Probably, every car enthusiast at least once came across a situation where for some reason refused to work. This is a serious problem if you need to urgently go somewhere. Many will go and acquire a new battery. But, knowing, at home, you can not only restore the battery, but also to extend the life of its operation for a few more years.
How batteries are arranged, the principle of work
The battery is a hermetic plastic container, inside which negative and positive lead plates are installed. In modern models, the plates can be not only from lead, but also nickel, cadmium and other alloys.
The inside is also sulfuric acid - thanks to it, a galvanic pair is formed.
When the current terminals are driven by the battery, the accumulation of energy will begin. When the capacity of the capacity is reached, the AKB will turn into a source of energy with a voltage in 12 V.
Every time the car owner turns its car, the battery loses part of the energy. But as soon as the engine starts, the generator must fill the energy reserves. But it is only ideal. Therefore, sometimes to the limit, but how to reanimate the battery, car enthusiast, especially a beginner, does not always know. The reasons for which the battery fails, a lot. Statistics says that a large amount of batteries fails due to sulfation and sinking of smeared.
Sulfate - one of the reasons for the exit of the battery
So, a typical battery is lead plates in sulfuric acid. This metal is easily destroyed by the impact of weak acids, for example, acetic. But the sulfur for him is not at all dangerous, even if it is very concentrated or heated. A film that is formed as a result of a sulfuric acid reaction and lead protects the metal from the destruction.
The battery is a source of electricity of chemical type. If the battery is charged, then sulfuric acid - in electrolyte. With a discharged battery, it is on sulfate electrodes. The operation is reversible when charging and this is a normal process.
If you leave the battery for a long time discharged, then lead sulfates will be dissolved, and as a result they will begin to form on electrodes in the form of large insoluble crystals.
Sulfate layer - insulator. As a result, part of the battery capacity is lost, and if the battery has long been in a state of discharge, it will die.
Diagnose sulfate is very simple - the battery capacity is rapidly lost, insufficient power to start the engine, the electrolyte boys and the plates overheat. There is also a higher voltage on terminals.
Calcium sulfates
In modern batteries, lead is doped with calcium. This allows you to reduce virtually minimizing water boiling and reduce self-discharge. However, if the battery was discharged quite strongly, the electrodes are covered to charge this acb completely will not succeed. Due to the fact that such a battery increases, it is believed that it needs to be charged with voltages from 15 V. This is an error. You need to know exactly how to reanimate the battery, otherwise you can kill it at all.
Sowing coal plates
It is also a fairly common cause, which fails. Diagnosis to deliver easily - sulfuric acid will darken. In this case, there is a risk of battery death - unfortunately, such a task, how to reanimate the car battery, in this case is not solved.
Lead acb in the course of evolution changed many times and upgraded.
However, the principle of operation remained all the same. On the plates applied paste oxides of lead. This part or namaze is held on the electrodes due to the coupling properties and the design of the plates. It crepts as a result of vibrations, sulfate, temperature fluctuations. The crying process is quite natural. This speaks about the aging of the battery. If you treat the battery neatly, the service life will increase significantly.
How to reanimate car battery
For reasons, everything is clear. In warranty coupons for cars in this case, the driver will only find a recommendation for replacing the battery. But there are options for restoring the power supply.
How to raise the container and density
The main way that is used for batteries of a variety of modifications is charging with a small current. The battery is quickly charged and also discharged. In a short period of time, the power source ceases to take the charge. Here it is necessary to take a pause, and then repeat the cycle.
It is necessary to know exactly how to reanimate the car battery - when choosing incorrect charge parameters, you can completely destroy the battery. Thus, the current of the current should be only 4-6% of the battery capacity. For example, for 60 AC batteries, the charge current is allowed not more than 3.6 A.. Often, the time of one such cycle is about 6-8 hours. Pause - from 8 to 16 hours. For recovery, 5-6 such cycles may be needed.
It is possible to stop the procedure if recovered and the voltage level is in the limits permissible for a particular battery.
Restoring procedures at home
This option is suitable for those who do not have time. Experienced motorists use it for a long time. If someone did not know how to reanimate the battery, then this method involves dissolving sulfates by washing with special solutions.
