Currently, Russia has an active increase in the number of cars and, first of all, foreign cars. As a result, the demand for auto parts, which official car manufacturers are not able to satisfy the official dealers. The retail auto parts market in Moscow is most rapidly growing, growth rates are at least 20% per year. In the capital today is realized near the fifth of the volume of sales of auto parts in Russia. It is noteworthy that the growth of the Russian auto parts market is observed against the background of a decrease in the volume of the world market of autocomponents, primarily associated with hard environmental requirements (see http://pro-consulting.com.ua/analiz/analiz_rus/avto/avtozapchasti/).
The capacity of the car materials, components and spare parts in Russia at the end of 2007 amounted to 32.7 billion US dollars (see http://www.autostat.ru/issl.asp?n\u003d8).
Car spare parts market is divided into primary, including components used to produce cars on the conveyor, and secondary are spare parts for sale through service and shops. In Russia, the secondary automotive spare parts market occupies a priority position in relation to the primary market, it accounts for 76% of the total market in terms of value (or 24.8 billion US dollars), the proportion of the primary market is 24% of the total market volume ( or 7.9 billion US dollars) (see Figure 1).
Picture 1.
Primary and secondary markets on the Russian car spare parts market,% of volume in value terms
In the secondary market of auto parts, the priority share is spare parts for domestic cars - 58% of the market volume in value terms (or 14.4 billion US dollars), parts of spare parts for foreign cars account for 42% of the secondary market (or 10, 4 billion. US dollars) (see Figure 2).
Among the various commodity segments of the auto parts market, the largest percentage is currently the tire segment - 22%. Tires are both the goods of the wholesale market for industrial products, and the consumer goods market. Next follows the battery segment - 5% (see http://www.smartec.ru/news/?id\u003d2505).
There are about two thousand players on the Russian automotive spare parts market, the leading positions among which are occupied by domestic producers. However, one of the main trends of the modern Russian market, the automotive spare parts is a change in the structure of the automotive industry, the arrival of the domestic market of foreign manufacturers and, as a result, the growth in demand for better components. Today, Russian auto parts manufacturers operate in conditions of expressed competition, domestic brands are actively displaced by better products from Europe and cheaper autocomponents from China, Turkey and India.
One of the important growth factors competition between the participants of the Russian auto parts market is the process of unification of automotive components, actively developing in modern world auto industry. To reduce the cost of the development and production of cars, companies are combined when designing new models. As a result, the same modules and systems today can be found on cars of completely different systems and stamps. The unification of the components allows manufacturers to go to the desired volume of production of individual nodes, even with sufficiently small volumes of the release of specific models. It characterizes the tendency of unification, in particular, an example of creating in the late 90s of three models of minivans on one platform: Ford Galaxy, Seat Alambra and VW Sharan. Many automakers are subject to modular strategies, among them: PSA (Peugeot, Citroen), VW, Renault, Nissan, BMW and others. In Russia, the tendency to unify autocomponents only originate. The first cameras were taken between AvtoVAZ and Izhavto thanks to the Soca group (see Marketing Report "The Car Component Market and Spare Parts in Russia", prepared by the Avtostat Analytical Agency, 2007).
With the distribution of cheap products from Asia auto parts in the Russian market, the relevance of the price dumping problem is related, which, in particular, it makes it much difficult to develop domestic manufacturers of automotive components. The problem of dumping is primarily connected with the exacerbation of price competition, the main factors of which are the presence in the market of a significant number of similar or identical goods of various manufacturers, as well as raising consumer awareness on the price situation in the market, in particular, through the dissemination of the Internet.
Dumping actions mainly manifest themselves among auto parts for a low level of quality, as evidenced, in particular, the fact that among sellers and importers of American spare parts in the Russian market, as experts noted, the problem of dumping is currently not expressed. The market of American spare parts compared to the 90s, became much more civilized. Today, in retail, the variation of prices for US spare parts is from 3 to 10%.
The most rigid competition is observed in the wholesale trade sector, for which price reduction is more characteristic. Sellers trying to attract customers use various bonuses, deferred payment, up to lending and consignment. The most strongly confrontation between the importers of American spare parts is felt in the nonstolic regions, while the Moscow market is already divided between the main players. One of the main trends of the market is the consolidation of companies that are partners and a gradual way out of the game of small firms (see http://www.triton-import.ru/smi_2006_rz_5.html).
