Library of outstanding people. About the ban on reading

Branson's business acumen began as a child. At the age of 16, he became the founder and editor-in-chief of Student magazine. And he created his most famous brand, Virgin, which includes more than 400 companies, in 1970, starting with the delivery of recorded music.

Virgin Group's turnover now amounts to more than $24 billion, and the number of employees is 50 thousand people worldwide. The company has its own Formula E car and also plans to launch rockets carrying tourists into space. The cost of one ticket, by the way, is 250 thousand dollars. You can buy it.

Richard Branson, like many other prominent people, loved to read since childhood. This is unlikely to be news to anyone. Here's what he said about his favorite books:

I was recently asked to name my five favorite books, and the task turned out to be more difficult than I thought. I love dozens of books, each for different reasons.

Richard Branson

Unfortunately, Branson doesn't talk much about his reading habits or how much he reads. I managed to find his favorite poem - The Quitter by Robert Service. Branson himself spoke about this on Twitter.

Richard Branson's Favorite Books

1. "A Brief History of Time" by Stephen Hawking.
2. "Diceman, or Man of Lot" by Luke Rinehart.
3. "Stalingrad", Anthony Beevor.
4. "Wild Swans: Three Daughters of China" by Yong Zhang.
5. "Long Walk to Freedom" by Nelson Mandela.
6. "Swallows and Amazons" by Arthur Ransome.
7. Where the Wild Things Are by Maurice Sendak.

WITH The specialty of a librarian has not existed for very long - only the second century, but this position is one of the most honorable on earth, the most outstanding people of their time - writers, scientists, philosophers - were appointed to it. They endowed every field of knowledge with their talent - and mainly because they had books at their disposal.

P The first libraries appeared before our era; for the most part they were an integral part of cultic and religious institutions, and the first librarians were priests.

WITH With the development of the book business, libraries also spread, and the cultural history of librarianship became part of the history and culture of society.

N and the position of librarian was appointed to the most outstanding people of their time - writers, scientists, philosophers. These individuals endowed every field of knowledge with their talent - and mainly because they had books at their disposal.

The most famous and famous librarians

Lao Tzu- legendary ancient Chinese philosopher of the 6th–5th centuries BC. e., who is credited with the authorship of the classic Taoist philosophical treatise “Tao Te Ching”. The most famous version of his biography reports that for most of his life, Lao Tzu served as the keeper of the royal library of the state of Zhou.

Callimachus, poet and scientist (presumably 310-240 BC), attracted the attention of King Ptolemy II, was invited to the court and appointed to one of the high posts in the Library of Alexandria and worked in it for more than 20 years. Using library materials, he wrote more than 800 scientific essays on history and grammar. The unique work of Callimachus is “Tables of those who have shone in all areas of knowledge, and the works that they composed.” This catalog, which has not reached us, consisted of 120 volumes. It presents the main works of Greek literature and biographies of their authors. This was one of the first bibliographic works, and Callimachus is called the father of bibliography.

Eratosthenes(III century BC), one of the outstanding scientists and writers of the Hellenistic world, is considered the founder of geography, he introduced the very name of this science into circulation, and developed a method for drawing up a geographical map. Eratosthenes was the head of the Library of Alexandria for over 40 years, while simultaneously studying science - philology, chronology, mathematics, astronomy. He was also the tutor of the heir to the throne.

Claudius Ptolemy, the famous astronomer and geographer of antiquity, through whose efforts the geocentric theory of the structure of the universe (often called Ptolemaic) acquired its final form. In the II century. AD for many years he was librarian of the Library of Alexandria.

Kirill (Konstantin) Solunsky (827-c. 870) - one of the Solunsky brothers, the founders of the Slavic alphabet, was a librarian of the patriarchal library in Constantinople.

Richard de Bury (1287-1345), statesman and church leader, educator of the future English king Edward III, for several years was the keeper of the university library in Oxford. The owner of one of the best private libraries in England, he searched for manuscripts in English monasteries, took them (with the permission of the king) or gave them to be copied. While on diplomatic missions in Italy, Germany, and France, he visited book depositories and purchased books there for his library. Richard de Bury is the author of the famous book “Philobiblon” (“Love Books”), the oldest monument to bibliophilia of the Middle Ages. He donated this book, along with his entire book collection of 1,500 volumes, to the Oxford University library.

Robert Burton , (1577-1640), English clergyman, writer and scientist, author of the encyclopedic work “The Anatomy of Melancholy”. Educated at Oxford University.
All his life he worked as a librarian at Christ Church College, Oxford University.

Antonio Magliabecchi (1633-1714), Italian librarian and scientist, developed a phenomenal ability to remember what he saw or heard once. Antonio Magliabecchi became so famous that the Duke of Florence appointed him keeper of the Laurentian Library, which was one of the largest and most famous in those days. Contemporaries claimed that he managed to read and remember all the contents of a huge book depository. In addition, he obtained catalogs of all major European libraries and arranged their contents according to his immense memory. They say that one day the Grand Duke became interested in a book, and Magliabecchi, who happened to be nearby, immediately responded: “It is impossible to get this book. There is only one copy of it, and it is in the Sultan’s library. From the entrance to the right, in the second cabinet, is the seventh volume.”

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716), German philosopher, mathematician, physicist and inventor, lawyer, historian, linguist, astrologer, from 1690 he headed the Court Library in Wolfenbüttel, which was then the largest in Europe and the world, for 23 years combining this activity with management of the Court Library in Hanover. It was here that he was able to realize many of his library ideas. Leibniz's library activities were much broader than those of most other scientists who worked as librarians. In a number of his works, he considers books and libraries as a kind of tools for obtaining knowledge. The library collection, in his opinion, should have intellectual and scientific value and encyclopedicly cover all knowledge. A library is one of the links in an integrated knowledge system, including archives, publishing houses, printing houses, educational institutions, scientific and cultural institutions. Leibniz developed a holistic concept of a scientific library.

