Exam for programmer. What do you need to take to become a programmer? Exams, admission features and recommendations

Behind most technical conveniences, such as online banking or information boards at the airport, are specialists in one of the most in-demand professions of our time - programmers. Without them, neither gadgets nor social networks would work. Even ordering new sneakers from an online store would be problematic. Until now, the IT sector is only accelerating the pace of development, demanding more and more new workers. Companies are ready to hire even beginners. The average salary of a programmer starts at 35 thousand rubles, and experienced professionals can earn exorbitant amounts of money.

The profession of a programmer is popular and in demand

In this article we will tell you how to get into a prestigious profession, who senior programmers are, and why you will have a hard time here without English.

Who are programmers and what do they do?

The IT industry's demands for professionals are constantly increasing. Therefore, we need people who will understand this: create, repair, support. Coders are different, and each job has its own specifics. Let's talk about the main specializations of IT specialists:

The most obvious option. But it's not as simple as you might think. Coders perform different tasks depending on their specialized programming language and project.

For example, a mobile application developer creates programs for Android, iOS and other systems. Every first person has a smartphone and a tablet, so the work here will not end soon.

Another promising direction is Java programming. Most banking systems are designed in this language. Banks are willing to pay well for a quality product both to their full-time employees and to third-party firms. But the requirements here are also high: you will have to be responsible for the correct operation of the application with other people’s money. Of course, you can program in Java not only in a bank, and good IT specialists with experience receive about 200 thousand rubles per month.

A tester is a specialist, without whom not a single project will see a release. This IT specialist knows everything about the intricacies of the code and the places where the program can fail. His responsibility is to check the product’s resistance to errors and bugs and return it to the developers for correction. At first, the test is done manually, but when all the weak points are found, the tester writes a special program to automate the troubleshooting.

Another similar profession is qa engeneer, product quality specialist. Its main difference is that it does not look for errors in the code, but tries to prevent them. Find out in detail the customer's requirements, plan development, establish communication between groups of programmers - all these are the responsibilities of a qa engineer. Often you don’t even need to know a programming language; it’s more important to understand the stages of development and the features of project management.

The profession is attractive due to its salary: even a beginner can be paid 50 thousand a month.

According to StackOverFlow research, this is the most in-demand IT profession of 2017. Web programmers are divided into two categories: front end and back end (they are also often coded as UX/UI design). The first ones monitor everything related to the user part: the convenience of the application and website, intuitive use and simply a beautiful picture. The latter work on the technical component: the logic of the site, its functions, interaction with the database. To make a page on the Internet look modern, developers take courses in html and php, and are proficient in css, java-script, and python programming.

Your salary will depend on the number of tools you own. HTML coders have the smallest remuneration; they receive from 25 thousand per month.

• Programmer 1C

A special feature of 1C programming is its close connection with the economic industry. For example, in order to correctly calculate the salaries of 3,000 people at a factory, you need to store data about their working hours, wages, sick leave, etc. somewhere. This task is undertaken by the 1C-Enterprise program. The 1C programmer configures accounting and document management programs so that documents are easily uploaded and reports are automatically generated.

The possible routineness of the work is more than compensated by the salary structure. If we talk about a fixed rate, then a novice 1C Programmer will immediately find a vacancy with a salary of 45 thousand per month, and a leading specialist receives from 120. But in the case of freelancing, earnings will depend on your skills and the number of working hours per week. Professionals earn both 200 and 500K per month.

The debate about real programmers continues to this day.

This IT guy is not exactly a programmer. His peculiarity is that he is well versed in hardware. Connect a printer, laptop, projector, configure its operation, distribute the Internet and design a clever local network - that's all for him. Gurus of wires and working printers are paid from 25 thousand rubles, and the salary of a system administrator programmer with good experience can reach up to 150 thousand per month.

He is also a product manager, he is also a product owner. The product manager acts as a translator between the customer, who does not understand information technology, and the programmer. It seems that this is a job out of nothing - that the customer and the programmers themselves won’t be able to figure it out?! Well they won't be able to. It is the product manager who can explain the capabilities of the functionality to the customer and then formulate the exact task for the IT specialists. The product owner is responsible for ensuring that the finished application, website or game brings maximum joy and benefit to the user.

