Deformation - This is a change in the size or shape of a solid under the action of external forces. Applicable tires can be distinguished two types of deformations:
- Functional deformation;
- Critical deformation.
Functional deformation Included in the circle of responsibilities that modern tire must be performed. Namely - to deform, reducing the vibration and noise effect on the car and the driver, which occurs when rolling the tire on the surface of the road. The flexibility of the bus structure, as well as the correct pressure inside allow the bus without problems to perform this function, while performing a huge amount of deformations per unit of time without negative consequences.
Critical deformation It is precisely characterized by the fact that the investigation can be a complete or partial destruction of the tire, excluding its further use. Critical deformations include:
Warehouse;
Arising from long standing car;
Which is a consequence of a pressure of pressure below the recommended;
Shock with the destruction of the sidewall.
Tire deformation arising from improper storage
Damage that receives a bus in violation of the tire storage rules are fairly common operational damage that are not a consequence of the execution of the bus of their functions. Among this type of critical deformations, the following tire damage is found:
- flying of the side rings arising from long-term storage tires "Christmas tree". Unfortunately, storage in this way is very common practice, although tire manufacturers recommend using it only the limited time required for tire transport. The fracture ring is an unrepretentious defect, and it is not recommended to install such tires on the disks.
How to avoid:
Need carefully inspect new tires when receiving: Tire rings must have a strict round shape without a minimal break. In addition, during long-term storage, it is recommended to put tires on the protector, in a vertical position using special racks that do not damaging tires.
- curvating a tire when storing in stacks . Such a storage method is still often found, and it is also particularly dangerous for those tires, which was at the bottom of the stacks. And the higher the design, the stronger the bottom tires suffer. Such storage can lead to internal tire curvature, which, in turn, can cause tire injections to the side, as well as to unregulated imbalance or vibration.
How to avoid:
Buy tires in and avoid those stores where in the trading hall there is a huge amount of stack of tires (more than four tires height). Since the internal curvature of the bus cannot be seen when visual inspection, and only the balancing machine will help to identify the first signs of tire problems. When storing tires, the owner must also avoid storing a stack, even if the amount of tires is limited to four.
Tire deformation arising during a long standing car
Few people know that tires may be damaged and from long stay in vertical position, with air inside. As a rule, this is possible when the car parking is in one place. Such a position deforms the tire, depriving it perfectly round shape. When driving, vibrations may appear on such a tire. It is possible and unrestrepreneable damage to the internal structure of the tire, especially in tires, former long time in operation.
How to avoid:
In technical documents it is recommended to limit the term of such a long stay up to two days for cars with full loading and up to ten days for unloaded vehicles. If you need a longer parking lot, you should reduce the load on the tires using the support or movement of the car.
Tire deformation due to low pressure ride 
One of the most common forms of critical deformation is irreversible change of tirewhich is due to the main internal pressure tire. Because of this insufficiency, ordinary working deformations become superfluous, and the walls of the tires that are not designed for excessive bending, begin to heat over the measure. Thus, the destruction of the tire itself begins. Initially, the sealing layer is destroyed: it begins to fall on the inner surface of the joint of the sidewall and the treadmill, then it is detached, a rubber namol is formed. Then the sidewall, bare to the filament of the frame, starts to crack, and the air leaves the bus. Further ride on such a tire can lead to a complete separation of the sidewall from the tread.
How to avoid:
Follow pressure. In addition to checking, you need to regularly change the valves, timely and efficiently repair the tires, prevent damage tires. Since all this can lead to slow pressure loss and to the appearance of critical tire deformation.
Tire deformation with shock load
For hit the tire in the pit, by road to an extraneous subject on the road there may be deformity of the tire, which can be completely destroyed by the product. If this happens at high speed, and the edges of the pit or the subject is sufficiently solid and sharp, then the chances of instant destruction of the tire increase significantly. In such a situation, the sidewall of the tire between the disk and the surface occurs, for example, in the pits. The impact of other factors (speed, aggressiveness of the obstacle) leads to the appearance of a drum force that breaks several threads of the frame. The weakened space of the sidewall of the tire is easily deformed by the internal pressure, and the hernia appears. Further operation of the tire is not recommended. It is worth noting that sometimes the rupture of the frame of the frame is accompanied by a breakdown of the inner and outer layers of the sidewalls of the tire, leading to the loss of pressure, which, of course, eliminates the further repair of the tire and its use.