First of all, the battery is charged to the maximum of its capabilities. Next, the electrolyte is drained, and the insides are washed with distilled water with 2-3 times. Then the cavity is poured and the trillion b and leave the battery for an hour. When the reaction is over, it will be visible. Gas release will stop. Then the process should be repeated if the plates were not cleaned enough. After all, the battery is washed again, the electrolyte is poured and charged with a standard way.
How to reanimate the old car battery
Manufacturers of the battery are recommended to throw out old batteries at the end of the term. Do not hurry with this - there is an opportunity to revive them. Today in many cities there are companies on the buying of old batteries - they are reanimated and then sold at an acceptable cost.
If one such is one in the garage, you can try to return to him the hadacities. One should only know how to reanimate the old battery so that everything happens. After all, even the Chinese battery will cost at least 2000 rubles, and these are any, but still money and they can be saved.
Getting processed
First of all, define faults. Black electrolyte is destroyed coal plates. The container fell - sulfate. There is also a closure of plates, but on how to reanimate the battery with such a problem - we will tell below. Heavy case - swollen Bock battery. Here only replacement.
How to treat closure plates
To eliminate this problem will help a special additive.
It is added to the electrolyte, the density of which is 1.28 g / cc, cm, and leaves there for two days. After that, the mixture is poured into the battery and the density is measured. If the indicator remains at the same level, it is charged and discharged. If heating or boiling is not observed during the process, then the current can be reduced twice.
After two hours, the density of the electrolyte is measured again. If it is normal again, charging stop. We can assume that the battery is restored. If the density has grown, plotting water. When it decreased, then sulfuric acid. After that, he is charged again.
Circuit repair: Method number 2
To eliminate the closure, the problem zone is burned with large currents. To do this, it is enough to connect the battery to the welding machine with the current should be from 100 A. The chain is closed only for a couple of seconds.
On the maintenance-free AKB
Manufacturers have made these batteries so that they are simply changed.
On how to reanimate the maintenance-free battery, they do not write in the instructions. But there is still a way.
The first thing is poured the electrolyte, and replace it with distilled water. Next, the battery is charged on a constant voltage in 14 V. in a few hours it is necessary to listen to what happens inside the battery. The process must be accompanied by the formation of gases. With intensive selection, the current is reduced.
In two weeks, the battery will turn water into the electrolyte, and lead sulfate is converted into sulfuric acid.
After two weeks, the contents merge and water poured again, and this process is repeated again. When the desulfation is completely over, you can pour a normal electrolyte and charge the battery with standard parameters.
How to reanimate the battery, the modern manufacturer does not tell. All these methods are used by motorists themselves, at their own risk. The main thing is to accurately comply with these recommendations, and then there is a chance that the battery will revive and will delight your owner for many years.
So, we found out how to reanimate the car's maintenanceable battery.
june 25, 2017
Every year new models of batteries (AKB) with improved technical characteristics appear on the market. They have a high reserve capacity, work perfectly at low temperatures, are not afraid of deep discharges, easily give big currents and perfectly take a charge. But one remains unchanged - protruding the terminals of batteries are quite vulnerable and require special attention. Our material will tell how to get rid of the oxidation of contacts and battery terminals and ensure its impeccable work.
Why the battery terminals are oxidized
With the problem of the oxidized battery terminals, every vehicle is faced. It becomes particularly relevant in the off-season when high humidity and frequent temperature change can significantly speed up this unwanted process.
In most cases, the oxidation of the battery terminals is due to the elevation of the electrolyte vapors, the electrolyte leaks on the contacts or malfunctions of the electrical equipment of the car.
ON A NOTE
It should be remembered that even a new battery can evaporate a little acid.
However, having noticed on the surface of the battery of the battery white bloom, first of all it is necessary to deal with the causes of its occurrence. After that, you need to take all necessary measures to eliminate it and prevent re-appearance.
Possible effects of the oxidation of contacts and battery terminals
Many car owners do not consider the appearance of a white fly on the terminals of the battery with a serious problem, but it can deliver a lot of trouble. Often drivers, facing the problem of engine launch, do not even suspect that it may be in the oxidized terminals. After all, the terminals covered with a milestone significantly reduce the efficiency of the battery. And in cases where oxidative processes are so intensively, that the white flare almost completely covers the terminals, the battery may not cope with its task - and you will not even make your car.