• IT Product Director

Any successful IT specialist can achieve the highest position in the IT field - chief procurement officer (CPO for short). This person has deep knowledge of the product, understands the coding system, and knows the best strategies for creating software. The CIO of an average company may have 30-50 people subordinate to him. Average income... far above average.

Programming training at university

The most obvious way to become a programmer is to enroll in a corresponding major at a university. The life of most specialists is no longer possible without IT technologies. Mathematicians, chemists, and biologists are taught to some extent how to use code. But in order not to suffer through subjects that are uninteresting to you and to study only specialized disciplines, choose one of the following areas:

Each option has its own characteristics. Scientists graduate from one department, managers from another, and real anti-hackers from a third! To understand this in more detail, check out our infographic. It is better for future IT specialists to choose technical universities. These profiles are available in, and others.

Programmer training in college

You don't have to wait until graduation to devote yourself to your favorite activity. You can start training to become a programmer after 9th grade, you just need to choose the right college. There are not many suitable specialties here:

• 09.02.03 Programming in computer systems;
• 02/09/05 Applied computer science;
• 02/09/07 Information systems and programming.

In total, there are 71 institutions of secondary vocational education in the country with the areas of training we need. You will find these profiles in St. Petersburg College of Information Technologies, Petrovsky College, Novosibirsk College of Electronics and Computer Engineering, V Ural Technological College “MEPhI” and in many others.

Additional education courses

They started teaching programming in Russia not so long ago, so finding a high-quality professional course is an adventure. In addition, not all options are free. To avoid wasting your money, pay attention to reviews, teachers, program and job prospects.

• Online platforms

You can learn the programming language you like on your own at a convenient pace on one of the learning resources. For example, it’s easy to find a course on Java programming at INTUIT. After successfully passing the final test, the system will issue a free certificate.

• Online schools

If the idea of ​​self-study doesn't appeal to you, then take a closer look at online schools. A significant plus is that most often the courses here are taught by practicing programmers, who will not only share general knowledge, but also talk about real interesting cases. At the end of the training they give you a diploma and promise to help you find a job. The training is “official”, you can even get a tax deduction. But it also costs quite a lot. The annual course will cost 150 thousand rubles. Here you can see: this is a big expense or a smart investment in yourself.

• Full-time courses

For those who want to see the teacher not through a monitor screen, but live, there are face-to-face courses. For example, MAXIMUM conducts classes on studying the IT field for schoolchildren Digital Skills. There is also programming there, and you can come to the introductory lesson for free.

How to enroll in the Programming specialty and what to take?

Universities most often require Unified State Examination results from future IT specialists. Russian language, specialized mathematics and computer science. Some may ask for more English.

What to do now to increase your chances of a successful programming career

You need to understand that the IT sphere is developing at tremendous speed. Universities will never physically have time to adapt programs to provide students with the latest information. The university will lay the foundation in the form of basic language capabilities and standard algorithms. That is why the work of a programmer is impossible without continuous self-education. Programming languages ​​are being modernized, developers are creating new convenient tools to make the work of themselves and their colleagues easier, and they are coming up with new algorithms for solving problems. Next, we will tell you where and what else to learn in order to succeed in the IT field:

• Learn English. Many resources are in English. In order not to wait for someone to take pity and translate the text for you, take care of the language in advance. This is so important that some paid courses provide language lessons to their students as part of the main program.
• Chat on it forums. Answers to many questions can be found on programmer forums, such as Habrahabr. The professional community generously shares knowledge and useful pieces of code. True, sometimes the search lasts for several days and at the same time you have to understand new tools that you were not familiar with before. And yes, often the most useful link will be in English.
• Lose yourself in books. Don’t rush to buy the first literature you come across at the nearest bookstore. There is a lot of useless and hopelessly outdated material on the shelves. Again, many works were originally written in English, and the Russian version may suffer from serious translation deficiencies. You can start with our recommendations, and then you will understand what good content looks like.

Did you read to the end? Here are a couple more interesting facts that will help you better imagine the profession of a programmer.

