Everyone knows that a car engine does not run on pure gasoline, but on a mixture of gasoline and air, the so-called air-fuel mixture. It is calculated that for the complete combustion of one kilogram of gasoline, fifteen kilograms of air are needed, that is, the optimal composition of the fuel mixture is approximately 15/1 - one kilogram of gasoline for 15 air. At the same time, the power and economic indicators of the engine will be normal (balanced).
The reduction in the proportion of air causes the fuel mixture to richer. Allowable, within the proportion - 13/1. Such a mixture is called rich and is necessary for the engine to operate at full load in order to fully unleash its power potential.
Reducing the proportion of air to less than 13 kg per 1 kg of gasoline leads to the formation of a rich fuel mixture. A rich fuel mixture, in contrast to a rich one, leads to a decrease in engine power and throttle response, since gasoline does not completely burn out due to a lack of oxygen.
With a ratio of 5/1, the fuel mixture is considered over-enriched, and the engine generally refuses to work on it, gasoline simply does not ignite.
For the correct mixture formation specifically for each operating mode of the engine, either the carburetor or the engine control system (ECM) is responsible.
We will be interested in a rich fuel mixture, since the engine runs on it, but its work in this case leaves much to be desired and something urgently needs to be done about it.
Consider the signs and reasons for the formation of a rich fuel mixture on carburetor engines of VAZ cars.
Signs of a rich fuel mixture
- Black carbon deposits on spark plug electrodes
- Black smoke from the muffler
- Cold engine starts easier than hot engine
- High fuel consumption
- Decrease in engine power and throttle response
The main reasons for the formation of a rich mixture
Carburetor or fuel system malfunctions:
- GDS air jets are clogged;
- fuel and (or) air jets of the GDS, according to their calibration data, do not correspond to the standard for this engine;
- high fuel level in the carburetor float chamber;
- the economizer of power modes is faulty;
- the EPHH system is faulty;
- pumps over the fuel pump.
Other malfunctions with similar symptoms
Ignition system malfunctions
- too early ignition timing;
- one or more spark plugs are faulty;
- defective armored wires, slider, distributor cover;
- the centrifugal ignition timing regulator is faulty;
- the ignition coil is faulty;
- too small a gap between the contacts of the breaker (for a contact ignition system).
Engine malfunction
- the valve timing is knocked down (the timing belt jumped);
- the elements of the cylinder-piston group are worn out;
- too large clearances in the valve drive.
Notes and additions
Modern cars are set in motion It is characterized by a certain scheme of work. A fuel-air mixture burns inside the chamber of this system. This means that by refueling the car with gasoline or diesel, the driver provides only one necessary element for the movement of the vehicle.
The fuel mixes with air. gasoline or diesel. The fuel vaporizes in front of the valves. In the cylinders, a mixture of fuel and air is burned by an electric spark. If it is issued, it means that the system has detected a deviation. It is a rich blend. But you can also independently see the malfunctions of the engine caused by such a problem. How to fix it, every car owner should know.
General concept
Delving into the concept of what is too rich mixture (WHA, Skoda, BMW, Chevrolet, etc.), a few words should be said about the fuel itself. It consists of gasoline (diesel) and air correlated in a certain proportion. Liquid fuel is supplied to the engine cylinders. This ratio largely depends on its quantity.
A rich mixture is a mixture in which there is more gasoline and less air than the norm. Since there is not enough oxygen inside the combustion chamber, the engine operation loses power. Because of this, gasoline burns out already in the muffler. Some auto mechanics call this state of fuel high in calories.
These violations are reflected in the external. They appear a characteristic black carbon deposit, soot. There may be several reasons for this state of the engine system. They must be found and eliminated.
When the mixture gets rich
Mixing deviations appear as a result of certain malfunctions of the vehicle systems. The injector is responsible for the process of creating fuel. He prepares mixtures with a certain percentage of oxygen. It is this ability of the presented engine element that enables the engine to operate in different modes.
If necessary, the driver can, thanks to such a device, increase the speed, cope with the rise, go to overtake, etc.
Determined by a mathematical formula. A ratio of 14.7 kg of oxygen per 1 kg of liquid fuel is considered normal. If, for some reason, the amount of oxygen in this formula increases, such a composition is called poor. If the indicator of the amount of fuel rises in the mixture, the mixture acquires the status of rich.
The car owner can independently adjust the level of oxygen supply to the fuel mixture. Errors made in this process lead to breakdowns and improper operation of the vehicle.
Signs of deviation
Rich mixture - VAZ, UAZ, BMW, Audi and other existing car brands - can be manifested by a wide range of deviations in the operation of the car. If such violations occur, it is urgent to find out the cause of this engine condition.