How to avoid:
CAUTION, reducing speed, pass the road areas with a bad coating, prevent driving on border stones and other foreign objects. If bad roads are quite frequent phenomenon, it will not be superfluous to pay attention to technology protecting tires from damage. For example, Michelin's company uses IronFlex technology for some of its models (, X-Ice North 3, X-Ice 3), which reduces the likelihood of damage to the sidewall bus with shock deformation. For the same purpose, a double framework for off-road tires of the family is applied, which also reduces the likelihood of premature tire output due to damage to the framework of the frame.
Rubber is used in many household structures: various hoses, seals, adapters, automobile spare parts. Over time, the products from the specified material fail, dry, lose elasticity, become inconvenient in use. Immediately buying new items should not be, you can try to soften the rubber at home.
Restored rubber part of a method using kerosene
Rubber elements under the influence of external factors lose their original properties, become less elastic, harden. Their further use will not bring the desired effect, seals, for example, will not be able to make the system completely sealed. Buying new rubber elements is sometimes difficult due to the lack of products of the desired size or their overestimated cost.
The following substances are allowed to soften the rubber:
- Kerosene. Allows you to make rubber parts soft, affecting the structure of the material. After processing, the rubber element becomes completely elastic. Recovery technology Next:
- fill in a small container kerosene (select the size of the container depending on the size of the product to be recovered);
- place the part in the kerosene container for 3 hours;
- after the specified time, check the product for soft, if the result is satisfactory: remove the material and rinse with warm running water;
- dry material with a natural way, without the use of a hair dryer or battery.
- Alcohol is ammonia. The process of restoring the old material is as follows:
- divide the specified alcohol with water in a 1: 7 ratio;
- place the rubber material in the resulting solution for half an hour;
- after the specified time, remove the part and rinse with warm running water;
- give the items to dry completely before use.
Consider: you can not keep rubber in the solution of ammonia alcohol and water for more than an hour. If the material after 30 minutes does not become elastic, use another recovery method.
- Medical alcohol with the subsequent use of glycerol. Technology "reanimation" of rubber parts:
- fill the container with medical alcohol;
- place the part in alcohol, requiring recovery for several hours;
- after the specified time, check the condition of the product if it is soft enough, remove the element from the solution and rinse with a warm soap solution;
- carry in the surface of the glycerin detail using a sponge (rag);
- remove glycerol residues from the surface of the product.
Instead of glycerin, it is allowed to use automotive oil, it is rubbed into the surface of the product, then half an hour is maintained before using the part. During the specified period, rubber becomes quite elastic.
- Castor oil and silicone. Let's notify immediately - this method allows you to quickly "reanimate" the old rubber, but the recovery effect will last long, after a few days the product will become solid. For the specified method, follow the sequence:
- essay the part of silicone;
- wait 10 min.;
- after the specified time expires, the part can be used.
Note: A similar effect is achieved by the use of castor oil. It is rubbed into the surface of the detail, after which it becomes soft and elastic.
Heating - effective method
Tara with prepared water for boiling rubber products There are situations where the rubber element is difficult to remove from structural parts due to its hardening. It is possible to achieve the desired result. You can heating with rubber with a stream of hot air using a hairdryer. When exposed to high temperature, the material will be softer, it will be possible to pull it out of the part.
Too "conceived" element softened with boiling in salted water. Technology Next:
- fill the container with salted water;
- give liquids boil;
- place the rubber element in boiling water for 10 minutes;
- remove rubber and quickly use it by destination.
This method is quite effective, but has a short-term effect. Having cooled, the rubber will again become tough.
Conclusion
Soften the rubber can be described above. At the same time, it is necessary to consider: a long effect after recovery, has a method with kerosene. Rubber, after its use, remains soft and elastic for a long time, because the structure of the material changes. The remaining methods do not allow achieving such a result.