To avoid unexpected surprises, it is necessary to regularly examine the battery, follow its condition, to make prevention and, of course, take measures at the very first signs of failures in its work.
How to see and eliminate the problem of oxidation of contacts and terminals
It is possible to determine what the problem is precisely in the oxidation of contacts, it is possible according to the following features:
- You include ignition, but the starter "grabs" is not the first time or too hard turns the crankshaft, as if the battery is greatly discharged. The reason may be in the oxidation of the terminals, especially if your acb is quite new or you have recently poured the electrolyte and charged the battery.
- The light of headlights and overall lights has become much more dim. Look for the cause not only in a weak charge - perhaps this is a signal that contacts were oxidized on the battery.
In any case, in this situation it is necessary to take timely measures to prevent serious problems with the electrical equipment of the car. And there are only two ways to solve this problem:
Replacement of Account
This is the easiest and fastest solution to solve the problem, but it is not always necessary to go to extreme measures. Of course, there are situations where the replacement of the battery is the only correct solution (for example, when the electrode fastening). However, in some cases, radical measures can be avoided.
Removal of white plaque with terminals and their insulation
In this case, special compositions protect them from corrosion and oxidation on the battery terminals are applied, which increases efficiency and extends the service life of the AKB. This method will allow not only to eliminate the problem of oxidized contacts, but also for a long time to prevent its re-occurrence. For isolate the contacts of the battery with the help of modern products is not at all difficult, and we will tell how to do it right.
Clean the contacts and terminals of the battery
To clear the battery terminals as quickly as possible, efficiently and safely, it is necessary to comply with the correct sequence of actions:
- As with any work with the electrical equipment of the car, it is mandatory to drag the engine.
- With the help of a suitable key to loosen the negative terminal and remove it from the battery. Only after that we liberate and remove the "plus".
- Carefully examine the battery to detect possible defects in a timely manner. If you have serious damage, the battery must be replaced.
- We check the battery terminals and leading wires to them for physical wear.
- Before starting the fight against a flaw, put on rubber gloves that protect your hands from the effects of aggressive substances.
- If you have found a thick layer of white plaque on the terminals, its main part must be removed by mechanical way. This can be done with shallow emery paper or a special metal brush. In the extreme case, you can use a knife or other sharp object. The most carefully need to clean the place of contact of the electrode and the terminals, paying particular attention to the inner surface of the latter. It is necessary to act at the same time, so as not to damage the protective sheath of the wire.
- Then (or immediately - if a slight is a bit), dissolve the tablespoon of soda in a glass of water. Apply the agent to the old toothbrush, then read the terminals well to remove the oxidation products.
- Rinse the cleaned places with distilled or conventional cold water, then wipe the terminals of dry.
ATTENTION!
It is strictly not recommended to clean the contacts with gasoline. Such tips can often be found on the Internet or hear from familiar motorists. However, this is not at all safe, since gasoline can easily damage rubber or plastic parts. In addition, when working with this flammable material it is necessary to observe extreme caution. Yes, and from strong smell in this case, it turns out to get rid no soon.
- Paragraphs 6-8 can be skipped if you use modern compositions specially intended for cleaning electrical contacts that are easily and quickly removed dirt and oxidation products. To do this, it is enough just to spray the product on the surface you want to clean. If necessary, you need to repeat the spraying until the desired result is reached. You can feed the voltage after applying such a cleaner after 15 minutes.
- Purified terminals are put on the reverse order - first connect "a plus" To the appropriate output of the battery and well tighten the terminal with a nut, then we are then done the same operation with minusa terminal.
How to prevent the oxidation of the battery terminals
As in many other cases, it is better to immediately take the necessary measures and prevent oxidation, and not to deal with the already appeared by the raid. This will significantly increase the battery life and will help prevent the occurrence of a number of serious problems in your car.
Protect the battery terminals using various methods with more or less high efficiency. We will tell about some of them, and what to choose - to solve you.
Folk ways
After talking with motorists, first-year-old-year-old, you will hear a lot of tips on how to protect the battery terminals with the help of Dedov's methods of varying degrees of creativity. Consider the safest of them.
