The gas distribution mechanism is one of the most important systems of an internal combustion engine. The timing belt controls the valves of the engine, carrying out the normal operation of the intake and exhaust. During intake, the air / fuel mixture enters the combustion chambers as a result of the opening of the intake valve. The next phase opens the exhaust valve, and the gas distribution mechanism removes the exhaust gases from the combustion chamber. The VAZ 2190 uses a standard gas distribution unit, which differs only in the number of engine valves.
Timing characteristics Lada Grants
The Lada Granta gas distribution mechanism has a belt drive. A similar device has been familiar to motorists for a long time. After all, the timing design migrated from the VAZ 2108 engine, which became the basis for all subsequent modifications of the VAZ power plants. Two types of engines are installed on the Grant: an 8-valve engine and a 16-valve engine. The gas distribution system of a 16-valve power unit has a complex structure and increased dimensions compared to an 8-valve one. Accordingly, replacing the Grants timing belt becomes more complicated.
The main feature of the 16-valve device is the presence of two camshafts that work synchronously, in parallel with the crankshaft. The structure is located in the cylinder head. All three shafts are synchronized via a toothed belt. The main drawback of the timing belt transmission is the unreliability of the belt itself. During its breakage or when jumping, the valves meet with the pistons and bend. The structure of the 16-valve timing belt is clearly shown in the photo.
16-valve assembly
- Alignment mark on the cover of the drive.
- Lid.
- Intake camshaft pulley.
- Phase disc (sensor).
- TDC mark on the camshaft.
- Release camshaft pulley.
- Support roller.
- Roller tensioner.
- Drive belt.
- Pump pulley (coolant pump).
- Timing mark on the oil pump.
- Crankshaft alignment mark.
- Crankshaft pulley.
The timing kit can be changed by hand. The main thing is to know about the presence and correct placement of installation marks. By the way, most foreign cars are devoid of such marks, so in this case the advantage is for VAZ cars.
The eight-valve timing drive of the Lada Grants, in comparison with previous modifications of the car, looks simpler. The scheme is simple, because there is no bypass roller and there is only one camshaft. You can clearly see the timing device for 8 valves in the photo.
If you have doubts about your own abilities, you do not need to try to replace the timing belt with your own hands, as you can harm even more. In addition, in a car service, such a procedure, performed on an 8-valve engine, is inexpensive. But in the case of a 16-valve motor, the price tag is usually much higher.
Replacing the timing belt on a 16-valve engine Grants
Access to the drive of the gas distribution device is closed by a plastic cover. To remove the cover, you need to unscrew the five screws with a 5 hex wrench. Pay particular attention to the location of these screws. In the photo, number 1 shows the top cover fixing screws, and number 2 shows the bottom cover fixing screws. After unscrewing the five screws, the top cover must be lifted and removed from the engine.
If the car has a manual gearbox, you need to turn on the fifth speed, hang out the right front wheel and turn it clockwise. At the same time, it is required to inspect the belt for cracks, abrasions, delamination, etc. If the car is equipped with an automatic transmission, you need to remove the right front wheel and the boot (protective shield) on the right. The 17-inch head rotates the drive pulley mounting bolt for additional equipment (air conditioning, generator) and inspects the belt. If various defects and damage to the belt are diagnosed, it must be urgently replaced. Replacement will also be required in the event of oil leaks, a malfunction of the water pump and the tensioner roller.
On a 16-valve motor, a break in the belt drive will lead to a discrepancy in the angular arrangement of the crankshaft and camshafts. As a result, the piston group will come into contact with the valves. As a result, repair work will be required.
In the opinion of specialists repairing these car models, the work should be performed no later than the interval from 50 to 60 thousand, due to the presence of intermediate rollers in the drive, which can collapse from intense loads, especially since the whole process is quite simple, it is enough to purchase high-quality spare parts and necessary tools.
New Parts List and Required Tools
The gas distribution mechanism is one of the most important parts of the engine and the long trouble-free life of its parts depends on their quality, for this reason, the automaker strongly recommends purchasing only original spare parts or their certified counterparts to replace the timing belt with Lada Granta.