Another actual problem of the modern automotive spare parts market in Russia is the problem of fake products. Research results suggest that sales of fake spare parts in the Russian market are not inferior to the magnitude of the Pirate audio product market. The share of illegal automotive components in the spare parts market in Russia ranges from 30 to 90% depending on the name. And according to the report of the financial newspaper Izvestia, each second car spare part is fake. Damage from the sale of counterfeit products is very significant, in the monetary equivalent it is about 2 billion US dollars a year. It is noteworthy that the predominant share in the amount of sales of fake products is spare parts for cars of domestic production. Counterfeit components cause significant damage to the reputation of automakers and suppliers of original spare parts. As a rule, most often fake wireless details. Among them: pendants, steering thrust, rods, brake pads and naturally all sorts of machine oils. The scope of pirated activity, according to the original manufacturers of spare parts, is primarily associated with the absence of an adequate legislative framework in Russia. According to the currently existing Russian legislation, it is almost impossible to attract unscrupulous manufacturers of automotive details to criminal liability (see http://auto.nnov.ru/autonews/russia/?id\u003d3239).
In the context of considering the problem of fake auto parts, it should be noted that in global practice the market of spare parts consists of two segments: the market of original spare parts and the market of non-original spare parts. Original spare parts in classical understanding have a trademark of autocompany and must be sold exclusively through the company. Original spare parts are manufactured in strict accordance with the characteristics of materials under tight quality control. Unoriginal spare parts are issued by simulators without a guarantee of compliance with the technical requirements of the automotive plants.
Unoriginal parts can be manufactured with violation of safety standards, reliability and durability. Prices for non-original spare parts are significantly lower, and the quality is essentially worse than the standards of autocompany.
However, it should be noted that between the two extremes - original and non-original spare parts, there is a fairly large market for analogs spare parts, which are quite close to the "original", and at a price significantly lower. This is due to the tendency of the "silent consent" of car manufacturers companies to give up a part of the volume of trade in spare parts manufactured by independent specialized factories, these plants themselves. In addition, the transfer of the production of components to the countries of the South-Eastern region helped to significantly reduce the final price of products (see marketing report "The market of automotive components and spare parts in Russia", prepared by the Avtostat analytical agency, 2007).
Unoriginal auto parts presented in the Russian market can be divided into two groups. The first is the components of solid foreign and domestic manufacturers, not taken into account and not past customs control. Products of this kind in most cases of hazards for the health of the car do not represent. The second group is counterfeit spare parts produced in China and in other developing countries. It is this low-quality product that can become a threat to the technical condition of the car.
In the current situation, Russian law enforcement agencies are going to seriously take on car markets, which, as a rule, are points of the implementation of counterfeit products. In particular, the Business Magazine reports that following the mobile phones and household appliances, Customs intends to actively deal with the "gray" import of automotive spare parts. According to market participants, it is currently "gray" importers are currently dominated. Thus, the share of "gray" imports accounts for more than 70% of the sales volume of spare parts for foreign cars in value terms (or 1.8 billion US dollars) (see Figure 3).
Automotive parts market experts believe that if Russian customs officers seriously take over the problem of "gray" imports, the share of official importers should grow to 80-85%. The achievement of these indicators is minimal so that legal importers can compete with "gray" and "black" import. Strengthening customs control can help increase prices for spare parts for foreign cars. However, experts believe that large official importers of spare parts are likely to be ready to reduce prices if the sales will be able to increase (see http://www.logistprog.ru/news/602; http://www.avtomarket.ru/scripts / NEWS /? ID \u003d 14828).
Along with the intentions of customs services to combat "gray" imports of automotive spare parts, control in the market of spare parts strengthen Russian automakers. So, from 2007, AvtoVAZ has planned to significantly increase the volume of centralized supply of spare parts produced by manufacturers of components, through its own service and sales network. The appropriate changes were made to the terms of contracts with factories-suppliers of components. It is expected that the implementation of external production spare parts through the VAZ trading network will minimize the risk of receiving counterfeit dealers and avoid the use of fake components during warranty and post-warranty maintenance of LADA cars (see http://subscribe.ru/archive/Tech.Ato.lada/200703/ 21163305.html).
Describing the current situation in the sphere of consumption of automotive spare parts in the Russian market, it should be noted that today the two main segments of the spare parts market are segments of spare parts for domestic cars and foreign cars - develop with varying degrees of intensity. The market of domestic auto parts is characterized by stability and balance of demand and suggestions, there are practically no shortage of automotive spare parts. In the auto parts segment for foreign cars, there is an exception in demand over the proposal and a shortage of goods.
It is noteworthy that the main part of counterfeit and low-quality products is presented in the segment of spare parts for domestic cars, among the spare parts for foreign cars, the proportion of such products is significantly lower. However, in the segment of foreign auto parts, there are many spare parts used, they create a competition with original car spare parts, because they are much cheaper, and quality can practically not give up the originals. In relation to spare parts for foreign cars, it should be noted that the demand for used parts is also associated with the fact that the delivery of original spare parts can occupy quite considerable time - from a week to 2-3 weeks, depending on the supply region. To carry out efficient activities to companies implementing spare parts for foreign car brands, it is necessary to establish an effective supply chain, ensuring the efficiency of auto parts delivery to the order.