Motor oil and felt or felt
One of the oldest methods tested by several generations (though, then there has not yet been effective protective compositions). It is extremely simple: from the material it is necessary to cut the ring of suitable size and impregnate it with engine oil. The resulting gasket is put on the output of the battery, and the terminal is fixed on top. The principle of operation lies in the fact that the wool felt gasket prevents the evaporation of the electrolyte and enter it on the battery terminals.
Various types of lubricants
Technical vaseline, solidol, lithol and other suitable compounds available in the arsenal of the motorist are applied to peeled and firmly tightened terminals with a thin layer. However, each of these products has its drawbacks. Thus, the solidol can roll into lumps in the river, Vaseline has bad conductivity and when hit between the contact and the terminal, it can significantly reduce the efficiency of the battery, and the lithol can be cleaned with the usual auto-mup.
UnfortunatelyThe considered defense methods cannot be called highly efficient, so specialists Recommend to use modern meansSpecially designed to protect the battery terminals.
Modern effective means
Today, any auto shop can easily find products specifically designed precisely to protect the battery terminals. Typically, manufacturers color such compositions in bright colors so that it can be easily distinguished by the processed surface from raw. The use of these efficient products will prevent terminal oxidation, which will ensure reliable contact and thereby increase the conductivity of the electric current. All of the above will reduce the battery self discharge and will help significantly increase its service life.
One of the most effective means intended to protect the battery terminals is the lubricant for the battery terminals of the famous Dutch brand Presto. This is a blue wax that reliably protects electrocontacts and poles of batteries from oxidation and corrosion, will prevent the electric current leakage and voltage loss. Another indisputable advantage of the product is that it is well compatible with plastic - now you can be absolutely calm for all plastic elements under the hood of your car!
Presto battery lubrication:
- Reliably protects the terminals of the AKB from corrosion and oxidation
- Provides quick start and optimal car lighting
- Prevents acid damage
- Reduces resistance
- Reduces the risk of current leakage
- Configuously isolates contacts
- Prolongs battery life
- Has aiming jet
Presto battery lubrication is very easy to use - after all, the tool can be sprayed in any position. Shake the cylinder well and apply a thin layer of a protective spray to a dry and clean surface (if necessary, you can use the Presto universal cleaner and the Presto electrical contact cleaner). You can easily control the process of applying the product, because the composition has a bright blue color. This allows you to create a uniform coating and not to leave a single untreated area. Now you can be sure that the terminals of your battery are securely protected!
So, if you want your battery to serve for a long time, and its efficiency was maximum, the battery needs reliable protection. We told you about how to do it right, and now you can deal with the problem independently without resorting to expensive service of the car service. And the right tool will help make it easy and quickly!
The flushing of the battery refers to one of the non-core ways to restore it.
But as a rule, car services in this type of work do not do, as it is believed that this does not lead to tangible results.
Usually, batteries are washed and the electrolyte of car owners at home, as they try to extend the battery life and save on it.
When you need to rinse the battery, signs
Signs that will indicate not only on the need for washing the battery, but also to other problems:
- Fast charge and battery discharge;
- Unnatural (brown) electrolyte color;
- The battery is "dead" - does not give out voltages.
The causes of the above features are:
- As a result of deep discharge and sulfate, the plates decreased the capacity of the battery;
- The shuddy sludge not only changed the color of the fluid, but also closed the plates among himself.
It cannot be said that after washing the battery will restore its previous characteristics, most likely not, but for a while it can extend its service life.
Also, the dark color of the fluid indicates that the active substance from the plates is already beginning to crumble and the plates themselves have become thinner and you can not restore their thickness.
Therefore, even after washing the battery and the complete replacement of the electrolyte, it is not worth talking about a long period of battery life.
And yet, it should be understood that modern batteries in a plastic case with a common lid, especially those who are maintained, when closing the plates immediately change to new ones, since their disassembly, replacing the plates and the subsequent assembly with sealing is a clapboard.
To check on the closedness, the load plug is used if the battery does not hold the load (the voltage is constantly falling and lowered below 10 volts), it means that at least one bank is closed.
Stroke work
For flushing need:
Fully discharge the battery available for you. If banks are not closed (i.e. there is no sediment at the bottom), then a special design or rubber pear can be used to remove old electrolytes.
As for the construction, the moment is controversial, as specialists do not recommend tilting the battery greater than 45 degrees, since the shredded elements of the plates can close the latter.