To complete the repair you will need:
- timing belt (ref. repair kit 174 rui);
- drive generator belt (art. 11 180 - 1041020 - 13);
- timing belt tensioner pulley (art. Repair kit 174 rui);
- water pump of the cooling system (art. 2116 - 1307010 - 75);
The work on replacing the timing belt on an 8-valve Lada Granta is carried out using a standard tool and one specialized key, namely:
- open-end wrenches with a set of 10 to 19 mm;
- box end wrenches from 10 to 19 mm;
- small mount;
- screwdriwer set;
- a specialized wrench for adjusting the force of the timing belt tensioner;
- protective gloves for hand safety.
If you have this tool and new spare parts, you can start troubleshooting the problem as in car services licensed by VAZ, in which the price for replacing the Lada Granta timing belt is about 5-7 thousand rubles in the fall of 2018. Small private workshops take from 2 to 3 thousand for this, and if the car owner wants to save money, then you can carry out all the repairs yourself, for which you need to study the instructions below, or carefully read the video on replacing the Lada Granta timing belt, the link to which is posted at the end of the article.
Self-repair steps
We begin independent work on replacing the timing belt with a Lada Granta by placing the machine in a spacious room. Having carefully studied the instructions on how to fix the car, we perform the following steps:
- We turn off the on-board power supply by removing the terminals from the battery
- Using a jack, raise the front right wheel, remove it and also dismantle the plastic wheel arch liner
- We find the crankshaft sensor (DPKV) located at the bottom of the engine crankcase, unfasten the connector from it and unscrew the fastening bolt, carefully take it out (this will help to avoid accidental damage).
- We proceed to removing the old drive belt of the generator, for which we loosen the fastening of the tension bar and move the generator to the crankcase with a mount, after which the belt is freely removed.
- We remove the protective plastic casing of the gas distribution system by unscrewing the four screws of its fastening located on the sides and placing marks on the upper and lower gears until they fully coincide with the risks on the motor case.
- Having set the marks, we fix the correct position of the crankshaft with a screwdriver, this is done through a special hole on the crankcase of the engine flywheel after removing the plug, and then unscrew the front pulley 17 mm. key.
- Using a 15 mm spanner spanner, loosen the central bolt of the tensioning mechanism, remove the old timing belt, unscrew all the roller mounting bolts and remove it.
- We proceed to dismantle the old water pump (this process may not be carried out, but experts recommend changing the pump together with the gear drive in order to avoid its imminent failure), for which we unscrew three fastening bolts with a 13 mm wrench.
- Instead of the old roller of the tensioning mechanism and the pump, we install new parts, then we check the previously set marks on the gears of the crankshaft and camshaft, which could have shifted slightly during the dismantling work, and put a new gear drive on them.
- We put on a new belt. We take out the screwdriver securing the crankshaft from the flywheel housing, and slightly turn the lower gear clockwise (by about 2 - 3 mm), thereby removing the tension slack. Further, using a specialized wrench, we bring the tension roller to the required position, otherwise the gas distribution mechanism drive may be overly tensioned, which will lead to its early breakage.
- At the last stage, we assemble all the units in the reverse order, pour antifreeze into the engine, remove the car from the jack and start it, listening to the operation of the engine, which should work smoothly and not emit extraneous noise.
Also watch the video, which shows in more detail how to replace the timing belt on the Lada Garant:
The release of the domestic modification of Lada Grant has been carried out for several years. The car has gained significant credibility due to its acceptable quality and level of performance, as well as the presence of several different versions of the equipment.
Today we will figure out when to change the timing belt, as well as which timing belt is better.
Some general provisions on the belt
The timing in any engine serves to ensure the timely intake of the prepared mixture and the release of exhaust gases. The composition of this node implies the presence of such elements:
- camshaft and crankshaft;
- the valves themselves with oil seals, springs, guide bushings and other parts.
Which timing belt is better? Separately, in the specified mechanism, the belt mechanism is positioned, acting as a connecting link between the camshaft (or two) and the crankshafts. It is the belt drive that is able to provide synchronization in the functioning of the elements included in the timing kit.
Finding this important element on the motor does not take much effort. To do this, you just have to open the hood lid of the Lada Granta and a closed with a special casing will appear in front of you. This protection prevents contamination and the ingress of foreign objects and dirt.
The design of the belt mechanism includes a rubber base and a working inner surface made in the form of teeth with a certain pitch.
What are the AvtoVAZ factory regulations in terms of replacement?
