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In the center of Madrid, from Autumn 2018, the movement of cars, except for electric vehicles, machines belonging to residents of the center, and special transport. This trend is not uncommon. In many major cities of the world, they annually hold "days without a car". Mexico City, Athens and Rome are going to ban diesel cars. Such measures have a reason. According to the Global Health Institute (Barcelona, \u200b\u200bSpain), due to pollution that emitted into the air by cars, 184,000 people are dying every year, mainly from heart disease and lungs. Cars and supporting infrastructure occupy up to 60% of the city area. Recent studies have shown that intensive street traffic can also lead to the development of dementia (Alzheimer's disease): in people living on the parties of large urban passages, this disease occurs in 7%. Apparently, the effect of exhaust gases affects. Cars also produce greenhouse gases leading to global climate change. Not to mention the fact that under the wheels of vehicles in the world more than a million people are daily dying, and more or less serious injuries of 78 million are obtained.
A partial ban on cars where it is carried out, already brings explicit advantages. In Paris, in the "Day without a car" on September 16, 2018, the content of stinging dioxide nitrogen along large streets decreased by 41%, and noise level - by 5%. In Brussels, the content of soot in the air on the same day decreased by 80%.
Since 2007, in order to drive through the center of Stockholm, it is necessary to pay from 15 to 35 kroons, depending on the day of the day (from midnight to 6.30 am, the fare is free). After the introduction of this measure, the number of asthma cases in children has decreased. In the center of the Spanish city of Pontevedra (Square 117 km 2) since 1999 there were no cases of death or injury under the wheels - cars are prohibited here. And more than 80% of schoolchildren of the city go to school on foot.
In cities wishing to reduce auto-movement, there are three possibilities: to prohibit internal combustion engines, leaving electric cars; To prohibit any cars and change the planning of the city and the organization of movement in such a way that you walk, bicycles and public transport become more convenient than your car. Ecologist Audrey de Nesll from the Imperial College in London believes that it is best to prohibit the movement of all cars other than those belonging to disabled and city services. According to the results of computer simulation, the health of the citizens will improve 30 times due to the reduction of accidents, air improvement and an increase in the physical activity of the population.
But most likely, for the overwhelming majority of cities, the full refusal of cars would be unreal. Since 2015, in Oslo (Norway), many streets have been turned into pedestrian and cycling, parking is prohibited in the city center. Tram lines are extended, prices for travel on city transport, buyers of electric bicycles mayor's office gives subsidy. As a result, the air of the city became one of the cleanest in Europe.
However, not everyone agrees with these modern trends. In Facebook, Oslo residents started a page against the ban of cars in the city, filled with complaints about the restriction of personal freedom of movement, a reduction in trade and tourist services. "Oslo became a ghost city!" - writes one of the users. But, in the end, the mayor's office is responsible, the ban on smoking in public buildings also infringe on the freedom of personality, and yet after a certain period of complaints, smokers calmed down and smoke at home - or just abandoned the bad habit.
05.10.2009
Seven cities where cars are prohibited
It turns out that there are still cities on the planet, whose roads did not touch the wheel of the car. Mother Nature Network portal managed to find as many as 7 such cities:1. Sark Island (United Kingdom)
Population: 560 people
Sark Island is located in the southwestern part of La Manche and enters the group of the Norman Islands. From transport on the island, only carts with horses, bicycles and tractors are allowed, however, it was also allowed to use buggy, but only if they are powered by batteries. You can only get to the island on the ferry, because there is no airport in Sarca, and even flights over the island are strictly prohibited.
2. Makinak Island (Michigan, United States)
Population: 600 people
For someone, a walk on a carriage-free carpet, it may seem extravagant romantic adventure, however, for the inhabitants of Makinaka, this is an integral part of life. Back in 1898, all engine vehicles were very prudently banned on the island, and now if you hear somewhere the sound of the engine, you can be exactly sure that this is either a snowmobile, or ambulance.
3. Medina Fez Al-Bali (Morocco)
Population: 156, 000 people
More than 156,000 people live in Fez Al-Bali, and it is considered one of the largest cities in the world where cars are not used. One of the features of the city is narrow streets: in some places their width barely exceeds 60 cm, so not only cars can not drive through medina, but also bicycles.