In the segment of spare parts for foreign cars the most popular on the Russian market are spare parts for Japanese cars. This fact is related to the popularity of inexpensive and high-quality brands of Japanese cars. The most popular brands are Honda, Mazda, Nissan and some others.
Retail sales of automotive spare parts in Russia are currently carrying out more than 7,000 service centers for car maintenance, while a significant part of retail turnover continues to hold markets and small shops. Some service centers implement auto parts for domestic cars, others for foreign cars. Specialized services that are engaged in the replacement of auto parts in trucks are presented on the Russian market only auto parts for Japanese cars, American or German car brands, as well as companies that implement auto parts wholesale and retail simultaneously (see http : //www.sppsompany.ru/rynok_zapchasti/).
In general, trade in auto parts and equipment of the car service required auto parts, accessories and auto chemicals. Currently in Russia is a profitable business. According to research results, more than 90% of companies operating in this sector consider their own profitability higher than when investing similar amounts to other markets (see http://pro-consulting.com.ua/analiz/analiz_rus/avto/avtozapchasti/ ).
However, at present, the auto parts market has been observed a process of specialization and consolidation of companies, a tendency to absorb large players smaller competitors. This process is associated with the fact that not many companies can afford to keep unnecessary working funds "frozen" in warehouses in the required assortment of spare parts and autotes. It is probably that these trends will largely characterize the dynamics of the Russian automotive spare parts market in the near future, and they must be taken into account both by the current market players and investors in this automotive industry sector.
The main conclusions on the results of the review:
The automotive spare parts market in Russia is actively developing. The capacity of the Russian automotive materials market, components and spare parts at the end of 2007 amounted to 32.7 billion US dollars.
Two main sectors are highlighted in the automotive spare parts market: the primary market, including the components used for the production of cars on the conveyor, and the secondary market, which are represented by spare parts for sale through service and shops. In Russia, the secondary automotive spare parts market accounts for 76% of the total market volume in value terms ($ 24.8 billion), the proportion of the primary market is 24% of the total market volume (US $ 7.9 billion).
About two thousand players operate in the automotive spare parts market in Russia, the leading positions occupy domestic manufacturers. However, today, Russian manufacturers of auto parts operate under expressed competition - domestic brands are actively displaced by better products from Europe and cheaper autocomponents from China, Turkey and India.
One of the most pressing problems of the modern automotive spare parts market in Russia is the problem of fake products. The share of illegal automotive components in the spare parts market in Russia is from 30 to 90%, depending on the name. Damage from the sale of counterfeit products is very significant, in the monetary equivalent it is about 2 billion US dollars a year.
Russian law enforcement agencies intend to seriously deal with the "gray" import of automotive spare parts, in particular, to strengthen the control of automotive markets, which, as a rule, are points for the implementation of counterfeit products. To create conditions that allow legal importers to compete with "gray" and "black" imports of auto parts, the share of official importers should increase at least 80-85%.
In the consumer market of auto parts, segments of spare parts for domestic cars and foreign cars are developing with varying degrees of intensity. If the market of domestic auto parts is generally characterized by stability and balance of demand and suggestions, then in the auto parts segment for foreign cars there is an active growth in demand and a significant exceeding demand over the proposal, the deficit of the goods.
In general, trade in auto parts and equipment of the car service required auto parts in Russia is a profitable business. One of the main trends characterizing the auto parts market in the near future will be trends to specialization and consolidation of companies, absorbing large players of smaller competitors.
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Analysis of car brake systems
To the brake control of the car, which serves to slow down the movement, up to a complete stop and holding it in place in the parking lot, there are increased requirements, as the braking control is the most important means of ensuring the active safety of the car. Requirements for brake systems are regulated by GOST 22895-95 and international rules of the road.
Requirements for brake systems are as follows:
The maximum brake path is the maximum setting slowdown in accordance with the requirements of GOST 22895-95, for passenger cars and trucks depending on the type of test.
Preservation of braking stability (sustainability criteria: linear deviation, angular deviation, angle of folding of the road train.)
Stability of brake properties with repeated braking.
The minimum response time of the brake drive.
The power tracking action of the brake drive, that is, the proportionality between the pedal force and the drive moment.
Small brake management management work - effort on brake pedals, depending on the purpose of the vehicle, should be within 500 ....7OO n, the course of the brake pedal is 80 ... 180mm.