In vehicles in which the autoscanner is installed, when the presented deviations occur, the indicator with the corresponding error code (P0172) lights up. The muffler may then emit loud bangs. This is due to the afterburning of air in the exhaust pipe. This is one of the first signs of violations.
In this case, you can notice the appearance in the exhaust gases of black, gray shades. This is also due to an inappropriate way of burning out the fuel. The exhaust does not undergo any cleaning. The pipe contains a large amount of atmospheric oxygen. Therefore, the exhaust gas takes on a characteristic dirty tint.
Driving a car
Too rich mixture manifests itself also when driving a vehicle. Almost any driver will immediately notice this. The car becomes less dynamic. Engine power drops sharply. Since the combustion process in the motor chamber is slower, the mechanism is not able to operate at full strength.
In some cases, the car may not even run. But this is with very serious deviations in the ratio of fuel and air in the combustion chamber.
When driving a car, the owner may notice that the fuel consumption has increased. It is also a common symptom of engine malfunction due to rich mixture operation. This violation is simply explained. The engine does not operate efficiently under these conditions. The fuel mixture is not being consumed correctly. To prevent a low combustion rate, the engine starts injecting more liquid fuel into the chamber.
Main reasons
There are several main reasons for deviations in the air to gasoline ratio. The most basic of them can be deviations in the engine control system, as well as malfunctions of the air damper drive. An injector malfunction can also explain why it is detected rich mixture. Carburetor can also cause deviations if incorrectly set up. Clogging of the air filter is considered another factor in the formation of a rich mixture.
Often the cause of violations in the fuel system is the wrong actions of the car owner. In order to reduce gasoline consumption or increase engine power, the driver may incorrectly adjust the system. As a result, he gets problems with the engine and the need for extraordinary maintenance or even repair.
Fuel supply deviations
Since the process of forming a combustible mixture consists of two main components (gasoline and air), violations are possible from the supply side of each of them. Excess fuel is detected much less often than lack of air. But the typical fuel supply disturbances should be considered in more detail.
A mixture too rich, caused by the fuel system, can be caused by high line pressure. This deviation is caused by a malfunction of the fuel pump or regulation system. To check this version, a special fuel pressure gauge is used.
Deviations in the composition of the mixture can be caused by the adsorber. A large amount of gasoline is admitted through it due to a malfunction of the vapor recovery system.
May also be malfunctioning when closed, may be unable to hold fuel. This causes it to enter the chamber even with closed nozzles.
Air supply problems
Rich Blend Error, which is determined by the vehicle diagnostic system, is much more often caused by insufficient oxygen supply to the combustion chamber. There are several reasons for this violation.
First of all, the air filter can be elementarily dirty. For some reason (difficult operating conditions, driving on muddy roads), this element of the oxygen purification system may become unusable even earlier than the period specified by the manufacturer. Therefore, it is necessary to visually evaluate the cleaner. If it is dirty, covered with oil, it must be replaced urgently. Otherwise, the motor will quickly fail.
In some cases, the cause of an inadequate supply of air to the combustion chamber may be a breakdown of its flow sensor. This will help identify the reading system of the scanner. Sometimes a malfunction of the air pressure sensor in the manifold system is determined.
Automatic diagnostic system
If the vehicle diagnostic system shows that there is error "Too rich mixture", certain actions need to be taken. To do this, you need to understand the principles of the scanner.
Air is supplied to the fuel when diagnosing the MAP sensor and the lambda probe. Maybe it is caused by deviations of these particular systems. However, in addition to them, problems may be associated with deviations in thermal gaps (engine with LPG), with mechanical damage to sealing materials, insufficient compression or deviation during timing.
To understand why the automatic diagnostics indicate this error, the car owner can take several steps. First of all, it is required to analyze the information provided by the scanner. Further, you can artificially simulate the conditions for the occurrence of such a malfunction.
The next step can be to check the components and mechanisms, for example, contacts, the absence of suction, as well as the operability of systems associated with the supply of fuel and oxygen to the combustion chamber.
Eliminating a system error
If the diagnostic system indicates that the vehicle is using a rich mixture, a number of actions must be taken. The faulty unit is found in a sequential check of each system. For this, the JOT, MAF sensors, as well as the lambda probe are checked with a multimeter.
If no deviations are found in these systems, you need to pay attention to the candles, coils and wires. Next, the fuel pressure is measured using a pressure gauge, and the ignition marks are also checked.
Then check the seals and connections at the air inlet as well as the exhaust manifold. There should be no suction. After carrying out all the manipulations and eliminating the malfunction, the fuel supply adjustments are reset. In this case, long-term programs with respect to this setting return to their original value.