4. Hydra Island (Saron Island, Greece)
Population: 3, 000 people
Hydra Island is the best place to relax from traffic jams and for a while you forget about the sounds of a lively urban highway. There are prohibited all types of transport, except, perhaps, garbage trucks. The city is small, so people move mostly on foot or horses, donkeys and water taxis.
5. La Cumbresit, Argentina
Population: 345 people
La Cumbressite is called "City Pedestrian": any transport is completely banned here. You can go to the city either on foot or parked on a special parking lot at a significant distance from the main entrance. It is also noteworthy that after getting a special permission, you can arrange camping anywhere in the city.
6. Lama Island, Kenya
Population: 2,000 people
Once upon a time Lama was the center of the slave trade, now this place is attracted by tourists - not least because it was included in the list of world heritage sites as "the oldest and most preserved settlement of Swahili in East Africa." Since all types of transport are prohibited there, the most popular way to move from locals - on the donkey. In general, about 2,000-3,000 donkeys work on the island.
Today there are cities where riding a car is prohibited. What an alternative? Somewhere this is a golf kit, somewhere boats, and somewhere else is donkeys.
The most acceptable means of movement in the village of GiTHORN are plaquinity - electrobotics operating exclusively on electricity. They calmly swim under the horizontal bridges connecting the houses on different shores of the canal. Such a lifestyle is due to the geographic conditions of the village. Locals, having learned that their lands are rich in peat, digged him everywhere, where only possible. So the pits were formed, which were filled with water. Gradually, the lakes were connected by forming a chain of channels.
In the village, located in the Alpine Valley, there are no personal cars. They were banned, fearing air pollution. Even the police on the streets move on bikes, horses or on foot. Emergency and utilities still have motor vehicles, but it is only electric.
Idra, or Hydra, is a Greek island. It has the status of the reserve, so any type of transport here is prohibited: no exhaust gases polluting air. The only car is garbage truck.
All cars, including taxis, stop at the entrance to the city of Sviyazisk. This museum attractions occupies a perimeter of only 1.5 km away. It can be explored in an hour. Given such small distances, all architectural buildings are better inspecting in a hiking path, which looks out from the bus window.
Perhaps Venice refers to the most famous cities, where other than water transport is different. A couple of years ago, the authorities were banned even bicycles. Violators of the order will have to pay a fine of 50 euros. In Venice, completely surrounded by water, cars, even if they wanted, could not drive through the narrow old streets and numerous bridges. The main means of movement - gondolas, boats, small boats.
The city of Makino Island occupies the same island on Lake Huron. There are two ways to get to it: a plane and boat. On Earth island, you should forget about motor transport. The banings for motorized TS residents accepted back in 1898. Perhaps the people standing in power were far-sighted politicians: they understood that the world will fill cars and "poison" the environment. Movement on the island is possible only by bike, on horseback or on foot.
Mdina is called the city of silence. In order not to violate local prosperity, it is allowed to use cars here only those who live in the city. Neither tourists from other countries, nor even from neighboring settlements, can be sent by car in MDin.
By the way, in Vallette - the capital of Malta - too, you can not ride a car. But there it is clear: on the streets built in the XVI century, it is difficult to drive to modern transport, as the city roads were initially intended for the movement of riders and carriages.
In the mountain part of Switzerland there are villages and towns in which private vehicles are completely banned. You can have a car only hotels, taxi services and public utilities, and this car should be electric. Transportation with internal combustion engines in such settlements is not completely. As a rule, all such towns are ski resorts and about one of them I will tell you today.
To get to the camp on the car is not possible - private transport is prohibited here since 1931. In 1972 and 1986, among the locals, a referendum was held about the abolition of this ban, but the residents of Zermatt both times voted against private transport. The autocessor will have to leave his car in the nearby town of Tesh, located in six kilometers from Zermat and further either walk on foot, or go by train by running between both cereals with a 20-minute tact. I traveled on the train.
01. Coming out from the station building, I opened like this picture. This is a plotting area on which its passengers are already waiting for delivery electric cars belonging to various hotels.
02. At the phrase, the "Swiss electric car" you, like me, probably some kind of super tech vehicle, copi-like at least with a well-known Tesla. But reality is a little different.