Lack of organoft phenomena (auditory).
The reliability of all the elements of the brake systems, the main elements (brake pedal, the main brake cylinder, brake valve, etc.) must have guaranteed strength, should not fail through the guaranteed resource, an alarm that notifies the driver about the brake system malfunction must also be provided.
In accordance with GOST 22895-95, the braking control should include the following brake systems:
Workers
spare
parking
Auxiliary (retarder brake), mandatory for buses with a complete mass of over 5 tons and trucks weighing over 12 tons, intended for braking on long-term descents and supporting the speed of 30km / h on the descent with a slope of 7% 6km.
Forced slowdown can be carried out in various ways: mechanical, hydraulic, electric, extracillage.
The most widely used friction brake mechanisms. On the Light Class cars, disc brake mechanisms are often used on the front wheels and drumboards on the rear wheels.
On cargo vehicles, regardless of their carrying capacity, drum shods are installed brake mechanisms. Only in recent years there has been a tendency to use disk mechanisms for trucks.
Drum ribbon brake mechanisms as wheeled currently do not apply at all. In rare cases, they are used as transmission for parking braking system (MAZ, BelAZ-540).
Hydraulic and electric brake mechanisms are used as a brake-retarder. On a number of cars, the retarder brake is the engine, the intake manifold overlaps with a steel flap.
A mechanical drive consisting of thrust and levers is used mainly in the brake systems with manual control (auxiliary brake system - "parking - brake").
In this drive, the muscular energy of the driver is used to turn on the brake mechanism. Simplicity of design and the stiffness of the mechanical drive unchanged in time make it the most used for the parking brake system.
The hydraulic drive is used in the working brake system of passenger cars and cargo small and medium loading capacity. In this drive, the force of the pedal axis to the brake mechanisms is transmitted by liquid. To turn on the brakes, the muscular energy of the driver is used. To ensure the driver's work on the inclusion of brakes, hydraulic drive with vacuum (GAZ-66) or pneumatic amplifier (URAL-4320) is often used.
Currently, the hydraulic drive with the pump is beginning to be obtained. In this case, to include brake mechanisms and the creation required for the quick braking of the braking moments on wheels, the engine is used by the engine drivening hydraulic pump directly, or through any automobile power unit.
Pneumatic drive is widely used in the brake system of tractors, trucks of medium and large lifting capacity and buses. In the brake system with a pneumatic drive, the brake mechanisms are included through the use of compressed air energy.
A combined hydropneumatic drive is often used on long-base cars and tractors of heavy road trains. In this drive, the energy of compressed air is used to increase the brake force, and the transmission to the braking mechanism is carried out by liquid.
Electrical drive is needed on road trains, since the easiest way to transmit energy over long distances is achieved with a very small time on the brake system triggered.
The following criteria are used to assess the design schemes of brake mechanisms:
1)Efficiency
To assess the efficiency of the braking mechanism, its efficiency is served, which is the ratio of the braking moment. M.the torus created by the mechanism, by the time of the primary force:
TOe. = M.tor / ( Rp.S. r.p),
where M.torus -turn moment; P.p.S. - the total driving force of the brake pads; r.p is the radius of the resulting friction force ( r.n \u003d r.b - the radius of the brake brake drum in the drum mechanism; r.n \u003d r.cP - average lining radius in disk mechanism).
The efficacy of brake mechanisms must be assessed when the car is moving both forward and forth.
In the drum brake mechanism, the efficiency coefficient is calculated not only for the mechanism as a whole, but also separately for each brake pad:
where M.tor1 I. M.tor2 - brake moments created by pads; P.1 I. R2 - Drive Power Pads.
2) Stability
Stability is the maintenance of the efficiency of the brake mechanism while reducing the friction coefficient. Stability is the dependence of the efficiency coefficient of friction coefficient and can be expressed by a graph of the static characteristics of the braking mechanism. Best stability have brake mechanisms with a linear static characteristic.
From stability, the achievement of equal brake forces depends not only on the wheels of one bridge, but also on the right and left wheels of the car, which determines the safety when braking.
3) equilibrium
The brake mechanism is balanced, in which when braking the friction force does not create an additional load on wheel bearings and other parts. The braking mechanism, whose work leads to the loading of the car bearings is considered unbalanced.
4) Reversion
Reversible is called equal efficacy of the brake mechanism when moving the car back and forth. The reversibility of the brake mechanism determines the independence of the magnitude of the braking torque created by them from the direction of the vehicle movement.
So far, the drum braking mechanisms are most satisfying the safety requirements of the movement, but due to the increased velocity speeds of the car, the safety safety requirements are also increasing, in many ways of the car braking quality.