• If you go to the job site, you will see: mysterious middle or senior developers are required. Programmers have their own gradation of professionalism: junior, middle and senior. The first, beginners, must master all the means of the language in which they work. The second are IT specialists with 3-5 years of experience. Still others not only know everything about the code, but can also organize the work of a group of developers on a project. As your rank increases, your salary increases accordingly!
• A popular portrait of a typical programmer is a taciturn man in glasses with a liter cup of coffee. In fact, this picture is true only for the rare freelancer. And you don’t have to be an introvert to go into the profession. As in any other matter, supra-professional skills are important - to explain, argue, negotiate, get out of conflict.​

This portrait of a programmer is hopelessly outdated. Modern IT specialists are sociable, positive guys!

• A whole group of IT specialists works on large projects. Everyone is responsible for their own piece of code, and all the pieces must come together in the end into a single product. To make this happen, teams constantly hold planning meetings and help colleagues find and correct shortcomings. And some offices even have TV consoles and board games. A collective change of activity helps to establish contact and switch when work gets stuck.
• Programmers celebrate their professional holiday on September 13th. The date was not chosen by chance: it is the 256th day of the year, the maximum possible power of two that fits into the number 365.

You can learn programming on your own, but only those who study using proven programs have a career head start. Where and how to go to master a profession?

• It is necessary to decide on the direction (a specialist can write programs or look for vulnerabilities in the software used, design and maintain internal corporate networks, be responsible for communications and communications, build the IT infrastructure of a business).
• Collect a package of documents.
• Pass the entrance exams to become a programmer.

How to become a programmer

The test format for admission to the Faculty of IP may differ depending on the choice of specialty, level of professional training and age of the applicant. What exams do you need to take to become a programmer? The level of difficulty may also vary:

• For talented, enthusiastic young people who have already proven themselves at school or college, the opportunity to enter after an interview is provided.
• Often candidates undergo internal testing.
• School graduates must achieve a passing score in the required exam as part of the Unified State Examination program.
• 9th graders entering college will get by with a good average certificate score or can “get” points on the Unified State Examination.

What subjects need to be taken

What subjects are needed to become a programmer are determined by the specific university. To enter Synergy, the Faculty of Information Systems requires an examination in two compulsory and one specialized subjects. Required disciplines:

• mathematics,
• Russian language.

Which third exam you need to take depends on your specialty. To enroll in a bachelor's degree, a future IT specialist with a broad profile must pass computer science. A programmer in the field of software and systems administration, as well as a future expert in instrument engineering and telecommunications, takes Russian, mathematics, and physics.

What to take when applying to college

Along with bachelor's and master's degrees, our university practices professional training for future programmers in college. Graduates of grades 9 and 11 have access to the profile of an IT generalist specialist. Young students with a predominantly mathematical approach to problem solving may be admitted without examination.

A good average score is sufficient for admission. Both 9th graders and 11th grade graduates. We keep the doors to the future of technology open for the enthusiastic student.

Reasons why you should choose this field

The duration of training ranges from 2 years 10 months (college) to 6.5 years (higher master's education). Why is this time worth investing in professional training to become a programmer?

• Programmer is the highest paid profession after lawyers (world statistics).
• The shortage of competent IT specialists in Russia alone amounts to more than 1 million vacancies. Employment – ​​quite frequent The question of university graduates is not relevant for this profile.
• Programming is the profession of the future. Computers are confidently gaining ground in all areas; today, de facto, a serious business cannot function successfully without an IT infrastructure.

Among young engineers, technicians, and statisticians, many are thinking about changing their qualifications to become a programmer.

Is it hard to study

Programming is a complex industry; the amount of knowledge required is enormous. Therefore, it is difficult to talk about simple learning in its context.

During the training, the student will take many purely technical subjects - math, basics of graphs, probability theory. They are not easy for everyone and are accompanied by a lot of calculations.

But despite all the complexity of studying, it remains interesting. We made sure that our future programmers could “apply” every block of acquired knowledge in real business practice. Plus, we host forums, webinars and seminars with the participation of recognized representatives of the profession.

Programming is a whole world. It requires diligence and a responsible approach to learning, but is filled with world-changing discoveries from the first weeks.