If the fuel tank is preparing too rich mixture, the first thing that experienced auto mechanics recommend to do is to reset the additional settings of the injector operation. If the owner made his own adjustments to the fuel control system, he could make serious mistakes. A rich fuel mixture will lead to inevitable engine damage very soon.
If the cause of the deviations is related to the nozzle system, this can be determined visually. With such a malfunction, traces of fuel combustion appear on the outside of the injector.
Smoke and soot can also be found on one side of the copper O-ring. Such deviations are caused by incorrect installation of the injector. If the O-ring is not in place, such malfunctions are also possible.
Rare breakdowns
Experts say that 90% of all errors “are related to injector adjustment. It is not difficult to eliminate it. The main thing is to pay attention to the malfunctioning of the car engine in time.
The most rare, exotic faults are considered to be the engine control unit, as well as the poor condition of the contacts. Sometimes there are cases of poisoning of the oxygen sensor. An experienced specialist is able to identify such deviations. In this case, not every car owner can solve the problem on his own.
By looking at what a rich mixture is, you can understand the dangers of such a situation. In the event of unforeseen situations, it is better to contact the service center. At the service points there is a necessary tool with which you can make a diagnosis. This will save the car's engine.
Reading 6 min.
A rich mix of reasons for the injector. A rich mixture is a fuel mixture prepared with an excess amount of gasoline in the engine cylinders (injector). The reasons for the formation of a rich mixture are numerous and can be triggered by improper vehicle operation, as well as technical malfunctions of engine systems.
As you know, modern cars are equipped with internal combustion engines (ICE). This means that it is not gasoline or diesel that burns in the engine cylinders, but the fuel-air mixture. It happens in the following way. Fuel injectors spray fuel, which evaporates in front of the inlet valves in the form of a finely dispersed suspension. And already in the cylinders, the combustion of these vapors, mixed with air from an electric spark, occurs.
Thus, the fuel-air mixture (FA) is a derivative of liquid fuel and fine air with the inclusion of a vapor phase in a small amount.
Rich TVS: concepts
Thus, the composition of the fuel mixture is determined by the ratio of air to fuel. This ratio depends on the volume of liquid fuel supplied to the cylinders. When acceleration occurs, an intense saturation of the liquid fuel with air mass occurs. When this ratio is violated, the fuel-air mixture is rich or poor.
The preparation of the fuel-air mixture is the process for which the vehicle injector is responsible. The injection system prepares mixtures with different oxygen contents, and this is what provides a variety of operating modes of the internal combustion engine. It is the composition of the fuel mixture that allows the car to sharply increase speed during overtaking or to overcome the rise.
A rich mixture is a mixture that contains less air than is required and more gasoline than is required. The burning rate of the rich mixture is reduced, and therefore its afterburning occurs already in the muffler. Sometimes such a mixture is symbolically called high-calorie.
There is a mathematical formula that determines at what ratio of atmospheric air to fuel, the fuel mixture will be normal, rich or poor. The normal ratio is considered to be a mixture of 14.7 kg of air and 1 kg of liquid fuel. If the ratio is increased to 14: 1 in favor of the air mixture, the fuel mixture will be lean. Conversely, when the ratio is 14: 1 in favor of liquid fuel, the mixture will be rich.
Artificial forcing of engine power is provided by such an adjustment of the fuel supply when the amount of oxygen supplied is increased. The desire of the car owner to save on fuel consumption is achieved by supplying more atmospheric air.
Poor TVS: concepts
- these are fuel assemblies with a reduced gasoline content and an increased air content.
The error code assigned to this error by the on-board computer is P0171. Literally, this code stands for very poor fuel supply. Sometimes a poor fuel assembly is called low-calorie.
A poor fuel mixture betrays itself by such signs: very poor traction, especially noticeable on steep climbs, engine overheating, the injector makes popping sounds, white or gray smoke is pouring out of the exhaust pipe.
Reasons for preparing poor fuel assemblies: malfunction of the fuel pump, use of gasoline with water or other impurities, malfunction of the fuel sensor, malfunction of vacuum hoses or intake manifold, injectors supply too little gasoline, malfunction of the pressure sensor.
Signs of Rich Blend Formation
The formation of a rich fuel mixture occurs with a chic set of manifestations.
- The first and most important symptom: the malfunction indicator, issued by the car's on-board computer, comes on. Error code: P0172.
- The vehicle muffler makes loud popping sounds. This happens due to a lack of air in the engine cylinders and, as a result, the afterburning of air already in the exhaust pipe.
