Home Engine How much does a fire extinguisher weigh? OU 5. Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers - design and technical characteristics. They are also used for stewing

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How much does a fire extinguisher weigh? OU 5. Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers - design and technical characteristics. They are also used for stewing

ABOUT oppressor at Hydrochloric acid OU-5 uses carbon dioxide to extinguish the flame. It cools the fire area and fills the air with inert substances that prevent the flame from flaring up again. Carbon dioxide does not come into direct contact with the wires, so it does not create a short circuit. Suitable for extinguishing fire or smoking equipment.

Advantages of the OU-5 fire extinguisher

High efficiency.
Leaves no traces of extinguishing.
Suitable for extinguishing equipment.
Safety for people.
Compact sizes.

Rules of application

Please note that this model is not intended for extinguishing substances that can burn without oxygen. This fire fighting equipment is used to prevent fires in transport, residential and industrial premises. Due to the fact that it is small, you can easily find a place for it even in a small room: it can be mounted on special hooks on the wall.

It is important not to place the equipment near heating devices and to recharge every 5 years. Weigh the fire extinguisher once a year: if the weight has changed, an extraordinary recharge is needed

Characteristics of carbon dioxide fire extinguisher

Case capacity - 6.7 l
Charge weight - 5-0.25 kg/l
Duration of OTV supply - 8 seconds
Jet length - 3 m
Fire extinguishing ability by class - 55B
Weight - 14.9 kg
Overall dimensions (diameter, height) - 135×700
Fire extinguishing agent - Carbon dioxide
Operating temperature - from -40 to +50
Service life - 5 years before recharging
Recharge frequency (with annual weight control) - once every 5 years
The frequency of re-examination of the cylinder is after 10 years.

Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers (they are also called “CO2 fire extinguishers”) are widely used during the implementation of measures to ensure fire protection of enterprises, offices and other facilities where there is a danger of ignition of materials whose combustion is impossible without access to air.

They are also used for extinguishing:

local ignitions in document archives, art galleries and other similar objects;
fires of vehicles, including electrified ones (trolleybuses, trams, electric locomotives);
flammable liquid substances insoluble in water;
fires of electrical installations under voltage up to 10,000 volts.

Technical characteristics and application features

All technical parameters of carbon dioxide fire extinguishers are specified in state standards and technical specifications for specific models. However, in the variety of existing parameters, it is possible to identify common characteristics inherent in all carbon dioxide fire extinguishers:

The duration of release of the fire extinguishing agent (FEC) for fire extinguishers is:
- portable – 6…10 sec;
- mobile -15…20 sec.
OTS jet length for fire extinguishers:
- portable – 2…3 meters;
- mobile - at least 4 meters.
Operating temperature range – from -40 to +50 degrees Celsius.
Maximum internal pressure – 15 MPa.

Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers have a number of operational features that distinguish them from other similar devices:

All fire extinguishers are used to extinguish fires of classes B (flammable liquids), C (flammable gases) and E (electrical equipment).
When extinguishing energized electrical installations, the distance from the fire zone to the fire extinguisher nozzle-diffuser must be at least 1 meter.
The use of these fire extinguishers is not permitted when extinguishing fires of classes A (solid flammable substances) and D (substances that burn without air access), as well as electrical installations energized by more than 10 kV.
The fundamental difference between carbon dioxide fire extinguishers and all others is that their use does not lead to damage to fire objects, and carbon dioxide does not damage or leave marks on paper, fabrics, etc. It is for this reason that they are widely used when equipping warehouses with primary fire protection equipment , offices, etc.

Attention: too high a concentration of carbon dioxide in relation to the volume of the room where the fire occurred will cause poisoning of operating personnel. Therefore, when extinguishing a fire, the number of people in the room should be limited, and after finishing work with the fire extinguisher, the room should be ventilated.

Classification and principle of operation

Carbon dioxide fire extinguishers are classified according to the volume of the cylinder. They are divided into:

Portable(useful capacity of the cylinder does not exceed 8 liters).
Mobile, having a cylinder working volume from 10 to 80 liters.

Their operating principle is built according to the same scheme. Liquefied low-temperature carbon dioxide of a certain volume is pumped into a steel cylinder under high pressure. The fire extinguisher is activated by a special locking and triggering mechanism, after which the fire extinguishing agent is released due to the existing excess pressure. The value of this pressure is strictly regulated (5.7 MPa at a temperature of +20 degrees Celsius) and is controlled during the filling process of the cylinder.

During the release of the charge, it transitions from a liquefied state to a gaseous state. At the same time, the volume of carbon dioxide increases 400...500 times, and the temperature instantly drops to -70 degrees Celsius, due to which partial crystallization (snow) of the fire extinguishing composition occurs. Extinguishing a fire occurs due to the sharp cooling of the fire zone with the simultaneous displacement of oxygen from it and the neutralization of the flammable medium of the flame with an inert substance.

IMPORTANT: When working with carbon dioxide fire extinguishers, it is recommended to constantly remember that touching its metal parts leads to frostbite on your hands.