Schoolchildren, it seems, have already passed the Unified State Exam and are about to go to apply to universities. Programming and IT technologies are in stable demand, much like legal and economic specialties were 10 years ago.

In this article I will tell you how higher education for IT works and how to choose the right IT specialty.
The article will be useful not only for 2015 applicants, but also for high school students who have already decided to connect their lives with IT.

Do you need to go to university to become a programmer?

There are many points of view on this issue and I am sure it will be raised more than once in the comments. In my humble opinion, higher education is not a prerequisite for becoming an IT specialist, nor is it a guarantee of this. But it can become a solid foundation for professional growth.

You can read books, participate in the OpenSource community, work part-time on oDesk, and in a few years you will be an experienced developer, without a higher education. True, nothing prevents you from doing all this while studying at a university, except your own laziness.
You can enroll, take tests and exams, get a diploma and not end up becoming a professional programmer - there are millions of such stories.

A good university provides, first of all, excellent conditions for gaining knowledge, experience, connections and growing as a person. And it’s up to you how you will use them (and whether you will use them at all).
Let’s assume that you have already decided to get a higher education in the IT field, and let’s move on.

Bachelor, specialist and master

Years have passed since the Ministry of Education decided to integrate Russia into the Bologna higher education system and much has changed. Previously, all IT workers could only obtain a specialist diploma. This year the last certified specialists graduated (with the exception of specialties where the training period is more than 5 years).
Now you can become a bachelor, after that a master, and then enter graduate school to obtain the Russian equivalent of a Ph.D.

What has really changed?
In the old curricula for “specialists,” the number of hours was cut by one year, while the most difficult disciplines were either removed or shortened. Many academic topics from the field of algebra, probability theory, and physics will remain uncovered by the teacher for the bachelor's degree. In a number of specialties where programming is an auxiliary competency (for example, information security), various programming technologies have come under the knife - from web development to parallel programming.

Otherwise, neither the theoretical material nor the teaching methods have changed. The volume of material has been reduced. If some university used to give laboratory tests for Pascal, they still do.
At the same time, master's curricula can boast of novelty. You can write about this separately if there is demand.

It must be taken into account that a bachelor’s degree is not a ready-made employee who can come to an employer with a diploma with honors and ask for the average salary in a hospital. A bachelor knows something, knows something about technology, but as a rule, does not know how to work in a team, a large group, or completely independently solve specific practical problems. In developer terminology, this is a Junior, promising to become a Middle Developer in 2-4 years. In many companies, such graduates without experience are offered internship programs with a mentor for 6-12 months.

Applied and Academic Bachelor's Degree

Of course, the fact that the specialty was simply reduced by 20% could not please the Ministry of Education. Few people can be pleased with an “under-specialist” who now knows even less. Therefore, starting from 2015, applied bachelor’s degrees will be introduced everywhere as an alternative to incomplete academic education.

In short, the applied curriculum differs from the academic one in the new curriculum, where all disciplines are focused on producing an employee who is as ready as possible for real work tasks. Without internships and other headaches for the employer. For example, from an academic bachelor’s degree a “mathematician-programmer” may come out, and from an applied bachelor’s degree “.Net Developer”, “Relational Database Developer” or “C++ Programmer”. The latter are more interesting to the labor market immediately after graduating from university, while the former, after graduating from a bachelor’s degree, must enter a master’s program and further develop their competencies in order to qualify for higher positions after graduation. Another useful thing is the participation of employers (as a practice base) and IT vendors in the applied bachelor's program.

Despite the fact that the idea, in my opinion, is sound and its implementation was started 5 years ago in 44 pilot universities, I have not yet met either qualitatively new educational materials or graduates ready for independent work. I assume that nothing will change in the next 2-3 years and there will be no significant difference in the preparation of academic and applied bachelor’s degrees. However, if you have already decided to pursue a master’s degree, go to the academic one; if after 4 years of study you plan to go to work and return to the master’s program “someday,” then apply to the applied one.

Teaching at a university

If they study at school, then they study at a university. And the difference here is huge. No one will force you to study. If you want to get a diploma, sit down, figure it out, ask your classmates. A teacher is simply a carrier of knowledge who knows how to explain this knowledge. His goal is to tell, yours is to understand. If you don’t understand something, the teacher still fulfilled his goal. Even if in some cases this is not the case, it is better to think in this paradigm, there will be less disappointment.