Cars of the Lada Granta model line are equipped with various versions of the power unit. Some of them are not without problems in the event of an unpleasant breakage of the belt drive. This is caused by the collision of the pistons with the valves, as a result of which the latter are bent, and the motor requires repair.
The possibility of bending (if a break occurs) is absent on the 11183-50 version of the motor, which is equipped with the standard equipment.
Another not unimportant question: when to change the timing belt? To exclude this unpleasant situation, the manufacturer deliberately regulated the periodic period for the mandatory replacement of the specified "consumable". The answer to the question of how much to change the timing belt from the manufacturer's company is after 15 thousand kilometers. This requirement applies to both 8-valve motors and their 16-valve modifications.
Even in spite of the equipment of the modification "21116" with a motor with an imported head, if the belt breaks, a similar sad fate awaits him.
The manufacturer does not recommend an independent implementation of the procedure for checking the condition of the belt and for replacing it. And therefore, when the time has come to change the timing belt, you should contact the service center. If the fact of the handwritten execution of the indicated operation is revealed, the probability of depriving the owner of the possibility of warranty service is high. For self-replacement, the manufacturer provides an authorization regarding:
- cabin filter;
- a similar element for the intake system.
However, on their own, many car owners still carry out the replacement, but not all newly-made drivers know how much to change the timing belt, and which timing belt is better than the rest.
Many owners of Lada Granta, especially those equipped with 16-valve versions of power units, recommend not to wait for the coveted mark of 60 thousand km. This is due to the possibility of using low-quality components capable of provoking wear of the replaced elements after a run of 20 thousand km.
This fact prompts many "Grantavodov" to resort to the use of products with good quality, and many of them, when asked which timing belt is better, answer that from the manufacturer "Gates". But we note that there are fakes of spare parts of this brand, and therefore, it is recommended to stop at purchasing items only from trusted suppliers.
If you set out to replace the component yourself, then you should not neglect some of the following guidelines. In particular, do not forget to observe the interval after how much to change the timing belt.
After hitching the belt, its correct tension is required. This is done by using a dedicated key. Some "leaders" will object, they say, you can do without him. However, here it is very problematic to dare to guarantee a high-quality result.
The force applied to the belt branch (when turning it through a 90-degree angle) located between the two shafts (commonly known: camshafts and crankshafts) should not exceed 20 Nm, but it should not be less than 15 Nm either. If there is no "hit" in the indicated interval of parameters, then this indicates an incorrect belt tension. The consequence is one - a new adjustment!
What are the signs of a worn out belt?
The indicated factors will make it possible to accurately determine the moment of the onset of damage to the Lada Granta belt, which will prevent an unexpected onset of its failure (breakage). When to change the timing belt, how to understand that it is worn out?
- Among the primary signs, there is a significant degree of material wear. This fact will easily provoke slipping or breakage of the "consumable" with an insignificant load on the motor or in conditions of high atmospheric humidity.
- The appearance of wear is often provoked by a violation of the correct position of the roller in relation to the pulley. This can be confirmed by the increased heating of the bearing and the fabric remnants of worn out cords sticking out to the sides, which are used to reinforce the rubber base of the belt.
- The next sign will be the fact of the presence of cracks and delamination. The greater the number of these defects, the higher the chance of a speedy belt break.
- If excessive hardness appears on the back surface, the presence of gloss can give it away. This factor, associated with loss of elasticity, indicates a loss of sufficient contact between the belt and the pulleys.
- During operation, it is possible to lengthen the belt surface, which can provoke its jumping on the teeth of the shaft pulley. Replacing the belt in this case is unambiguous.
- Failure of the roller, as a direct evidence of the incorrect position of the belt in relation to its working plane.
What are the consequences of the cliff?
As agreed, no problems with the Lada Granta engine in the 8 valve version, if the belt drive breaks, does not arise only in the 11183-50 version of the unit. The rest of the engines are at risk of failure in the indicated unpleasant incident.
In view of this, there was a dispute among Grantavodov about the advantages of LADA Granta engines with 16 and 8 valves, and which unit has more of them. Your point of view will also be very interesting.