But our people do not stop, especially many manage to drain the electrolyte, for flushing, drill holes in the housing.
At the final stage, pour distilled water again and let it stand for 3-4 hours.
If you understand that there is a precipitate (the bank is closed), then you should not turn the battery, as it is only aggravated by the situation.
Here, at the first stage, the liquid of rubber pear is extracted, then disassembly of the battery, cleaning it from sediment and old electrolyte, assembly and sealing. Is it worth doing this, everyone solves himself for himself.
Do not make mistakes with density
Before pouring a new electrolyte after washing the battery, analyze which situation has led you to these actions, because a mixture of sulfuric acid and distilled water is sold with different density - from 1.2 to 1.28 g / cm 3. Which one to pour?
For example, in winter the battery was discharged, was on the street and in it, as a result of the density drop ,. Of course, in this situation the car will not start.
At this point, the battery is in a state of deep sulfation of minus plates.
What makes the driver in this situation? That's right, it heats the relatively warm and measured the density of the liquid, which is usually low 1.15 g / cm 3. This brings to the erroneous idea to replace the liquid, the bay is the same, but with greater density. And here, as a rule, an error is allowed.
An important point is not taken into account - the density of the old electrolyte. As a rule, in winter, with a fully charged battery, it is equal to 1.27 g / cm 3. The fusion was a liquid with a density of 1.15 g / cm 3. And where are the remaining 0.12 g / cm 3? And they are on minus plates in the form of a sulfatized plaque.
A person remembers the figure of 1.27 g / cm 3 and, accordingly, it buys the electrolyte with the same density.
After the new liquid was filled into the battery, the latter, usually immediately charged. And what happens? As a result of charging and desulfation, the remaining 0.12 g / cm 3 are approached from the plates and are added to the total density of 1.27 g / cm 3, in sum, it turns out 1.39 g / cm 3, and this is a digit approximate to the corrective electrolyte density.
Therefore, in the case given for example, it would be necessary to simply spend.
Or, if the charger allows, turn on the cyclic mode of short charge and discharge on it to lead the fluid density to the real one. You also need to connect to the battery any consumer of electricity, for example, lamp headlights.
A large density of sulfuric acid negatively affects the state of the plates and in this aggressive environment they begin to quickly crumble.
Therefore, after washing the battery, so as not to get into the situation described above (we have a battery pack), filled to start the electrolyte with a density of 1.20 g / cm 3.
An electrolyte is agreed to increase the density, and distilled water. Clean sulfuric acid is not in any case.
The performance of the automotive battery is limited. When he fails, many just buy a new one. But almost every battery can be restored so that it still serves.
1 Battery Malfunctions - Symptoms of Disease
In the closed plastic container there are positive and negative plates. Inside the solution of hydrochloric acid is poured, referred to as an electrolyte, forming a galvanic pair with lead plates. The terminals serves a current from a charger or generator. When it is accumulated enough, the car battery becomes the source of electricity. It is spent on the engine start, the operation of the instruments and lighting.
The generator fills the loss of energy, but over time, for different reasons, the accumulated stock is missing for normal engine start. With the correct operation, there is a temporary factor: the plates are aging. Under certain conditions, you can restore the battery, breathe a new life into it. There are several resuscitation methods. To choose the most suitable, we first determine the reason for the inoperability.
The most common cause of dying is sulfate lead electrodes. The discharge is accompanied by the formation of plates on the plates. If you do not allow critical discharges, then when charging the crystals dissolve. But the causes of sulfate not only in deep discharges. It is also caused by other circumstances: permanent underwear, long storage in the discharged state.
Sulfate is quite easy to determine visually. We unscrew the plugs and inspect the plates. Light white-brown flare testifies to the presence of a process. Other features, including non-maintained acidic batteries:
- when charging, begins to boil very quickly;
- a fully charged battery does not twist the motor, sits in a few minutes from a regular light bulb;
- white bloom on the housing.
The second common fault is destroyed plates, their sprinkle. It is easily determined by black battery-colored acid. If there have been a lot of grilles, liven up such a voltage source is unlikely to succeed.
Neighboring plates can be closed. This occurs as a result of their deformation or sprinkling and formed at the bottom of the sludge. The closure occurs, as a rule, in one of the sections. A clear sign of KZ - electrolyte when charging in that jar does not boil or boils later, but the voltage indicator does not grow or grow very weakly.