The quality of teaching lies precisely in how well the teacher conveys knowledge to you and what practical competence you gain from it. For example, you can convey the principle of OOP in the Delphi programming language, or you can use C# or Java. You will understand OOP in any case if you try, but familiarity with the C# or Java languages ​​will be useful for you in the future, when preparing coursework, when working part-time or in future employment.

Teaching is an inert thing. The more a teacher teaches the same course using the same technologies as an example, the better he is able to convey knowledge to students. But IT technologies change too quickly, so two extremes are possible:

1. the teacher reads to you something that is morally outdated, but you understand everything perfectly
2. the teacher talks about the latest technologies, but you are left with large gaps in your understanding of something (if you do not fill them in on your own in books, on StackOverflow or MSDN, then it will remain so).

There are wonderful teachers who update 30% of their educational material every year, but not everyone is ready for such efforts.

In addition to splitting bachelor's degrees into academic and applied ones, education standards are also being updated from the second generation to 3 and 3+. With so many changes in teaching, there is a risk that the next 2-3 sets of students will be less prepared than the next. This means you need to make more personal efforts.

When choosing a university and specialty, it is advisable to know Who and What will tell you. Before making your final choice, check with current students, read VK student groups.

Choosing a specialty

So, you decided to get a higher education and become a programmer. And not just a programmer, but, for example, a Web developer specializing in frontend. It’s great that at 18 you already have a goal in life, but I’m in a hurry to disappoint you. In our state there is such a thing as standards of higher education and they are much more abstract than you would like.

The full list of higher education standards can be found here. Not all of them have generation 3+ standards yet, but they will by the end of the year. I recommend reading these boring documents.

Mathematical support and administration of information systems (MOAIS).

A specialty that provides the best conditions for developing developer competencies.

You will study: programming technologies in various languages ​​(usually in 4 years you will become familiar with at least three programming languages ​​- for example: C++, C#, Lisp, or C++, Java, Python), development and basic administration of relational and object-oriented databases, network technologies , development of “client-server” applications, “client - application server - database server”, parallel programming.

Training gives an understanding of programming in principle; in a couple of months you can learn any programming language and develop in it; understanding how any program works and how to solve most computing problems. After receiving your diploma, you are a strong Junior, but as soon as you understand specific tasks and tools in a specific company, your knowledge base will be enough to qualify for Middle.

After work experience and a good master's degree in this specialty, you will be able not only to create programs and information systems, but will become familiar with the principles of developing high-load systems, team management, development planning, and will be able to apply for Senior and Team Lead.

Fundamental computer science and information technology (FIIT).

The specialty is close to MOAIS, but is focused on computational experiments and research problems.
In other words, you'll be in top shape as a programmer, but you'll be nearly useless for solving practical business problems. But you are a valuable personnel for R&D departments, scientific laboratories and research teams. Studying in this specialty at a good university gives you the opportunity to choose a place of work around the world, working in well-known companies. It is already initially assumed that a bachelor's degree will be only the first step of your education.

A very real story: after receiving a bachelor's degree at Moscow State University, enrolling in a master's program at CalTech. Of course, physics, algebra and calculus should be your passion.

Informatics and computer technology (ICT)

The specialty is focused on training system programmers who work with hardware. You will have skills in programming robots, real-time systems, and working with a blowtorch. With such an education, you won’t want to develop boring accounting systems and web applications, but your future career can begin as a video surveillance engineer in a small private security company, or in a robotics laboratory of a large brand (of course, after completing a master’s program).

In my opinion, that’s all with purely programming specialties. Below is a list of specialties that also teach programming. But if the specialties at the top have a curriculum designed so that they graduate as a Programmer, then the specialties below produce a Specialist in something with programming skills.

Not only a programmer

Software Engineering

A relatively new specialty that essentially trains software product managers. This specialist looks beyond development tasks, manages requirements, functionality, versions, and development teams. In the first years you will study programming technologies and, perhaps, a couple of languages, but later in the curriculum there will be more and more about software development management. You can start your career as a Junior Developer, but instead of further upgrading to Middle, you will become a project manager.