Johann-Daniil (Ivan Danilovich) Schumacher (1690–1761) is considered the first professional Russian librarian by position. Schumacher was commissioned to create a library based on the collection of books collected in the Summer Palace in St. Petersburg. Books were brought from Germany, Poland, Finland, and from provinces conquered during the Northern War. It took ten years for the library to be assembled. In 1721, Peter I sent Schumacher abroad, instructing him to familiarize himself with the structure of libraries in different countries and buy the books needed for Russia. A year later, returning to Russia, he wrote a report on his journey, which is considered one of the earliest domestic secular documents on librarianship. In 1724, the Academy of Sciences was opened, and Schumacher was appointed its librarian. He was called the “chief commander under the president,” that is, in fact, he became the second person after the President of the Academy; in the absence of the President, he performed his duties. In fact, Schumacher created a library of a new type for Russia: it was public, had a fairly complete and varied collection of scientific books, a systematic arrangement, and a detailed catalog (which was soon published in the form of a four-volume set). From abroad, Schumacher brought dozens of catalogs of various libraries (Roman Caesar, Berlin, Oxford, Cambridge and others). European contemporaries highly appreciated both the contents of the library and the order in it. A good organizer, Schumacher attached great importance to the interior of the library and ease of work.

David Hume, (1711-1776), Scottish philosopher and historian, representative of empiricism, psychological atomism, nominalism and skepticism, publicist, one of the largest figures of the Scottish Enlightenment. In 1752 he was elected librarian by the Edinburgh Lawyers' Society. The library's collection contained about 30 thousand volumes.

Gotthold Ephraim Lessing , (1729-1781) German poet, playwright, art theorist and literary critic-educator, founder of German classical literature. In 1769 he became court librarian in Brunswick.

Denis Diderot(1713-1784), French writer, educational philosopher and playwright, who founded the Encyclopedia, or Explanatory Dictionary of Sciences, Arts and Crafts. Foreign honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. In 1765, Russian Empress Catherine II acquired his library, paying him 50 thousand livres. In 1773, Denis Diderot visited Russia at the invitation of Catherine II? From 1773 to 1774 he was the personal librarian of Empress Catherine II.

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), being a privatdozent, applied for the position of assistant librarian, since, according to the university charter, privatdozents did not receive a salary. The position of assistant librarian to him, as “Master Kant, a capable and famous for his learned writings,” as stated in the royal decree, was granted, and for 15 years, while waiting for a professorship, Kant served in the Königsberg Palace Library.

Giacomo Girolamo Casanova (1725 – 1798), famous Italian adventurer, travel writer, author of many historical essays, the fantasy novel “Iskameron” and a popular memoir called “The Story of My Life,” in which he characterized the morals of the era. Thanks to this book, he became so famous for his numerous love affairs that his very name became a household name and is now used to mean “female seducer.”
Having left Venice in 1782 after another scandal, he rushed around Europe for three years until he got a job as a librarian in the castle of Count Wallenstein in Bohemia. Here, in the town of Dux, on June 4, 1798, he ended his days.

Johann Wolfgang Goethe (1749-1832), great German poet, statesman, thinker and natural scientist. In 1797, Goethe became commissioner of the “Supreme Administration of Independent Institutions for the Arts and Sciences” at the court of the Duke of Weimar, having received the Weimar Theater and the Weimar Library under his control, and paid much attention to the development of libraries and the organization of their work.

Alexey Nikolaevich Olenin (1763-1843), famous scientist and statesman, president of the Academy of Arts, collector of Russian antiquities, archaeographer, bibliophile, in 1811 became the first director of the Imperial Public Library. At that time, it was staffed mainly by people who knew Polish or French. Olenin is recruiting new people who, in his opinion, are capable of forming and maintaining the national library of Russia. This is the poet and translator N.I. Gnedich, fabulist I.A. Krylov, linguist A.Kh. Vostokov and other leading cultural figures of that time. He considered one of the most important tasks of the library to be collecting all Russian printed books; A special Russian branch was created in the library, this emphasized its national character. Olenin headed the Imperial Public Library for about 35 years, from 1808 to 1843. His energy, initiative, and high reputation contributed to the formation of the image of the library as a leading scientific and cultural center in Russia.

Ivan Andreevich Krylov (1769–1844), a great fabulist, from 1812 until almost his death he worked in the Russian department of the Imperial Public Library of St. Petersburg, first as an assistant librarian, then as a librarian, and finally as head of the Russian department. The main task of the library was to create a collection of books in Russian, and Krylov was actively involved in this. Through his connections with publishers and booksellers, books were often purchased at half price or donated to the library. Having served in the library for almost 30 years, I.A. Krylov compiled a catalog of Russian books and received the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th degree. He lived next to the library, in a small apartment.

Alexander Khristoforovich Vostokov (1781-1864), Slavic philologist, poet, paleographer, archaeographer; For almost thirty years he worked in the manuscript department (Manuscript Depot) at the Imperial Public Library in St. Petersburg.

Jacob Grimm, (1785-1863), brother of Wilhelm Grimm, philologist and storyteller, founder of the mythological school in folklore (book “German Mythology”, 1835). The books on the history and grammar of the German language published by the Grimm brothers were an incentive to formulate German studies and linguistics into an independent scientific discipline. In 1808 he became the personal librarian of Napoleon Bonaparte's brother, Jerome Bonaparte, then King of Westphalia.

Mikhail Nikolaevich Zagoskin (1789-1852), Russian writer, playwright, author of historical novels, director of Moscow theaters and the Moscow Armory. Acting State Councilor. From 1817 to 1818 he was an honorary librarian, and in 1818-1820 he served as an assistant librarian of the Imperial Public Library, in the Russian department with I.A. Krylov.

Nikolai Ivanovich Lobachevsky (1792-1856), outstanding Russian mathematician, one of the creators of non-Euclidean geometry, figure in university education and public education. He was the rector of Kazan University and at the same time a librarian. He signed university business papers: rector-librarian Lobachevsky. He replenished the library with the latest scientific publications in different languages, and introduced strict rules for the preservation of the collection. Even from the very Minister of Spiritual Affairs and Public Education, Golitsyn demanded that he return the books on time. And at the same time, Nikolai Ivanovich opened the university library for outside readers.