Tires are one of the most susceptible to wear of the parts of the car. But what to do if they wear unevenly. To begin with, it should be properly defined this non-uniformity of tire wear to determine its causes. How unevenly wear tires:
- at various places of the circle - at certain points of the tread, it is worn strongly (spots),
- on the various side of the tires - the outer, the inner side of the tire or its central area throughout the circumference,
- one tire is wears much faster than the rest,
- a pair of front or rear tires come into disrepair faster.
Let's now give the causes and consider the character of tire wear for each reason. Causes of these will consider from the most common to less common.
The tire is worn in the center or on the sides. The reason is insufficient or excessive tire pressure
Incorrectly exhaustable leads to the fact that their abrasion proceeds unevenly. Trying to identify this reason on specific worn wheels - a useless spending time. Pressure can change in each wheel in different ways, even if you always turn into all four wheels.
But this reason can be determined by the nature of the wear of the tread itself. The fact is that the untapped tire is known, it seems, and it's therefore, the sides of the working surface are extermined faster. But the pushed tires are erased faster, on the contrary, the central part, since, with overcall pressure, it is its pressure that pushes the most, as a result of which, the axis of the circle accounts for the most load.
The result of riding on the pushed (from above) and the untapped (bottom) tires
On the tire only certain areas are worn. Cause - deformed disk or broken wheel balancing
The deformed (cast, "eight", etc.) the disk can also often cause uneven wear of rubber. In this case, the wear will occur in certain places (spots) of the tread. If the disk "eight", then wear will be in the form of two stains: one on one side of the tire in a specific place, and the second is in the diametrically opposite place of the tire and on the opposite side. During deformation of the disk, the tire is wearing very quickly depending on the degree of deformation, of course.
Similar bus wear is subject to both the wheel imbalance. Although it happens much slower than with a deformed disk.
And in both cases, an additional symptom is on the steering wheel or throughout the machine. And the visual examination of the worn wheel will help reveal this deformation.
Sometimes the reason for the increased wear can also be the rubber itself - its marriage in the form of a bunting metal cord. Cord can burst if the rubber has already been significantly worn out.
Only the inner or outer side of the front wheels is wearing. The reason is the collapse of the wheels
If the alignment of the front wheels got lost, then this means that your two front wheels are not parallel to each other. They either "closer" - look ahead, a little to the center of the projection of the direction, or inclined in one or another side relative to the vertical axis.
As a result, you get excessive wear of the rubber only the front wheels or on the inside or from the external one.
If a similar situation occurred with the rear wheels, then there is a bell beam (if available) or one of the failed (perhaps also curved) suspension elements.
The outer side of the tires can also wear out due to a faulty silent block or ball.
Only one wheel flashes. The reason is something happened in the suspension or the brake clinic
If any component has been caught in your suspension, such as the flowing rack, it can lead to excessive wear of tires on this particular wheel. If any suspension item works incorrectly, the wheel will bounce anymore either will be hard to pass the road irregularities. This creates additional friction on this bus, which makes it makes much to reduce its service life and the tire tread state.
Here, as a rule, uniform wear is only tires only on one wheel.
And now imagine that you drive around the whole day with a slightly pressing the brake with your foot. This is what it is like if the clinite is some braking component, such as a caliper (its piston). This is usually only on the same wheel, and it is beaten faster because of this (uniform wear occurs).
Only the front wheels are wearing. The reason - something happened in the steering
Almost every part of the steering system may also lead to tire wear. But the speech here will only be about the front wheels, and the nature of wear can be completely different: both spots and one side of the tires along the entire circumference of the tread.
Rubber is considered one of the most common materials today. Over time, the main characteristics can significantly decrease. A rather common question can be called how to carry out rubber softening. This procedure can be performed independently at home, it is important to comply with all recommendations.
Independent restoration of rubber
All materials over time lose their operational properties. Often you can meet the situation when the rubber becomes too tight and loses its elasticity. If you wish, you can restore the basic properties of the material, it is not necessary to throw it away. You can soften the rubber with a variety of methods. Among the features of this issue, we note the following points:
- Rubber cuffs and seals of some devices over time lose their basic properties. In this case, you can buy new consumables, since their cost is relatively low.