Applied Informatics

Produces system analysts with a broad outlook in IT and business. They also know how to program, but they are really good at writing technical specifications, formalizing business processes, and communicating effectively with developers who hover in high abstractions. You can become a project manager or even a director of your company if you have such ambitions.

Business Informatics

It is very close to applied computer science, but the graduate’s managerial competencies are much stronger. You can be a consultant on the use of IT or manage the IT policy of a small holding. After receiving your diploma, you can start working even in support, but the career goal “IT Director” can be achieved in a matter of years.

Information systems and technologies

Focus on information technology administration and the correct selection of software and hardware for the tasks of a corporate local network. There will be programming, but at a procedural level, closer to scripts and configuration files.

Mathematics and Computer Science

A large portion of fundamental knowledge will allow you to work both as a computer science teacher at school and as an analyst in a large company. In a good university, this specialty gravitates towards scientific research and can also be a start in R&D for those who prefer mathematical sciences to physics.

Information Security

The first course is often similar to specialties like MOAIS, where there is a lot of programming and in different languages, but then this stops. You don't have to write code, you have to understand how any code can be attacked. Networks and operating systems will be familiar to anyone else, you can call yourself a hacker, but you will have to work in the field of security, with regulatory documents, and not just with firewall and sniffer.

It is important to understand that everything depends on the specific educational institution. This is like the HTML standard and its implementation on the website of a provincial beauty salon. There are universities where students of all specialties attend the same lectures. There are universities where MOAIS studies Visual Basic and Pascal, writes macros in Excel, and studies databases using Access as an example. If there is such a university in your hometown, then it’s time to buy train tickets.

The choice of specialty upon admission is extremely important, since it determines your future career and, perhaps, your whole life. This is essentially the first independent choice in life and the mistake will be measured in years. Therefore, it’s too early to “exhale” after the Unified State Exam; it’s time to find out as much as possible about the nearest university, its students and teachers. Good luck.

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Programmer is a specialist who develops algorithms and computer programs based on special mathematical models. The profession is promising and in great demand all over the world (median value). You can become a programmer at any age. The profession is suitable for men and women with interests in programming, mathematics, languages, as well as good analytical skills and developed logic (can you pass the test to see if you can become a programmer). There are also colleges that teach programming, but you can learn it on your own; as a rule, programmers with skills are valued higher. Exist . The profession has its own. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in computer science (see choosing a profession based on interest in school subjects).

Varieties

In programming, not only practical skills are given first place, but also the ideas of a specialist. Programmers can be divided into three categories depending on their specialization:

1. Application programmers They are mainly engaged in the development of applied software - games, accounting programs, editors, instant messengers, etc. Their area of ​​work also includes the creation of software for video and audio surveillance systems, access control systems, fire extinguishing or fire alarm systems, etc. Their responsibilities also include adapting existing programs to the needs of a particular organization or user.
2. System programmers develop operating systems, work with networks, and write interfaces to various distributed databases. Specialists in this category are among the rarest and highest paid. Their task is to develop software systems (services) that, in turn, control the computing system (which includes the processor, communications and peripheral devices). The list of tasks also includes ensuring the functioning and operation of the created systems (device drivers, bootloaders, etc.).
3. Web programmers also work with networks, but, in most cases, with global ones - the Internet. They write the software components of websites, create dynamic web pages, web interfaces for working with databases.

Features of the profession

Based on the analysis of mathematical models and algorithms for solving scientific, technical and production problems, the programmer develops programs for performing computational work. Draws up a computational scheme for problem solving methods, translates solution algorithms into formalized machine language. Determines the information entered into the machine, its volume, methods for monitoring operations performed by the machine, the form and content of source documents and calculation results. Develops layouts and schemes for input, processing, storage and output of information, conducts desk checks of programs.

Defines a set of data that provides a solution to the maximum number of conditions included in a given program. Conducts debugging of developed programs, determines the possibility of using ready-made programs developed by other organizations. Develops and implements programming automation methods, standard and standard programs, programming programs, translators, input algorithmic languages.

Performs work on the unification and typification of computing processes, participates in the creation of catalogs and cards of standard programs, in the development of forms of documents subject to machine processing, in design work to expand the scope of application of computer technology.