Anton Antonovich Delvig (1798-1831), baron, Russian poet, publisher and editor of the almanacs “Northern Flowers” ​​and “Snowdrop”. Already during the poet’s lifetime, his poems were set to music by Dargomyzhsky, Varlamov, Glinka, Alyabyev. Perhaps his most famous work was the still popular romance “The Nightingale,” dedicated to Alexander Pushkin and set to music by A. Alyabyev.
In 1821-1825 he served as an assistant to librarian I. A. Krylov at the Imperial Public Library.

Modest Andreevich Korf (1800-1876), from 1849 to 1861 he was director of the Imperial Public Library. Having taken over the management of the library, he made a number of changes, making this institution one of the best not only in Russia, but also in Europe. In European countries, libraries were then used mainly by scientists and specialists. The “Regulations” on the Public Library, prepared by Korff, declared the idea of ​​“common benefit.” And the library was open not for 4–5 hours, as in Europe, but from 10 am to 9 pm. At that time, by the way, it was the only free library in St. Petersburg, open to everyone, with some exceptions. Korf was the first to systematically form a fund, guided by the principles of scientificity and completeness. For the first time, funds were specifically allocated for the purchase of books. The library regularly received allowances from the emperor for the purchase of books and book collections. She also received collections from other organizations and individuals. The gifts acquired enormous proportions. Korf established the title of honorary members and honorary correspondents, who contributed to the replenishment of the library with rare books. In total, during his directorship, the collection of the Public Library grew from 640 thousand to 1 million volumes. It should, however, be said that all practical management of the library lay on the shoulders of the assistant director - V.F. Odoevsky. As a government official, Korf was an extremely busy man; he could not be in the library for weeks, and only gave orders to his assistant through notes. A talented organizer himself, he surrounded himself with no less (and in some ways more) talented and proactive assistants, listened carefully to their advice, encouraging them in every possible way.

Ludwig Bechstein (1801-1860), German writer, famous compiler of collections of folk tales. At first he was a pharmacist, but, having attracted the attention of Duke Bernhard of Meiningen with his “Sonettenkr?nze”, he received from him funds to continue his education and then a position as a librarian in Meiningen.

Vladimir Fedorovich Odoevsky (1803-1869), Russian writer and thinker of the Romantic era, one of the founders of Russian musicology. Publisher of a number of magazines and almanacs. From 1846 to 1861, Odoevsky was an active assistant to the director of the Imperial Public Library (first to D.I. Buturlin, then to M.A. Korfa) and head of the Rumyantsev Museum, custodian of its values, which later formed the basis of the Russian State Library
Odoevsky played a big role in solving all the cardinal problems of the library - updating premises, acquiring, cataloging and arranging books, serving readers.
Based on the conviction that the Public Library should promote the development of science, industry, and trade in Russia, Odoevsky insisted on purchasing foreign books on physics, chemistry, mathematics, medicine, and engineering. Possessing encyclopedic knowledge, he could name specific authors - outstanding scientists of our time and previous centuries. Like many employees, he donated his books and manuscripts to the library, in particular, he gave letters to him from Pushkin, Gogol, and Glinka. Korf assessed the activities of his assistant in the following way: “Standing at a high level in terms of his education and literary merits, he is not only the most zealous, but also the most useful collaborator for me in all new endeavors in the Library.”

Hector Berlioz (1803-1869), French composer, conductor, and musical writer of the Romantic period.
In 1839 he was appointed deputy librarian of the Paris Conservatoire. In 1850, Berlioz became chief librarian of the Paris Conservatoire. In 1856, Berlioz was elected a member of the Academy of Arts.

Apollon Nikolaevich Maikov, (1821-1897), Russian poet, corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences.
Having received an allowance from Nicholas I for a trip to Italy for the first book, he went abroad in 1842. Having seen Italy, France, Saxony and the Austrian Empire, Maikov returned to St. Petersburg in 1844 and began working as an assistant librarian at the Rumyantsev Museum.
In the last years of his life he was an active state councilor. Since 1882 - Chairman of the Committee of Foreign Censorship.

Ivan Savvich Nikitin (1824-1861), Russian poet, prose writer. In 1859, Nikitin took advantage of a loan of 3,000 rubles, received through the mediation of friends from the famous entrepreneur and philanthropist Vasily Aleksandrovich Kokorev, and opened a bookstore with a reading room in the center of Voronezh, which quickly became one of the centers of literary and social life in Voronezh. Thanks to Nikitin’s efforts, fresh magazines and newspapers arrived in Voronezh no more than a week after publication. He gave reading materials to the poor for free.

Vladimir Vasilievich Stasov (1824-1906), an outstanding art historian, art and music critic, worked at the Public Library in St. Petersburg for more than fifty years (from 1855 to 1906). In 1872, he was appointed head of the Art Department, then repeatedly served as head of the library.

Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov , (1829-1903, Moscow), Russian religious thinker and futurist philosopher, leader in library science, innovative teacher.
Since 1874, he held the position of librarian of the Rumyantsev Museum, where he remained for a quarter of a century. In the last years of his life he worked as a librarian in the reading room of the Moscow Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In the Rumyantsev Museum, Fedorov compiled the first systematic catalog of books. Due to the nature of his work, he met a variety of people and was acquainted with Russian celebrities - writers, poets, philosophers. His original and deep personality aroused the interest of many, and, of course, attracted the public, who wanted to get acquainted with his philosophical views, to the discussion club, which was visited here, in the Rumyantsev Museum, on Sundays by many of his outstanding contemporaries. No wonder Nikolai Fedorov was called the “Moscow Socrates”. Libraries occupied a special place in Fedorov’s life and philosophy. He believed that this is where spiritual communication with great ancestors takes place; libraries, in his opinion, should become centers of public life, like temples, where people take possession of the enormous cultural and scientific heritage of their ancestors. And he himself was not just an “ideal librarian” and bibliographer by the grace of God, but above all a philosopher of the book. “The book as an expression of words, thoughts and knowledge,” wrote Fedorov, “occupies the highest place among the monuments of the past.” Fedorov was a promoter of the ideas of international book exchange, the use of books from private collections by libraries, and the organization of exhibition departments in libraries. At the same time, he was an opponent of the copyright system, since he believed that it contradicted the needs and functions of libraries. In Russia today, Fedorov’s ideas are developed and disseminated by the Fedorov movement. There is a Museum-Library of N.F. in Moscow. Fedorov.

Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), English philosopher, esthete, writer, poet of Irish descent. One of the most famous playwrights of the late Victorian period.
During his stay in prison (1895 - 1897) he worked as a librarian in the prison library.

Nikolai Alexandrovich Rubakin (1862-1946), Russian book scholar, bibliographer, popularizer of science and writer. He opened his own library in St. Petersburg, which was based on his mother’s 6,000-strong library. The library became the base for Sunday schools for workers; the fund included not only fiction, teaching aids, but also illegal literature; in fact, the library was also a meeting place for illegal immigrants. By 1907, its fund had increased more than 15 times; it was used by writers, professors, scientists, many workers were subscribers to the library.
He was elected an honorary member of the Russian Bibliographical Society, the Russian Bibliological Society, and a full member of the Society of Lovers of Russian Literature at Moscow University. In 1916 he was elected a member of the International Bibliographical Institute. The most famous is Rubakin’s fundamental work “Among Books,” which has no analogues in the world bibliography.
Rubakin spent many years developing the theory of bibliopsychology. He was a member of the section of bibliological psychology at the Zh.Zh. Pedagogical Institute. Rousseau in Geneva, and in 1929, on the basis of his library, he transformed the section into the International Institute of Bibliological Psychology. In 1921 in Paris he published in French “Introduction to bibliological psychology” in 2 volumes, in 1928–29. “The Psychology of the Reader and the Book” was published in Moscow.
His merits as a scientist and writer are recognized in Russia and throughout the world. The Soviet government assigned Rubakin (although he was an emigrant) a special personal pension, which allowed him to live and work until the end of his days. With the same money, he maintained a library, which he bequeathed to the Lenin Library, where it is located, forming a special fund of 100,000 volumes - the “Russian Federation fund”. He donated another library - the same in size - in 1907 to the St. Petersburg department of the All-Russian League of Education.

Ivan Alekseevich Bunin (1870-1953), Russian writer and poet, the first Nobel Prize laureate in literature from Russia (1933).
Living in Poltava in 1891, he worked as a librarian for the zemstvo government.

Lyubov Borisovna Khavkina (1871-1949) - Russian theorist and organizer of library science, a major librarian and bibliographer.
She began her career as an ordinary librarian in the first public library of Kharkov (now the Korolenko State Scientific Library) and worked there for more than 20 years (until 1912) with short breaks (during one of these “breaks” she graduated from the Faculty of Philology of the University of Berlin). On her initiative, a music and music department, a library science department, and a library museum were opened in this library for the first time in Russia.
In 1904, Khavkina proposed the first project in Russia for organizing library education.
Khavkina became the organizer of Library courses, which became part of the first Scientific Research Office in the USSR, and then the Institute of Library Science. In the 20s, Khavkina was the director of these institutions. Foreign business trips gave her the opportunity to get acquainted with the latest achievements of librarianship in Western Europe, the USA, Canada and take part in two international library congresses.
The list of Khavkina’s works includes more than 500 books and articles – scientific and popular science. The most famous and recognized by specialists are “Ketter’s Three-Digit Author Tables”, which still play an important role in organizing the collections of Russian libraries and “Union Catalogues”. Khavkina also translated fiction from six languages.

Mikhail Mikhailovich Prishvin (1873-1954), Russian Soviet writer, prose writer, publicist. After graduating from the Faculty of Science at the University of Leipzig, he worked as an agronomist, and for a number of years was a rural teacher and librarian.

Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky (1882-1969), Russian Soviet poet, publicist, literary critic, translator and literary critic, children's writer. In 1957, with his own money, he built and stocked a children’s library in the village of Peredelkino with books, and he was also the main employee of the library. Subsequently, he presented it to the village Council. Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky annually held two book festivals: “Hello, Summer” and “Farewell, Summer.”

Jorge Luis Borges (1899-1986), Argentine prose writer, poet and publicist.
From 1955 to 1973 he served as director of the National Library of Argentina. He, in particular, wrote: “I wanted to save from oblivion the boundless and contradictory Library, where the vertical deserts of changing books endlessly transform into each other, erecting, tearing down and confusing everything in the world, like a God in a fever...”

Margarita Ivanovna Rudomino (1900-1990), founder and first director of the Library of Foreign Literature.
Her library career began in 1918 as a school librarian. In 1921 she moved to Moscow. In 1921-1926 she studied at Moscow State University. In July 1921, she was appointed head of the newly organized library at the Neophilological Institute. In August 1921, the institute was liquidated, and the library, on the initiative of Rudomino and with the permission of the People's Commissariat for Education, was reorganized into an independent institution, the Neophilological Library (since 1924 - the State Library of Foreign Literature, now the All-Russian State Library of Foreign Literature named after M.I. Rudomino.).
Rudomino significantly replenished the library collection after the end of the Great Patriotic War; in 1945, for six months she was engaged in selecting literature in Germany for reparations (for this trip she was awarded the military rank of lieutenant colonel).
Rudomino was also at the origins of the Soviet system of teaching foreign languages: on the basis of the Higher Courses of Foreign Languages ​​created in 1926 at her library, the Moscow Institute of New Languages ​​was organized in 1930, and in parallel she formed the library of Higher Courses of Foreign Languages.
In 1970, Margarita Ivanovna Rudomino was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor (in 1972, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor was also awarded to the library).
In 1990, by order of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, VGBIL was named after M.I. Rudomino.