- Some elements are difficult to find on sale, which is associated with an unusual form and properties. In this case, it is softened when applying various common technologies.
There is quite a large number of different ways to soften the rubber, the most common is to use kerosene.
What is needed to restore the elasticity of rubber?
Rubber is considered one of the most elastic materials. It is for this reason that it is used in the manufacture of various seals. After the seal stops the workload, it is able to return its dimensions. This moment determines the distribution of the issue, how to restore the elasticity of rubber. Over time, this property is also lost. With too much wear surface, cracks appear, at the expense of which the insulation qualities are significantly reduced
It is possible to soften the rubber at home when using common substances. The following substances are used;
- Kerosene can easily restore elasticity. This substance is ideal for handling small products, you can soften by soaking them.
- Summer alcohol can be used to soften the structure. To do this, it is enough to create a small bath, in which the product is lowered for several hours.
When swinging rubber in the restoration fluid, it is worth considering that the material can significantly increase in size. To remove the substance from the surface, the product is thoroughly washed with water with soap.
In some cases, it is possible to use hot water for softening rubber. This method is used to restore the insulation of the refrigerator door opening. It is possible to enhance the effect achieved by wetting the surface with silicone.
Seals from the material under consideration are also used in the production of windows. To increase the insulating qualities of the gum from time to time, silicone and glycerin are wiping. Such substances can be purchased without any problems.
How to give elasticity of rubber?
- Stiffness increases in case the rubber is long in a dry state. Elasticity is restored by wetting the surface of the oil. The softening is recommended to be carried out periodically to achieve the desired result.
- Automotive wipers can be lubricated with silicone lubricant, due to which the surface is softened. Of course, it is possible to restore the old design only in the case of the absence of mechanical defects.
In addition, special compositions can be found on sale, which can soften the structure after applying.
How to soften rubber at home?
At home, it is possible to soften the rubber when applying various materials. Received the greatest distribution:
- Kerosene.
- Castor and Silicone.
High temperature also leads to the fact that rubber becomes softer, but the wear resistance rate is reduced.
Kerosene
When considering how to soften the rubber, many pay the possibilities of using kerosene. Such a substance can restore elasticity indicator.
Features of application are that the product is swollen in a special bathroom, after which the surface is thoroughly washed and dried. If the length of the product is large, then it can be collapsed. It is maintained in kerosene for softening for several hours, as kerosene does not act immediately.
This substance has become widespread, it can also make a product softer. The procedure is as follows:
- The suitability of the appropriate volume is selected.
- The ammonia alcohol is divorced in water to obtain a demanding solution.
- The product is placed in a solution for an hour for softening.
- After that, the softened element gets and washed with clean water.
Drying is carried out at room temperature. It should be borne in mind that high and low temperatures are always negatively reflected in the state of rubber.
Silicone and Castorka
The non-elusive effect can be achieved in the case of using silicone and canopy. Among the features of the application, we note the following points:
- Silicone has only a temporary effect. It can be purchased in specialized stores.
- After lubrication, you need to wait some time. Silicone can absorb the structure by making it more elastic.
After half an hour, rubber will be ready for use. It should be borne in mind that the achieved effect will be temporary. When considering what a similar material can be softened, you can pay attention to the Caster.
The heating
In some cases, only a temporary softening is required, for example, when equipping the hose on the nozzle. It is possible to solve the problem in this case by temporarily lowering the product in a hot bathroom. After some time, the impact of high temperature elasticity rises.
With long-term operation, the rubber can cry. You can solve problems only in the case of boiling products. It is possible to significantly increase the efficiency of the procedure by adding to the salt. Boil is carried out up to the moment until the surface becomes elastic.
If there are difficulties in the removal of tubes and hoses, the heating is carried out by influencing the warm air flow. To do this, a construction or ordinary hairdryer can be used. At the concentration of high temperature air flow in one place, the plasticity increases significantly.
In conclusion, we note that only in the absence of defects it is possible to restore the material. Some recommended methods can lead to a deterioration in some operational characteristics. That is why it is necessary to comply with all the recommendations.