Pros and cons of the profession

Pros:

• high profit payment;
• relatively high demand for specialists;
• sometimes you can get a job without having a higher education;
• is primarily a creative profession.

Minuses:

• you often have to explain the same thing a lot, since what is clear and obvious to the programmer is not always clear and obvious to the user;
• work in emergency mode (sometimes) in a stressful situation;
• the profession leaves a specific imprint on the character, which not everyone around him likes.

Place of work

• IT companies and web studios;
• research centers;
• organizations that include in their structure a staff unit or departments of programmers.

Important qualities

Programming is a rapidly evolving field, so a programmer must be able to quickly adapt to the current state of technology and constantly learn new technologies. Therefore, the ability to self-learn is one of the main skills that a programmer must have. Otherwise, in a few years his value as a specialist will be noticeably lower.

Proficiency in English at the level of reading technical documentation is another mandatory requirement for representatives of this profession. For such specialists, the ability to work in a team, on large projects, with collective development tools, and with large financial systems (budgetary, banking, management accounting) is very important. For applicants for the position of lead programmer, project and team management skills, independence, initiative, as well as the ability to bear personal responsibility for the assigned task are desirable.

Programmer training

STEP Computer Academy is an international educational institution that teaches . Operating since 1999. 42 branches in 16 countries. The largest authorized training center for Microsoft, Cisco, Autodesk. Students receive international certificates and an international diploma. The main goal is the employment of every graduate.

In this course, you can obtain a programmer profession remotely in 1-3 months. Diploma of professional retraining established by the state. Training in a completely distance learning format. The largest educational institution of additional professional education. education in Russia.

Salary

Programmer is one of the most popular and highly paid professions in Russia. Even the least advanced specialist can find a job in accordance with his level of knowledge, and then gradually learn and gain experience. The intern's salary is about $1000. A full-time programmer in a mid-level company (not IT) earns up to $1500-1800, a little more in an organization associated with mass software development. The lead programmer's salary is $2500-3000. The next step is the head of the IT department. The required knowledge is supplemented by mandatory work experience, foreign language proficiency, personnel management skills, etc., and earnings can reach $4,000. A good programmer can become the manager of a large software development project, and here the income level reaches $5,000 or more.

Salary as of 04/11/2019

Russia 40000—150000 ₽

Moscow 60000—180000 ₽

Career steps and prospects

A good start to your career can be joining a group of programmers when developing a project. Large projects often attract the attention of Western companies, which “outbid” Russian programmers. For example, once a group of our young scientists developed the Elbrus processor for the Ministry of Defense, but in the end they were all bought up by Intel Corporation, and now our scientists and programmers work abroad, and the Elbrus project itself was slowly closed. The problem of “brain drain” in this profession is one of the most acute.

A programmer can make a career up to the head of a group of programmers (team leader), IT director of an enterprise, IT project manager, etc. During the course of work, a programmer can move within his specialty, improving professionally.

Famous and great programmers

Knut Donald Erwin
Matsumoto Yukihiro
Tanenbaum Andrew
Raymond Eric Stephen
Fowler Martin
Hopper Grace
Stallman Richard Matthew
Kay Alan
Meyer Sid
Stroustrup Björn

The emergence of programming as an occupation and, especially, as a professional activity is difficult to date unambiguously.

Often considered the first programmable device, the jacquard loom was built in 1804 by Joseph Marie Jacquard, which revolutionized the weaving industry by providing the ability to program patterns on fabrics using punched cards.

The first programmable computing device, the Analytical Engine, was designed by Charles Babbage (but was unable to build it). On July 19, 1843, Countess Ada Augusta Lovelace, daughter of the great English poet George Byron, is believed to have written the first program in human history for the Analytical Engine. This program solved the Bernoulli equation, which expresses the law of conservation of energy of a moving fluid.

In her first and only scientific work, Ada Lovelace examined a large number of issues. A number of general principles expressed by her (the principle of saving working memory cells, the connection of recurrent formulas with cyclic computation processes) have retained their fundamental importance for modern programming. Babbage's materials and Lovelace's comments outlined concepts such as subroutine and subroutine library, instruction modification, and index register, which began to be used only in the 1950s.