Device

In general, a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher is structurally a steel cylinder, in the neck of which a locking and triggering mechanism is installed. Carbon dioxide enters this mechanism through a siphon tube located inside the cylinder. The fire extinguisher is also equipped with a diffuser socket, which is designed to direct carbon dioxide to the source of fire.

However, fire extinguishers have some design differences, depending on what type they are:

Portable fire extinguishers

They have a wooden handle for carrying.
They are equipped with a valve or push-type locking and starting mechanism.
Fire extinguishers with a volume of more than 3 liters are equipped with a 0.4 m long hose on which a diffuser socket is installed.
For fire extinguishers with a smaller cylinder volume, the socket-diffuser with a discharge tube is installed directly on the locking and triggering mechanism.

Mobile fire extinguishers

Equipped with a lever locking and starting mechanism.
Equipped with a carbon dioxide supply hose at least 1 meter long.
Fire extinguishers with a cylinder capacity of 10 liters are equipped with a handle and small wheels for easy transportation.
A 20-liter fire extinguisher consists of two 10-liter cylinders connected to each other, having common wheels and a handle for transportation.
The fire extinguisher, designed for 40 liters of carbon dioxide, is placed on a special trolley, which is equipped with a wheel at the base of the cylinder and two wheels at its neck.
An 80-liter fire extinguisher is a device consisting of two paired 40-liter cylinders. The cylinders are placed in a trolley on inflatable wheels, which, if necessary, is fixed in a horizontal position using a special support stand. Their locking and triggering mechanisms are connected to each other by a special manifold with two hoses at least 3 meters long, equipped with diffuser bells with pistol-type levers. This system is operated by 2 people, and one must control the operation of the trigger mechanisms.

Terms of use

When storing fire extinguishers, the following requirements must be met:

fire extinguishers should be located in easily accessible places, away from heating and heating devices;
prevent fire extinguishers from being exposed to direct sunlight;
Check the charge weight regularly, at least once every two years.

In the event of a fire, immediately take the following actions:

deliver a fire extinguisher to the fire site;
remove the pin or tear off the seal;
direct the diffuser bell to the sunbathing area;
activate the locking and starting mechanism, for which purpose, if it relates to:
- valve type, then unscrew the valve flywheel counterclockwise until it stops;
- push type, then press the lever;
- lever type, then rotate the lever 180 degrees until it stops.

Important information

When deciding to purchase a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher, you need to make sure that it has special markings:

Trademark of the manufacturer, date of re-examination, serial number, working and test pressure values, capacity and weight of the cylinder, as well as the manufacturer’s quality control stamp. This marking must be applied indelibly to the top of the cylinder (around the circumference).
The weight of the cylinder with the shut-off and trigger mechanism (without fire extinguishing agent) must be present directly on the device.
Factory serial number of the fire extinguisher, date of manufacture and additional information in accordance with current state standards. The data is indicated on the label attached to the fire extinguisher.

If such data is not available, it is better to refrain from purchasing such a fire extinguisher.

Prohibited: the use of fire extinguishers that do not have a receipt or seal from the company that charged (or recharged) them.

Currently, one of the most common, convenient and highly effective fire extinguishing devices is the OU-5 fire extinguisher. The model is intended for extinguishing materials that ignite when exposed to oxygen, some flammable liquid substances, as well as electrical installations operating under high voltage up to 10 thousand volts.

Due to its compact size and ease of use, the OU-5 fire extinguisher is often used in museums, archives, art galleries, and other rooms where flammable materials are stored.

Purpose

OU-5 fire extinguishers are indispensable when extinguishing papers, flammable gaseous substances, flammable liquids, electronics and electrical equipment. At the same time, the use of devices of this type turns out to be ineffective when it is necessary to suppress flames when solid materials ignite, as well as substances that can support combustion in the absence of access to oxygen.

Fire extinguisher OU-5: characteristics

Suppression of fires with a fire extinguisher is based on cooling objects and substances that are in the combustion zone. In this case, the environment is diluted with inert, non-flammable substances of high concentration, which create conditions for stopping the combustion reaction.

OU-5 fire extinguishers have the following technical characteristics:

weight - 15 kg;
release time of inert non-flammable substances - 8 seconds;
jet length 3 meters;
operating temperature - ranging from 5 to 50 o C;
fire extinguishing agent carbon dioxide;
service life - more than 5 years with annual maintenance and charge weight monitoring.

Features of application

The OU-5 fire extinguisher is activated by removing the sealed pin. The socket of the device is directed towards the source of ignition. In this case, you should avoid contact of exposed skin with the active substance, since when released, its temperature drops to a dangerous limit from 60 to 70 degrees below zero.

The fire extinguisher is activated by releasing the trigger, locking device of the lever, which must be opened all the way. Using the same lever, you can interrupt or completely stop the supply of carbon dioxide substances.

General rules of use

Before using the OU-5 fire extinguisher, it is necessary to determine the type of fire in order to understand how suitable and effective this model will be in the existing conditions.