- Exhaust gases are black or gray. It occurs due to the fact that the fuel assembly burns not in the engine, but in the exhaust pipe, the exhaust gas does not undergo any cleaning with filters, and when it burns in the pipe, the amount of atmospheric air increases sharply.
- The car is less dynamic, less powerful. It is explained by the slow rate of combustion of the fuel mixture. As a result of the slow combustion of fuel, power dips occur. With an over-enriched mixture, it is even possible that the car simply will not budge.
- Fuel consumption has increased dramatically. It is explained by the inefficiency of the fuel mixture consumption: the low combustion rate is trying to cover with the additional injection of liquid fuel.
Reasons for the formation of a rich mixture
The formation of a rich fuel-air mixture occurs in the following cases:
- Reasons directly related to incorrect operation and incorrect tuning of vehicle systems:
- as a result of improper adjustment of the fuel system in order to reduce fuel consumption;
- as a result of improper adjustment of the fuel system in order to increase power.
- Related to malfunctioning engine systems:
- the injectors supply too much fuel;
- dirty air filter;
- the air damper gapes;
- malfunction of the fuel pressure regulator;
- malfunction of the air flow sensor, malfunction of the gasoline vapor recovery system, incorrect operation of the economizer.
First aid to a car with an error P0172
The first thing that should be eliminated in the event that the injector is preparing a rich mixture is to abandon all sorts of additional settings for the volume of supplied air or fuel. The fuel system may have been adjusted on the vehicle. If this is the case, these adjustments must be canceled, since prolonged operation of the engine on a rich mixture can lead to piston breakage and spark plug failure.
The second common reason for the formation of a rich mixture is incorrect fuel delivery by the injectors. It is possible to suspect injectors if there are traces of fuel assembly combustion on the outside of the injector. Traces of fuel assembly combustion can also be found on one side of the copper O-ring. If such signs are found, it is necessary to check whether the injector is correctly installed, whether the O-ring is in place.
The third undeservedly ignored reason is the clogging of the air filter. If the filter is heavily clogged, there is an increase in pressure in the cylinders, and as a result, the wrong preparation of fuel assemblies.
The fourth reason for making a rich fuel assembly is incomplete closing of the air damper / valve. In this case, the pressure in the cylinders is reduced and this, again, leads to errors in the preparation of fuel assemblies and disruption of the functioning of the internal combustion engine systems: the injectors begin to pour more fuel, increasing the consumption and reducing the power.
If the fuel pressure regulator does not fully function by itself, then the errors here are the same as in the previous two cases: increased or decreased pressure in the cylinders.
The sixth group of reasons is not so common. Problems with the air flow sensor, the vapor recovery system, or problems with the economizer are often the result. However, if all the previous causes are eliminated, and the problem persists, you should check this group of causes. If the problem is really in them, then it will be solved by an elementary replacement of these parts.
The preparation of rich fuel assemblies is a very common problem, and therefore it is perfectly familiar to mechanics in car services and locksmiths. The problem of preparing bad fuel assemblies is usually eliminated quickly, literally by one or two and for little money (depending on the level of the service center and the car model).
It should be noted that 90% of errors are solved by simple adjustment of liquid fuel injection. The main thing here is to fix the problem in time, until the injector breaks down and other problems arise: for example, pistons may become unusable, candles burn out, etc.
If the on-board computer of your car displays error P0172, it means that due to a malfunction in the injector, the so-called rich air-fuel mixture is entering the engine.
What is a lean mixture and what are its main causes, we have already examined on our auto portal Vodi.su. This material will be devoted to rich fuel assemblies.
Rich FA: concept, main symptoms
A finely dispersed mixture of gasoline mixed with air is injected into the combustion chambers of the pistons from the injector nozzles. Gasoline detonates and pushes the pistons downward to move in a four-stroke pattern. Air provides the required temperature level for the most complete fuel burnout.
The ideal ratio for most engines is 14.7 parts air to 1 part gasoline.
Sometimes the electronic unit itself sends commands to the actuators so that these parameters change up or down, for example, when you need to squeeze out more power or, conversely, you need to save fuel in city traffic jams.
As you might guess, a rich fuel assembly is characterized by the fact that the volume of air is less than required.
This leads to the following:
- due to lack of air, the fuel does not burn out completely, therefore, detonation in the muffler is possible, with its subsequent deformation (if the catalyst becomes unusable, you will have to spend a lot of money to replace it);
- an oily sludge forms on the exhaust pipe due to settled particles of unburned fuel, black smoke comes out of the pipe;
- The fuel assembly burns out more slowly than it should be, so the car becomes less dynamic, failures are felt at low and high speeds.
Well, the most noticeable problem is a sharp increase in fuel consumption per hundred kilometers. How to calculate the fuel consumption of a car, we have already told on Vodi.su. At the same time, the consumption of engine oil increases, and more slag is formed in the cylinders and on the piston walls.
