problems.

In general, AvtoVAZ has designed quite interesting power units. Yes, most of them had less potential and consumed a lot of fuel. But in fact, it turned out that the engines did not require any maintenance at all. They just served for years without causing any problems or negative situations. In many units, even the oil was not changed, pouring 30-40 thousand cheap mineral water once, which could be obtained during the Soviet Union. So it is not worth scolding the engines of the first VAZ models, up to the VAZ 2108 and 2109. It turns out that this was the best time for the domestic auto industry, which showed the maximum potential and the minimum of problems in use.

VAZ engines from 2101 to 2106

Often, VAZ used the simplest technologies in old cars. The developments of the 70s of the last century served in fact until recently, because the latest version of 2106 was taken out of production just a few years ago. It is very interesting that there were engines throughout the entire range of these cars, which received many important advantages in operation:

• power units often had 8 valves, as well as places for folding them in case of problems;
• the timing belt or chain was of quite high quality, it went 50-60 thousand kilometers (or more than 200 in the case of a chain);
• the engines worked in all weather conditions without problems, received a lot of positive feedback from experts;
• some export cars have become popular in highly civilized countries around the world.

At the time of development of each of the VAZ cars in the range of 2101 - 2106, the transport was simply amazingly good. Even today, after 40 years from the release of some models, you can find cars in the secondary market with engines that will never bend the valve, and the power unit is not afraid of other problems. These are the features of the old VAZ developments.

VAZ 2107 engines with timing chain

Most of the VAZ 2107 power units, including all the latest engine modifications, had special timing chains, which serve quite adequately and do not fail for years. You can drive about 200-250 thousand kilometers on one circuit, then replace it simply because the motorist's conscience began to remind of maintenance.

It is important to remember that if the chain starts to give out some unpleasant sounds, it should be changed at that very moment. But even if the chain breaks, most modifications of the VAZ 2107 engine will not cause the valves to bend. Therefore, the owner of this car can be completely calm about the safety of the engine of his car.

VAZ 2108 and VAZ 2109 - a whole era in Russian cars

Hatchbacks, which were popularly called "Chisels", gained fame as reliable and durable cars, they were produced until our time, they were assembled in Ukraine for several years, but have completely lost the relevance of their appearance and technology. Today you can buy on the secondary market an excellent version of the "Nine" of a completely fresh year of release in perfect condition. The engine in this car has the following features:

• there were in the history of the model a power unit for 1.1, 1.3 and 1.5 liters with a carburetor, as well as a 1.5-liter injection unit;
• all engines were protected from the influence of the timing belt rupture, the valves in the power unit did not bend;
• the car had quite adequate engine reliability - this unit was the last one to break in the car;
• all competitors presented at one time were scattered with advanced design, excellent comfort and other benefits.

At the very beginning of their production, VAZ 2109 and 2108 cars were a real revolution in the domestic automotive industry. Buyers of such cars have become real lucky people in the eyes of acquaintances and friends, exactly the same as buyers of the latest Mercedes models today. And there were certain logical reasons for this, such as the incredible reliability of the main nodes.

VAZ 2110 - "Tenth" family and new problems

"Dozens" in the VAZ model line appeared a long time ago, but they gained popularity in 1998. Ten years later, they were taken out of production, giving way to novelties of domestic development. Today "Ten" is considered to be quite adequate transport with certain problems in assembly. On these models, the engines were installed different and they had different characteristics:

• The 1.5-liter 8-valve simple powertrain did not bent the valve, but showed only 72 horses of power;
• a modified 1.5-liter engine with 16 valves began to actively bend these same valves;
• a more modern 1.6-liter power unit in an 8-valve version of the valve should have spared, but it did not;
• you will also not wait for a cheap repair after a timing belt break on the most powerful 1.6-liter 16-valve engine VAZ 2110.

The entire family of "Tenth" models was quite high quality and reliable, but the further the plant tried to keep up with the power, modernity and relevance, the more trouble the car got. The most durable and high-quality engine was 1.5 with 8 valves and 72 horses, but the latest models with powerful 16-valve units received only problems, judging by the reviews of car owners.

The modern era of VAZ engines - the main problems

For Lada Kalina, the lineup of power units was slightly modified. This car became the first in the family of a new generation of VAZ, received all engines that bend the valves when the timing belt breaks. Lada Granta also received three types of power units that actively bend the valve. All budget VAZ power units in a modern version of the valve are bent. Priora and Largus offer the following types of engines:

• the base Priora engine is a 98-horsepower power unit, the only one that spares the valves in the modern VAZ model line;
• the second power unit has the same design, but 106 horses, and these extra 8 horses will cause the valves to bend;
• 1.6-liter 8-valve engine of French origin on the Largus does not bend the valve;
• but his twin brother with 16 valves actively bends them when the timing belt breaks and mercilessly turns the upper part of the unit.

These are the contradictory and unusual characteristics in modern cars of the VAZ concern. But do not forget about one more important company representatives. The Lada 4x4 car offers a good 1.7-liter power unit with 8 valves, which has protection against kinking of these same valves. The unit, though not too powerful, is quite reliable. We offer you to watch a small overview of VAZ engines with recommendations for their operation:

Summing up

VAZ cars can hardly claim the title of optimal and best solutions even in their price range. But today, Granta or Kalina are often the only possible purchase for a Russian family. The sharp increase in prices for other new cars is responding to the need to buy specifically domestic developments. It should be noted that AvtoVAZ is carrying out colossal work on updating its equipment, but even such work has not yet yielded the desired results.

In modern VAZ lines there is only one own engine that does not bend the valve. This is a 98-horsepower unit on the Priora. However, everything here is arranged in such a way that you may not be lucky, so 16 valves will have to be changed after the belt breaks. In other engines, valves and other parts will have to be changed unambiguously after a belt break. It is much cheaper to monitor the condition of the roller and belts by replacing all these parts in a timely manner.