03. Electric vehicles of Zermatt - these are such creepy boxes on batteries, devoid of not only design but at least some technologies. They even have sliding windows like in gazelles. And there is one such electric car 70,000 euros! Manual assembly, aluminum body, individual order, all things.
04. Zermatt taxi.
05. Since 1931, only the mantels were allowed in Zermit, he is still used here. Horse harnessed carts on the background of Rolex stores in this town. Standard picture. These are traditions, and traditions in Switzerland are sacred.
06. Let's start a walk around the town, the high-rise meter shows a height of 1610 meters - it is at this height the resort town is located.
07. Most of the buildings in the town - hotels. Zermatt lives only at the expense of tourists who flood this small town all year round.
08. In the photo the oldest and most luxurious Hotel Zermatt - Zermatterhof, which is included in the list of thirty-best hotels in Europe. The hotel guests are delivered both on standard cars and more classic horse crews. Zermatterhof became the first hotel built in Zermatt while the little and no one known the Swiss village decided to develop tourism. The hotel was built from 1876 to 1879 to the funds of local families, in the property of which he is currently.
09. Most of the hotels are simpler in appearance and before each parked electric vehicle with the hotel's prints on the housing.
10. There are some ancient houses and sheds in some places.
11. Even in appearance it is clear that these buildings are not one century. In any other country, these barracks would have been demolished, but in Switzerland, it is impossible to tradition. There is everything, including dilapidated sheds, as in the foreground.
12. There is a modern architecture, which origins the classic motives with its appearance.
13. During the walk, the building was completely atypical for Zermatt.
14. Which, however, also turned out to be a hotel.
15. In the courtyards there are local electric cars everywhere.
16. Another not typical building of Zermatt. Apparently, there is a school.
17. The architecture is quite extravagant, especially for the conservative Swiss town.
19. Some facilities in the back courtyard of one of the buildings. Whether this is the lighting domes of the underground garage, or the underground garbage station.
20. Zermatt positions itself as one of the most environmentally friendly resorts of the world and he has every reason for this.
21. "Electric vehicles from Switzerland - luxury, innovation, comfort." - So I see this slogan as a signature to similar pictures in the advertising avenue.
22. Apparently, there are some building standards when building hotels in Zermatte, since they are all very similar to each other. Wooden walls, stone roof - Attributes 90% of the buildings of this town.
23. Each square meter of territory radiates comfort, silence and well-being.
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25. From all sides, the town is surrounded by mountains that framed it as a gold rim diamond. The case is when beauty and inside and outside.
26. Very large percentage of Japanese among tourists. Even here in the quiet courtyards half of the people encountered from Japan.
27. Modern hotel, but built by everything according to the same classic canons.
28. Before the hotel, the sculptural composition, a source of drinking water and a shop. Everything is so perfect and clean, as if it is a scenery for filming movies, and not the streets of the real settlement. Stresses the decorative picture of the picture almost complete absence of people.
29. Another shedding saharachik.
30. Door for the gnome.
31. In the center of the town, a beautiful park has been created, which, like everyone else in Switzerland, has been brought to absolute perfection.
32. How do they manage to create so ideal landscapes?
33. Another modern hotel. Very stylish building.
34. Only natural materials are used in construction - stone and wood.
35. But what I did not expect to see in Zermat, it is classic Ukrainian gardens.
36. What are they doing here? Are people who earn huge money on tourism grow vegetables for themselves? Or is it just a hobby they have?
37. Cabbage, Lights, Zucchini. Exactly the same garden was with us when we lived in Ukraine.
38. In general, the Zermat is rather monotonous in terms of architecture - all the same typical hotel and next to them the collapsed sheds.
39. Hut on the bitter legs.
40. Mountain flow proceeds in the city center. In the height of the side, it can be understood that the spring water level here rises quite high.
41. Beauty!
42. But back to the main features of Zermatt - electric vehicles. All of them are made immediately by Stimbo, the name of which is formed from the first letters of the names of the company's creators - the Stefan brothers (ST), IMBODEN (IM) and Bruno (BO). Family enterprise began its activities in the second half of the 1980s and produces electric cars for three decades.