It is necessary to suppress ignitions by directing the fire extinguisher nozzle from the windward side, gradually moving deeper into the flame. When extinguishing liquid flammable substances, the bell should first be directed to the leading edge of the fireplace, and not to the open flame, moving towards the center as the fire is suppressed.

Inflamed vertical surfaces, as well as flammable liquid pouring from a height, must be extinguished from top to bottom. In this case, if possible, it is better to use several devices of this type simultaneously.

You should not bring the fire extinguisher OU-5 (3), which makes it possible to extinguish electronics and burning electrical installations, closer to electrical appliances at a distance closer than indicated on the model label.

When extinguishing a fire, you need to ensure that the flame does not flare up again, and under no circumstances turn your back to the fire. After using a fire extinguisher, you should send it for recharging.

The OU-5 model is subject to regular, periodic leak testing, which should be performed at least once every six months. The weight is also subject to verification - it must comply with the standards specified in the passport data of this fire extinguisher model.

If the weight of the cylinder when measured is less than the specified values according to the technical specifications or the service life of the cylinder is exceeded, the fire extinguisher must be sent for maintenance. If necessary, it is recharged by a service station specialist.

CO2 (carbon dioxide) fire extinguishers are designed to extinguish fires of various substances, the combustion of which cannot occur without access to air, fires on electrified railway and public transport, electrical installations under voltage up to 1000 V, fires in museums, art galleries and archives.

Summary technical characteristics of the main portable and mobile fire extinguishers are given in table. 1.1.

Table 1.1

Fire extinguisher brand C0 2	Capacity, l	Charge weight, kg	Maximum operating pressure, MPa (kgf/cm2)	ITV output time, s not less	Fire class and model size	Weight of fire extinguisher with charge, kg, no more	Operating temperature range
Portable
OU-1.5	1,5	1,05	15(150)	8	10V	4,5	-40 +50
OU-2	2	1,4	15(150)	8	10V	6,5	-40 +50
OU-3	3	2,1	15(150)	8	13V	6,8	-40 +50
OU-5	5	3.5	15(150)	9	34V	14	-40 +50
OU-6	6	4,2	15(150)	10	34V	14,5	-40 +50
OU-8	8	5,6	15(150)	12	55V	15,8	-40 +50
Mobile
OU-10	10	7	15(150)	15	55V	30	-40 +50
OU-20	20	14	15(150)	15	55V	50	-40 +50
OU-25	25	17,5	15(150)	15	55V	75	-40 +50
OU-30	30	21	15(150)	15	89B	85	-40 +50
OU-40	40	28	15(150)	15	89B	BY	-40 +50
OU-80	2-40	56	15(150)	15	144V	239	-40 +50

1.1.1. Portable carbon dioxide fire extinguishers

Figure 1.1 shows a general view of portable carbon dioxide fire extinguishers. Fire extinguishers OU-6 (a) and OU-8 (b) have a hose at least 1 m long with a socket and a wooden handle.

In Fig. 1.2 shows the device of a portable carbon dioxide fire extinguisher. It consists of a steel cylinder 1; locking and starting device of push (pistol) type 2; siphon tube 3; bell 4; handles for carrying the fire extinguisher 5. A charge of carbon dioxide 7 is pumped into the fire extinguisher body under pressure.

The operation of a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher is based on the displacement of a charge of carbon dioxide under the influence of its own excess pressure, which is set when the fire extinguisher is filled. Carbon dioxide is in a cylinder under a pressure of 5.7 MPa (58 kgf/cm2) at an ambient temperature of 20°C. The maximum operating pressure in the cylinder at a temperature of +50°C should not exceed 15 MPa (150 kgf/cm2).

When the locking and starting device is opened (pressing lever 2), the CO2 charge is supplied through the siphon tube 3 to the bell 4. In this case, carbon dioxide transitions from a liquefied state to a snow-like (solid) state, accompanied by a sharp drop in temperature to minus 70°C.

The fire extinguishing effect of carbon dioxide is based on cooling the combustion zone and diluting the flammable vapor-gas-air environment with an inert (non-flammable) substance to concentrations at which the combustion reaction stops.

1. Pull out pin 6 or break the seal.

2. Direct the bell 4 towards the source of the fire.

3. In a push-type locking and starting device, press lever 2, in a valve-type device, turn the handwheel counterclockwise until it stops, and in a lever-type device (used in mobile fire extinguishers, Fig. 1.3) turn the lever 180° until it stops.

Design and principle of operation of the locking and starting device.

(ZPU) lever type (Fig. 1.3)

The head of the shut-off and starting device is screwed with shank 6 into the neck of the cylinder. When lever 1 is raised, the shut-off valve is pressed by spring 2 to seat 4. The shut-off and trigger device is activated by turning lever 1 all the way, as shown in the figure with a dotted line. In this case, due to the displacement of the center of the axis, the lever with the protrusion of the eccentric surface presses on the valve stem 8 and opens the valve to release the charge of the fire extinguishing agent from the cylinder. To stop the flow of gas, lever 1 should be turned to its original position. The lever is secured from accidental activation by a seal 10.