Annie Schmidt(1911-1995), Dutch writer, first winner of the State Prize of the Netherlands for the best book for children and youth, winner of the H. C. Andersen Gold Medal.
Her parents sent her to take library courses. At first she thought it was very boring. But then she became interested in the profession and soon became the director of a large library in the Netherlands.

Philip Larkin (1922-1985), British poet, writer and jazz critic. For his literary merits he was awarded the Order of the Knights of Glory and the Order of the British Empire.
Since 1943, he worked as a librarian at various colleges and universities. In 1955, he was appointed director of the library at the University of Hull, where he worked until the end of his life. This work was a real calling for him; Larkin created one of the best book depositories in England.

Franz Ellens (1881-1972), real name Frederic van Ermengem, Belgian writer, wrote in French. One of the leaders of Belgian magical realism. served as librarian in Parliament.

...What a pleasure it is to be in a good library. Looking at books is already happiness. Before you is a feast worthy of the gods: you realize that you can take part in it and fill your cup to the brim...

Charles Lamb

Of course, you can read anywhere, even in very unpretentious conditions, but still this process will give you greater pleasure if you sit in a comfortable chair, put a cup of hot tea or coffee next to you, turn on the soft light and immerse yourself in the fascinating reading of one of the books, which you take down from the shelf of your home library...

And ideas for equipping the library of your dreams can be borrowed from famous readers:

Home library of an American writer and historian Barbara Goldsmith .

“I wanted my library to be combined with a dining room, where I could be surrounded by my favorite books,” - said the famous American writer Barbara Goldsmith, who invited designer Mica Ertegün to update and decorate the apartment on Park Avenue. “Not jewelry, but books became my “Breakfast at Tiffany’s”- said Barbara Goldsmith, commenting on the chosen solution and making a remark towards the famous novel by Truman Capote. Some original items for the library-dining room were chosen at a flea market in Paris. Books, painting and light are the three main components of this beautiful library.

Home library of an American actress Diane Keaton

Hollywood actress Diane Keaton and designer Stephen Shadley chose an unusual location in her Beverly Hills home for the library. In 2007, the house underwent a major renovation and remodeling, resulting in a library with floor-to-vaulted ceiling shelves filled with art books and magnificent ceramics in the two-level hall. “The library creates a mood and cleanses everyone who enters the house,”- explained designer Stephen Shadley.

Stars are people just like us, they have the same things as us, but they often think more original, more inventive and more relaxed than we do. As a result, the same thing takes on a completely different look, including the home library. Let's take a look, for example, at a Parisian apartment Karl Lagrefeld (Karl Lagerfeld).

The king of fashion, creative director of Chanel Karl Lagerfeld, is a unique and original personality in every way, including his library of over 60,000 volumes, which makes it one of the largest private libraries in the world. The bookshelves in the famed couturier's Paris apartment stretch from floor to ceiling and are made of steel to support the weight of the heavy books and art albums that make up much of Lagerfeld's collection.

Woody Allen's New York apartment has an extensive and well-stocked library.

American director's home library Woody Allen (Woody Allen) can be described as cozy and stylish. In such a library it is pleasant to spend more than one or two hours reading.

The owner of this English-style library is the popular singer Sting.

Extensive library in an English house Sting (Sting) is designed in a strict classical style - dark wooden bookcases and wall panels, a magnificent staircase connecting the two floors of the library, busts of philosophers and composers, a magnificent frieze - everything is solid and solid.

No matter how shocking and frivolous she may be reputed Paris Hilton (Paris Hilton) her library in a house located in Beverly Hills can be called the dream of any sophisticated bibliophile.

In addition to the fact that Paris is the owner of one of the most extensive private libraries in the United States, she also designed her library very well - the bookcases are made of excellent wood, in harmony with the staircase railings. The glass ceiling also creates a stunning effect, opening the way to heaven.

The owner of this magnificent home library, containing 58,000 volumes, is the owner of The Mysterious Bookshop in New York and publisher Otto Penzler (Otto Penzler).

His library, decorated in Tudor style, occupies three floors in a 5,000 sq. m country house. ft. Books live on custom mahogany shelves. “People say this house is huge,” comments Mr. Penzler. “And I tell them it’s a modest-sized house that comes with a very large library.” What can I say, probably many of us would like to live like this and arrange our library like this!

And this modest home library can rightfully be called the most famous in the world - its address is 221B Baker Street, where it is located museum-apartment of the most famous private detectiveSherlock Holmes.

And this home library is located in the residence of a film director and producer George Lucas (George Lucas).

There is no doubt that the home libraries of those who create their contents and are best versed in books - famous writers - deserve special attention in our review.

Queen Detective Library Agatha Christie at her ideal and beloved estate in Greenway.

This is what the library of a classic American literature looks like William Faulkner (1897-1962) - winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature and author of the cult novels Absalom, Absalom and The Sound and the Fury.

home library Mark Twain - creator of the best images of world children's literature - Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn.