Comparative stand tests of various options for the designs of closed disk and drum brake mechanisms for cars revealed that the best indicators for the stability of the output parameters, heat-stability and mass has a disc brake with two surfaces of friction, pneumatic drive and amplifier.
According to constructive execution, disc brake mechanisms are divided into open and closed, one-piece and multi-disc.
Depending on the design of the disk, brake mechanisms with solid and ventilated, metal and bimetallic discs are distinguished.
The solid disk is the simplest - applied in cases if there is an active cooling of the disk brake. The ventilated disc is made in the form of a turbine impeller. In cars, it is mainly one-piece brake mechanisms with a ventilation disk and an internal diameter fastening.
Depending on the method of fastening the brake, discovered disc brake mechanisms with a fixed and floating brake. The brake mechanism with a floating joke has only one wheeled cylinder. His block is heated less than in the mechanism with a fixed bracket, but has a significant drawback - during deformation, corrosion of the guides arises unilateral wear of the lining and the disk. The braking efficiency is reduced, the vibration of the brake and brake pad appears. A fixed screw brake is provided with a large driving force and increased rigidity of the mechanism.
Brake discs are made of cast iron. In one-piece mechanisms, solid discs have a thickness of 8 ... 13 mm, ventilated 16 ... 25 mm. Bimetallic brake disc can be performed with aluminum or copper base. The friction layer is made of gray cast iron.
Disc brake mechanisms have the following advantages compared to drum brakes:
Smaller gaps between discs and pads in the uneasured state (0.005 ... 0.1 mm) and the stroke of the pads, which makes it possible to increase the speed and gear ratio of the brake drive;
Lower weight and dimensions:
More uniform wear of friction materials, as it is distributed uniformly pressure on the surface of the friction pair disk - the shoe:
Larger braking moment, developed by balancing forces acting on the side of the pads on the disk;
The possibility of ensuring an effective heat sink from rubbing elements;
Greater stability of the developed brake moment;
Larger brake efficiency coefficient;
The disadvantages of disk brake mechanisms include:
The difficulty of ensuring sealing (unprotected disk can be subjected to abrasive effects, oxidation and corrosion, promoting rapid wear of the brake linings);
Increased intensity of wear of friction linings;
Insufficient protectedness from dirt;
Conducted road-laboratory tests of drum and disc brakes Kharkov Adi have shown that in the case of heating the brake parts up to 300 ° C and V \u003d 40 km / h, the braking path increases during braking by disk brakes by 7%, and drums by 25%. If the normal speed is the same, but the volumetric temperature will reach 500c, the braking path will increase by 21% and 55%, respectively.
In quantitative terms, the capacity segment of the brake pads market is more than 12 million units, the container of the brake disc segment is more than 10 million units. in year. The volumes of segments and components such as wear wear sensors, brake cylinders, brake hoses and others are large.
Quantitative to the market of braking systems in Russia from year to year only grows, although not as fast as before the crisis. The fleet in the country is giant, pads and other components are required to replace regularly - this ensures the permanent growth of the market under any conditions. The service life of cars is increasing, roads and weather do not become better, as well as the economy, car owners seek to save, leave official hundred in independent services - and all this, and much more, leads to a stable growth of braking systems in the secondary market.
The basis of the braking system market is the brake pad segment. It is characterized by a large number of brands, among which conditionally prevail, in particular, in the market brake pads of domestic cars - Brands Brembo and Lucas / TRW, Ferodo, Lynx, Icer, original pads lada image, Trialli, Marcon, Ween, Marco. In turn, TM Brembo and Autoal, TM Valeo, Bosch, Alied Nippon, Trialli and others are presented in the brake disc segment.
In the brake pads segment for European cars, Bosch, Brembo, LPR, Ford, Trialli, Quinton Hazell, Borg & Beck, TSN citron are conditionally dominated; Among the brands of disks - TM TRW and BOSCH. In the Asian segment, the Hyundai and Valeo brand pads are occupied, in the segment of disks - TM Zimmermann Sport, Brembo Max, Ate Power Disc.
Brake pads for trucks in Russia are represented by brands Meritor, Beral, Fomar, Textar, Knorr Bremse, Jurid, Trw, Lumag, Ferodo, Pagid and others. The total number of companies that offer components of braking systems for all cars are unknown, but some market participants are already talking about hundreds of firms, in the overwhelming majority on the secondary market.
In total brands in the market of components of braking systems from 80 to more than a hundred, mostly, as can be seen, these are foreign products, the share of imports in this market was estimated in 2015-16, according to various data, up to 80%, and more than 60% of brands - For passenger cars. It is still unknown how much influenced
The crisis for the share of imports in this market. The distribution of brands on the market is relatively conditional, as the difference in the price between the products is small, the pads of different TM can be used on different vehicles. 