Rice. 1.3. Lever-type locking and starting device UN-52: 1 - lever; 2 - spring; 3 - gasket; 4 - valve seat; 5 - nut; 6 - shank; 7 - cuff; 8 - valve stem; 9 - lever axis; 10- seal.

Fire extinguisher operating and safety instructions

Operation of fire extinguishers without receipts and seals from the manufacturer or the organization that carried out the recharging is not allowed.

Fire extinguishers should be placed in easily accessible and visible places where they are not exposed to direct sunlight and are not directly exposed to heating devices.

Operating and storage temperature from minus 40 to plus 50°C.

When extinguishing electrical installations that are under voltage, it is not allowed to bring the socket closer than 1 m to the electrical installation and the flame.

After using a fire extinguisher indoors, the room must be ventilated.

Care must be taken when releasing the charge from the socket, since the temperature on its surface drops to minus 60-70°C.

Recharging and repair of fire extinguishers must be carried out in specialized organizations at charging stations.

The fire extinguisher cylinder must undergo re-examination 5 years after the fire extinguisher is manufactured.

The mass of the fire extinguisher charge must be checked at least once every two years. The mass of the cylinder with the shut-off and start-up head is stamped on the body of the shut-off device. The total mass of the fire extinguisher is determined by adding to it the mass of CO2 indicated on the label or in the passport.

Transportation of the fire extinguisher is allowed by all types of transport.

Mobile carbon dioxide fire extinguishers

Figure 1.4 shows the main types of mobile carbon-acid fire extinguishers:

a) OU-10 (TU 4854-152-21352393-95).

b) OU-40 (TU 22-150-133-92);

c) OU-80 (TU 22-150-128-89);

1.1.2. Mobile fire extinguishers

Fire extinguishers OU-10(Fig. 1.4, a) have a mass of carbon dioxide charge (7±0.1) kg. The working pressure inside the cylinder is 14.7 MPa. The test pressure of the cylinder during vessel certification is 22.1 MPa. Operating temperature range from -40 to +50°C.

Extinguishing is carried out with the fire extinguisher in a vertical position. After releasing the lever of the shut-off and start-up device head from the seal (check), the bell is directed to the source of the fire and the start lever on the cylinder head is pressed.

Fire extinguishers OU-20(TU 4854-158-21352393-95) are a paired OU-10 installation, have two cylinders with

soy carbon dioxide charge (14-0.2) kg. The fire extinguisher is activated by turning the locking and starting device levers on both cylinders, as shown in Fig. 1.3, and by pressing the lever at the bell.

Fire extinguishers OU-40(Fig. 1.4, b) are a cylinder mounted on a trolley with two wheels at the neck and one wheel at the cylinder shoe. A lever-type shut-off and release device is screwed into the neck of the cylinder, to which is attached a hose with a socket at the other end.

Fire extinguishers OU-80(Fig. 1.4, c) consist of two cylinders with carbon dioxide located on a trolley with two pneumatic wheels. The trolley has a support stand for installing the fire extinguisher in a horizontal position. The cylinders are equipped with lever-type shut-off and release devices connected by a manifold to two hoses, at the ends of which sockets with levers are attached. The fire extinguisher is operated by two people, one of whom removes the hose from the bracket and directs the socket at the burning object, and the second opens the shut-off valve. cylinder starting devices.

Powder fire extinguishers are used as the primary means of extinguishing fires of class A (solids), B (liquids), C (gaseous substances) and electrical installations energized up to 1000 V.

Fire extinguishers are not intended to extinguish fires of alkali and alkaline earth metals and other materials, the combustion of which can occur without air access.

Summary technical characteristics of the main portable and mobile powder fire extinguishers are given in table. 1.2.

1.2.1. Portable fire extinguishers

1.2.1.1. With built-in gas (gas-generating) pressure source

Figure 1.5 shows the design of powder fire extinguishers of the unified OPU-5-01 and OPU-10-04.

The fire extinguisher consists of a body 1 filled with fire extinguishing powder. A head 6 with a striker is secured to the neck of the body by means of a union nut. Installed on the head: gas source - ICG