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (16461716) German philosopher, mathematician, physicist and inventor, lawyer, historian, linguist, astrologer. Born in 1646 in Leipzig. Leibniz's father, a famous lawyer, died when the boy was not even seven years old. The mother, caring about her son’s education, sent him to the Nikolai school, which was considered the best in Leipzig at that time. Gottfried spent whole days sitting in his father's library.
At the age of fifteen he entered the University of Leipzig. Officially enrolled in the Faculty of Law, he also attended lectures on philosophy, mathematics and other subjects. At the age of 18, Leibniz received a master's degree in literature and philosophy, and at 20 he defended his doctoral dissertation “On Confused Matters.” Then he chose a career as a courtier, refusing the position of professor offered to him, but continued to be actively involved in science.
In 1667, Leibniz went to Mainz to see the Elector, who invited the scientist to take part in the drafting of a new code of laws. For five years, Leibniz occupied a prominent position at the Mainz court, and in 1672 he went to France on a diplomatic mission, also wanting to get acquainted with the research of Fermat, Pascal and Newton. In 1876 he accepted the invitation of Duke Johann Friedrich and came to Hanover.
From 1676 until the end of his life, Leibniz was a historiographer and secret councilor of justice at the court of the Hanoverian dukes. He also served here as an astrologer (in particular, he compiled horoscopes) and as a librarian of the Court Library in Wolfenbüttel (it was then the largest in Europe and the world). Leibniz led this library from 1690 for 23 years, combining this activity with the leadership of the Court Library in Hanover. It was here that he was able to realize many of his library ideas.
Here he met his future lover, Sophia Charlotte, daughter of the Duchess of Hanover. She was 12 years old then and was his student. Four years later, the girl married Prince Frederick III of Brandenburg, the future King of Prussia, Frederick I. She remembered Leibniz as a dear, beloved teacher; correspondence and then meetings began between them. The founding of the Brandenburg Scientific Society (later the Berlin Academy of Sciences) in Berlin in 1700 finally brought Leibniz closer to the queen. Leibniz was appointed the first president of the Society.
In 1697, Leibniz first met with Peter I, who took a trip to Holland to study maritime affairs. Then Leibniz sketched out a project for educational reform and a project for the establishment of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. In the fall of the following year, Peter arrived in Carlsbad. During this journey, the plan for the Academy of Sciences was worked out in every detail by Leibniz.
Leibniz sought to synthesize everything rational in previous philosophy and the latest scientific knowledge on the basis of the methodology he proposed, the most important requirements of which were the universality and rigor of philosophical reasoning. His philosophical system monadology is based on the idea of ​​the physical world as a sensory expression of the world of monads the primary elements of the true, intelligible world. He developed the doctrine of the relativity of space, time and motion, and formulated the law of “conservation of living forces,” which was the first formulation of the law of conservation of energy.
Leibniz anticipated the principles of modern mathematical logic and was one of the creators of differential and integral calculus and the binary number system. He designed the first mechanical adding machine, capable of adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing.
Leibniz's ideas in the field of astrometeorology have not lost their significance to this day; It was he who first pointed out the connection between fluctuations in barometer readings and the weather.
Leibniz's library activities were much broader than those of most other scientists who worked as librarians. In a number of his works, he considers books and libraries as a kind of tools for obtaining knowledge. The library collection, in his opinion, should have intellectual and scientific value and encyclopedicly cover all knowledge. A library is one of the links in an integrated knowledge system, including archives, publishing houses, printing houses, educational institutions, scientific and cultural institutions.
Leibniz developed a holistic concept of a scientific library. One of the elements of this concept is the need to prepare annotated lists of new publications at semi-annual intervals. He approached the Austrian Duke Leopold I with this proposal, but did not receive support.
Instead of the catalogs of the Frankfurt and Leipzig book fairs, which indicated only the author and title of the book, Leibniz proposed preparing reviews with biographies of writers, analysis of their work, analysis of the work and excerpts from it. He believed that the government would be able, through such surveys, to obtain information about the ideas circulating in society, and, consequently, to control them.
He proposed creating a consolidated catalog of all libraries in the country. He proposed creating a special library, the collections of which would contain the most necessary books for society.

Johann-Daniil (Ivan Danilovich) Schumacher (1690-1761) is considered the first professional domestic librarian by position. Before this, the “title of librarian” was a very honorable one, given by special order. Anyone who held such a title was recognized as a literate person, familiar with the art of collecting books and storing them.
The German Schumacher was from Alsace, which at that time belonged to France. Graduated from the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Strasbourg. In 1714, he was invited to serve in Russia, where he was initially the secretary of the Medical Chancellery. Being an active, dexterous and diplomatic man, Schumacher gradually won the favor of many influential figures and the Tsar himself.
At the same time, based on the collection of books collected in the Summer Palace in St. Petersburg, it was decided to create a library, and then around it the Academy of Sciences. It was Schumacher who was tasked with creating the library. Books were brought from Germany, Poland, Finland, and from provinces conquered during the Northern War. It took ten years for the library to be assembled. In 1721, Peter I sent Schumacher abroad, instructing him to familiarize himself with the structure of libraries in different countries and buy the books needed for Russia. A year later, returning to Russia, he wrote a report on his journey, which is considered one of the earliest domestic secular documents on librarianship.
In 1724, the Academy of Sciences was opened, and Schumacher was appointed its librarian. He was called the “chief commander under the president,” that is, in fact, he became the second person after the President of the Academy; in the absence of the President, he performed his duties. He was given a salary of 1200 rubles. in year; this was comparable to the salary of the highest officials of Russia and one and a half to two times higher than the salary of the governor. Academicians received an average of 1000 rubles, professors 660 rubles.
In fact, Schumacher created a library of a new type for Russia: it was public, had a fairly complete and varied collection of scientific books, a systematic arrangement, and a detailed catalog (which was soon published in the form of a four-volume set). From abroad, Schumacher brought dozens of catalogs of various libraries (Roman Caesar, Berlin, Oxford, Cambridge and others). European contemporaries highly appreciated both the contents of the library and the order in it. A good organizer, Schumacher attached great importance to the interior of the library and ease of work.
The attitude towards Schumacher at the Academy, judging by the surviving sources, was different; they called him an evil genius, an enemy of the advancement of Russian people into the Academy, and a personal enemy of Lomonosov himself. In his position as head of the academic chancellery (which he also held), Schumacher probably acted like an autocratic bureaucrat. In 1742, he was removed from his post and even put under house arrest, but then he was returned to the Academy.

Andrei Ivanovich Bogdanov, one of the first Russian bibliologists, linguist, author of the first work on the history of St. Petersburg, was born in 1692 in St. Petersburg. His father was a gunpowder master. Until the age of seven, the boy helped his father, then he entered the service of the city printing house, and after 1727 he worked as a printer in an academic printing house.

In 1730, Bogdanov submitted requests for transfer to the library of the Academy of Sciences. It was satisfied, and Andrei Ivanovich became the de facto head of the Russian department of the library. In 1737 he was given the title of "librarian's assistant".