The components of Russian production also occupy a certain market share, and, moreover, now have additional opportunities to increase their presence. There is a full-fledged project on import substitution - in February of this year, it became known that LLC Avtokomponenti Gas Group nominated by Wabco Europe to supply the body of a wedge expansion mechanism of brake systems.
An experienced component party should be delivered in April 2017, the start of serial supplies is scheduled for the fourth quarter of this year. Within the framework of the project, the products for the products will be made by metallurgical gas production, the mechanization of the product will perform a Kanhana car unit "GAZ Group". Brake systems will be installed on the Ural Next and Ural-M cars. This is a great achievement, but the mass replacement of domestic products of imported components in the market under consideration is still difficult to imagine, especially on passenger cars.
Basically, the components of the brake system are represented by the lower and middle pricing segments. Consumers of the products of the lower price category, domestic and from Asian countries are the owners of Russian cars and foreign cars from 10 years. In the mid-year segment, which was the most capacious until recently, components are presented with sufficiently high consumer properties. Major consumers here - car owners of foreign cars from 5 years and newest domestic cars.
It is not known exactly how many counterfeit components of brake systems on the market. At the same time, car owners most often are interested in how to distinguish a fake from high-quality spare parts, that is, perhaps a lot of counterfeit on the market. Apparently, forge the components of any brand. From China and other Asian countries, both counterfeit products are received and the little-known components of acceptable quality - frankly bad parts consumers did not buy.
The importance of braking components for security is aware of all. And although this is not the most expensive parts, but no one will spend the extra ruble now, especially since for several years of crisis, spare parts went up. His role in price increases played fluctuations in the ruble rate, complication of legal imports and other factors. Therefore, the car owners were looking for acceptable autocomponents at the price, not
better quality, but with acceptable parameters. Thus, in 2015-2016, consumers actively mastered the segment relative to high-quality non-library, non-original components.
But in 2017 a number of market participants talk about the deterioration of the situation. Consumers have little time spend on the choice, buy what is cheaper. The quality of the autocomponent market continues to deteriorate further, the car market also degrades. What, however, does not affect the prospects for the components of the brake systems - they are in any case positive, the market for used cars will grow, besides the beginning of 2017 and for the market of new cars was successful. But before fulfilling restoration, the car market is still far away, therefore, in the nearest, perhaps, in the medium term, some significant changes in the structure and dynamics of the market are not expected. You will choose a buyer, the market will adapt to his requirements - and this is not good news, since the consumer continues to poor and buy the worst.
The good news is that since the beginning of the year there is a tendency to reduce the cost of original spare parts, by 7-30% for different types of components of different brands. This is due to the fact that, firstly, manufacturers do not want to lose customers, and so that the ruble is still relatively stable, and sometimes even strengthened, - and this allows suppliers to sometimes reduce prices for spare parts, including Brake system components.
It is not known how much it will last, no one does long forecasts. If the crisis is still over, the greater influence on the market will be technically progress. Basically, he is now moving towards creating new friction mixtures for pads. Now copper is the main component of the friction material, it is from 5 to 20% in friction mixtures - in accordance with the standards. But US and European manufacturers switch to the use of brake pads to organic non-metallic materials in friction mixtures. These are more eco-friendly, complex materials, which in their properties should not be worse than copper. Obviously, in Russia advanced technology will fall with premium cars, but someday it will be relevant for the mass sector.
The brake disc market segment has been actively expanding recently. This is due to the increase in car park and with an increase in the number of machines that are equipped with disk brakes on both axes. Unfortunately, the decline in control over the passage of technical inspection has negatively affected the secondary brake disc market. Many motorists exploit cars with worn discs even when it is uncomfortable and unsafe.
Information is collected by the Marketing Department of our magazine.
However, despite this, Vladvysservis, another in 2011, evaluated the capacity of the Russian brake disc market in more than 10 million per year. At the same time, the market, according to the experts of this company, is divided by approximately half: 5.2 million units of brake discs are in demand in the segment of car foreign production and about 5.1 million units in the segment of Russian cars. Obviously, over the past two years, its capacity has increased, but the editorial board does not have more recent data.
It should be noted that recently (second half of 2013 - the beginning of 2014) there is a decrease in sales of new cars. If this trend is long, then brake disc sellers (however, both other automotive components) may encounter sales of sales volumes and even with a decrease in demand. In order not to face this situation, it is necessary to begin active work today about the increase in the culture of servicing this assembly and the braking system as a whole with consumers who go to the services, after all, sales of disks occur mainly on car services. The cost of this component is quite high, so before deciding on the replacement, the car owner must make sure that it is possible to be further operation, and this can be done only according to the results of the diagnosis on the brake stand and visual inspection by the car mechanic. Self-diagnosis is usually ineffective.