In the event of a break in the belt drive, the camshaft stops in a position corresponding directly to the moment of breakdown. In contrast, the crankshaft is subject to continued rotation. This causes the pistons to hit the valves that were in the open position at a given moment. Further, the latter is bent, but sometimes there is a breakdown of the piston crown. In the popular way "fist of friendship"!
It is based on this fact that experts are inclined to recommend changing the timing kit of the required period of action previously declared by the manufacturer.
conclusions
Now you know how long it takes to change the timing belt. Undoubtedly, a broken LADA Granta belt is a source of unprecedented problems. This circumstance does not mean that one should be inactive. Below are some recommendations, whose goal is to minimize the indicated risk.
1. Be very careful when checking the belt for wear. This action is recommended to be carried out after 10-15 thousand km.
2. Do not neglect checking the condition of the oil seals. The defect manifests itself in the form of characteristic stains under the underside of the vehicle.
3. The flashing of the lamp registering the oil pressure in the LADA Granta engine may indicate a problem. If this fact manifests itself, we urgently turn off the engine and take measures to find the source of the breakdown.
4. Use only original spare parts, although the procedure for monitoring their condition has not been canceled.
So, you have found a defect or the scheduled repairs are due. Replacement is carried out step by step only with a cooled motor:
- Disconnect the battery of your Lada Granta.
- Remove the crankshaft position sensor. Place the sensor in a clean place such as a shelf free of steel filings or oil.
- Place the piston of the first cylinder at top dead center.
- Turn the crankshaft until the mark on its pulley aligns with the projection on the drive cover.
- Remove the plug from the sight glass (located on the clutch housing) and check the position of the shaft. If you did everything correctly, a mark will appear in the window and will be opposite the slot. Lock the flywheel with a screwdriver (it must be placed between its teeth).
- Unscrew the generator drive pulley, remove it from the axle and remove the washer.
- Remove the timing cover.
- Loosen the idler roller (it should turn).
- Remove the belt from all pulleys and pull out.
- If, in addition to installing the timing belt, you need to remove the tension roller and replace it with a new one, then unscrew the mounting bolt, and then remove the roller directly with it.
- Before installing a new roller, check if a replacement is really needed. To do this, grasp the metal center of this mechanism and turn the plastic part. In a serviceable component, it moves smoothly, without jamming.
- Inspect the pump and begin reassembling the timing mechanism. Install the roller in the upper hole on the cylinder block, but do not fully tighten the bolt securing this part of the drive.
- Slide the belt so that it runs correctly on all pulleys and rollers. In order for the belt to lay down correctly, after laying on the crankshaft pulley (it must first be installed in its place), tighten both parts of the part. Try to distribute the load evenly.
- The far part of the timing belt should lie on the pump pulley and go behind the tension roller (at this stage, check the diagram), and the near one should lie gently on the toothed part of the camshaft.
- Turn the camshaft pulley slightly (in the direction of less travel) so that the teeth of the belt line up with the notches on it. Use a wrench to turn the tension roller counterclockwise.
After the replacement has been made, check the timing belt tension. Excessive stress in it on the Lada Grant is fraught with failure of the pump of the cooling system. Also, if too tight, the belt can fail very quickly.
A loose belt can lead to a valve timing failure. Turn the crankshaft to the right so that the timing marks are aligned. Then reassemble the alternator pulley. Remember that with the belt removed on the Lada Grant model, it is strictly forbidden to turn the shafts. The setting is only done when the replacement has already been carried out.
Timing replacement Lada Granta 8 valves required once every 75 thousand kilometers. If you ignore the planned replacement of the belt, tension roller and sometimes the pump (coolant pump), then you can run into a serious repair of the Lada Granta engine. After all, a break in the timing belt almost always leads to damage to valves, valve seats and even pistons. Therefore, the timing drive must be treated very carefully. Once 15 thousand, it is imperative to inspect the belt for breaks, cracks, delamination or oiling.
A detailed diagram of the timing drive Lada Granta more.
- 1 - crankshaft toothed pulley
- 2 - toothed pulley of the coolant pump
- 3 - tension roller
- 4 - back protective cover
- 5 - toothed pulley of a camshaft
- 6 - timing belt
- A - lug on the rear protective cover
- B - mark on the camshaft pulley
- C - mark on the cover of the oil pump
- D - mark on the crankshaft pulley.