Table 1.2

Fire extinguisher brand	Quantity of fire extinguishing agents, kg	Fire extinguishing ability	Working pressure*, MPa (kgf/cm2)	Submission time of OTV, s, not less	Release length, m	Overall dimensions, HxLxB, mm	Weight, kg	Gas cylinder capacity, l
Portable
OP-1(b)	0,85	1A, 13V	1,2(12)	5	3	137x100	2 2	0,06
OP-1(z)	1,0	1A, 13V	1,6(16)	6	3	316x135	2 2	-
OP-2(z)	2,0	1A, 21B	1,6(16)	6	3	325x150	3,7	-
OP-3(z)	3,0	2A, 34V	1,6(16)	8	h	428x150	5,2	-
OP-5(z)	5,0	2A, 55 V	1,6(16)	10	3,5	450x320	8,2	-
OP-5(b)	5,0	2A, 55 V	1,2(12)	10	3,5	450x320	9	0,175
OP-10(z)	10,0	4A, 144V	1,6(16)	13	4,5	628x350	16	-
OP-10(b)	10,0	4A, 144V	1,2(12)	13	4,5	628x350	16	0,350
Mobile
OP-50(b)	42,5	10A, 233V	1,2(12)	25	6	1020x460x480	100	1,5
OP-50(z)	42,5	10A, 233V	1,2(12)	20	6	1020x460x480	85	-
OP- 100(z)	85,0	15A,233V-3	1,2(12)	45	6	1300x700x1000	200	-
OP-100(6)	90,2	15A,233V-3	1,5(15)	45	15	1170x630x800	167	3
With gas generating element
OP-6(g)	5,0	2A, 55V	1.17±0.1 2	6	3,0	480x150	9	-
OP-10(g)	8,0	4A, 144V	(11.7±1) 2	10	4,5	730x150	13	-
Download special
OPA-2(z)	2,0	2A, 21B	1,6(16)	5	1-1,5	200x120	4	-
OPA-3(z)	3	2A, 34V	1,6(16)	5	1-1,5	350x150	5,5	-
OPA-4(z)	4	2A, 55V	1,6(16)	5	1-1,5	428x180	8	-
OPA-6(z)	6	FOR, 89V	1,6(16)	5	1-1,5	650x180	12	-
Universal
OPU-5 OPU-5	4	2A, 55V	0,8 (8)	6	3	420x150	8,8	-
OPU-5OPU-10	9	4A, 144V	0,8 (8)	9	3	420x210	15	-

* Operating pressure is given for ambient temperature (20+5)°C.

** Universal (unified) fire extinguishers can be supplied either with a gas-generating device or with a compressed gas cylinder.

pos. 2 (or gas generator GGU pos. 9), siphon tube 4, start handle 5.

The fire extinguisher is equipped with a flexible hose 7, a spray gun 8, which consists of a handle 12 with a movable spring-loaded fitting, a divider 11 and a nozzle 10.

Operating principle fire extinguisher is based on the use of compressed gas energy to aerate and release fire extinguishing powder.

Rice. 1.5. Unified powder fire extinguishers

To activate the fire extinguisher, it is necessary to pull out the sealed pin and lift up the trigger handle 5, while the striker activates the gas source 3 or 9, as a result of which the working gas through the gas outlet tube 2, when using an ICG, or the hole in the housing 9 of the gas generator GGU is aerated powder and creates the required excess pressure inside the fire extinguisher body.

Further control of the operation of the fire extinguisher is carried out by pressing the handle 12 of the spray gun 8 with your hand, while the fire extinguishing powder is supplied to the source of the fire through the flexible hose 7 and the spray gun.

Operating procedure and maintenance fire extinguishers

Extinguishing must be done from the windward side from a distance of at least 3-4 meters.

After finishing the extinguishing, you need to press handle 3 and throw away the rest of the powder.

Charged fire extinguishers can be stored and transported in both vertical and horizontal positions.

The fire extinguisher must be inspected once every four years.

Recharging, repair and inspection of fire extinguishers must be carried out in specialized organizations.

1.2.1.2. Portable powder fire extinguishers with compressed gas cylinders OP-5(b) and OP-10(b) TU 4854-167-21352393-97

In Fig. 1.6 shows the design of fire extinguishers of this type. Fire extinguishers consist of: body 1; gas cartridge 2; locking and starting device lever 3; siphon tube 4; tubes for supplying working gas to the lower part of the fire extinguisher body 5; hose 6; nozzle (barrel) 8 and powder charge 9.

The operation of a fire extinguisher is based on the displacement of the fire extinguishing powder composition under the influence of excess pressure created by the working gas.

To activate the fire extinguisher, it is necessary to pull out the sealed pin 10 and lift up the trigger handle 3, while the striker activates the gas source 2, as a result of which the working gas through the gas outlet tube 5 aerates the powder and creates the required excess pressure inside the fire extinguisher body.

Further control of the operation of the fire extinguisher is carried out by pressing the handle 7 and nozzle 8 with your hand.

Carbon dioxide is used as the working gas. In fire extinguishers OP-5(b) the capacity of the working gas cartridge is 0.175 l, in OP-10(b) - 0.350 l. The length of the powder jet, in this case, is 3.5 and 4.5 m, respectively.

Both types of fire extinguishers allow up to 5 operations with an intermittent supply of powder. The maximum duration of fire extinguishers with intermittent powder supply is 120 s. The average service life of fire extinguishers is 10 years.

Maintenance is carried out once every two years.

1.2.1.3. Powder injection fire extinguishers OP-1(z) and OP-2(z) TU 4854-001-07503201-97

Fire extinguishers are reusable products.

Design and principle of operation

Figure 1.7 shows the structure of a fire extinguisher. The fire extinguisher consists of a body 1 filled with fire extinguishing powder, in the neck of which a trigger head 8 is fixed, containing a tube 2, a valve 3, a trigger handle 6, a handle for carrying the fire extinguisher 4, a pin 5, and a pressure indicator 7.

The principle of operation of the fire extinguisher is based on the use of compressed gas energy (air, class 5 GOST 17433) to eject fire extinguishing powder.