The main reasons for the formation of a rich fuel assembly
There can be many reasons. We list only the most frequent ones.
Clogged air filter. The air supply system requires timely cleaning. Its main element is an air filter. Over time, it becomes clogged with dust and other small particles. They are a serious problem for the engine, especially if hard sand particles get inside.
Depending on the car manufacturer, the air filter should be changed every 10,000-30,000 km. It is recommended to change it together with the oil filter. They are not expensive, and for replacement you will not be charged a lot of money at the service station.
The second common reason is that the fuel pump is creating too high pressure in the fuel system. Or the fuel pressure regulator in the line is not working correctly. You can make sure that this is the reason, you can use a fuel pressure gauge. You may have to reprogram the electronic control unit and replace the sensor. In any case, only a specialist can cope with this breakdown on his own.
Defective injectors. We already wrote that an injector is a small valve that can regulate the volume of the mixture. If there are problems with the injector, the injector does not hold the fuel and does not dose it, but simply injects it into the combustion chamber. You can eliminate the malfunction after checking the injectors on a special stand.
Air pressure sensor. Air flow sensor. These sensors are located in the air line and over time begin to work incorrectly, they send incorrect data to the control unit, which is why a signal is given to reduce the air intake. Again, this issue can be solved only by replacing the sensor data.
In some cases, the problem with a rich fuel-air mixture can be solved by simply adjusting the injector or throttle valve. The main thing is timely diagnosis of the problem, otherwise you will face quite serious costs for replacing spark plugs, a burnt-out muffler. Also, one day the motor can simply jam.
True, there are other problems, for example, resetting the control unit settings, due to which all systems begin to function with errors, and the Check Engine lights up on the computer.
Timely diagnostics is the way to long-term service of your car without serious breakdowns.
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Too rich mixture: causes and remedies from the pros
Modern cars are powered by an internal combustion engine (ICE). It is characterized by a certain scheme of work. A fuel-air mixture burns inside the chamber of this system. This means that by refueling the car with gasoline or diesel, the driver provides only one necessary element for the movement of the vehicle.
The fuel mixes with air. The nozzles spray gasoline or diesel. The fuel vaporizes in front of the valves. In the cylinders, a mixture of fuel and air is burned by an electric spark. If the vehicle scanner issued an error p0172, this means that the system has detected a deviation. It is a rich blend. But you can also independently see the malfunctions of the engine caused by such a problem. How to fix it, every car owner should know.
General concept
Going into the concept of what is too rich a mixture (VAZ, Skoda, BMW, Chevrolet, etc.), a few words should be said about the fuel itself. It consists of gasoline (diesel) and air correlated in a certain proportion. Liquid fuel is supplied to the engine cylinders. This ratio largely depends on its quantity.
A rich mixture is a mixture in which there is more gasoline and less air than the norm. Since there is not enough oxygen inside the combustion chamber, the engine operation loses power. Because of this, gasoline burns out already in the muffler. Some auto mechanics call this state of fuel high in calories.
These violations are reflected in the appearance of the spark plugs. Typical black carbon deposits and soot appear on them. There may be several reasons for this state of the engine system. They must be found and eliminated.
When the mixture gets rich
Mixing deviations appear as a result of certain malfunctions of the vehicle systems. The injector is responsible for the process of creating fuel. He prepares mixtures with a certain percentage of oxygen. It is this ability of the presented engine element that enables the engine to operate in different modes.
If necessary, the driver can, thanks to such a device, increase the speed, cope with the rise, go to overtake, etc.
The rich mixture on the injector is determined by a mathematical formula. A ratio of 14.7 kg of oxygen per 1 kg of liquid fuel is considered normal. If, for some reason, the amount of oxygen in this formula increases, such a composition is called poor. If the indicator of the amount of fuel rises in the mixture, the mixture acquires the status of rich.
The car owner can independently adjust the level of oxygen supply to the fuel mixture. Errors made in this process lead to breakdowns and improper operation of the vehicle.
Signs of deviation
A rich mixture - VAZ, UAZ, BMW, Audi and other existing car brands - can manifest itself in a wide range of deviations in the operation of the car. If such violations occur, it is urgent to find out the cause of this engine condition.
In vehicles in which the autoscanner is installed, when the presented deviations occur, the indicator with the corresponding error code (P0172) lights up. The muffler may then emit loud bangs. This is due to the afterburning of air in the exhaust pipe. This is one of the first signs of violations. 