Bogdanov described the collection of manuscripts of Feofan Prokopovich, which arrived at the library after the death of this famous religious and statesman and writer. He also compiled “registers” of books and manuscripts confiscated from several disgraced figures and transferred to the library.

Andrei Ivanovich actively participated in the preparation of the first printed description of the manuscripts stored in the library of the Academy of Sciences - the so-called “Chamber Catalog”. After the book was published in 1742, he continued to update the catalog with information about new manuscripts and publications arriving at the library, specifying the names of their former owners. Scrupulousness and hard work helped him a lot both in these works and in his work on the manuscript under the long, as was customary in those years, title “A Brief Introduction and Historical Research on the Beginning and Production in General of All ABC Words, With which the Whole World Now Writes and with Which All Things a book essay is being compiled, along with the introduction of history and about our Russian alphabet words.” This was the first original repertoire of Russian books in Russia; unfortunately, it was fully published only two hundred years later, in 1958. It must be emphasized that the repertoire has an independent classification scheme for sciences, included in the bibliographic part. In those years, the term “book science” did not yet exist; Bogdanov himself considered this area of ​​scientific work to be a “Slovak science.” But he was the first Russian book scholar; It is no coincidence that one of the parts of this work of his is called “A Brief Introduction to Russian Authors, Who Published What Books and Various Translations in Russian, and the Following News”; the other part contains a biobibliographic dictionary.

For many years, Andrei Ivanovich collected and processed information on the history of St. Petersburg. The result was the essay “Historical, geographical and topographical description of St. Petersburg from the beginning of its establishment, from 1703 to 1751.” This work contained the most important facts from the history of early St. Petersburg, as well as information on geography, toponymy, administrative structure, and the city’s population; it was, in fact, an encyclopedia of metropolitan life in the first half of the 18th century. It was supposed to be published for the fiftieth anniversary of the capital of the Russian state, which was to be celebrated in 1753. But the language of the manuscript was too heavy; the secular work literally grated with archaic Church Slavonic vocabulary. In an edited and shortened form, this text was published after Bogdanov’s death in 1779.

Since people learned to write, they have entrusted all their wisdom to books. Writers, scientists and philosophers sought to capture their knowledge, their experience, their thoughts on clay scrolls and parchment codices, preserving them for posterity. Since time immemorial, libraries have appeared - storehouses of wisdom.

Pharmacy for the soul and its priests. The librarian profession appeared with the emergence of the first book depositories. Outstanding scientists, writers, and poets were invited to this position. In the 19th century, becoming an honorary librarian - there was such a title - was even more difficult than becoming an academician. In the 19th century, becoming an honorary librarian - there was such a title - was even more difficult than becoming an academician.

Famous librarians The ancient Greek scientist and poet Callimachus (BC) headed the famous Library of Alexandria. Having done a titanic job, he compiled a catalog of her books, which took up as many as 120 volumes. Chinese philosopher, Lao Tzu, who lived in the centuries. BC, was a historiographer and librarian Cyril (Constantine) (827 - ca. 870) - one of the Solunsky brothers, founders of the Slavic alphabet, was a librarian of the patriarchal library in Constantinople.

Ashurbanipal Grand Library (668 – 630/627 BC) During the reign of Ashurbanipal, the Assyrian power (in the north of Mesopotamia) expanded its geographical boundaries more than ever. However, this king became famous not only for his military exploits: being a keen connoisseur of literature, he collected more than clay tablets with artistic, historical and scientific texts in his palace in Nineveh.

Russian archaeologist, historian, artist Alexey Nikolaevich Olenin (1753 – 1843) was the director of the Public Library in St. Petersburg since 1811. The famous English chemist, philosopher and theologian Joseph Priestley (1733 – 1804) worked as a librarian for the Marquis of Lansdowne. The German philosopher Jacob Grimm (1785 - 1863) in 1808 received a job as a librarian in the royal library, with decent content and a lot of free time, so that his brother Wilhelm could completely devote himself to scientific and literary works.

The great Russian fabulist Ivan Andreevich Krylov (1769 - 1844) from 1812 and almost until his death worked at the Imperial Public Library of St. Petersburg as a librarian. Having served in the library for almost 30 years, I.A. Krylov compiled a catalog of Russian books and received the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th degree. HE lived near the library, in a small apartment, Krylov liked the service, because he was surrounded by books - the companions of his whole life.

Poet, publisher and editor of the almanacs “Northern Flowers” ​​and “Snowdrop” Anton Antonovich Delvig (1798 – 1831), having graduated from the Lyceum, served in various departments, and from 1820 was an assistant librarian at the Imperial Public Library under the command of I.A. Krylov Famous Swedish novelist and playwright Johan August Strindberg (1849 - 1912) before becoming a writer, he changed many professions: he was a teacher, a telegraph operator, he served in the theater, he was engaged in painting, and he was a librarian. The French philosopher, educator and writer Denis Diderot (1713 - 1784), after publishing the Encyclopedia, or Explanatory Dictionary of Sciences, Arts and Crafts (35 volumes) together with academician D'Alembert, was literally ruined. What saved him was Catherine II’s offer to purchase his library, leaving it for lifelong use and appointing Diderot as its custodian. Diderot arrived in St. Petersburg in September 1773 and stayed in Russia until March 1774.

The French composer and music critic Hector Berlioz (1803 – 1869) was appointed librarian of the Paris Conservatory in 1839. The outstanding French poet, founder of the “Parnassian” school Lecomte de Lisle (1818 – 1894), having quarreled with his family, was in poverty for a long time, but thanks to the position of librarian of the Senate his financial situation has improved significantly.

The Russian poet Ivan Savvich Nikitin (1824 - 1861) opened a bookstore with a library-reading room in his hometown of Voronezh in 1859. Thanks to Nikitin’s efforts, fresh magazines and newspapers arrived in Voronezh no more than a week after publication. He gave reading materials to the poor for free.

–Russian poet Apollo Maikov (1821 – 1897) was the librarian of the Rumyantsev Museum before it was moved to Moscow. –The famous Russian writer, author of historical novels Mikhail Nikolaevich Zagoskin (1789 – 1852) was an honorary librarian from 1817 to 1818, and from 1818 to 1820 he worked as an assistant librarian in the Russian department with I.A. Krylov.