Once a quarter, it is necessary to check using the indicator whether the operating gas pressure in the fire extinguisher body corresponds to its established value. The indicator arrow should be in the green sector of the scale.

Once a year, it is necessary to carry out a technical inspection of fire extinguishers at charging stations with a note on the inspection results in the passport (magazine).

When extinguishing a fire you must:

1. Check the presence of working pressure in the housing using indicator 7.

2. Using handle 4, bring the fire extinguisher to the fire site on the windward side at a distance of at least 3-4 m.

4. Press the start handle 6.

After the end of extinguishing, you must press the start handle and throw out the remaining powder, while the head nozzle should be directed away from you.

1.2.1.4. Portable powder fire extinguishers OP-5(z) and OP-10(z) TU 4854-157-21352393-97

Depending on the type of powder, fire extinguishers are designed to extinguish fires of the following classes: PSB-3 - classes B, C and E;

P-2AP - classes A, B, C and E;

PHC - classes B, C, D and E;

Pirant - classes A, B, C and E.

Fire extinguisher design

Fire extinguishers consist of (Fig. 1.9): housing 1; charge 2 (powder); siphon tube 3; space for working (displacing) gas 4; pressure gauge 5; handles for carrying fire extinguisher 6; heads with lever 7 of the locking and starting device; hose 8 with nozzle.

To activate the fire extinguisher you must:

1. Break pin 9 (seal).

3. Press lever 7 sharply and release quickly.

4. After 5 seconds, press lever 7, directing a stream of powder onto the fire. Maintenance of fire extinguishers consists of:

in checking the working gas pressure - once a year;

in checking the condition of fire extinguishing powder - once every five years;

in re-examination of the cylinder - after 5 years.

The gas pressure is checked visually using indicator (pressure gauge) 5. The indicator arrow should be in the green sector.

1.2.2. Mobile powder fire extinguishers

1.2.2.1. Mobile powder fire extinguisher OP-50(z)-10A, 233V-U2 TU 4854-162-21352393-96

PSB-3 - classes B, C and E;

PF - classes A, B, C and E;

PHC - classes B, C, D and E;

Pirant - classes A, B, C and E.

Fire extinguisher device

The pump-in powder fire extinguisher OP-50(z) consists of (Fig. 1.10): a sealed housing 1, in the neck of which the head 3 of the shut-off and starting device with a siphon tube is secured with a nut. A handle 4 with an eccentric surface is fixed to the head in a bracket, which, when rotated, acts on the rod and ensures the opening of the shut-off valve. In this case, under the influence of compressed gas, the gas-powder mixture is ejected through a siphon tube, a channel in the neck, and hose 2 with a nozzle at the end in the form of an expanding jet onto the fire. To stop the flow of powder, handle 4 should be turned to its original position. The handle is secured against accidental activation by a pin.

The working pressure is controlled using pressure gauge 5.

Preparing the fire extinguisher for extinguishing:

1. Bring the fire extinguisher to the fire site at a distance of 3-5 m (depending on the size of the fire and heat generation).

2. Pull the pin.

3. Unfold the hose and point the nozzle at the burning surface. It should be remembered that when the fire extinguisher is turned on, a reactive force of up to 30 kgf acts on its body and nozzles.

4. Turn handle 4 of the locking and starting device 180° to a fixed position.

Operating procedure:

1. Fires in open areas should be extinguished from the windward side.

2. Direct the jet of powder at the leading front of the burning surface at an angle of 5° and 15°, quickly moving the nozzle, cutting the flame. Ensure that the entire burning surface is covered with a powder cloud, create the highest concentration of powder in the burning zone and step on the burning center as the fire retreats from the leading edge.

3. If there is a burning spill of fuel near technological equipment, start extinguishing the fire from the burning spill and then move directly to the equipment.

4. Extinguishing flammable liquids with an area of more than 8 m2 and a burning time of more than 1 minute should be carried out with several fire extinguishers simultaneously.

5. In the presence of smoldering materials (wood, paper, fabric, etc.), the powder only knocks down the flame from their surface, but does not stop complete combustion (smoldering). Therefore, it is necessary to use water and foam fire extinguishers in addition to the powder.

6. Extinguishing the fire of gases, as well as liquids flowing from the holes, should be done by directing a stream of powder from the hole along the flowing flammable stream until the torch is completely separated.

7. Extinguish live installations from a distance of no closer than 1 m. Maintenance of the fire extinguisher consists of:

in checking the working gas pressure - once a year; in checking the condition of the fire extinguishing powder - once every 5 years; in re-examination of the cylinder - after 5 years. Check the gas pressure visually using an indicator (pressure gauge). The indicator arrow should be in the green sector.

1.2.2.2. Powder fire extinguisher OP-100.01 TU 22-141-01-87

Depending on the type of powder, the fire extinguisher is designed to extinguish fires of the following classes:

PSB-3 - fires of classes B, C and E;

P-2AP, Pirant-AN - fires of classes A, B, C and E.