The resource of the modern brake disc is about 80,000 - 100,000 mileage kilometers (this is in ideal conditions). In Russia, due to the presence of low-quality brake pads and very difficult operating conditions, the disk service life is often ends much earlier. The use of cheap pads, as well as the habit of changing them only after complete wear, lead to the formation of grooves (deep wipes) on the working surface of the disk. In some cases, this problem is eliminated after the disk groove if the problem is not too late and the thickness of the disk allows you to perform this procedure.
The lack of a high-quality brake calipers service (lubricant and cleaning with each brake shoe shift) leads to the fact that the pads are not fully returned to their position, after the driver releases the brake pedal. This leads to accelerated disk wear.
High risks for the status of the disk create Russian road conditions, namely, a large number of puddle on the roads. Sudden wheels in the puddle creates a danger of sharp discharge of the disc, which over time leads to the formation of cracks.
As for the rear brake discs, which today are increasingly found on foreign cars, the surface corrosion of the surface is the greatest danger. Brake discs rear wheels with a non-aggressive ride manner work in a gentle mode. If at the same time and the car is not used frequently, the rear wheels can be covered with rust, which is subsequently peeled, and the disc is wearing unevenly.
Maintenance stations managers need to talk about these risks to their customers. This will allow, on the one hand, extend the average service life of the brake discs, on the other hand, increase the number of sales, or service operations that are related to the service of this node, since timely maintenance of the disk, pads and caliper, as a rule, avoid early replacement. So the service station from holding such a policy in any case will be in winning, because it will be able to earn either on replacing or on service.
The objectives of our study is to assess the share of presence in the retail segment of the main braking brakes of brake discs, as well as a comparison of the average retail prices for this product. By tradition, the study was conducted in three most massive models of cars, which have long been presented in the Russian market and spare parts for which in demand in the Russian secondary market. This is a VAZ 2110, Renault Logan and Ford Focus II.
Lada
For competitive, this market segment is one of the most difficult. The market contains 20 brake brakes brake discs for VAZ. At the same time, the highest shares of the presence in the retail market (diabetes 1) has one of the largest importers companies of this product (Brembo) - it is represented by 14% of the outlets, and in second place there is one of the leading Russian stamps - Autoal (8%). In general, differences in the representation of brands in this segment are minimal. A decade of a total frontier overcame only one company (Brembo). The overwhelming majority of all other participants are presented in a very small number of outlets - from 8 to 4%. When estimating the average prices in the Russian market on this product, we were forced to use the cost of a set of front brake discs on the VAZ 2110 for the wheels with a diameter of 14 inches. The choice in favor of a set of two disks is due to the fact that it is in such a packaging that this product is most often found on the market more than half of the suppliers. As for the companies that do not supply brake discs in this packaging, we were forced to take the cost of their single disk and multiply it into two, although this approach is not entirely correct. In the upper price segment (dia.2) there are two brands - ATE and Zimmerman. The cost of a set of such disks exceeds 3000 rubles. In the average price category (from 2000 to 2700 rubles) there are sets of other brands - Brembo, Alnas, TRW, Tornado, Toro, A.B.S., Pilenga.
The most massive price segment is the lower average. A set of such discs from two pieces will cost the consumer in the amount of 1000 to 2000 rubles. It is noteworthy that in this price segment we see by no means newcomers, but well-known brands of auto parts (Valeo, Bosch, Alied Nippon, Trialli, Autoal and others).
Renault Logan.
This market segment is also very saturated. Our experts counted 18 brands of brake discs on this car presented on the Russian retail market. However, in contrast to the segment of Russian cars Lada, here we see a clear leader - these are TRW discs. They are presented in every fourth retail store from those involved in our survey. According to the representation of TRW, overtakes the original brake discs and the products of the Bosch brand, which is represented in 15% of the outlets. All other suppliers are located below a 10% barrier. In this segment there are several new names that were not in the VAZ segment, there is no point in the segment - everything can be seen in the chart 3.
Now let's look at the pricing policy of suppliers. It is strongly distinguished against the background of all independent brands OEM products. Original brake discs on Renault Logan cost more than all other competitors twice. The most expensive discs from the independent trademark segment are supplied by Textar, Zimmerman and Valeo. They constitute an average price group. All other disks are located in the segment below average. Note that, in contrast to the previous segment in this diagram (№4), we compared prices not to the brake discs from two pieces, and the cost of a single disk.
Ford Focus.