43. A feature of Zermatt is the conservativeness of its inhabitants, which is expressed in the reluctance to change what and so well works and brings profit. Thus, the tolerance of electric vehicles to the streets of the city faced resistance from local residents. In the course of a long history, the residents of Zermatt went on concessions, agreeing to admit electric vehicles on the streets, provided that they would be fully produced in Zermatt.
44. In this way, golden times have come for Stimbo. With the complete absence of competition, the brothers in the underground garage began to produce the simplest electric vehicles from aluminum. Thanks to the bargaining production, taking into account the manual labor, the price of the car was obtained by space - 70,000 euros for the usual passenger electric vehicle or, for example, 200,000 per tank.
45. But the inhabitants of Zermatt selection is small. Want to have transportation - either pay huge money for the trolley with an electric motor, or delivering on the cart. And immediately get the car will not work - you have to wait two to eight months from two to eight, since the company is filled with orders.
46. \u200b\u200bIn addition to compact electromotivers, Stimbo also produce electrically buses.
47. The latter look better than their younger fellow, at least a bus reminds, and not a tin can with a motor.
48. For three decades of production, the company has produced more than five hundred electric vehicles in a variety of variations and with different types of body.
49. The main symbol of the region and the most photographed mountain Alps - Matterhorn is majestically towers over the village.
50. A couple of pictures from the central streets of the town, built-up with the same hotels.
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53. The railway leading to the top of the mountain grain mountain row, which was the main goal of my visit to these places. I told about the lift to the mountain in the details in a separate post.
54. For the time that I spent upstairs in the mountains, Zermatt covered clouds and rain and the town was transformed.
55. The cable car, frozen waiting for the offensive of the next ski season.
56. Another Zermatt taxi.
57. And again the Japanese, who, judging by their number on the streets, constitute a significant part of the tourist flow in the most promoted resort of Switzerland.
58. The cable car station, which in winter, delivers skiers and snowboarders to Zermatt's ski slopes. Summer does not function.
59. On this I complete the story about this unusual town, along the streets of which, as a result of the policies of local residents, run trolley on batteries, cost, like a luxury car.
60. In Zermatt, it is hardly worth going to ride specifically, but if you plan to rise to the groats of the city, your way will still go through this boring, but a cute town. In this case, it is worth highlighting an hour of time for a leisurely walk along the perfect streets of the most famous resort of Switzerland.
The Netherlands is a country known to ambitious public projects and a level of living, stunning and surprising people around the world. Many countries would have to learn from this example. Here are the facts proving that this is the state of the future. 
This is the only state without homeless animals.
Recently was officially confirmed that there are no homeless cats and dogs in the country. The government managed to solve the problem without harming animals. On the contrary, in an attempt to protect the rights of dogs and cats, the authorities introduced strict laws with punishments for cruelty to animals. 
In the Netherlands there are roads on solar panels
There is a project in the country in which the government cooperates with individuals and scientists. His goal is to create roads of the future, fully illuminated by solar energy and allow you to charge electric cars. In 2015, the first section of such a road was opened. 
Everywhere there are charging stations for electrical machines
The strength of the country is a transport system. Here they try to abandon the use of gasoline and diesel engines, but for electrical machines there are many places for charging. 
In the Netherlands there is a city where there are no cars
The Dutch city of Howen is considered one of the safest places in the world. At the beginning of the eighties, residents agreed to ride bikes, and not use the machines. Step by step, all citizens moved to such a type of transport. 
The government plans to ban the sale of cars with gasoline and diesel engines
By 2025, cars with a gasoline or diesel engine will not be sold in the country. In addition, the owners of cars with an alternative fuel type will not have to pay tax on transport. As a result of all the measures taken by the Government, cars safe for ecology are cheaper than fifteen thousand euros! 
In the Netherlands, prison closes as unnecessary
The crime rate is so low that prisons regularly have to close - it is some kind of contain. Over the past few years, nineteen prisons were closed! The average crime rate is 163 people per 100 thousand inhabitants, which is two times less than in Brazil. 
In the Netherlands there are road bridges for wild animals
The government protects wild animals - there are special bridges, so that the animals can move from one part of the forest to another without any fears.