Fire extinguisher device

The fire extinguisher consists of (Fig. 1.11): a vessel with powder 1; cylinder 2 for working gas (low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide according to GOST 8050); exhaust valve with nozzle (barrel) 3; hose 4; moving devices (wheels) 5.

The working gas cylinder 2 has a valve or lever type shut-off head.

The principle of operation of the fire extinguisher is based on the creation of excess pressure in the fire extinguisher body by carbon dioxide, which is supplied from a cylinder with working gas. Under this pressure, the powder flows to the exhaust valve and is released through the nozzle when the exhaust valve opens onto the fire.

If the air pressure in the vessel increases to 1.5 MPa (15 kgf/cm2) with the outlet valve closed, the pressure will be released through a safety valve installed on the lid of the vessel.

If a fire occurs, you must:

1. Bring the fire extinguisher to the source of fire (at a distance of 5-10 m from the source) and install it in a vertical position.

2. Remove the outlet valve and unwind the hose. Make sure there are no kinks or twists in the hose.

3. Break the seal and turn the lever of the locking head of the cylinder with working gas 2 until it stops (open the cylinder valve).

4. After 3-5 seconds, start extinguishing by opening the exhaust valve from the near edge of the fire.

The powder supply is stopped by closing the outlet valve.

1.3. Air foam fire extinguishers

1.3.1. Portable fire extinguishers OVP-10

Air-foam fire extinguishers OVP-10 (TU 10-4854-017-02767964-96) are designed to extinguish fires of class A (solid substances) - 2A and B (liquid substances) - 55B (1.73 m 2).

Operating temperature range from +5 to +50°C. The total weight of the fire extinguisher does not exceed 15 kg.

To extinguish class A fires, fire extinguishers of the OVP-10A brand with a low-expansion foam generator are produced.

To extinguish class B fires, OVP-10V brand fire extinguishers with a medium expansion foam generator are produced.

Air-foam fire extinguishers are not allowed to extinguish live electrical installations, as well as alkali metals.

In Fig. 1.12 shows the design of fire extinguishers of this type. Air-foam fire extinguishers consist of: body 1 filled with a fire extinguishing agent (an aqueous charge solution based on secondary alkyl sulfates); siphon tube 2; high pressure cartridge with working gas 3 (HVD); handles for carrying fire extinguisher 4; 5 heads with start button; flexible hose 6, at the end of which is a pistol-type shut-off device (ZPU) 7 to control the supply of fire extinguishing agent and nozzles 8 for producing foam.

The principle of operation of the fire extinguisher is based on the use of compressed gas energy to eject the fire extinguishing agent with the formation of medium (low) expansion foam using a nozzle.

To activate the fire extinguisher, it is necessary to pull out the pin and hit the button of the head 5. In this case, the needle opens the fire extinguisher membrane. The working gas enters the cavity of housing 1 and creates the required excess pressure in it, amounting to 1.17 ± 0.12 MPa (12 ± 1.2 kgf/cm 2).

Further control of the operation of the fire extinguisher is carried out by pressing the handle 7 of the fire extinguisher with your hand, while the fire extinguishing agent is supplied to the source of the fire through a flexible hose 6 and nozzles 8. In this case, the minimum length of the fire extinguishing agent jet is 3.0 m. The duration of the fire extinguishing agent supply is 40 s.

Fire extinguishers OVP-10 are supplied without a working charge in the housing. The delivery set includes a separate charge (foaming agent). The charge is a homogeneous mass from white to light yellow in color without foreign inclusions, packed in a double plastic bag or a hermetically sealed polymer vessel. The charge weight for ORP-10 is 2 kg. The charge is protected by hygienic certificate 601 dated October 24, 1994, and is a non-flammable and non-explosive product.

To prepare a working solution of the fire extinguishing agent, it is necessary to dissolve the charge (foaming agent) in 8.5 liters of water at a temperature of 25-30°C. The resulting solution is filtered through a mesh with a mesh size of no more than 0.8 mm and poured into the fire extinguisher body.

After 1 year of storage, aqueous solutions of charges must be selectively checked for foaming rate according to TU 4854-050-0857830-94.

The designated service life of fire extinguishers is 10 years.

1.3.2. Mobile fire extinguishers OVP-100.01

The mobile fire extinguisher OVP-100.01 (TU 22-141-02-87) is designed to extinguish fires of classes A (combustion of solids) and B (combustion of liquids).

The fire extinguisher cannot be used to extinguish substances that burn without access to air (cotton, pyroxylin, etc.), alkali metals and electrical installations under voltage.

The main technical data of the OVP-100 fire extinguisher are given in Table 1.3.

Design and principle of operation

The fire extinguisher consists of (Fig. 1.13): vessel body 1; working gas cylinder 2; rubber hose 3; foam generator 4; moving devices (wheels) 5.

A safety valve is installed on the lid of the fire extinguisher vessel, designed to relieve pressure from the vessel when the pressure of the medium in it exceeds the permissible limit.