The author of the famous “The Little Humpbacked Horse,” Pyotr Pavlovich Ershov (), returned to his hometown of Tobolsk and worked as a teacher at the Tobolsk gymnasium. There was a library at the gymnasium, for which P. Ershov did a lot: he copied the catalog in calligraphy and significantly increased the book collection.

The outstanding art historian, art and music critic Vladimir Vasilyevich Stasov () worked at the Public Library in St. Petersburg for more than fifty years (from 1855 to 1906). In 1872, he was appointed head of the Art Department, then repeatedly served as head of the library.

The Russian writer, translator, literary critic and linguist Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky (1882 - 1969) in 1957 opened a children's library on the territory of his dacha in Peredelkino, built with his own savings. Subsequently, he presented it to the village Council. “Children's Man” Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky annually held two book festivals: “Hello, Summer” and “Farewell Summer”.

“Book House” The first libraries in Rus' appeared during the times of Kievan Rus. The chronicle says that Prince Yaroslav the Wise in 1037 gathered many scribes in Kyiv, who “copied many books.” “The prince placed some of these books in the St. Sophia church”, founding the first library. “Library” is a Greek word, translated means “biblio” - book, “theka” - storage.

“A good library is a bookish reflection of the Universe.” N.A. Rubakin The Russian State Children's Library (RGDL) is the world's largest library for children. It is now located on one of the central squares of Moscow, the ancient Kaluga Square on the Garden Ring. Her story began at the end of 1969. In 1987, the library moved to a building specially built for it with a total area of ​​sq.m.

July 1, 2012 marks the 150th anniversary of the founding of the Russian State Library in 1862 - the largest Russian public library (former name of the State Library of the USSR named after V.I. Lenin, “Leninka”. Renamed on January 29, 1992). Created on the basis of the library of the Rumyantsev Museum, it has a universal collection of domestic and foreign documents in 367 languages. In addition to the main book collection, the collections of the Russian State Library contain more than 150 thousand maps, 350 thousand sheet music and sound recordings of rare books, editions of dissertations, newspapers, etc. There are rare books dating back to 1092, rare handwritten books, books from the end of the 14th century. early 15th centuries; printed books from the mid-16th century, Russian periodicals. “A public library is an open table of ideas to which everyone is invited” A.I. Herzen

Otyrar Library Otrar, an ancient city located on the banks of the Syrdarya River, lay at the crossroads of the Great Silk Road. There were several madrassas in the city. The madrasah was taught by learned men who devoted their entire lives to science. Books were brought to Otyrar from all over the world. They were collected in the city library. This is the Otyrar Library. She became famous throughout the world for her rare and valuable books. The Otyrar Library, once famous throughout the world, according to legend, was burned by the soldiers of Genghis Khan.

“Begalinka,” as Almaty residents affectionately call it, is located in a building that is a historical and architectural monument of republican significance. The data bank is the second, after the National Library, has two of its own websites on the Internet, the Academy of Young Artists operates at the library, numerous book and illustrative exhibitions, conferences, meetings with writers, artists, and filmmakers are held. They help school librarians, teachers, and introduce children from kindergartens to reading. The library has an Internet class, conducts educational hours for primary school teachers, and holds international conferences with the French Alliance, the British Council, and the Goethe Institute. They organize reading programs for their readers in English, German, and French. They produce unique manuals, calendars and albums, CDs. All this has been led by the director of the State Children's Library for more than 20 years, Sofia Kumarovna Raeva.

“Love for the native land is the basis of spiritual culture” D.S. Likhachev The local history bibliography sector of the information and bibliographic department will satisfy all your requests The library has a unique reference apparatus: * fund of local history reference publications and bibliographic aids * local history catalog in Kazakh and Russian languages ​​* thematic folders – dossier * archive of completed certificates

“As long as the library is alive, the people are alive; if it dies, our past and future will die.” D.S. Likhachev. At your service: Children's and youth reading rooms Children's and youth reading rooms Subscriptions by age Subscriptions by age Hall of catalogs and card files Hall of catalogs and card files Hall of literature on art Hall of literature on art Music library and art library Music library and art library Video room Video room Methodological and bibliographic departments Methodological and bibliographic departments

“Reading is the best teaching” A.S. Pushkin Central Children's Library named after. A.S. Pushkin is an information and cultural center for schools located in our area. Library fund: books, 58 titles of newspapers and magazines in Kazakh and Russian languages. The library has: *Collection of books and periodicals on all branches of knowledge; * Catalogs; * Catalogs; Systematic, Alphabetical; * Card indexes: Local history, To help the school curriculum, “Attention! New books."

“Libraries are treasuries of all the riches of the human spirit.” G. Leibniz Central City Hospital named after. A.M. Gorky has 5 departments: Reader Service Department (subscription, reading room); Department of processing and acquisition of literature Methodological and bibliographic department Department of organization and use of a single fund ORF sector (exchange - reserve fund)

I am sitting in the library, full of vague dreams, while books with golden spines look at me. And I dream: in those books the souls of the authors are hidden; Their suffering and feelings are merged in those printed sheets. Everything that burned and tormented them, all their thoughts and aspirations. The very air here is sacred, here with invisible wings the Shadows of the great authors blow in the air above us. ABOUT! I hear: great strings of souls hover here, And from their invisible wings the pages of newspapers rustle... Liodor Palmin

“Modern man is in front of the Guild of Libraries in the position of a gold digger who needs to select grains of gold in a mass of sand” S. I. Vavilov. “In the library you don’t just read - you live in the world of books, they captivate, they are not so silent. Everything is beautiful there, especially the silence. Nowhere is there such a kind of silence as in the library - with the rustle of turning pages, with quiet conversation while checking out. There is a living silence in the library. It doesn’t give me peace, but a slight excitement, a solemn mood.” With Soloveitchik. “A house without books is like a body without a soul.” Cicero