To replace the timing belt, we should remove the alternator belt or accessory belt for Grant with air conditioning. With a "5" hexagon, unscrew the four screws securing the front upper timing cover and remove the plastic casing.
To avoid damage to the crankshaft position sensor, remove it as well. With the ignition off, squeeze the lock of the wiring harness block and disconnect the block from the sensor connector. Using the "10" head, unscrew the sensor mounting bolt.
We take the sensor out of the tide hole of the oil pump cover and put it aside in a place where there are no steel filings that could subsequently disrupt the operation of the sensor.
Before dismantling the belt, it is necessary to check the valve timing of the engine - set the piston of the 1st cylinder to the TDC (top dead center) position of the compression stroke. Using the “17” head, turn the crankshaft clockwise by the bolt securing the alternator drive pulley until the mark 1 on the camshaft toothed pulley aligns with the tide 2 on the rear cover of the timing drive.
To make sure that the crankshaft is in the correct position, remove the rubber plug of the sight glass at the top of the clutch housing. Risk 2 on the flywheel should be located opposite the slot 1 of the scale that is visible in the window of the clutch housing cover.
Before unscrewing the bolt securing the alternator drive pulley, we ask the assistant to secure the crankshaft from turning by inserting a screwdriver through the window in the clutch housing between the flywheel teeth.
Using the "17" head, unscrew the bolt securing the generator drive pulley, remove the pulley and washer.
With a "5" hexagon, unscrew the three screws securing the front lower timing cover. Remove the cover.
Using a 15 spanner spanner, weaken the tightening of the tension roller bolt.
This will rotate the tension roller and release the belt tension. Remove the timing belt from the crankshaft and camshaft pulleys. We take out the belt from the engine compartment Grants.
Attention! After removing the timing belt, the crankshaft and camshafts must not be turned to avoid the pistons sticking into the valves. The dimensions of the timing belt of the Lada Granta timing belt with an 8-valve engine are 17 mm wide, the number of teeth is 113.
To remove the timing belt tensioner, unscrew the bolt and remove the tensioner along with the bolt.
We rotate the plastic clip of the roller, holding it by the eccentric. The roller should rotate quietly, evenly and without jamming. Otherwise, the roller must be replaced.
At the same time, you can check the serviceability of the coolant pump by twisting and shaking it by the pulley. We install the tension roller in place, completely without tightening the bolt of its fastening. For different engine modifications, two threaded holes are made in the cylinder head for the tension roller bolt. Screw the roller mounting bolt into the upper hole of the cylinder head. In the photo below, the hole is indicated by a red arrow.
Install the Grant timing belt in reverse order. Before installing the belt, make sure that the timing marks of the crankshaft and camshaft are aligned. We put the belt on the crankshaft toothed pulley, then tightening both branches of the belt, put the rear branch on the coolant pump pulley and start it over the tension roller, and put the front branch on the camshaft pulley.
If necessary, turn the camshaft pulley in the direction of the smallest stroke until the teeth of the belt coincide with the grooves of the pulley. To tension the belt, turn the tension roller counterclockwise. To do this, insert the rods (diameter 4 mm, distance between the rods 18 mm) into the grooves of the outer disk of the roller with a special key (for clarity, shown on the removed roller).
Such a key was used to adjust the belt tension in all front-wheel drive VAZs, you can buy it at any auto parts store.
Also, to adjust the tension of the Lada Granta timing belt, you can use pliers to remove the retaining rings. We tighten the belt by turning the belt tension roller counterclockwise until the cutout of the outer disk of the roller coincides with the rectangular protrusion of its inner sleeve, and tighten the roller mounting bolt to a torque of 34–41 Nm.
Excessive belt tension will reduce belt life as well as the life of the coolant pump and idler roller bearings. Insufficient belt tension also leads to its premature failure and can cause a violation of the valve timing. We turn the crankshaft two turns clockwise. We check the belt tension and the coincidence of the crankshaft and camshaft timing marks. With the alternator drive pulley removed, it is convenient to check the correct position of the crankshaft by aligning mark 1 on the crankshaft toothed pulley with rib 2 of the oil pump cover. Photo for clarity below.
If you are not confident in your abilities, then you can entrust the work of replacing the belt on the Lada Granta to a car service. For an engine with an 8-valve timing mechanism, this is cheaper than for a version with a 16-valve engine.