The principle of operation of the fire extinguisher is based on the creation of excess pressure in the fire extinguisher body with liquid carbon dioxide (GOST 8050), which is supplied from cylinder 2 charged with the working gas. Under this pressure, the charge enters the foam generator 4, where the sprayed jet, ejecting air, forms air-mechanical foam on the mesh, which is thrown onto the fire. Rice. 1.13. Fire extinguisher ORP -100.01

Table 1.3

The name of indicators	Values
Fire extinguishing ability when extinguishing gasoline A-76 GOST 2084 with foaming agent PO-1, m 2, not less	6,5
Case capacity, l	100+5
Working gas cylinder capacity, l	2+0,1
Weight of fire extinguishing agent, foam concentrate, kg: PO-1 GOST 6948; PO-1D TU 38-10793; PO-6K TU 38-10740	5,5+0,5
PER TU 38-10923	2,8+0,4
water, l	85+2
Working pressure in the vessel, MPa (kgf/cm2), no more	0,8 (8)
Working gas	CO2
Weight of CO2 in the cylinder, kg	1,4+0,1
Hose length, m, not less	5+0,3
Duration of supply of fire extinguishing agent, s, no more	45. ..65
Duration of activation of the fire extinguisher, s	10
Length of the fire extinguishing agent jet, effective, m, not less	6,5
Number of service personnel, people.	1
Fire extinguisher weight, total, kg, no more	148
Overall dimensions, mm, no more:
height	1170
width	630
length	630
Operating temperature, °C	from 5 to 50
Foam ratio, not less	70

Preparing the fire extinguisher for use and operating procedures

1. Bring the fire extinguisher to the fire source at a distance of 5-6 m and install it vertically, as shown in the figure.

2. Unwind the rubber hose and point the foam generator at the source of the fire.

3. Open the locking device of the cylinder charged with the working gas until it stops.

After using the fire extinguisher, its body is washed with water and both the fire extinguisher body and the working gas cylinder are charged.

1. Daily maintenance (TO-1):

1.1. Visually check the condition of fire extinguisher locations. Places of placement should not be cluttered, passages to the fire extinguisher should be clear.

1.2. Check the appearance of the fire extinguisher, the presence of seals on the cylinder locking head, and the safety valve.

2. Work performed every six months (TO-2):

2.1. Carry out the work provided for by TO-1.

2.2. Checking the reliable operation of the working gas cylinder. The cylinder is disconnected and weighed. Weighing data is entered into the table of results of periodic checking of working gas cylinders (see "Passport of a pressure vessel"). The working gas cylinder must be recharged or replaced if the carbon dioxide leakage exceeds 5% (75 g). The weight of the uncharged cylinder is stamped on the square of the locking and starting device; charge weight 1.4 ± 0.1 kg.

2.3. Checking the quality of the solution. It is necessary to take a sample from the bottom of the vessel. Precipitation in the foaming agent solution at the bottom of the vessel is not allowed. If sediment forms, replace the foaming agent solution.

2.4. Checking the safety valve. At the same time, adjust the valve spring compression according to the pressure gauge reading based on the valve actuation at a pressure of 0.85-0.95 MPa (8.5-9.5 kgf/cm2).

3. Work performed once every five years (TO-3):

3.1. Carry out the work provided for by TO-1 and TO-2.

3.2. Inspect all types of fire extinguisher components.

3.3. Hydraulic testing of the housing. Produced by hydraulic pressure of 1.2 MPa (12 kgf/cm2) for 2 minutes. At the same time, leakage, sweating, and changes in the shape of the body are not allowed.

3.4. Check the working gas cylinder in accordance with the requirements of Gosgortekhnadzor.

Notes: 1. Repair of the vessel or safety valve must be carried out only in a special workshop by a person who has a certificate for the right to work with pressure vessels.

2. The results of checking the condition of the vessel body, safety valve, information about the operation of the fire extinguisher in a fire, and deficiencies noticed during operation are entered in the passport of the pressure vessel, in the corresponding tables and the operation log.

Due to its compact size and ease of use, the OU-5 fire extinguisher is often used in museums, archives, art galleries, and other rooms where flammable materials are stored.

Purpose

Fire extinguisher OU-5: characteristics

Suppression of fires with a fire extinguisher is based on cooling objects and substances that are in the combustion zone. At the same time, it is diluted with inert, non-flammable substances of high concentration, which create conditions for stopping the combustion reaction.

OU-5 fire extinguishers have the following technical characteristics:

weight - 15 kg;
release time of inert non-flammable substances - 8 seconds;
jet length - 3 meters;
operating temperature - ranging from 5 to 50 o C;
fire extinguishing agent - carbon dioxide;
- more than 5 years with annual maintenance and charge weight monitoring.

Features of application

The fire extinguisher is activated by releasing the starting, locking device - a lever that must be opened all the way. Using the same lever, you can interrupt or completely stop the supply of carbon dioxide substances.

General rules of use

Before using the OU-5 fire extinguisher, it is necessary to determine the type of fire in order to understand how suitable and effective this model will be in the existing conditions.

When doing this, you need to make sure that the flame does not flare up again, and under no circumstances turn your back to the fire. After using a fire extinguisher, you should send it for recharging.