In this case, you can notice the appearance in the exhaust gases of black, gray shades. This is also due to an inappropriate way of burning out the fuel. The exhaust does not undergo any cleaning. The pipe contains a large amount of atmospheric oxygen. Therefore, the exhaust gas takes on a characteristic dirty tint.
Driving a car
Too rich mixture also appears when driving. Almost any driver will immediately notice this. The car becomes less dynamic. Engine power drops sharply. Since the combustion process in the motor chamber is slower, the mechanism is not able to operate at full strength. 
In some cases, the car may not even run. But this is with very serious deviations in the ratio of fuel and air in the combustion chamber.
When driving a car, the owner may notice that the fuel consumption has increased. It is also a common symptom of engine malfunction due to rich mixture operation. This violation is simply explained. The engine does not operate efficiently under these conditions. The fuel mixture is not being consumed correctly. To prevent a low combustion rate, the engine starts injecting more liquid fuel into the chamber.
Main reasons
There are several main reasons for deviations in the air to gasoline ratio. The most basic of them can be deviations in the engine control system, as well as malfunctions of the air damper drive. A malfunctioning injector can also explain why a rich mixture is detected. The carburetor, if incorrectly adjusted, can also cause deviations. Clogging of the air filter is considered another factor in the formation of a rich mixture. 
Often the cause of violations in the fuel system is the wrong actions of the car owner. In order to reduce gasoline consumption or increase engine power, the driver may incorrectly adjust the system. As a result, he gets problems with the engine and the need for extraordinary maintenance or even repair.
Fuel supply deviations
Since the process of forming a combustible mixture consists of two main components (gasoline and air), violations are possible from the supply side of each of them. Excess fuel is detected much less often than lack of air. But the typical fuel supply disturbances should be considered in more detail.
A mixture too rich, caused by the fuel system, can be caused by high line pressure. This deviation is caused by a malfunction of the fuel pump or regulation system. To check this version, a special fuel pressure gauge is used.
Deviations in the composition of the mixture can be caused by the adsorber. A large amount of gasoline is admitted through it due to a malfunction of the vapor recovery system.
There may also be faulty injectors. The injector may be unable to hold fuel when closed. This causes it to enter the chamber even with closed nozzles.
Air supply problems
The error "Rich mixture", which is determined by the vehicle diagnostic system, is much more often caused by an insufficient supply of oxygen to the combustion chamber. There are several reasons for this violation.
First of all, the air filter can be elementarily dirty. For some reason (difficult operating conditions, driving on muddy roads), this element of the oxygen purification system may become unusable even earlier than the period specified by the manufacturer. Therefore, it is necessary to visually evaluate the cleaner. If it is dirty, covered with oil, it must be replaced urgently. Otherwise, the motor will quickly fail.
In some cases, the cause of an inadequate supply of air to the combustion chamber may be a breakdown of its flow sensor. This will help identify the reading system of the scanner. Sometimes a malfunction of the air pressure sensor in the manifold system is determined.
Automatic diagnostic system
If the vehicle's diagnostic system indicates that a mixture too rich error has occurred, certain actions must be taken. To do this, you need to understand the principles of the scanner.
Air is supplied to the fuel when diagnosing the MAP sensor and the lambda probe. Maybe the P0172 code is due to deviations from these particular systems. However, in addition to them, problems may be associated with deviations in thermal gaps (engine with LPG), with mechanical damage to sealing materials, insufficient compression or deviation during timing.
To understand why the automatic diagnostics indicate this error, the car owner can take several steps. First of all, it is required to analyze the information provided by the scanner. Further, you can artificially simulate the conditions for the occurrence of such a malfunction.
The next step can be to check the components and mechanisms, for example, contacts, the absence of suction, as well as the operability of systems associated with the supply of fuel and oxygen to the combustion chamber.
Eliminating a system error
If the diagnostic system indicates that the vehicle is using a rich mixture, a number of actions must be taken. The faulty unit is found in a sequential check of each system. For this, the JOT, MAF sensors, as well as the lambda probe are checked with a multimeter.
If no deviations are found in these systems, you need to pay attention to the candles, coils and wires. Next, the fuel pressure is measured using a pressure gauge, and the ignition marks are also checked.
Then check the seals and connections at the air inlet as well as the exhaust manifold. There should be no suction. After carrying out all the manipulations and eliminating the malfunction, the fuel supply adjustments are reset. In this case, long-term programs with respect to this setting return to their original value.
If the mixture is too rich in the fuel tank, the first thing experienced auto mechanics recommend is to reset the advanced injector settings. If the owner made his own adjustments to the fuel control system, he could make serious mistakes. A rich fuel mixture will lead to inevitable engine damage very soon.
If the cause of the deviations is related to the nozzle system, this can be determined visually. With such a malfunction, traces of fuel combustion appear on the outside of the injector.