Finally, the acid electrolyte can freeze. This happens when storing a strongly discharged battery in the cold. The ability to restore depends on the degree of damage to frost. If the ice-generated ice ripped the plastic case, then the plate, probably, was quenched, and they were closed, after defrosting, they will begin to crumble. If the housing is whole, wech the heat, and you can try to restore.
Any repairs start with cleaning. We remove the dirt from the surface, rinse with soda solution to neutralize the electrolyte, which is almost always on the lid. Cleans the terminals from the plaque with a small sandpaper. By the way, try how a car battery works with cleaned terminals. Often their oxidized surface does not allow to charge normally and to give electricity.
2 Simple desulfation - we use the usual charger
If the battery is overwhelmed, and the plates did not appear (electrolyte clean), it is possible to restore it using a simple charger. We need to break the flare on the plates. In serious literature, a pulse charging is recommended, alternation with discharging, strict hold of modes. Manually do it quite difficult, and special chargers are expensive.
In practice, everything can be done much easier. We use the simplest memory with a small alteration. We throw smoothing filters at the output of the lowering transformer. Instead, we establish a diode rectifier. Each of the four diodes is designed for current 10 A.
It will take a carometer to control the density of the electrolyte. We check it in all banks, recording the indicators. If there are 1.20 and lower, it's time to act. We look after the level: if there is an insufficient, pour the electrolyte standard density so that it closes the plates by 1 cm. We connect the charger, set the current 10% of the tank. If we have a battery of 60 Ah, then 6 A, you can less: 3-5 A.
In a simple memory, without fixing the parameters, the ammeter will first show some increase in current, then it will decrease, and the arrow is zoked in a certain position. From time to time, we watch the process in order not to miss the boiling start. After it, the current is reduced to 2 A, we continue to charge until it starts boiled again, and another 2 hours after that.
After graduation, the density is measured: it grows slightly. Leave the battery disconnected from the charger at the same time that it was charged. Again, we measure - we observe a small increase in density. If it has not come to normal, repeat the cycle. One day is left, usually the recovery occurs after 3-4, sometimes you have to repeat 5-6 times.
Never add an acid to an accumulated accumulator: it will only speed up the process and can lead to the death of the aggregate.
3 Second Method - Cycled Charge-discharge
There are automatic charge devices like "cedar" and similar. In the process of charging, they are independently disconnected at the right time. Pre-conduct a complete charge to the highest possible level. Then 3-5 days turn on in the workout mode. In parallel, we cling the light bulb from the rotary lamp, press the corresponding button. The process is happening: about a minute is charging, then 10 seconds discharge. After training, I charge finally.
Several schemes of homemade devices have been developed, which are similar to the factory, give a short pulse charge current and spend a small discharge in the intervals. The figure shows a diagram for which it is not difficult to create such a device if there is knowledge of radio engineering.
We connect it to the terminals and watch the LEDs. Green glow speaks of readiness for operation, and yellow and red - about the need for desulfation. We carry it out like this:
- we connect the device for a while until it is completely discharged (the D1 LED goes out);
- connect the memory and charge;
- we repeat the desulfate until green diodes D7, D8 appear.
Perhaps the process charge-discharge will have to repeat repeatedly. In particularly launched cases goes week and more. The feature of the device is that it consumes only 20 mA, it can be connected to the onboard network. It will constantly maintain the right state of the battery without affecting the operation of the generator.
If there is no pulse memory, but we cannot do it yourself, we try to use manual mode. We take a simple charger with fixed settings. I exhibit 14 V and 0.8 A, we leave for 8-10 hours. The voltmeter will show the increased parameters. Be sure to leave for a day to settle and charge again, but the current 2 A. Voltage with density will increase a bit.
Run the process of desulfation. We connect a light bulb. For 6-8 hours, we see the voltage drop to 9 V, we no longer admit - this is what we need. We will have to control the voltmeter. We repeat the cycles:
- night - I charge 0.8 A current;
- day costs;
- again the night - Charging 2 A.
Depending on the degree of launching, the process takes up to two weeks. A fully discharged battery is restored by 80%, which is enough to start the engine.