However, none of the programs written by Ada Lovelace were ever launched.

Ada Augusta, Countess of Lovelace, is generally considered an honorary first programmer (although, of course, writing a single program cannot be considered an occupation or professional activity by modern standards). History has preserved her name in the name of the universal programming language “Ada”.

The first working programmable computer (1941), the first programs for it, and also (with certain reservations) the first high-level programming language Plankalküll were created by the German engineer Konrad Zuse.

History has not preserved the names of the people who first began to professionally carry out the work of programming itself (in isolation from setting up computer equipment), since at first programming was viewed as a secondary setup operation.

Murphy's Laws for Programmers

1. Nothing works as planned.

2. Nothing is programmed the way it should work.

3. A good programmer is characterized by the ability to prove why a task cannot be completed when he is simply too lazy to complete it.

4. It takes three times less time to solve a problem than to discuss all the pros and cons of its solution.

5. The promised delivery date is the carefully calculated project completion date plus six months.

6. The programmer always knows the sequence of actions by which a user can hang his program, but he never fixes this problem, hoping that no one will ever think of executing this sequence.

7. Real programmers love Windows - all mistakes made due to their own stupidity can be blamed on Microsoft.

8. Consequence - 99% of the problems blamed on Microsoft are a consequence of the stupidity of the programmers themselves.

9. In a fit of anger, for some reason everyone is hitting the innocent monitor instead of the system unit.

10. In the event of a hunger strike, a real programmer will be able to eat food picked out from under the keyboard buttons for another month.

11. A real programmer has already replaced at least three beer-drenched keyboards.

12. Anyone who has problems setting up the encoding is automatically considered Neanderthals.

13. Amateurish conversations about computers cause severe nausea, even vomiting. The question of how to change the “wallpaper” in Windows makes you want to cut the throat of the questioner.

14. For most people who need your help, the reason for the error in the program is purely genetic.

15. HTML, HTTP, FTP, SMTP, TCP/IP, RTFM, etc. These are words, not abbreviations.

16. The phrase “mouse-norushka” does not make any sense.

17. The most mystical problems, widely inflated and advertised, in the end turn out to be your stupidest mistakes.

18. Corollary - if your program performs mystical actions, then you did something incredibly stupid.

19. The worst feeling for a programmer is when ten people are standing around you and everyone is trying to find the cause of the problem in your program, and you already understand what the problem is, but you are afraid to say it, because it is something blatantly stupid...

20. The solution to all life's problems is on the Internet. You just need to be able to search well.

21. A conflict of logical instructions in life causes a fatal error in the work of the programmer’s brain - a rise in temperature and severe dizziness, including vomiting or loss of consciousness, are possible.

22. Programmers despise those who despise programmers more than those who despise programmers despise programmers who despise those who despise them.

23. If you understood the previous one, then you are a programmer.

There are 10 types of people in this world - those who understand the binary number system and those who do not understand it.

Video: are you a programmer?

The question of choosing a profession has always clearly been before the younger generation, but now it is necessary not only to choose the right profession, but also to pass the necessary disciplines to enter a higher educational institution. But what subjects should I take to become a programmer?

Of course, it is very important that you do well in school. And not in just one subject, of course. In order for you to become a real programmer and enter a good higher education institution. You will have to take math. Yes, without it, it is not possible for you to get this profession, so if you do not like this subject, then it is better not to become a programmer.

What else needs to be submitted

Mathematics is not the only subject that an applicant must pass. You also need to pass a subject such as computer science. Of course, you should already understand it quite well and be on familiar terms with your computer. And for this it is better to begin to seriously study this complex subject another year in advance. Then you must also pass physics. Of course, this specialty is not required in all universities, but it is quite possible that you will need it. Physics may seem to you to be far from programming, although in the future this is not always the case. The next item is completely unexpected for this list. This is everyone’s favorite and familiar Russian language. So, if you are an expert in computer science, physics and mathematics, and don’t know the Russian language, then you cannot be a programmer. Here is the answer to the question: “What programmer exams do I need to pass?”

We hope that you found the answer to the questions asked above in time and you will still have time to prepare for the entrance exams.