Smoke and soot can also be found on one side of the copper O-ring. Such deviations are caused by incorrect installation of the injector. If the O-ring is not in place, such malfunctions are also possible.
Rare breakdowns
Experts say that 90% of all Rich Mix errors are related to injector adjustments. It is not difficult to eliminate it. The main thing is to pay attention to the malfunctioning of the car engine in time.
The most rare, exotic faults are considered to be the engine control unit, as well as the poor condition of the contacts. Sometimes there are cases of poisoning of the oxygen sensor. An experienced specialist is able to identify such deviations. In this case, not every car owner can solve the problem on his own.
By looking at what a rich mixture is, you can understand the dangers of such a situation. In the event of unforeseen situations, it is better to contact the service center. At the service points there is a necessary tool with which you can make a diagnosis. This will save the car's engine.
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Rich Blend Reasons
Often from the diagnostician, you can hear "you have a rich mixture." For an unprepared car enthusiast, it sounds mysterious and disturbing. Let's see what a "rich mixture on an injection engine" is and how bad it is.
What should be the fuel-air mixture
Under ideal engine operating conditions, the amount of air should be 14.7 times the amount of fuel. That is, there are 14.7 "drops" of air per drop of fuel. This ratio is called stoichiometric and the most useful in terms of engine efficiency.
A rich mixture is a violation of the "golden" rule. Within certain limits, a small enrichment can give an increase in power, but everything has a limit beyond which a malfunction occurs.
How to tell if a mixture is rich
Several characteristic features:
Reasons for a rich mixture on the injector
- Injectors or O-rings defective;
- The air filter is heavily clogged;
- Excessive pressure in the fuel line;
- Faulty or dirty mass flow or air pressure sensor (DFID-MAF-MAP sensor);
- Incorrect operation of the adsorber valve;
- Malfunction of the sensor for the amount of oxygen in the exhaust gases (lambda probe, oxygen sensor). When it fails, the lambda probe "sticks" in one of the positions and gives incorrect readings instead of actual information. The control unit is forced to rebuild the fuel supply, bringing the mixture ratio out of the norm.
How to get the mixture back to normal
If the problem is similar to those described above, you should contact a competent diagnostician. Sometimes the cause of the rich mixture can be eliminated by adjusting the throttle valve or injector. In other cases, replacement of the "flying" sensors is required. Therefore, you need a specialist who has the knowledge, experience and equipment to carry out a comprehensive diagnosis.
Chip tuning can save you from problems with the oxygen sensor (lambda) - this is one of its functions. When choosing this solution, the reprogramming of the control unit (ECU) should be trusted by professionals.
Make chip tuning from ADACT partners
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Too rich and over-enriched mixture on the VAZ-2114, what should I do?
In modern cars, and the VAZ-2114 can be called relatively modern for another two or three years, engines with an injection power supply system are installed. A fairly simple injection scheme is also implemented on the VAZ-2114. Nevertheless, it can also confuse the owner. The injector power supply system practically does not require adjustment, it can relax in terms of maintenance and operation, but until the time the error P0172 is displayed on the on-board computer display.
What is a rich mix and error P0172
Too rich mixture on the VAZ-2114 can turn out for several reasons, but the main, most characteristic sign of such a failure will be the P0172 error message. Of course, the error can be ignored and discarded. However, it is more difficult to discount the whole bunch of symptoms of unstable and incorrect engine operation.
Error P0172 on the on-board computer screen
To begin with, it is worth knowing that a re-enriched mixture is a state of a fuel-air mixture, when the amount of fuel significantly exceeds the permissible norm and prevails in a proportional relation over the amount of air.
Error P0172, what to do?
Consider if the software settings have changed. It is quite possible that after a "light chip tuning" with a fuel systems engineer known to the whole cooperative, flashing the controller, the engine can work correctly for some time. However, there is a high probability that the operating ratings of the sensors are incompatible with the new settings. Therefore, the fuel supply will be carried out incorrectly.
It is also possible that the injection system malfunctions after replacing the oxygen sensor, or any of the sensors that are related to the engine power system.
If the malfunction occurred "by itself", and all the problems listed above do not concern this motor, it is necessary to carry out high-quality computer diagnostics of the engine.
Air in the fuel mixture
Fuel mixture composition diagram
A medium engine requires approximately 15 kg of air and one kg of gasoline for normal operation. If this proportion is shifted towards air, then the mixture is considered poor, if, on the contrary, it is rich.
Of course, in different operating modes, the proportions of air and fuel can be different and they must be fully controlled by the electronics using several sensors. Thus, with a lean mixture, the fuel consumption will be slightly lower than the rated one, but the engine characteristics will not correspond to the nominal ones either.