4 Change the electrolyte - return to the life of short-circuited batteries
If the liquid in banks has gained incomprehensible color: turbid, black, it will have to be replaced. This happens in very old, long-used batteries and short-circuit. In general, if the CW occurred due to lattice warp, it is possible to reanimate only by physical intervention.
On old batteries it was done simply: each bank was separate. Short-accumulated opened and installed new plates. Now all individual elements are enclosed in the common case, and such intervention is difficult, but maybe. On how to do it, tell me further, and now, how to change the electrolyte.
A short circuit is determined by black color, which has already been mentioned, and in charge. All banks begin to highlight the gas, and the shortly accumulated this does not happen. Further drain the electrolyte, pulling the pear. It is possible from one container, and better from all - the fill with fresh electrolyte does not prevent. Finding distilled water further, we slightly we swing the housing and carefully drain. Do not turn over so that the sludge is not stuck between the plates. We repeat until the water becomes clean.
In a bank with KZ, we resort to a more radical way. Serve a small hole 4-5 mm in the bottom of the housing, we drain the electrolyte and rinse with distilled water. All the sludge goes away, nothing remains. Hole close the plastic, applying a soldering iron. If the plates are not fed, then it will be enough to change the electrolyte.
The further process is happening like this:
- Pour the electrolyte with a density of 1.28. It is possible in two days to dissolve in it a pre-special additive for desulfation. Let's give to the day to come out.
- I charge 0.1 A current to the full density restoration, watching that there is no rapid boiling and severe body heating. If necessary, turn off, let it cool. We charge to 14-15 V.
- We look at the testimony of the area, reducing the current and leave for 2 hours. If during this time the density did not change, stop charging.
- We discharge a current of 0.5 a to 10 volts. If the indicator fell to this mark earlier than in 8 hours., Cycle repeat. If not - just charge to the nominal indicators.
And now about replacing the plates in an unclear battery with your own hands. Around it on top of cut plastic. Jumpers going to neighboring banks, disconnect in any way: we disappear or cut. We take out the package and rinse well in water to wash off the residues of the acid. Now we are looking for where it closes. We look at the plates and dielectric. Task: detect a particle that connects two plates.
Found - well, we remove it. First you should rinse, removing the whole thing, the package is installed in place. We restore the jumpers, glue the cover using glue, epoxy resin or melting with a soldering iron. Pour electrolyte and charge. If the plates are fused, you can use them from another old battery, selecting the least damaged package.
All work should be carried out in gloves and indoors with sufficient ventilation, and better in air: sulfuric acid and gases can cause harm to health.
5 chatter - the last chance in hopeless situation
If a strong voltage drop occurred in one of six tanks, when charging the poles change its value. A chain reaction is provoked, which leads to the same consequences in neighboring banks. The causes of the occurrence of such a situation are:
- excessive sulfate, non-recovery;
- incorrect connection of the battery for charging, which does not have protection against cords;
- dirt on the housing causing a constant self-discharge;
- the discharge is not controlled, a strong discharge occurred repeatedly;
- errors in the operation of the generator and other power supply and consumption devices.
The method of cakes is considered to be barbaric, but in other ways resuscitation is impossible. If there is a failure, there is nothing to regret, still the battery had one way - disposal.
To begin with, select the electrolyte from all cans with a carometer and look at the indicators. Reveal fully workers, patients and dead. Dead, as a rule, a little: one or two. Restore the container, by and large, follows only from them. But the solid body does not provide disassembly. You can use the technique described above to get to the defective banks.
We will tell you how to reassure all the containers at home, without resorting to the disassembly:
- First we discharge the old battery to zero, connecting some load, such as a car light bulb. We measure the voltage: if something remains, closing the terminals.
- In the rupture of the minor terminal of the charger, we include ballast resistance. Summer resistor 50 com. It will protect the plates from short circuit.
- Connect the wires from the memory in reverse polarity. Plus - to "minus" battery, minus - to "plus".
- We charge the current consisting of 10% of the container. The charge is gaining enough quickly, but the body is very heated.
- Lower the current to 2 A and continue to charge. Let me get bored with a low current 2 hours and turn off.
Checking the density: in normal containers it drops, in the killed rises. Further we carry out a strong discharge, closed the terminals. Connect to the charger, observing the correct polarity. We charge according to the above scheme. To restore it is recommended to make a reversive twice.