In this segment, competition is not so pronounced. No longer 20, and 14 trademarks are struggling for the attention of the Russian consumer (Diaz.5). The main leader in representation in this segment is Brembo. Discs of this brand achieved the same success as TRW in the previous segment. Almost every fourth store (23%) you can buy Brembo discs for Ford Focus. In addition, a decade-percent representation barrier overcame the original brake discs, as well as products of such trademarks as Bosch and TRW. Thus, in almost all segments, we see the same pool of popular brands with one amendment that in the Lada segment in this pool also included trading stamps of Russian factories.
Ford Focus brake disc prices are not as big as in the Renault Logan segment. The cost of the original disks was practically equal to the price of independent brands from the top price segment (TRW, Textar). The price difference between the most expensive and cheapest brake discs on the front axle Ford Focus II is 1000 rubles.
Expert comments:
Sergey Ferkov, marketing ManagertRW AUTOMOTIVE:
- annually a company Trw. produces 12 million brake discs. Assortment of brake discs companies Trw. There are about 1,200 articles - it covers 98% of the car park. Along with the supply of spare parts for the independent car market, we supply brake discs on the assembly conveyors of world automakers. Always being ahead in the field of development, we will not terminate the development of the most modern technologies for the production of brake discs. Thanks to this, our products division for after-sales service can offer the consumer the most relevant products.
Distinctive features of TRW brake discswhich are competitive advantages of our products:
. Coloring non-working surface in blackThat allows you to protect it from corrosion. Previously, the brake discs were treated with a special composition against corrosion, and during installation, the services were to clean the braking disc with the solvent. Many did not do this, because it was required extra time. With painted TRW discs, time is saved when installing.
. In the manufacture of disks, high carbon steel is usedWhat provides them with the highest strength and efficiency.
. All 100% TRW brake discs are balanced at the factorythat eliminates the batting of the discs during operation.
Thanks to these advantages, subject to the proper disk installation, the period of its guaranteed operation is comparable to two deadlines for the operation of the brake pads. That is, the brake disc is recommended to be changed at least than through one shift of the brake pads by car. If you follow this rule, then your car will always be safe for both you and others.
Cyril Sickness, marketing directortrialli:
- Brake discs can be attributed to the category of consumables. Of course, unlike brake pads and filters that require replacement during the passage of annual, brake discs must be changed every two to three years - depending on their wear resistance and the style of driving a particular car owner. Features of demand for brake discs In the realities of the Russian car market of autocomponents directly depend on the number of cars of various brands and models. So far, models of brake disc models for VAZ cars are used, but the tendency of the demand displacement towards parts for foreign-made cars is already noticeable, and every year this demand increases.
Brake discs Triali.produced at a full-cycle plant, which has its own foundry shop, and mechanical processing takes place on fully automated German lines. The range of brake discs consists of discs of standard (solid) design - Standard, ventilated brake discs - Ventilato., Drives with technological pumping - Aquatico., perforated brake discs - Perforato and brake disc models with perforation and technological groove - model Perfecto..
Trialli brake discs Possess all qualities of first-class products: high reliability, minimum inertia and excellent balancing. Malled from modified cast iron, past numerous bench tests, brake discs Triali. are an excellent offer in the average price segment.
Brake discs Trialli Standard Made of high-quality alloy corresponding to the most stringent material requirements. With limit braking loads have high resistance. Uniform disk wear guarantees safety, excludes vibration and lack of steering wheel and brake pedal.
Disks Ventilato. They have the so-called sandwich design: inland ribs provide enhanced air circulation between the working surfaces of the disk, which avoids their excessive heating.
Model Aquatico. It has a technological pump on the working surface, which performs three functions: removes dirt, water and wear products to the periphery of the disk, which eliminates the appearance of beating and vibration; Prevents the occurrence of a funk ("air film") with a strong heating of the working surfaces of the disk and the pads and serves as the brake disk wear indicator.
Perforated brake discs Triali. Provide fast heat dissipation with intensive braking with high speeds and are designed for sports tuning of serial cars. Recommended by drivers who prefer an aggressive style ride on ordinary roads both in the conditions of the city and on the highway.
Brake discs Trialli Perfecto.developed using innovative technologies possess all the advantages of models Aquatico., Ventilato. and Perforato.. To improve mechanical properties and increasing crack resistance, the source alloy is modified by nickel and calcium. Brake discs Trialli Perfecto. We were developed specifically for motor racing, passed tests with overloads at limit speeds and extreme weather conditions. Ventilated, with technological pumping and perforation brake discs Trialli Perfecto. They have elevated heat exchange characteristics, provide a reliable clutch of the disc with brake pads and the dirt, water, wear products are better.