With an over-enriched mixture, fuel consumption can increase significantly, and in addition, there are several more dangerous moments.
Signs of a too rich mixture on the VAZ-2114
If the engine behaves incorrectly, consumes more fuel than it should, then there can be many reasons for this. However, the first signal indicating that the rich mixture in the power system will be the error message P0172.
The appearance of the spark plug with a re-enriched mixture
In addition, there are a number of symptoms that are immediately noticeable:
When and how a too rich mixture appears
Despite the fact that we now blame gasoline for too much of it, in fact, more often than not, it turns out that the proportion of the mixture is knocked down precisely because of the less amount of air.
The first thing to do, and the easiest thing to do, is to check the condition of the air filter. It can be corny clogged, so the required amount of air ceased to enter the combustion chamber.
If the filter is known to be clean, then there may be several reasons:
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A Rich Blend, Causes and Effects
Often, when the "check engine" lamp comes on, the diagnostics give the error p0172. This means only one thing - the mixture is too rich in the engine of your car. But why is she rich? There may already be several answers here, let's try to figure out the main reasons for the rich mixture.
So the problem arose out of the blue? The scanner showed an error, they say, too rich mixture, guy. And the diagnostician took the money and said look further yourself, I made the diagnosis
In addition to the scanner, you can be told about the presence of a re-enriched mixture in the engine of your car when measuring CO and CH during the inspection. In general, no matter how you found out that there is such a mixture in the engine, for troubleshooting you must understand what the very concept of this mixture means.
When there is too much gasoline and little air in the fuel-air mixture, this mixture is called rich.
The easiest thing to look for is in the fuel supply system (a lot of fuel), or in the air supply system to the combustion chamber (little air). Don't forget to check the battery first.
Reasons related to the fuel system:
- Too high pressure in the fuel line. And there may be a few more sub-points. Large pressure may be due to a malfunction of the fuel pump. Or maybe due to a malfunction of the fuel pressure regulator. There is a special fuel pressure gauge that checks the fuel pressure.
- The adsorber is not working properly. That is, the vapor recovery system is defective. In this case, too much fuel flow to the inlet through the adsorber is possible, that's the reason for the rich mixture.
- Defective injectors. It is checked at the stand for cleaning the fuel system. That is, the injectors (nozzles) simply do not keep the fuel closed, and this is already a reason for it to enter the cylinders even with the nozzle closed.
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The P0172 code is one of the most common electronic vehicle owners. It is often found on cars of the AvtoVAZ plant, as well as on foreign cars - Mercedes, Mazda, Toyota and others. The P0172 code indicates to the driver that too rich a mixture is being supplied to the combustion chambers, causing the engine to malfunction and increasing fuel consumption.
Table of contents:How the P0172 code manifests itself
The air-fuel mixture can be over-enriched for several reasons, depending on which the behavior of the car will change. So, with a P0172 error, the machine may behave as follows:
- A cold engine will "choke" until it warms up completely;
- The engine will "choke" in a cold and warm state at idle speed, while the speed will "float";
- Fuel consumption will increase;
- The car will become less agile.
The symptoms of the P0172 code can appear together or separately.
Under what conditions does the P0172 code occur?
In order for the electronic control unit to diagnose the P0172 error and transmit information about it to the driver, it must receive information from a number of sensors. The conditions for displaying a message about re-enrichment of the air-fuel mixture are as follows:
Why is the P0172 code too rich?
To understand the causes of the P0172 error, you need to understand the process of the formation of the air-fuel mixture and its combustion. After analyzing it, we can conclude that the rich mixture can be due to the supply of too much fuel or due to insufficient air supply.
The absolute pressure and oxygen sensors are responsible for the supply of air for mixing with the fuel.
In addition to the incorrect operation of the sensors, an error with a lack of air can occur for the following reasons:
- Insufficient compression;
- Malfunctions of the gas distribution mechanism;
- Torn or cracked seals or gaskets;
- Violation of thermal gaps.
Also, the P0172 code can manifest itself due to over-enrichment of the mixture as a result of poor combustion. This problem can be caused by improper operation of the spark plugs or ignition coils.
It cannot be ruled out that problems with the mixture and its combustion arise due to the failure of oxygen sensors or air flow.
What to do if the P0172 code is too rich
To determine the causes of the error, you need to check the information that the diagnostic scanner transmits when simulating the conditions for the error. If it was not possible to immediately determine the problem, it is necessary to act according to the following scenario:
After finding and eliminating the malfunction that led to the P0172 code, you must reset the fuel trim. This is required to zero out the long-term adjustment.