You should not resort to ignition when there are such signs of malfunction:
- in banks black electrolyte;
- short circuit;
- insufficient density level.
First, we use repair methods for a particular case, and if it does not help - we use the ransom.
The flushing of the battery refers to one of the non-core ways to restore it.
But as a rule, car services in this type of work do not do, as it is believed that this does not lead to tangible results.
Usually, batteries are washed and the electrolyte of car owners at home, as they try to extend the battery life and save on it.
When you need to rinse the battery, signs
Signs that will indicate not only on the need for washing the battery, but also to other problems:
The causes of the above features are:
It cannot be said that after washing the battery will restore its previous characteristics, most likely not, but for a while it can extend its service life.
Also, the dark color of the fluid indicates that the active substance from the plates is already beginning to crumble and the plates themselves have become thinner and you can not restore their thickness.
Therefore, even after washing the battery and the complete replacement of the electrolyte, it is not worth talking about a long period of battery life.
And yet, it should be understood that modern batteries in a plastic case with a common lid, especially those who are maintained, when closing the plates immediately change to new ones, since their disassembly, replacing the plates and the subsequent assembly with sealing is a clapboard.
To check on the closedness, the load plug is used if the battery does not hold the load (the voltage is constantly falling and lowered below 10 volts), it means that at least one bank is closed.
Stroke work
For flushing need:
Fully discharge the battery available for you. If banks are not closed (i.e. there is no sediment at the bottom), then a special design or rubber pear can be used to remove old electrolytes.
As for the construction, the moment is controversial, as specialists do not recommend tilting the battery greater than 45 degrees, since the shredded elements of the plates can close the latter.
But our people do not stop, especially many manage to drain the electrolyte, for flushing, drill holes in the housing.
At the final stage, pour distilled water again and let it stand for 3-4 hours.
If you understand that there is a precipitate (the bank is closed), then you should not turn the battery, as it is only aggravated by the situation.
Here, at the first stage, the liquid of rubber pear is extracted, then disassembly of the battery, cleaning it from sediment and old electrolyte, assembly and sealing. Is it worth doing this, everyone solves himself for himself.
Do not make mistakes with density
Before pouring a new electrolyte after washing the battery, analyze which situation has led you to these actions, because a mixture of sulfuric acid and distilled water is sold with different density - from 1.2 to 1.28 g / cm3. Which one to pour?
For example, in winter the battery was discharged, was on the street and in it, as a result of the density drop, the electrolyte frozen. Of course, in this situation the car will not start.
At this point, the battery is in a state of deep sulfation of minus plates.
What makes the driver in this situation? That's right, it heats the relatively warm and measured the density of the liquid, which is usually low 1.15 g / cm3. This brings to the erroneous idea to replace the liquid, the bay is the same, but with greater density. And here, as a rule, an error is allowed.
An important point is not taken into account - the density of the old electrolyte. As a rule, in winter, with a fully charged battery, it is equal to 1.27 g / cm3. The fusion was a liquid with a density of 1.15 g / cm3. And where are the remaining 0.12 g / cm3? And they are on minus plates in the form of a sulfatized plaque.
A person remembers the figure of 1.27 g / cm3 and, accordingly, it buys the electrolyte with the same density.
After the new liquid was filled into the battery, the latter, usually immediately charged. And what happens? As a result of charging and desulfation, the remaining 0.12 g / cm3 are somewhat from the plates and are added to the total density of 1.27 g / cm3, in the amount, 1.39 g / cm3 is obtained, and this is a digit approximate to the correction electrolyte density.
Therefore, in the case provided for example, it would be necessary to simply hold the CTC of the battery.
Or, if the charger allows, turn on the cyclic mode of short charge and discharge on it to lead the fluid density to the real one. You also need to connect to the battery any consumer of electricity, for example, lamp headlights.
A large density of sulfuric acid negatively affects the state of the plates and in this aggressive environment they begin to quickly crumble.
Therefore, after washing the battery, so as not to get into the situation described above (we have an acb space), filled with a density of 1.20 g / cm3 to start the electrolyte.
An electrolyte is agreed to increase the density, and distilled water. Clean sulfuric acid is not in any case.
